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2
Knowledge: Learning the Rules
Skills: Showing, Not Just Knowing
Sensitivity: Receptive Accuracy
Commitment: A Passion for Excellence
Ethics: The Right and Wrong of Communication
Definition of a Group
Groups: More than People Standing at a Bus Stop
Interpersonal Communication and Public Speaking: Ungroups
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Groups as Systems
Interconnectedness of Parts
Ripple Effect: A Chain Reaction
Synergy: One Plus One Equals a Ton
Negative Synergy: Results Beyond Bad
Adaptability to a Changing Environment
Dynamic Equilibrium: Managing Stability and Change
Dealing with Difficult Group Members: Bad Apple Spoilage
Boundary Control: Regulating Input
Communication Methods of Boundary Control: Erecting
Barriers
Physical Barriers: Protecting Group Space
Psychological Barriers: Member in Name Only
Linguistic Barriers: Having to Speak the Language
Rules: Permission Not Granted
Roles: Staying in Bounds
Networks: Controlling Information and Interaction Flow
Open and Closed Systems: Setting Effective Boundaries
3
Influence of Size
Group Size and Complexity
Quantitative Complexity: Exponentially Complicated
Complexity and Group Transactions: Size Matters
An Organization: A Group of Groups
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Group Development
Primary Dimensions of Groups
Task and Social Dimensions: Working and Relating
Building Cohesiveness: Bringing Us Together
Encourage Compatible Membership
Develop Shared Goals
Accomplish Tasks
Develop a Positive History of Cooperation
Promote Acceptance of Group Members
Periodic Phases of Group Development
Forming: Gathering Members
Reasons We Join Groups: Motivation
Member Diversity: The Benefits and Challenges of Difference
Storming: Feeling the Tension
Primary Tension: Initial Uneasiness
Secondary Tension: Later Stress and Strain
Norming: Regulating the Group
Types of Norms: Explicit and Implicit
Sources of Norms: Without and Within the Group
Degree of Conformity: Strength of Group Pressure
Why We Conform: Fitting In
Conditions for Conformity: When We Bow to Group Pressure
4
Addressing Nonconformity: When Groups Get Tough
Performing: Group Output
Motivation to Perform: Social Loafing and Social Compensation
When Groups Outperform Individuals: Three Heads Are Better
Than One
When Individuals Outperform Groups: No Group Magic
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Developing the Group Climate
Positivity versus Negativity
Negativity Bias: Agile, Funny, Smart, Friendly, but Unethical
The Magic Ratio: Emphasizing the Positive
Competition and Cooperation
Definitions: Conceptual Clarity
Competition: Winners Take All
Cooperation: Winners All
Individual Achievement: Going It Alone
Hypercompetitiveness: Winning Is Everything
Constructive Competition: Tempering Hypercompetitiveness
Culture and Hypercompetitiveness: Different Values
Cooperative Group Climates: Cultivating Positivity
Communication and Group Climate
Defensive and Supportive Communication: Shaping Climates
Criticism versus Description
Control versus Problem Orientation
Manipulation versus Assertiveness
Indifference versus Empathy
Superiority versus Equality
Certainty versus Provisionalism
5
Incivility versus Civility
Listening: Enhancing Positivity
Shift Response versus Support Response: Focusing on Me or
Thee
Competitive Interrupting: Seizing the Floor
Ambushing: Preparing Rebuttals
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Roles in Groups
Influence of Roles
Role Status: Playing by Hierarchical Rules
Role Conflict: Torn between Two Roles
Role Reversal: When Students Become Teachers
Types of Roles
Task Roles: Focusing on Maximum Productivity
Maintenance Roles: Focusing on Cohesiveness
Disruptive Roles: Focusing on Self
Role Emergence
Group Endorsement: Accepting a Bid
Role Specialization: Settling into One’s Primary Role
Role Adaptability
Role Flexibility: Adapting to Context
Role Fixation: Failure to Adapt
Newcomers and System Disturbance
Nature of the Group: The Challenge of Acceptance
Group Socialization: Mutual Adaptation to Change
Questions for Critical Thinkers
6
7
Video Case Studies
Group Leadership
Definition of Leadership
Leadership and Followership: Let’s Dance
Leader and Manager: Different Types of Influence
Leadership Emergence
How Not to Become a Leader: The Thou Shalt Nots
General Emergence Pattern: Process of Elimination
Additional Factors: Implicit Theories of Leadership
Perspectives on Effective Leadership
Traits Perspective: The Born Leader View
Styles Perspective: One Style Doesn’t Fit All
Situational Perspective: Matching Styles with Circumstances
Distributive Leadership: Sharing Functions
Ethical Leadership: Serving Group Members
Culture and Leadership: Are There Universal Theories?
Communication Competence Perspective: The Overarching
View
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Developing Effective Teams
Standard Groups versus Teams
Distinctions: The Foremost Four
Level of Cooperation: The Working Together Imperative
Diversity of Skills: Look for Complementarity
Group Identity: Operating as a Unit
Time and Resources: Commitment to the Team
Definition of a Team: A Special Kind of Group
Team Members
Team Slayers: Members’ Bad Attitudes and Bad Behavior
Egocentrism: Me-Deep in Omnipotence
Cynicism: Communicating a Can’t-Do Attitude
Verbal/Nonverbal Abuse: Bad Behavior Kills Teams
Team Builders: Choosing and Developing Team Members
Experience and Problem-Solving Abilities: Core Competencies
Communication Training: Developing Members’ Competence
Building Teamwork
Developing Team Goals: The Four Cs
Clear Goals: Everyone on the Same Page
Cooperative Goals: Interdependent Challenges
Challenging Goals: Denting the Universe
Commitment to Goals: A Passion to Succeed
Developing a Team Identity: Unifying Members
Symbolic Convergence: Communicating Fantasy Themes
Solidarity Symbols: Unifying Nonverbally
Team Talk: The Language of We
Designating Roles: Room for One Quarterback
Team Empowerment: Enhancing Members’ Capabilities
Definition of Empowerment: Four Dimensions
Hierarchical Organizations: The Enemy of Team Empowerment
Self-Managing Work Teams: The IDEO Model
Impediments to Team Empowerment: No Buy-In
Establishing Individual Accountability: Providing Feedback
Competent Team Leadership
Nurturing Empowerment: A Shared Responsibility
Requiring a Cooperative Environment: Killing Fear and Ego
Questions for Critical Thinkers
8
Video Case Studies
Defective Decision Making and Problem Solving
Information Overload
Scope of the Problem: The Information Avalanche
Consequences: The Downside of Information
Critical Thinking Impairment: Separating Wheat from Chaff
Indecisiveness: Conclusion Irresolution
Inattention: Difficulty Concentrating
Diminished Creativity: Thwarting Showerthoughts
Coping with Information Overload: Wrestling the Beast
Screen Information: Separating the Useful from the Useless
Shut Down Technology: Hitting the Off Switch
Become Selective: On a Need-to-Know Basis
Limit the Search: When Enough Is Enough
Discern Patterns: Recognizing Irrelevant Information
Focus: Don’t Multitask
Information Underload
Mindsets: Critical Thinking Frozen Solid
Confirmation Bias: One-Sided Information Searches
The Problem: Poor Decisions and Solutions
Combating Confirmation Bias: A Plan
False Dichotomies: Either–Or Thinking
Collective Inferential Error: Uncritical Thinking
Prevalence of the Problem: It’s a Group Thing
Sources of Inferential Errors: Distortions and Correlations
Unrepresentativeness: Distorting the Facts
Correlation Inferred as Causation: Covariation
Error Correction: Practicing Critical Thinking
Group Polarization: Extremely Uncritical Thinking
9
Polarization: From Gambling to Guarded
Why Groups Polarize: Comparison and Persuasion
Combating Group Polarization: Necessary Steps
Groupthink: Critical Thinking in Suspended Animation
Conditions: Excessive Cohesiveness and Concurrence Seeking
Identification of Groupthink: Main Symptoms
Overestimation of Group’s Power and Morality: Arrogance
Closed-Mindedness: Clinging to Assumptions
Pressures toward Uniformity: Presenting a United Front
Preventing Groupthink: Promoting Vigilance
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Effective Decision Making and Problem Solving
Group Discussion Functions and Procedures
Phases and Functions: General Considerations
Multiple Sequence Model: Phases of Decision Making
Functional Perspective: Being Systematic
The Standard Agenda: Structuring Group Discussion
Problem Identification: What’s the Question?
