This document discusses key issues in creating a regulatory framework to support e-commerce development. It identifies 7 issues: 1) telecom reform to introduce competition and lower costs, 2) recognition of electronic documents and signatures, 3) consumer protection regulations, 4) rules for electronic funds transfer, 5) alternative dispute resolution processes, 6) limiting ISP liability, and 7) management of domain names. For each issue, it provides examples of international best practices and models from organizations like the UN, EU, and WTO.
Cómo podría operar un Sistema Global de Resolución Electrónica de Disputas - ...Marcos Pueyrredon
Presentacion realizada por Colin Rule http://www.linkedin.com/in/crule
Director the Resolución Electrónica de Disputas de Pay Pal / Ebay (EEUU) en el Marco del Coloquio Internacional sobre Resolucion Online de Disputas RED - Online Dispute Resolution ODR organizado por el Instituto Latinoamericano de Comercio Electronico ILCE. Para mayor informacion ingrese en http://www.einstituto.org/onlinedisputeresolution/
Cómo podría operar un Sistema Global de Resolución Electrónica de Disputas - ...Marcos Pueyrredon
Presentacion realizada por Colin Rule http://www.linkedin.com/in/crule
Director the Resolución Electrónica de Disputas de Pay Pal / Ebay (EEUU) en el Marco del Coloquio Internacional sobre Resolucion Online de Disputas RED - Online Dispute Resolution ODR organizado por el Instituto Latinoamericano de Comercio Electronico ILCE. Para mayor informacion ingrese en http://www.einstituto.org/onlinedisputeresolution/
Perspectives on e-Business (Costas Andropoulos, European Commission, DG Enter...Danny Gaethofs
Perspectives on e-Business.
Presentation from Costas Andropoulos, European Commission, DG Enterprise, given on the 4th CEN Conference on e-invoicing from 18 June 2009 in Brussel.
AECM Annual Event in Antwerp 2019 (12/15 June)
Helen Kopman, Deputy Head of Unit, Digital Innovation and Blockchain, Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CNECT), European Commission.
Mário Campolargo - Services and clouds as cornerstones of the Digital AgendaServiceWave 2010
Mário Campolargo - Services and clouds as cornerstones of the Digital Agenda
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Dr. Thierry Priol, INRIA, ServiceWave General Chair - Opening Welcome (edit)
Tags Description Dr. Thierry Priol, INRIA, ServiceWave General Chair - Opening Welcome Service Wave 2010 - Tuesday Dec 14th 2010
Income taxation in digital economy - T. N. PandeyD Murali ☆
Income taxation in digital economy - T. N. Pandey - Article published in Business Advisor, dated June 25, 2016 - http://www.magzter.com/IN/Shrinikethan/Business-Advisor/Business/
Tweeted on www.twitter.com/BusinessAdvDM
Perspectives on e-Business (Costas Andropoulos, European Commission, DG Enter...Danny Gaethofs
Perspectives on e-Business.
Presentation from Costas Andropoulos, European Commission, DG Enterprise, given on the 4th CEN Conference on e-invoicing from 18 June 2009 in Brussel.
AECM Annual Event in Antwerp 2019 (12/15 June)
Helen Kopman, Deputy Head of Unit, Digital Innovation and Blockchain, Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CNECT), European Commission.
Mário Campolargo - Services and clouds as cornerstones of the Digital AgendaServiceWave 2010
Mário Campolargo - Services and clouds as cornerstones of the Digital Agenda
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Dr. Thierry Priol, INRIA, ServiceWave General Chair - Opening Welcome (edit)
Tags Description Dr. Thierry Priol, INRIA, ServiceWave General Chair - Opening Welcome Service Wave 2010 - Tuesday Dec 14th 2010
Income taxation in digital economy - T. N. PandeyD Murali ☆
Income taxation in digital economy - T. N. Pandey - Article published in Business Advisor, dated June 25, 2016 - http://www.magzter.com/IN/Shrinikethan/Business-Advisor/Business/
Tweeted on www.twitter.com/BusinessAdvDM
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
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Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
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Remote sensing and monitoring are changing the mining industry for the better. These are providing innovative solutions to long-standing challenges. Those related to exploration, extraction, and overall environmental management by mining technology companies Odisha. These technologies make use of satellite imaging, aerial photography and sensors to collect data that might be inaccessible or from hazardous locations. With the use of this technology, mining operations are becoming increasingly efficient. Let us gain more insight into the key aspects associated with remote sensing and monitoring when it comes to mining.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Accpac to QuickBooks Conversion Navigating the Transition with Online Account...PaulBryant58
This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to
effectively manage the convert Accpac to QuickBooks , with a particular focus on utilizing online accounting services to streamline the process.
