The basic reason for the financial assistance in rural areas.
Indian agriculture is characterized by low productivity, which leads to low income.
Due to low income and high level of consumption the investment made in agriculture is also low.
Banks and NBFCs: Types of Banks & NBFCs: Central Bank, Nationalized & Co Operative Banks, Regional Rural
Banks, Scheduled Banks, Private Banks & Foreign Banks, Mudra Bank, Small Finance Banks, Specialized Banks, NBFCs.
Types of Banking: Wholesale and Retail Banking, Investment Banking, Corporate Banking, Private Banking, Development
Banking.
Meaning, Features of RRBs, Objectives of Regional Rural Banks, Formation and Development of Regional Rural Banks, Reform process of RRBs, For Development/ Promotion/ & Effectiveness of RRBs., Working of RRBs, Functions of RRBs, Structure of Rural Credit
The basic reason for the financial assistance in rural areas.
Indian agriculture is characterized by low productivity, which leads to low income.
Due to low income and high level of consumption the investment made in agriculture is also low.
Banks and NBFCs: Types of Banks & NBFCs: Central Bank, Nationalized & Co Operative Banks, Regional Rural
Banks, Scheduled Banks, Private Banks & Foreign Banks, Mudra Bank, Small Finance Banks, Specialized Banks, NBFCs.
Types of Banking: Wholesale and Retail Banking, Investment Banking, Corporate Banking, Private Banking, Development
Banking.
Meaning, Features of RRBs, Objectives of Regional Rural Banks, Formation and Development of Regional Rural Banks, Reform process of RRBs, For Development/ Promotion/ & Effectiveness of RRBs., Working of RRBs, Functions of RRBs, Structure of Rural Credit
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Principles and Practices of Banking Module 4ARUNKUMAR7358
Rural Banking
An introduction to rural banking
Rural banking system(RRB) in India
RBI policy & functions in rural banking
Financial inclusion and its current perspective
Microfinance
Trends
Issues & challenges
Microfinance institutions in India
Role of self-help groups
Books referred - Dr.Nirmala Prasad, K. Chandrasass j (Banking and financial system)& Mithani, Gordan (Banking and financial systems)
Rural Finance Study an understanding of a number of banks and finance companies have begun to specialize in offering credits to farmers, farming finance is a service of utmost importance and closely related to the continued progress of the country as agriculture continues to play a center role. It promoting by RC&M India Experiential Marketing & brand promotions Company.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Principles and Practices of Banking Module 4ARUNKUMAR7358
Rural Banking
An introduction to rural banking
Rural banking system(RRB) in India
RBI policy & functions in rural banking
Financial inclusion and its current perspective
Microfinance
Trends
Issues & challenges
Microfinance institutions in India
Role of self-help groups
Books referred - Dr.Nirmala Prasad, K. Chandrasass j (Banking and financial system)& Mithani, Gordan (Banking and financial systems)
Rural Finance Study an understanding of a number of banks and finance companies have begun to specialize in offering credits to farmers, farming finance is a service of utmost importance and closely related to the continued progress of the country as agriculture continues to play a center role. It promoting by RC&M India Experiential Marketing & brand promotions Company.
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Latino Buying Power - May 2024 Presentation for Latino CaucusDanay Escanaverino
Unlock the potential of Latino Buying Power with this in-depth SlideShare presentation. Explore how the Latino consumer market is transforming the American economy, driven by their significant buying power, entrepreneurial contributions, and growing influence across various sectors.
**Key Sections Covered:**
1. **Economic Impact:** Understand the profound economic impact of Latino consumers on the U.S. economy. Discover how their increasing purchasing power is fueling growth in key industries and contributing to national economic prosperity.
2. **Buying Power:** Dive into detailed analyses of Latino buying power, including its growth trends, key drivers, and projections for the future. Learn how this influential group’s spending habits are shaping market dynamics and creating opportunities for businesses.
3. **Entrepreneurial Contributions:** Explore the entrepreneurial spirit within the Latino community. Examine how Latino-owned businesses are thriving and contributing to job creation, innovation, and economic diversification.
4. **Workforce Statistics:** Gain insights into the role of Latino workers in the American labor market. Review statistics on employment rates, occupational distribution, and the economic contributions of Latino professionals across various industries.
5. **Media Consumption:** Understand the media consumption habits of Latino audiences. Discover their preferences for digital platforms, television, radio, and social media. Learn how these consumption patterns are influencing advertising strategies and media content.
6. **Education:** Examine the educational achievements and challenges within the Latino community. Review statistics on enrollment, graduation rates, and fields of study. Understand the implications of education on economic mobility and workforce readiness.
7. **Home Ownership:** Explore trends in Latino home ownership. Understand the factors driving home buying decisions, the challenges faced by Latino homeowners, and the impact of home ownership on community stability and economic growth.