Problem Analysis: Causes and Effects
Solution Criteria: Setting Standards
Solution Suggestions: Generating Alternatives
Solution Evaluation and Selection: Deciding by Criteria
Solution Implementation: Follow-Through
Decision-Making Rules: Majority, Minority, and Unanimity
Majority Rule: Tyrannical or Practical
Minority Rule: Several Types
Unanimity Rule: Consensus
Critical Thinking and Effective Decision Making
10
Gathering Information: Accumulating Input
Evaluating Information: Countering “Truth Decay”
Credibility: Is It Believable?
Currency: Is It Up to Date?
Relevance: Looking for Logical Connections
Representativeness: Reflecting the Facts
Sufficiency: When Enough Really Is Enough
Participation
Cultural Diversity: Is Silence Golden?
Increasing Participation: Constructive Engagement
Conducting Effective Meetings
Group Meetings: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Responsibilities of Chairs and Members: Guiding Discussion
Creative Problem Solving
General Overview: The Creative Process
Creative Techniques: Systematic Procedures
Brainstorming and Nominal Group Techniques: Generating Lots
of Ideas
Framing/Reframing: It’s All in the Wording
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Power in Groups
The Nature of Power
Forms of Power: Dominance, Prevention, and Empowerment
Communication Indicators of Power
General Indicators: Defining, Following, and Inhibiting
Verbal Indicators: Language Choices
Nonverbal Indicators: Silent Exercise of Power
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Power Resources: The Raw Materials of Influence
Information: Good and Plenty
Expertise: Information Plus Know-How
Legitimate Authority: You Will Obey
Rewards and Punishments: Pleasure and Pain
Personal Qualities: A Powerful Persona
Consequences of Power Imbalances
Bias against Women and Ethnic Minorities: Leadership Gap
Workplace Bullying: Blatant Aggression
Power Distance: Cultural Variation
General Description: Horizontal and Vertical Cultures
Communication Differences: With Whom May You
Communicate?
Balancing Power
Defiance: Digging in Your Heels
Resistance: Dragging Your Feet
Sluggish Effort: How Slow Can You Go? 250
Strategic Stupidity: Smart People Playing Dumb
Loss of Motor Function: Conscious Carelessness
The Misunderstanding Mirage: Confusion Illusion
Selective Amnesia: Fake Forgetfulness
Tactical Tardiness: Late by Design
Purposeful Procrastination: Deliberate Delays
Alliances: Forming Coalitions
Developing Empowerment: Exercising Positive Power
Developing Assertiveness: Neither Doormat nor Boot Wiper
Increasing Personal Power Resources: Expanding Choices
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
11 Conflict Management and Negotiation
Nature of Conflict
Definition: Incompatible, Interconnected Struggle
Benefits of Conflict: Dissent Can Be Productive
Destructive and Constructive Conflict: Differences
Styles of Conflict Management
Collaborating: Problem Solving
Confrontation: Directly Addressing the Problem
Integration: Seeking Joint Gains
Smoothing: Calming Troubled Waters
Accommodating: Yielding
Compromising: Halving the Loaf
Avoiding: Withdrawing
Competing: Power-Forcing
Comparing Styles: Likelihood of Success
Situational Factors
Types of Conflict: Task, Relationship, and Value
Task Conflict: Routine or Nonroutine
Relationship Conflict: It’s Personal
Values Conflict: Deeply Felt Struggles
Culture and Conflict: Communication Differences
Negotiation Strategies
Positional Bargaining: Hard and Soft Negotiating
Principled Negotiation: Interest-Based Bargaining
The Four Principles: Appropriate Rules
Remaining Unconditionally Constructive: Sound Judgment
The BATNA: Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement
Anger Management
Constructive and Destructive Anger: Intensity and Duration
12
Managing Your Own Anger: Taking Control
Managing the Anger of Others: Communication Jujitsu
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Virtual Groups and Social Media
Technological Virtual Group Options
Text Messaging: Typing Gone High Tech
Audioconferencing: Voice-Only Technology
Videoconferencing: Sight and Sound
Benefits and Challenges of Virtual Groups
Time and Space: The Death of Distance
Decision Making: Quality of the Output
Decision-Making Delays: Increased Frustration
Social Relationships: Developing Personal Connections
Power Differences: Prominence of Status Cues
Conflict: Constructive and Destructive
Improving Virtual Group Effectiveness
General Factors: Getting Set for Success
Team Identification: Connecting
Media Richness: The Lean and Meaty Theory
Media Synchronicity: Extending MRT
Specific Suggestions: Unique Advice
Choosing Media: Richness and Synchronicity
Conducting Virtual Meetings: Special Challenges
Questions for Critical Thinkers
Video Case Studies
Appendix A: Group Oral Presentations
Appendix B: Critical Thinking Revisited: Arguments and
Fallacies
Glossary
References
Index
Preface
I am profoundly grateful to all who have helped make In Mixed Company
such a resounding success through nine editions. Despite its success,
however, I have become increasingly concerned about the inflated pricing of
In Mixed Company. So much so, that I have proactively changed publishers. I
am thrilled to report that Oxford University Press (OUP), a not-for-
profit publisher of considerable renown, is publishing this tenth edition.