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chapter 10 - excise tax of transfer and business taxation
ecommerce-framework206.pptx
1. Regulatory Framework for E-
Commerce: International
“Best Practices” & Models
ROBERT HORVITZ
Manager, Central/Eastern Europe
GLOBAL INTERNET POLICY INITIATIVE (GIPI)
BOB@INTERNEWS.ORG
“The State and Development Prospects
of ICT in Uzbekistan”
Uzbek Agency of Communication & Informatization (UzACI)
Tashkent, 26-27 November 2002
2. Key Issues in Creating a
Framework for E-Commerce
1. Telecom reform
2. Recognition of electronic documents
3. Consumer protection
4. Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)
5. Dispute resolution
6. ISP liability
7. Domain names
3. 1. Telecom Reform
Probably the most important way to boost
development of e-commerce
Introducing competition...
– Reduces costs so more people go online
– Promotes innovation
– Improves quality of service
– Attracts foreign investment for network
expansion
4. 1. Telecom Reform
WTO Annex on Telecommunications:
http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/serv_e/12-
(1997)
WTO Principles on the Regulatory Frame-
work for Basic Telecommunications
Regulation
http://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres97_e/r
(1996)
5. 2. Recognition of electronic
documents
To enable...
– legal recognition of electronic contracts
– use of electronic documents as evidence in courts
– electronic filing of government forms
...By agreeing on principles for recognizing e-
signatures and other electronic validation
technologies.
– and exceptions where they are not recognized.
6. 2. Recognition of electronic
documents
United Nations Commission on International Trade
Law: “Model Law on Electronic Commerce”
(UNCITRAL, 1996):
http://www.uncitral.org/english/texts/electcom/ecomme
European Directive on a Community framework for
electronic signatures (1999)
http://europa.eu.int/comm/internal_market/en/media/si
7. 3. Consumer Protection
E-commerce’s success depends on the legal
system recognizing & promptly enforcing
electronic contracts (business-to-business
and business-to-consumer).
Consumer protection includes...
– Prohibiting misleading advertising
– Regulating consumer financial services & credit
– Rules against fraudulent & unauthorized billing
– Rules for resolving complaints about defective
products
• Including right to a refund if goods not delivered
8. 3. Consumer Protection
Before closing contract, consumer should be
given...
– Identity & address of supplier.
– Description of goods & their price.
– Procedure for payment, delivery &
performance (if buying a service).
– Notice of “right of withdrawal.”
9. 3. Consumer Protection
European Parliament & Council Directive 97/7/EC
(17 February 1997) on the protection of
consumers in respect of distance contracts -
http://europa.eu.int/information_society/topics/ebusines
European Parliament & Council Directive 2000/31/
EC (8 June 2000) on electronic commerce
http://europa.eu.int/ISPO/ecommerce/legal/documents/
10. 4. Electronic Funds Transfer
Developing an online payment system
involves complex issues of security,
liability & taxation.
At a minimum, banking laws must enable
payment via credit/debit-card.
Many EU directives deal with this
– They are good models for legislators.
11. 5. Dispute Resolution
Disagreements between buyers & sellers are
inevitable.
– Where small amounts of money are involved, going
to court is not practical.
To build consumer confidence, encourage cheap &
fast “alternative dispute resolution” processes –
in addition to the courts.
– ADR processes need not be government-managed
– NGOs & businesses can set them up & run them.
12. 5. Dispute Resolution
“Report of the Conference on Building Trust
in the Online Environment: Business to
Consumer Dispute Resolution,” Joint
Conference of the OECD, HCOPIL & ICC
(11-12 December 2000), Document #
DSTI/ICCP/REG/CP (2001).
13. 6. ISP Liability
ISPs should not be held liable if it is only a
“transparent relay” for improper commercial
information created by others.
Also not liable under US or EU law for information
that is automatically & temporarily “cached” to
speed up local access.
ISP has no general duty to monitor or investigate
the legality of material which he only transmits
for others.
14. 7. Domain names
Not essential that e-commerce law deal with
domain name registration.
But it can become an e-commerce issue...
– If cost of company name registration is too high, or
rules limiting how many names can be registered is
too restrictive.
See ICANN’s best practices in ccTLD management:
http://www.icann.org/cctlds/centr-2nd-best-practices-20