Dowry practices vary widely around the world. In many South Asian countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal, dowry-related violence remains a serious problem. Dowry traditionally involved gifts from the bride's family to the groom's family during or after marriage. While dowry was meant to provide financial security for the bride, it now contributes to domestic violence and deaths. India reports over 8,000 dowry deaths annually. Pakistan has over 2,000 dowry deaths per year. While laws against dowry exist, enforcement remains a challenge. Religions differ in their perspectives on dowry. Controlling the dowry system requires efforts like education, media awareness, and discouraging dowry-linked marriages.
This document discusses dowry practices in Bangladeshi culture. It defines dowry as money or property that a bride's family pays to the groom's family during marriage. The main causes of dowry cited are poverty, illiteracy, narrow mentalities, negative attitudes toward women, lack of women's education, and women's dependency. While dowry still exists today, its function has changed to an unspoken expectation used in marriage negotiations. Paying dowry places financial burdens on low-income families and can lead to disputes, abuse, and death if demands are not met. Steps suggested to reduce dowry include educating women, refusing demands, changing social attitudes, and making legal actions against dowry practices.
The document discusses various problems faced by women, including: lack of education opportunities which limits prospects; eve teasing or harassment; the dowry system which oppresses women and leads to abuse; high unemployment rates among women; gender inequality resulting in women lagging behind men in many areas; female feticide due to son preference; sexual assault and violence against women occurring worldwide; and trafficking which exploits over 70% of victims who are women and girls. Rural women face additional challenges compared to urban women. While laws exist, many of these problems remain ongoing issues impacting women's empowerment and equality globally.
This document discusses dowry as a social problem in India. It defines dowry as money, property or gifts given to the bride's family from the groom's family. The practice leads to dowry-related deaths where women are abused and killed by their in-laws for not meeting dowry demands. While dowry is not part of Islam, it was practiced by some Muslim communities. The document outlines India's Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961 which made giving or taking dowry illegal. It concludes by calling for stricter laws and changing social attitudes to end the mistreatment of women over dowry.
Manjeet Kumar presents on the dowry system in India and other countries. Dowry refers to the transfer of parental property when a daughter gets married, such as cash, metals, land, gifts or cars. Dowry has grown to become a social evil due to pressures on parents to raise female children, leading to female infanticide. The Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961 made giving or taking dowry illegal. Today, dowry hides behind "gifts" for the groom but is still negotiated before marriages. While some refuse dowry, numbers of dowry deaths have been increasing, so India has yet to overcome this system.
Dowry is an ugly truth of our society. It is not only demanded in rural parts of the country but in the urban parts as well. It is presented in the form of gifts to the members of the extended family.
Dowry is the payment of cash and gifts from the bride's family to the groom's family during an Indian wedding. The practice places a large financial burden on brides' families and has contributed to issues like sex selection and domestic violence against women. While traditionally more common in northern India, dowry has now spread across the country. Indian law prohibits dowry and imposes penalties for demanding or accepting dowry payments. However, enforcement remains a challenge.
Dowry practices vary widely around the world. In many South Asian countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal, dowry-related violence remains a serious problem. Dowry traditionally involved gifts from the bride's family to the groom's family during or after marriage. While dowry was meant to provide financial security for the bride, it now contributes to domestic violence and deaths. India reports over 8,000 dowry deaths annually. Pakistan has over 2,000 dowry deaths per year. While laws against dowry exist, enforcement remains a challenge. Religions differ in their perspectives on dowry. Controlling the dowry system requires efforts like education, media awareness, and discouraging dowry-linked marriages.
This document discusses dowry practices in Bangladeshi culture. It defines dowry as money or property that a bride's family pays to the groom's family during marriage. The main causes of dowry cited are poverty, illiteracy, narrow mentalities, negative attitudes toward women, lack of women's education, and women's dependency. While dowry still exists today, its function has changed to an unspoken expectation used in marriage negotiations. Paying dowry places financial burdens on low-income families and can lead to disputes, abuse, and death if demands are not met. Steps suggested to reduce dowry include educating women, refusing demands, changing social attitudes, and making legal actions against dowry practices.