Publishing with OUP, coupled with the decision to significantly condense In
Mixed Company, permits an astounding reduction in price. This edition is
about $90 less expensive than the previous print edition’s list price, and
about $125 less expensive as an e-book.
With each new edition, I find it ever more challenging to make significant
changes that make In Mixed Company an even better textbook for students. I
have also become uncomfortably aware that, as the author, I have grown a bit
too fond of my own words, hesitant to cut much detail from previous editions
and to strive for greater concision. Consequently, I have energetically edited
this new edition.
Even though I have made major edits to refurbish In Mixed Company and
to reduce its price, I have preserved the essence of previous versions. The
central unifying theme, that cooperation in small groups is usually superior
to competition, has been maintained. The communication competence
model continues to guide discussions of key small group concepts and
processes. The model is one of the communication discipline’s unique
contributions to understanding and improving human behavior. It is
thoroughly integrated throughout the text. Systems theory also remains as a
key theoretical component of the text, providing a conceptual framework for
analysis and insights. Finally, the unique focus on power in groups remains.
As social psychologist Dacher Keltner (2016), author of The Power Paradox,
notes, “Power defines the waking life of every human being . . . emerges
instantaneously when humans interact” and “shapes our every interaction,
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Tellers' Magazine, Vol. I, No. 1, June 1913
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Title: The Story Tellers' Magazine, Vol. I, No. 1, June 1913
Author: Various
Editor: Richard Thomas Wyche
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY
TELLERS' MAGAZINE, VOL. I, NO. 1, JUNE 1913 ***
Transcriber’s Notes
Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected. Variations in hyphenation
and all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged.
THE STORY TELLERS’
MAGAZINE
VOL. I NO. 1
JUNE
PVBLISHED BY THE STORYTELLERS COMPANY NEW YORK
The Storytellers’ Magazine
RICHARD T. WYCHE, Editor
CONTENTS
Page
Nimmy Nimmy Not. Retold 1
by Emelyn Newcombe Partridge and George Everett Partridge, Ph.D.
The Taileypo 7
by Richard T. Wyche
Johnny Cake. Retold 10
by Frank E. Spaulding and Catherine T. Bryce
The Twelve Months. Retold 13
by R. T. Wyche
Story Telling and Education 19
by George Everett Partridge, Ph.D.
Story Telling in Boston 24
by Mary W. Cronan
The Stone Lion. Retold 26
by Emelyn Newcombe Partridge and George Everett Partridge, Ph.D.
The Oyster and Its Claimants 29
from La Fontaine’s Æsop’s Fables
The Psycho-Therapeutic Value of Story Telling 30
by Frances E. Foote
Story Telling For Mothers 32
The Beowulf Club of West Virginia University 34
by John Harrington Cox
How to Organize a Story Tellers’ League 35
What the Leagues are Doing 36
Editorial 37
The Mother—The Child—The Story 39
The Great Epics—Story Hour Cycle 40
Some Recent Books 42
Bibliography 44
Story Tellers’ Leagues 51
Business Department 55
Published Monthly
at 27 West 23d St., New York, N. Y.
BY
THE STORYTELLERS’ CO.
R. T. WYCHE, Pres. E. C. de VILLAVERDE, Sec’y H. D.
NEWSON, Treas.
Address, 27 West 23d Street, N. Y.
Subscription $1.00 per Year 10 cents the Copy
Copyright 1913, by The Storytellers’ Co.
And by the vision splendid is on his way attended
WORDSWORTH
The Storytellers’ Magazine
Vol. I — JUNE, 1913 — No. 1
Nimmy Nimmy Not
An English Fairy-tale
Retold from English Folk and Fairy Tales—Camelot Series
This story is built upon the lines of a perfect dramatic
unit, as set forth by Freytag in his “Technik des Dramas”—
(1) Exposition. Facts preceding the principal interest, i. e.
the girl and her mother, etc. (2) Ascending Action. The
coming of the king. The task. The development of the
plot. (3) The Climax. This is the revelation of the name by
the king, followed by the Supreme Moment which was the
revelation of the proper name to Nimmy Nimmy Not. (4)
Descending Action. The disposal of the villain through his
“shrivelling up” and “flying away.” (5) Conclusion. “Living
happy ever after.”
Joseph Jacobs in his “English Fairy Stories” gives us the
following information in regard to the story: “Unearthed
by Mr. E. Clodd, from the Suffolk Notes and Queries of the
Ipswitch Journal, and re-printed by him in Folk-Lore
Journal vii. 138-43. It has its parallels in Devonshire’s as
“Duffy and the Devil,” in Hunt’s Romances and Drolls of
the West of England, 239-47; in Scotland two variants are
given by Chambers, “In Popular Rhymes of Scotland.” It is
clearly the same as Grimm’s “Rumpelstiltskin” (No. 14).
Mr. Clodd sees in the class of name-guessing stories, a
“survival” of the superstition that to know a man’s name
gives you power over him, for which reason savages
object to tell their names. It may be necessary—to explain
to the little one, that Tom Tit can only be referred to as
“That” because his name is not known until the end.
The version of the story here given is republished by
permission from “Story Telling in School and Home,” by
Evelyn Newcombe Partridge and George Everett Partridge,
Ph. D., New York. Sturgis & Walton Co.
The illustrations for the story are reproduced from
“English Fairy Stories,” through the courtesy of the author
Joseph Jacobs and the publishers Messrs. G. P. Putnam’s
Sons, New York.
Once upon a time there was a woman, and she baked five pies.
And when she took them from the oven, she found that they had
baked so long the crusts were too hard to eat. So she said to her
daughter:
“Put you them there pies on the shelf, and by and by they’ll come
again.” She meant, you know, the crust would get soft.
The girl, she took the pies into the pantry, and she put them upon
the shelf in a long even row. She looked at them, and she thought
how good they would taste.
“Well, if them there pies’ll come again,” she said to herself, “I may
as well eat them now.”
So she ate them all, first and last!
Come supper time, the woman said:
“Go you and get one of them there pies, I dare say they’ve come
again by this time.”
The daughter she went into the pantry, and she looked at the
shelf. There were the five pie plates just as she had left them,—
empty! So she went back to her mother and she said:
“Noo, they ain’t come again.”
“Not one of them?” said the mother.
“Noo, not one of them,” says she.
“Well, come again or not come again, I’ll have one for my supper.”
And the old woman went toward the pantry.
“But you can’t have one, if they ain’t come again, mother.”
“But I can,” the woman declared. “I’ll have the best one for my
supper.”
