HISSAN – Grade XII Pre- Board Examinations 2078

1. Sub Code: 226
HISSAN – Grade XII
Pre- Board Examinations 2078
Economics
Program: Management
Time: 3.00 hrs F.M:100
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as
practicable. The figure in the margin indicates full marks.
PART A: Microeconomics (50 marks)
GROUP A1
(Long answer questions)
Answer any TWO questions [210=20]
s'g}} b'O{ k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf]; .
1. What is price elasticity of demand? Explain its various types. [3+7]
dfusf] d"No nf]r eg]sf] s] xf] < o;sf k|sf/x?nfO{ AofVof ug'{xf]; .
2. Explain the law of equi-marginal utility. [10]
;d–;LdfGt pkof]lutf lgodsf] JofVof ug'{xf]; . [10]
3. Define monopoly. How are equilibrium price and output determined
under it in the short run? [2+8]
Psflwsf/ ahf/sf] kl/efiff lbg'xf]; . cNksfndf o:tf] ahf/df ;Gt'nLt d"No /
pTkfbg s;/L lgwf{/0f x'G5g <
GROUP A2
(Short answer questions)
Answer any FOUR questions. [45=20]
s'g}} rf/ k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf]; .
4. Describe the wage fund theory of wage.
Hofnfsf] Hofnf sf]if l;2fGtnfO{ AofVof ug'{xf]; .
5. How is price elasticity of demand measured by point method?
ljGb' ljlwåf/f s;/L dfusf] d"Nonf]rsf] dfkg ul/G5 <
6. Explain the concept of consumer’s surplus.
pkef]Qmfsf] jrt l;2fGtnfO{ AofVof ug'{xf]; .
7. Explain the relationship between total product (TP), average product
(AP) and marginal product (MP).
cNksfndf s'n pTkfbg, cf}ift pTkfbg / l;dfGt pTkfbgsf] ;DjGwnfO{ AofVof
ug'{xf]; .
8. Define and derive all short-run total cost curves.
cNksflng s'n nfut jqmx?sf] kl/efiff lbO{ Ao'TklQ ug'{xf]; .
GROUP A3
(Very short answer questions)
Answer ALL questions. [2x5=10]
;a} k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf]; .
9. Define interest of capital.
Aofhsf] kl/efiff lbg'xf]; .
10. What are total revenue and marginal revenue <
s'n cfo / l;dfGt cfo eg]sf s] x'g <
11. What is a production function?
pTkfbg kmng eg]sf] s] xf] <
12. Define income elasticity of demand.
dfusf] cfo nf]rsf] kl/efiff lbg'xf]; .
13. List any four features of perfect competition.
k"0f{ k|lt:kwf{ ahf/sf] s'g} rf/j6f ljz]iftf pNn]v ug'{xf]; .
PART B: Macroeconomics (50 Marks)
GROUP B1
(Long answer questions)
Attempt any TWO questions. [210=20]
s'g} b'O{ k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf]; .
14. What is national income? Explain the difficulties of national income
accounting. [2+8]
/fli6«o cfo eg]sf] s] xf] < /fli6«o cfo dfkgdf cfOkg]{ ;d:ofx?nfO{ AofVof ug'{xf]; .
15. Define commercial bank. Describe its various functions. [2+8]
jfl0fHo a}Ísf] kl/efiff ug'{xf]; . jfl0fHo a}Ísf ljleGg sfo{x?sf] j0f{g ug'{xf]; .
16. Define indirect tax. Explain its merits and demerits. [2+4+4]
ck|ToIf s/sf] kl/efiff lbg'xf]; . o;sf u''0f / bf]ifx?sf] JofVof ug'{xf]; .

2. GROUP B2
(Short answer questions)
Answer any FOUR questions. [4×5=20]
s'g}} rf/ k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf]; .
17. Give your arguments in favour of protectionist trade policy.
;++/If0fjfbL Jofkf/ gLltsf] kIfdf cfˆgf ts{x¿ lbg'xf]; .
18. Describe the sources of government borrowing.
;/sf/L C0fsf >f]tx?sf] AofVof ug'{xf]; .
19. Explain any five functions of money.
d'b|fsf] s'g} kfFrj6f sfdx?nfO{ AofVof ug'{xf]; .
20. How is national income calculated under the expenditure method?
vr{ ljlwåf/f /fli6«o cfosf] dfkg s;/L ul/G5 <
21. Explain the concepts of closed economy and open economy.
aGb tyf v'Nnf cy{Joj:yfsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ AofVof ug'{xf]; .
GROUP B3
(Very short answer questions)
Answer ALL questions. [5×2=10]
;a} k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ n]Vg'xf]; .
22. Define balance of payments (BoP).
e'Stfg ;Gt'ngsf] kl/efiff lbg'xf]; .
23. What is government budget?
;/sf/L ah]6 eg]sf] s] xf] <
24. Mention any four functions of Central Bank.
s]lGb|o a}+ssf s'g} rf/j6f sfo{x? atfpg'xf]; .
25. Define inflation.
d'b|fl:kmtLsf] kl/efiff lbg'xf]; .
26. What is capital market?
k"lh+ ahf/ eg]sf] s] xf] <
THE END