This SlideShare provides valuable insights for marketers, business owners, policymakers, and anyone interested in the economic influence of the Latino community. By understanding the various facets of Latino buying power, you can effectively engage with this dynamic and growing market segment.
Equip yourself with the knowledge to leverage Latino buying power, tap into their entrepreneurial spirit, and connect with their unique cultural and consumer preferences. Drive your business success by embracing the economic potential of Latino consumers.
**Keywords:** Latino buying power, economic impact, entrepreneurial contributions, workforce statistics, media consumption, education, home ownership, Latino market, Hispanic buying power, Latino purchasing power.
Resume
• Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles.
• Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April.
• In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget.
• The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan.
• The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown.
• As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April.
• At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum.
• Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
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how can I sell my pi coins for cash in a pi APPDOT TECH
You can't sell your pi coins in the pi network app. because it is not listed yet on any exchange.
The only way you can sell is by trading your pi coins with an investor (a person looking forward to hold massive amounts of pi coins before mainnet launch) .
You don't need to meet the investor directly all the trades are done with a pi vendor/merchant (a person that buys the pi coins from miners and resell it to investors)
I Will leave The telegram contact of my personal pi vendor, if you are finding a legitimate one.
@Pi_vendor_247
#pi network
#pi coins
#money
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
when will pi network coin be available on crypto exchange.DOT TECH
There is no set date for when Pi coins will enter the market.
However, the developers are working hard to get them released as soon as possible.
Once they are available, users will be able to exchange other cryptocurrencies for Pi coins on designated exchanges.
But for now the only way to sell your pi coins is through verified pi vendor.
Here is the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor
@Pi_vendor_247
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2. Introduction
•Rural banking in India started since the establishment of
banking sector in India.
•As the name suggests, includes banking organizations
operating in rural or sub-urban background.
2
3. Introduction
3
•The area of operation is limited to few districts or a region of a
state.
•Started with the main focus on Agricultural sector.
•Gradually raise its participation in trade, commerce, industry
and other productive activities in the rural areas.
4. Current Status
4
•Rural population of about 780 million with limited access to
financial services.
•A high proportion of rural lending is from informal sources.
•About 500-600 million people in India still do not have bank
accounts.
•Rural economy(Agriculture + on-agriculture) constitute about
50% of GDP.
•Current demand for credit in Rural India is around Rs.1,33,000
Crs.
•Commercial bank branches cover only 7% of rural sector and
large market is still untapped.
5. A Peek Over Past
5
•Informal lending : large set of lenders ranging from
moneylenders, financiers, landlords, traders and shopkeepers,
friends and relatives.
•High interest rates.
•Interest overpass the principal amount.
•Debt passes from one generation to another.
•Wrong calculation of interest amount.
•Exploitation of village poor by these above given means is
excellently described in the famous novel “Godaan” by Munshi
Premchand.
6. •In 1975 GOI setup Narasimham Committee To learn various
cultural issues which are hindering commercial banks to lend to
farmers.
•On the basis of this committee’s recommendations, a Regional
Rural Banks Ordinance was passed in September 1975, which
was replaced by the Regional Rural Banks Act 1976.
•RegionalnRd ural banks came into existence in 1975 on Gandhi
Jayanti (2 Oct) with the formation of “Prathama Gramin
Bank”.
6
8. Regional Rural Banks(RRBs)
8
•Established under the provisions of an Ordinance passed on
26 September 1975 and the RRB Act. 1976 to provide sufficient
banking and credit facility for agriculture and other rural
sectors.
•These were set up on the recommendations of The
Narasimham Working Group during the tenure of Indira
Gandhi's government with a view to include rural areas into
economic mainstream.
•These are the Banks which mainly operate over a small region
sometimes limited to rural regions of few districts.
9. •RRBs are mainly owned by central government, state
governments and sponsor Banks.
Share of Various Organizations
Central Govenmetn State Government Sponser Banks
9
10. •Initially the upper ceiling over interest rate charged but from
august 1996 RRBs were given full freedom to their own rates of
interest.
•The interest rates mainly revolves around 14-18% for
advances.
•Due to their low their low capital to risk weighted Assets
Ratio(CRAR) They subsequently gets helps from Governments
and their sponsor banks to maintain a CRAR ratio of 7-9%.
10
11. Credit Flow Of RRBs
al
11
ed
Agricu
Cr d
Agricultural
Credit
Total Credit
2008-2009 43367.13 26439.17 61 13.77 12.4
2009-2010 56079.24 34639.94 62 31.02 29.31
2010-2011 71724.19 43965.45 61 26.92 27.90
2011-2012 82538.39 53058.14 64 20.68 15.08
2012-2013 102161.70 64902.91 57 22.32 23.77
14. Current Scenario
•Mostly running into losses.