“Best or worst,” the daughter said, “I’ve ate them all! And you
can’t have one ’til they’ve come again!”
Well, the woman, she was so astonished she forgot all about
supper. She carried her spinning to the doorway, and as she span,
she sang a little song about her daughter:
“My daughter has ate five, five pies today,
My daughter has ate five, five pies today!”
Now the king was coming down the road, and he heard the
woman singing, but he could not hear the words. So he stopped in
front of the door and said:
“My good woman, what were you singing?”
Now the old woman did not want anyone to know what a greedy
daughter she had; so she sang instead of that,
“My daughter has spun five, five skeins today.”
“Land sakes alive!” said the king, “I never heard tell of anyone’s
doing that. Now look you here, my good woman. I want a wife, and
I’ll marry your daughter. But look you here. For eleven months of the
year she shall have all the victuals she wants to eat, and all the
clothes she wants to wear, and all the company she likes to keep.
But the twelfth month, she must spin five skeins every day, or off’ll
go her head!”
“All right,” says the woman, for she thought:
“What a grand marriage this will be. And as for them there five
skeins, by that time he’ll forget all about them.”
So they were married. And for eleven months the girl had all the
victuals she wanted to eat, and she had all the clothes she wanted
to get, and she had all the company she liked to keep. But
sometimes she felt a little uneasy. Sometimes she thought of that
spinning she must do.
The king, he never said one word about the five skeins, so as the
eleven months had nearly passed, the girl thought that he had
forgotten all about it.
But one day, it was the last day of the eleventh month! The king
came to her, and he took her into a little room she had never seen
before. There was nothing in it but a spinning wheel and a little chair
and a small bare table.
“Here, my girl,” says he, “here I’ll put you tomorrow. And I’ll lock
the door. And here you must stay all day long. At night I’ll come, and
if you’ve not spun the five skeins, off’ll go your head!” And away he
went about his business.
Well, the girl was that frightened! She had always been such a
gatless creature that she didn’t even know how to spin! She sat
down on a stool and she began to cry. How she did cry!
However, all of a sudden she heard a knocking, knocking, low
down at the door. She got up and she opened the door. There stood
a little black thing, WITH A LONG BLACK TAIL. And That looked up
at her out of the corner of That’s eyes, and That says:
“What are you crying for?”
“What’s that to you?” says she.
“Never you mind, but tell me what you are crying for. Perhaps I
can help you,” the little black thing told her.
“Well, it can’t do any harm, if it doesn’t do any good,” she
thought. So she told him all about the five pies, and the five skeins
and everything.
“This is what I’ll do,” says
that little black thing, twirling
his BIG BLACK TAIL. “I’ll come
to your window every morning
and get the flax, and at night
I’ll bring it home all spun.”
“What’s your pay?” says she.
That looked at her again out
of the corner of That’s eyes.
“I’ll give you three guesses
every night to guess my name,
and if you haven’t guessed it
by the last night, you shall be
MINE!”
The girl thought that she
would be sure to guess it
before the month was up, so
she said:
“All right.”
“All right,” That says, and how That did twirl That’s tail!
Well, the next day, the king took her into the room, and there was
the flax, and the day’s supply of victuals.
“Now, my dear,” says he, “if that ain’t spun by night, off’ll go your
head.” Then he went out and locked the door behind him.
The king had no sooner gone, than a knock,—knock came at the
window. There was the little black thing sitting on the window ledge.
She gave him the flax and away he flew.
Well, at evening, the knocking came again at the window. The girl
opened it, and there stood the little black thing with the flax on his
arm, all beautifully spun.
“Here it is,” he said, as he gave it to her. “Now, what’s my name?”
“Is that Bill?” says she.
“Noo, that ain’t,” says he, and he twirled his tail.
“Is that Ned, then?”
“Noo, that ain’t.”
“Well, is that Mark, then?” she asked.
“Noo.” And That twirled That’s tail harder and away That flew.
When the king came in, there were the skeins beautifully spun.
“Well, I see, my dear, that you won’t lose your head tonight.” And
he went away and left her locked in the room.
So every day the flax and the food were brought to the girl. And
every morning the little black imp would knock at the window and
carry away the flax, and every night it would bring back the flax
spun. And every night the girl would try the three times to guess the
imp’s name, but she could never guess the right one.
At last, the last day had come. And that night when the imp
brought back the skeins, he said:
“What, ain’t you guessed my name yet?”
“Is that Nicodemas?” says she.
“Noo, that ain’t,” That says.
“Is that Samuel?”
“Noo, not that neither.” Then That looked at her with That’s eyes
like coals of fire, and That says:
“Woman, there’s only tomorrow night, and THEN YOU’LL BE
MINE!” And away That flew.
Well, the girl she felt that bad. However, she heard the king
coming along the passage. In he came, and when he saw the five
skeins, he said:
“My dear, I don’t see but you’ll have your skeins ready tomorrow
night as well, so I reckon I shall not have to kill you, and I’ll have
supper in here tonight.”
So they brought the supper in, and the two sat down to the table.
Well, he had eaten but a mouthful, when he began to laugh.
“What are you laughing at?” the girl asked him.
“Well, today when I was out in the forest, I saw the funniest
sight.... I was in a strange part where I had never been before. And
I saw an old chalk pit.... And I heard the queerest humming and
humming coming from the pit. So I got off my hobby and crept over
to the pit without making a bit of a sound. And there I saw the
strangest looking little black thing with a long, black tail. And That
was sitting at a little spinning wheel, and That was spinning so fast
that I could scarcely see the wheel. And while That span, That sang,
“Nimmy, nimmy not,
My name is Tom Tit Tot.”
“And That kept singing it over again and again.”
When the girl heard this, she was so happy that she could almost
have jumped out of her skin for joy, but she didn’t say a word.
Next day, that little black thing looked so maliceful! And when
night came she heard the knock at the window, she opened it, and
the little black thing jumped into the room. He was grinning from ear
to ear, and O! That’s tail was twirling round so fast!
“What’s my name?” That said, as That gave her the skeins.
“Is that Solomon?” said the girl, pretending to be afraid.
“Noo, that ain’t,” That said, and That came further into the room.
“Well, is that Zebedee?” says she again.
“Noo, that ain’t.” And then That laughed, and twirled That’s tail
until you could hardly see That.
“Take time, woman! The next guess AND YOU ARE MINE!” And
That stretched out That’s black hands at her.
Well, she moved back a step or two, and she looked at that little
black thing, and then she laughed out, and says she, pointing her
finger at it,
“Nimmy, nimmy not,
Your name is Tom Tit Tot.”
When that black impet heard her, That shriveled right up, and
away That flew and was never heard of again.
And the girl lived happily ever after, and the king never again
asked her to do any more spinning.
