When money dies, inflation occurs due to printing money faster than the creation of new goods and services, raising prices. This document provides examples of countries that experienced hyperinflation, such as Hungary in 1946 with a monthly inflation rate of 13,600,000,000,000,000% and prices doubling every 15.6 hours. It also discusses the relationship between money supply, demand, and the value of money based on the quantity theory of money. Central banks can impact inflation through monetary policies like government spending, taxes, borrowing, and printing money.