•Currently, RRB's are going through a process of amalgamation
and consolidation to prevent losses.
•At Present there are 56 RRBs in India.
•Some of the Most famous RRBs are:-
Allahabad UP Gramin Bank
Punjab Gramin Bank
Dena Gujarat Gramin Bank
Uttarakhand Gramin Bank
Prathama Bank
Etc.
14
16. Cooperative Banks
16
•Cooperative banking is retail and commercial banking
organized on a cooperative basis.
•Co-operative Banks in India are registered under the Co-
operative Societies Act.
•They are governed by the Banking Regulations Act 1949 and
Banking Laws (Co-operative Societies) Act, 1965.
•In urban areas, they mainly serve small industry and self-
employed workers.
•“Anyonya sahkari mandali” established in 1889 in the province
of Baroda, is the earliest known cooperative credit union in
India.
17. •These Institutions mainly accepts Deposits and Lend Money to
the members only.
•Follows all Prudential Rules and Regulations.
•Provides Financial means to the People to prevent them from
debt trap of money lenders.
17
18. •Two of the major success of cooperatives are:-
Gujarat Dairy Cooperatives(Amul).
Maharashtra’s sugar co-operative.
18
19. Organizational Structure
19
•Urban Cooperative Bank : monitored by RBI
•Rural Cooperative Bank :
• Short Term Cooperatives:-
State Cooperative Banks
District Central Cooperative Banks
Primary Agricultural Credit Societies
Long Term Cooperatives:-
State Cooperative Agriculture and Rural
Development Banks (SCARDS).
Primary Cooperative Agriculture and Rural
Development Banks (PCARDBS).
21. Self Help Groups(SHGs)
•Local cooperative village groups mainly for woman's intended
to provide economic
support and to promote savings
in rural areas.
• It can be registered or
•unregistered.
•Borrowings are made without
without any collateral.
23. National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
23
Development
•NABARD is an apex development bank in India.
•A committee setup by RBI under the chairmanship of Shri
B.Sivaraman conceived and recommended the establishment
of NABARD.
•It was established on 12 July 1982 by a special act by the
parliament and its main focus was to uplift rural India by
increasing the credit flow for elevation of agriculture & rural non
farm sector.
•GOI holds 99% stake in this bank. st
•Started with capital of 100 crs and on 31 march 2014,it stood
upto 4700 crs.
24. Roles
•Facilitates credit flow for promotion and development of
agriculture, cottage and village industries.
•It regulates the cooperative banks and the RRB’s.
•NABARD refinances the financial institutions which finances
the rural sector.
•Acts as Fatherly figure for other developmental activities going
over in region.
•SHG Bank Linkage
•Programme.
24
25. Lending Facilities
25
•Short Term Landings:- Refinance at concessional rate of
interest to State Cooperative Banks (SCBs) and Regional Rural
Banks (RRBs) by way of sanction of credit limits. Each
withdrawal against the sanctioned credit limit is repayable
within 12 months.
•Medium Term landings:- It provides medium-term loans to
SCBs for periods of 3 to 5 years. Mainly for agricultural
purposes.
•Long Term Agricultural Credits:- Long-term credit for agricul-
ture is provided mainly through investment in the debentures of
SLDBs.
26. Non-Agricultural Finance
•The NABARD provides short- term finance for:
The production and marketing activities of selected cottage and small-
scale industries (mostly handloom weavers’ co-operative societies)
The purchase and distribution of fertilizers.
26
27. Kisan credit card
•A Kisan Credit Card is a credit card facility to provide
affordable credit for farmers in India.
•It was started by the Government of India, Reserve Bank of
India (RBI), and National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
Development (NABARD) in 1998-99 to help farmers access
timely and adequate credit.
•Various private banks can also offer such cards to farmers.
27
29. Importance of Rural Banking
•Nearly about 70% Indians resides in Villages.
•Farmers are often need of banking facilities such as loans,
insurances etc., if banking facilities lacks in rural areas farmers
will have to suffer which makes economy to suffer.
29
30. •To widen the economic base the time has come to deepen its
root since no space is left over the surface to expand.
•In conditions of Droughts or some other calamities such
services are life saving.
30
31. •In Absence of such services Farming will be worse affected
which in turn will be affecting you as the prices of vegetables
and other agricultural products will rise.
•It also saves farmers from the hands of money lenders and
zamindars, and prevents them from falling into the cycle of
borrowing and repaying.
31
33. Possible Suggestions
•Services such as Gold loans should also be introduced.
•The process of loans should be made simple considering the
illiteracy of people of rural background.
33
34. “The importance of the rural banking in the economic
development of a country cannot be overlooked. As
Gandhiji said “real India lies in villages,” and village
economy is the backbone of Indian economy. Without
the development of the rural economy, the objectives of
economic planning cannot be achieved”
34