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(eBook PDF) In Mixed Company: Communicating in Small Groups and Teams 10th Edition

  • 1.
    Quick and EasyEbook Downloads – Start Now at ebookluna.com for Instant Access (eBook PDF) In Mixed Company: Communicating in Small Groups and Teams 10th Edition https://ebookluna.com/product/ebook-pdf-in-mixed-company- communicating-in-small-groups-and-teams-10th-edition/ OR CLICK BUTTON DOWLOAD EBOOK Instantly Access and Download Textbook at https://ebookluna.com
  • 3.
    2 Knowledge: Learning theRules Skills: Showing, Not Just Knowing Sensitivity: Receptive Accuracy Commitment: A Passion for Excellence Ethics: The Right and Wrong of Communication Definition of a Group Groups: More than People Standing at a Bus Stop Interpersonal Communication and Public Speaking: Ungroups Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Groups as Systems Interconnectedness of Parts Ripple Effect: A Chain Reaction Synergy: One Plus One Equals a Ton Negative Synergy: Results Beyond Bad Adaptability to a Changing Environment Dynamic Equilibrium: Managing Stability and Change Dealing with Difficult Group Members: Bad Apple Spoilage Boundary Control: Regulating Input Communication Methods of Boundary Control: Erecting Barriers Physical Barriers: Protecting Group Space Psychological Barriers: Member in Name Only Linguistic Barriers: Having to Speak the Language Rules: Permission Not Granted Roles: Staying in Bounds Networks: Controlling Information and Interaction Flow Open and Closed Systems: Setting Effective Boundaries
  • 4.
    3 Influence of Size GroupSize and Complexity Quantitative Complexity: Exponentially Complicated Complexity and Group Transactions: Size Matters An Organization: A Group of Groups Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Group Development Primary Dimensions of Groups Task and Social Dimensions: Working and Relating Building Cohesiveness: Bringing Us Together Encourage Compatible Membership Develop Shared Goals Accomplish Tasks Develop a Positive History of Cooperation Promote Acceptance of Group Members Periodic Phases of Group Development Forming: Gathering Members Reasons We Join Groups: Motivation Member Diversity: The Benefits and Challenges of Difference Storming: Feeling the Tension Primary Tension: Initial Uneasiness Secondary Tension: Later Stress and Strain Norming: Regulating the Group Types of Norms: Explicit and Implicit Sources of Norms: Without and Within the Group Degree of Conformity: Strength of Group Pressure Why We Conform: Fitting In Conditions for Conformity: When We Bow to Group Pressure
  • 5.
    4 Addressing Nonconformity: WhenGroups Get Tough Performing: Group Output Motivation to Perform: Social Loafing and Social Compensation When Groups Outperform Individuals: Three Heads Are Better Than One When Individuals Outperform Groups: No Group Magic Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Developing the Group Climate Positivity versus Negativity Negativity Bias: Agile, Funny, Smart, Friendly, but Unethical The Magic Ratio: Emphasizing the Positive Competition and Cooperation Definitions: Conceptual Clarity Competition: Winners Take All Cooperation: Winners All Individual Achievement: Going It Alone Hypercompetitiveness: Winning Is Everything Constructive Competition: Tempering Hypercompetitiveness Culture and Hypercompetitiveness: Different Values Cooperative Group Climates: Cultivating Positivity Communication and Group Climate Defensive and Supportive Communication: Shaping Climates Criticism versus Description Control versus Problem Orientation Manipulation versus Assertiveness Indifference versus Empathy Superiority versus Equality Certainty versus Provisionalism
  • 6.
    5 Incivility versus Civility Listening:Enhancing Positivity Shift Response versus Support Response: Focusing on Me or Thee Competitive Interrupting: Seizing the Floor Ambushing: Preparing Rebuttals Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Roles in Groups Influence of Roles Role Status: Playing by Hierarchical Rules Role Conflict: Torn between Two Roles Role Reversal: When Students Become Teachers Types of Roles Task Roles: Focusing on Maximum Productivity Maintenance Roles: Focusing on Cohesiveness Disruptive Roles: Focusing on Self Role Emergence Group Endorsement: Accepting a Bid Role Specialization: Settling into One’s Primary Role Role Adaptability Role Flexibility: Adapting to Context Role Fixation: Failure to Adapt Newcomers and System Disturbance Nature of the Group: The Challenge of Acceptance Group Socialization: Mutual Adaptation to Change Questions for Critical Thinkers
  • 7.
    6 7 Video Case Studies GroupLeadership Definition of Leadership Leadership and Followership: Let’s Dance Leader and Manager: Different Types of Influence Leadership Emergence How Not to Become a Leader: The Thou Shalt Nots General Emergence Pattern: Process of Elimination Additional Factors: Implicit Theories of Leadership Perspectives on Effective Leadership Traits Perspective: The Born Leader View Styles Perspective: One Style Doesn’t Fit All Situational Perspective: Matching Styles with Circumstances Distributive Leadership: Sharing Functions Ethical Leadership: Serving Group Members Culture and Leadership: Are There Universal Theories? Communication Competence Perspective: The Overarching View Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Developing Effective Teams Standard Groups versus Teams Distinctions: The Foremost Four Level of Cooperation: The Working Together Imperative Diversity of Skills: Look for Complementarity Group Identity: Operating as a Unit
  • 8.
    Time and Resources:Commitment to the Team Definition of a Team: A Special Kind of Group Team Members Team Slayers: Members’ Bad Attitudes and Bad Behavior Egocentrism: Me-Deep in Omnipotence Cynicism: Communicating a Can’t-Do Attitude Verbal/Nonverbal Abuse: Bad Behavior Kills Teams Team Builders: Choosing and Developing Team Members Experience and Problem-Solving Abilities: Core Competencies Communication Training: Developing Members’ Competence Building Teamwork Developing Team Goals: The Four Cs Clear Goals: Everyone on the Same Page Cooperative Goals: Interdependent Challenges Challenging Goals: Denting the Universe Commitment to Goals: A Passion to Succeed Developing a Team Identity: Unifying Members Symbolic Convergence: Communicating Fantasy Themes Solidarity Symbols: Unifying Nonverbally Team Talk: The Language of We Designating Roles: Room for One Quarterback Team Empowerment: Enhancing Members’ Capabilities Definition of Empowerment: Four Dimensions Hierarchical Organizations: The Enemy of Team Empowerment Self-Managing Work Teams: The IDEO Model Impediments to Team Empowerment: No Buy-In Establishing Individual Accountability: Providing Feedback Competent Team Leadership Nurturing Empowerment: A Shared Responsibility Requiring a Cooperative Environment: Killing Fear and Ego Questions for Critical Thinkers
  • 9.
    8 Video Case Studies DefectiveDecision Making and Problem Solving Information Overload Scope of the Problem: The Information Avalanche Consequences: The Downside of Information Critical Thinking Impairment: Separating Wheat from Chaff Indecisiveness: Conclusion Irresolution Inattention: Difficulty Concentrating Diminished Creativity: Thwarting Showerthoughts Coping with Information Overload: Wrestling the Beast Screen Information: Separating the Useful from the Useless Shut Down Technology: Hitting the Off Switch Become Selective: On a Need-to-Know Basis Limit the Search: When Enough Is Enough Discern Patterns: Recognizing Irrelevant Information Focus: Don’t Multitask Information Underload Mindsets: Critical Thinking Frozen Solid Confirmation Bias: One-Sided Information Searches The Problem: Poor Decisions and Solutions Combating Confirmation Bias: A Plan False Dichotomies: Either–Or Thinking Collective Inferential Error: Uncritical Thinking Prevalence of the Problem: It’s a Group Thing Sources of Inferential Errors: Distortions and Correlations Unrepresentativeness: Distorting the Facts Correlation Inferred as Causation: Covariation Error Correction: Practicing Critical Thinking Group Polarization: Extremely Uncritical Thinking
  • 10.
    9 Polarization: From Gamblingto Guarded Why Groups Polarize: Comparison and Persuasion Combating Group Polarization: Necessary Steps Groupthink: Critical Thinking in Suspended Animation Conditions: Excessive Cohesiveness and Concurrence Seeking Identification of Groupthink: Main Symptoms Overestimation of Group’s Power and Morality: Arrogance Closed-Mindedness: Clinging to Assumptions Pressures toward Uniformity: Presenting a United Front Preventing Groupthink: Promoting Vigilance Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Effective Decision Making and Problem Solving Group Discussion Functions and Procedures Phases and Functions: General Considerations Multiple Sequence Model: Phases of Decision Making Functional Perspective: Being Systematic The Standard Agenda: Structuring Group Discussion Problem Identification: What’s the Question? Problem Analysis: Causes and Effects Solution Criteria: Setting Standards Solution Suggestions: Generating Alternatives Solution Evaluation and Selection: Deciding by Criteria Solution Implementation: Follow-Through Decision-Making Rules: Majority, Minority, and Unanimity Majority Rule: Tyrannical or Practical Minority Rule: Several Types Unanimity Rule: Consensus Critical Thinking and Effective Decision Making
  • 11.
    10 Gathering Information: AccumulatingInput Evaluating Information: Countering “Truth Decay” Credibility: Is It Believable? Currency: Is It Up to Date? Relevance: Looking for Logical Connections Representativeness: Reflecting the Facts Sufficiency: When Enough Really Is Enough Participation Cultural Diversity: Is Silence Golden? Increasing Participation: Constructive Engagement Conducting Effective Meetings Group Meetings: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Responsibilities of Chairs and Members: Guiding Discussion Creative Problem Solving General Overview: The Creative Process Creative Techniques: Systematic Procedures Brainstorming and Nominal Group Techniques: Generating Lots of Ideas Framing/Reframing: It’s All in the Wording Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Power in Groups The Nature of Power Forms of Power: Dominance, Prevention, and Empowerment Communication Indicators of Power General Indicators: Defining, Following, and Inhibiting Verbal Indicators: Language Choices Nonverbal Indicators: Silent Exercise of Power
  • 12.
    Visit https://testbankfan.com now toexplore a rich collection of testbank or solution manual and enjoy exciting offers!
  • 13.
    Power Resources: TheRaw Materials of Influence Information: Good and Plenty Expertise: Information Plus Know-How Legitimate Authority: You Will Obey Rewards and Punishments: Pleasure and Pain Personal Qualities: A Powerful Persona Consequences of Power Imbalances Bias against Women and Ethnic Minorities: Leadership Gap Workplace Bullying: Blatant Aggression Power Distance: Cultural Variation General Description: Horizontal and Vertical Cultures Communication Differences: With Whom May You Communicate? Balancing Power Defiance: Digging in Your Heels Resistance: Dragging Your Feet Sluggish Effort: How Slow Can You Go? 250 Strategic Stupidity: Smart People Playing Dumb Loss of Motor Function: Conscious Carelessness The Misunderstanding Mirage: Confusion Illusion Selective Amnesia: Fake Forgetfulness Tactical Tardiness: Late by Design Purposeful Procrastination: Deliberate Delays Alliances: Forming Coalitions Developing Empowerment: Exercising Positive Power Developing Assertiveness: Neither Doormat nor Boot Wiper Increasing Personal Power Resources: Expanding Choices Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies
  • 14.
    11 Conflict Managementand Negotiation Nature of Conflict Definition: Incompatible, Interconnected Struggle Benefits of Conflict: Dissent Can Be Productive Destructive and Constructive Conflict: Differences Styles of Conflict Management Collaborating: Problem Solving Confrontation: Directly Addressing the Problem Integration: Seeking Joint Gains Smoothing: Calming Troubled Waters Accommodating: Yielding Compromising: Halving the Loaf Avoiding: Withdrawing Competing: Power-Forcing Comparing Styles: Likelihood of Success Situational Factors Types of Conflict: Task, Relationship, and Value Task Conflict: Routine or Nonroutine Relationship Conflict: It’s Personal Values Conflict: Deeply Felt Struggles Culture and Conflict: Communication Differences Negotiation Strategies Positional Bargaining: Hard and Soft Negotiating Principled Negotiation: Interest-Based Bargaining The Four Principles: Appropriate Rules Remaining Unconditionally Constructive: Sound Judgment The BATNA: Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement Anger Management Constructive and Destructive Anger: Intensity and Duration
  • 15.
    12 Managing Your OwnAnger: Taking Control Managing the Anger of Others: Communication Jujitsu Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies Virtual Groups and Social Media Technological Virtual Group Options Text Messaging: Typing Gone High Tech Audioconferencing: Voice-Only Technology Videoconferencing: Sight and Sound Benefits and Challenges of Virtual Groups Time and Space: The Death of Distance Decision Making: Quality of the Output Decision-Making Delays: Increased Frustration Social Relationships: Developing Personal Connections Power Differences: Prominence of Status Cues Conflict: Constructive and Destructive Improving Virtual Group Effectiveness General Factors: Getting Set for Success Team Identification: Connecting Media Richness: The Lean and Meaty Theory Media Synchronicity: Extending MRT Specific Suggestions: Unique Advice Choosing Media: Richness and Synchronicity Conducting Virtual Meetings: Special Challenges Questions for Critical Thinkers Video Case Studies
  • 16.
    Appendix A: GroupOral Presentations Appendix B: Critical Thinking Revisited: Arguments and Fallacies Glossary References Index
  • 17.
    Preface I am profoundlygrateful to all who have helped make In Mixed Company such a resounding success through nine editions. Despite its success, however, I have become increasingly concerned about the inflated pricing of In Mixed Company. So much so, that I have proactively changed publishers. I am thrilled to report that Oxford University Press (OUP), a not-for- profit publisher of considerable renown, is publishing this tenth edition. Publishing with OUP, coupled with the decision to significantly condense In Mixed Company, permits an astounding reduction in price. This edition is about $90 less expensive than the previous print edition’s list price, and about $125 less expensive as an e-book. With each new edition, I find it ever more challenging to make significant changes that make In Mixed Company an even better textbook for students. I have also become uncomfortably aware that, as the author, I have grown a bit too fond of my own words, hesitant to cut much detail from previous editions and to strive for greater concision. Consequently, I have energetically edited this new edition. Even though I have made major edits to refurbish In Mixed Company and to reduce its price, I have preserved the essence of previous versions. The central unifying theme, that cooperation in small groups is usually superior to competition, has been maintained. The communication competence model continues to guide discussions of key small group concepts and processes. The model is one of the communication discipline’s unique contributions to understanding and improving human behavior. It is thoroughly integrated throughout the text. Systems theory also remains as a key theoretical component of the text, providing a conceptual framework for analysis and insights. Finally, the unique focus on power in groups remains. As social psychologist Dacher Keltner (2016), author of The Power Paradox, notes, “Power defines the waking life of every human being . . . emerges instantaneously when humans interact” and “shapes our every interaction,
  • 18.
    Discovering Diverse ContentThrough Random Scribd Documents
  • 22.
    The Project GutenbergeBook of The Story Tellers' Magazine, Vol. I, No. 1, June 1913
  • 23.
    This ebook isfor the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: The Story Tellers' Magazine, Vol. I, No. 1, June 1913 Author: Various Editor: Richard Thomas Wyche Release date: November 7, 2020 [eBook #63669] Most recently updated: October 18, 2024 Language: English Credits: Produced by hekula03, Les Galloway and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was produced from images made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library.) *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY TELLERS' MAGAZINE, VOL. I, NO. 1, JUNE 1913 ***
  • 24.
    Transcriber’s Notes Obvious typographicalerrors have been silently corrected. Variations in hyphenation and all other spelling and punctuation remains unchanged. THE STORY TELLERS’ MAGAZINE VOL. I NO. 1
  • 25.
    JUNE PVBLISHED BY THESTORYTELLERS COMPANY NEW YORK
  • 26.
  • 27.
    CONTENTS Page Nimmy Nimmy Not.Retold 1 by Emelyn Newcombe Partridge and George Everett Partridge, Ph.D. The Taileypo 7 by Richard T. Wyche Johnny Cake. Retold 10 by Frank E. Spaulding and Catherine T. Bryce The Twelve Months. Retold 13 by R. T. Wyche Story Telling and Education 19 by George Everett Partridge, Ph.D. Story Telling in Boston 24 by Mary W. Cronan The Stone Lion. Retold 26 by Emelyn Newcombe Partridge and George Everett Partridge, Ph.D. The Oyster and Its Claimants 29 from La Fontaine’s Æsop’s Fables The Psycho-Therapeutic Value of Story Telling 30 by Frances E. Foote Story Telling For Mothers 32 The Beowulf Club of West Virginia University 34 by John Harrington Cox How to Organize a Story Tellers’ League 35 What the Leagues are Doing 36 Editorial 37 The Mother—The Child—The Story 39 The Great Epics—Story Hour Cycle 40 Some Recent Books 42 Bibliography 44 Story Tellers’ Leagues 51 Business Department 55
  • 28.
    Published Monthly at 27West 23d St., New York, N. Y. BY THE STORYTELLERS’ CO. R. T. WYCHE, Pres. E. C. de VILLAVERDE, Sec’y H. D. NEWSON, Treas. Address, 27 West 23d Street, N. Y. Subscription $1.00 per Year 10 cents the Copy Copyright 1913, by The Storytellers’ Co.
  • 29.
    And by thevision splendid is on his way attended WORDSWORTH
  • 30.
    The Storytellers’ Magazine Vol.I — JUNE, 1913 — No. 1
  • 31.
    Nimmy Nimmy Not AnEnglish Fairy-tale Retold from English Folk and Fairy Tales—Camelot Series This story is built upon the lines of a perfect dramatic unit, as set forth by Freytag in his “Technik des Dramas”— (1) Exposition. Facts preceding the principal interest, i. e. the girl and her mother, etc. (2) Ascending Action. The coming of the king. The task. The development of the plot. (3) The Climax. This is the revelation of the name by the king, followed by the Supreme Moment which was the revelation of the proper name to Nimmy Nimmy Not. (4) Descending Action. The disposal of the villain through his “shrivelling up” and “flying away.” (5) Conclusion. “Living happy ever after.” Joseph Jacobs in his “English Fairy Stories” gives us the following information in regard to the story: “Unearthed by Mr. E. Clodd, from the Suffolk Notes and Queries of the Ipswitch Journal, and re-printed by him in Folk-Lore Journal vii. 138-43. It has its parallels in Devonshire’s as “Duffy and the Devil,” in Hunt’s Romances and Drolls of the West of England, 239-47; in Scotland two variants are given by Chambers, “In Popular Rhymes of Scotland.” It is clearly the same as Grimm’s “Rumpelstiltskin” (No. 14). Mr. Clodd sees in the class of name-guessing stories, a “survival” of the superstition that to know a man’s name gives you power over him, for which reason savages object to tell their names. It may be necessary—to explain to the little one, that Tom Tit can only be referred to as “That” because his name is not known until the end.
  • 32.
    The version ofthe story here given is republished by permission from “Story Telling in School and Home,” by Evelyn Newcombe Partridge and George Everett Partridge, Ph. D., New York. Sturgis & Walton Co. The illustrations for the story are reproduced from “English Fairy Stories,” through the courtesy of the author Joseph Jacobs and the publishers Messrs. G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York. Once upon a time there was a woman, and she baked five pies. And when she took them from the oven, she found that they had baked so long the crusts were too hard to eat. So she said to her daughter: “Put you them there pies on the shelf, and by and by they’ll come again.” She meant, you know, the crust would get soft. The girl, she took the pies into the pantry, and she put them upon the shelf in a long even row. She looked at them, and she thought how good they would taste. “Well, if them there pies’ll come again,” she said to herself, “I may as well eat them now.” So she ate them all, first and last! Come supper time, the woman said: “Go you and get one of them there pies, I dare say they’ve come again by this time.” The daughter she went into the pantry, and she looked at the shelf. There were the five pie plates just as she had left them,— empty! So she went back to her mother and she said: “Noo, they ain’t come again.” “Not one of them?” said the mother. “Noo, not one of them,” says she.
  • 33.
    “Well, come againor not come again, I’ll have one for my supper.” And the old woman went toward the pantry. “But you can’t have one, if they ain’t come again, mother.” “But I can,” the woman declared. “I’ll have the best one for my supper.” “Best or worst,” the daughter said, “I’ve ate them all! And you can’t have one ’til they’ve come again!” Well, the woman, she was so astonished she forgot all about supper. She carried her spinning to the doorway, and as she span, she sang a little song about her daughter: “My daughter has ate five, five pies today, My daughter has ate five, five pies today!” Now the king was coming down the road, and he heard the woman singing, but he could not hear the words. So he stopped in front of the door and said: “My good woman, what were you singing?” Now the old woman did not want anyone to know what a greedy daughter she had; so she sang instead of that, “My daughter has spun five, five skeins today.” “Land sakes alive!” said the king, “I never heard tell of anyone’s doing that. Now look you here, my good woman. I want a wife, and I’ll marry your daughter. But look you here. For eleven months of the year she shall have all the victuals she wants to eat, and all the clothes she wants to wear, and all the company she likes to keep. But the twelfth month, she must spin five skeins every day, or off’ll go her head!” “All right,” says the woman, for she thought:
  • 34.
    “What a grandmarriage this will be. And as for them there five skeins, by that time he’ll forget all about them.” So they were married. And for eleven months the girl had all the victuals she wanted to eat, and she had all the clothes she wanted to get, and she had all the company she liked to keep. But sometimes she felt a little uneasy. Sometimes she thought of that spinning she must do. The king, he never said one word about the five skeins, so as the eleven months had nearly passed, the girl thought that he had forgotten all about it. But one day, it was the last day of the eleventh month! The king came to her, and he took her into a little room she had never seen before. There was nothing in it but a spinning wheel and a little chair and a small bare table. “Here, my girl,” says he, “here I’ll put you tomorrow. And I’ll lock the door. And here you must stay all day long. At night I’ll come, and if you’ve not spun the five skeins, off’ll go your head!” And away he went about his business. Well, the girl was that frightened! She had always been such a gatless creature that she didn’t even know how to spin! She sat down on a stool and she began to cry. How she did cry! However, all of a sudden she heard a knocking, knocking, low down at the door. She got up and she opened the door. There stood a little black thing, WITH A LONG BLACK TAIL. And That looked up at her out of the corner of That’s eyes, and That says: “What are you crying for?” “What’s that to you?” says she. “Never you mind, but tell me what you are crying for. Perhaps I can help you,” the little black thing told her. “Well, it can’t do any harm, if it doesn’t do any good,” she thought. So she told him all about the five pies, and the five skeins
  • 35.
    and everything. “This iswhat I’ll do,” says that little black thing, twirling his BIG BLACK TAIL. “I’ll come to your window every morning and get the flax, and at night I’ll bring it home all spun.” “What’s your pay?” says she. That looked at her again out of the corner of That’s eyes. “I’ll give you three guesses every night to guess my name, and if you haven’t guessed it by the last night, you shall be MINE!” The girl thought that she would be sure to guess it before the month was up, so she said: “All right.” “All right,” That says, and how That did twirl That’s tail! Well, the next day, the king took her into the room, and there was the flax, and the day’s supply of victuals. “Now, my dear,” says he, “if that ain’t spun by night, off’ll go your head.” Then he went out and locked the door behind him. The king had no sooner gone, than a knock,—knock came at the window. There was the little black thing sitting on the window ledge. She gave him the flax and away he flew. Well, at evening, the knocking came again at the window. The girl opened it, and there stood the little black thing with the flax on his arm, all beautifully spun.
  • 36.
    “Here it is,”he said, as he gave it to her. “Now, what’s my name?” “Is that Bill?” says she. “Noo, that ain’t,” says he, and he twirled his tail. “Is that Ned, then?” “Noo, that ain’t.” “Well, is that Mark, then?” she asked. “Noo.” And That twirled That’s tail harder and away That flew. When the king came in, there were the skeins beautifully spun. “Well, I see, my dear, that you won’t lose your head tonight.” And he went away and left her locked in the room. So every day the flax and the food were brought to the girl. And every morning the little black imp would knock at the window and carry away the flax, and every night it would bring back the flax spun. And every night the girl would try the three times to guess the imp’s name, but she could never guess the right one. At last, the last day had come. And that night when the imp brought back the skeins, he said: “What, ain’t you guessed my name yet?” “Is that Nicodemas?” says she. “Noo, that ain’t,” That says. “Is that Samuel?” “Noo, not that neither.” Then That looked at her with That’s eyes like coals of fire, and That says: “Woman, there’s only tomorrow night, and THEN YOU’LL BE MINE!” And away That flew. Well, the girl she felt that bad. However, she heard the king coming along the passage. In he came, and when he saw the five skeins, he said:
  • 37.
    “My dear, Idon’t see but you’ll have your skeins ready tomorrow night as well, so I reckon I shall not have to kill you, and I’ll have supper in here tonight.” So they brought the supper in, and the two sat down to the table. Well, he had eaten but a mouthful, when he began to laugh. “What are you laughing at?” the girl asked him. “Well, today when I was out in the forest, I saw the funniest sight.... I was in a strange part where I had never been before. And I saw an old chalk pit.... And I heard the queerest humming and humming coming from the pit. So I got off my hobby and crept over to the pit without making a bit of a sound. And there I saw the strangest looking little black thing with a long, black tail. And That was sitting at a little spinning wheel, and That was spinning so fast that I could scarcely see the wheel. And while That span, That sang, “Nimmy, nimmy not, My name is Tom Tit Tot.” “And That kept singing it over again and again.” When the girl heard this, she was so happy that she could almost have jumped out of her skin for joy, but she didn’t say a word. Next day, that little black thing looked so maliceful! And when night came she heard the knock at the window, she opened it, and the little black thing jumped into the room. He was grinning from ear to ear, and O! That’s tail was twirling round so fast! “What’s my name?” That said, as That gave her the skeins. “Is that Solomon?” said the girl, pretending to be afraid. “Noo, that ain’t,” That said, and That came further into the room. “Well, is that Zebedee?” says she again.
  • 38.
    “Noo, that ain’t.”And then That laughed, and twirled That’s tail until you could hardly see That. “Take time, woman! The next guess AND YOU ARE MINE!” And That stretched out That’s black hands at her. Well, she moved back a step or two, and she looked at that little black thing, and then she laughed out, and says she, pointing her finger at it, “Nimmy, nimmy not, Your name is Tom Tit Tot.” When that black impet heard her, That shriveled right up, and away That flew and was never heard of again.
  • 39.
    And the girllived happily ever after, and the king never again asked her to do any more spinning.
  • 40.
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