The document discusses various problems faced by women, including: lack of education opportunities which limits prospects; eve teasing or harassment; the dowry system which oppresses women and leads to abuse; high unemployment rates among women; gender inequality resulting in women lagging behind men in many areas; female feticide due to son preference; sexual assault and violence against women occurring worldwide; and trafficking which exploits over 70% of victims who are women and girls. Rural women face additional challenges compared to urban women. While laws exist, many of these problems remain ongoing issues impacting women's empowerment and equality globally.
This document discusses dowry as a social problem in India. It defines dowry as money, property or gifts given to the bride's family from the groom's family. The practice leads to dowry-related deaths where women are abused and killed by their in-laws for not meeting dowry demands. While dowry is not part of Islam, it was practiced by some Muslim communities. The document outlines India's Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961 which made giving or taking dowry illegal. It concludes by calling for stricter laws and changing social attitudes to end the mistreatment of women over dowry.
Manjeet Kumar presents on the dowry system in India and other countries. Dowry refers to the transfer of parental property when a daughter gets married, such as cash, metals, land, gifts or cars. Dowry has grown to become a social evil due to pressures on parents to raise female children, leading to female infanticide. The Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961 made giving or taking dowry illegal. Today, dowry hides behind "gifts" for the groom but is still negotiated before marriages. While some refuse dowry, numbers of dowry deaths have been increasing, so India has yet to overcome this system.
Dowry is an ugly truth of our society. It is not only demanded in rural parts of the country but in the urban parts as well. It is presented in the form of gifts to the members of the extended family.
Dowry is the payment of cash and gifts from the bride's family to the groom's family during an Indian wedding. The practice places a large financial burden on brides' families and has contributed to issues like sex selection and domestic violence against women. While traditionally more common in northern India, dowry has now spread across the country. Indian law prohibits dowry and imposes penalties for demanding or accepting dowry payments. However, enforcement remains a challenge.
The document discusses the status and treatment of women in India throughout history. It notes that while women had equal status with men in ancient times, their status deteriorated during the medieval period with practices like child marriage and sati becoming common. In modern India, women have achieved high political positions but still face many issues including crimes like acid attacks, dowry demands, child marriage, domestic violence, and sexual harassment. The document outlines some of the historical practices affecting women and ongoing concerns regarding their health, safety, and well-being.
Gender Discrimination & Women Empowermentsachin tiwari
This presentation is about women empowerment & gender discrimination. Here, I have added a lot of facts & figures.
I have tried to highlight all the problems & hurdles regarding this problem and also suggested some ideas that can overcome all these problems.
This document discusses violence against women in India. It begins with an introduction noting that women have long faced humiliation, torture and exploitation in Indian society. It then defines different types of violence according to various scholars and organizations. The main types of violence discussed include criminal violence, domestic violence, social violence, rape, dowry deaths, sexual abuse, female foeticide, and honor killings. Causes of violence against women are discussed at the individual, relationship, institutional and societal levels. The consequences of violence impact victims as well as their families and society as a whole.
This document discusses dowry systems in Bangladesh and globally. It begins by outlining the objectives and challenges of eradicating dowry systems and related violence. A survey found that 51% of those involved in dowry systems are middle class. Causes of dowry include lack of education, poverty, and tradition, while consequences are violence, abuse, disability, and death. Dowry systems impact individuals, families, communities, and the nation through cycles of violence. The government has implemented laws against dowry and support systems for victims, but more remains to be done to reform attitudes, enforce laws strictly, and support women's empowerment. Dowry transactions exist worldwide in various forms, and stories like Ershad Ali's show
“The day a woman can walk freely on the roads at night, that day we can say that India has achieved independence.”
--Mahatma Gandhi
This slide describes about the position where a woman used to stand or stands in the current era or even in the days of vintage and the struggles a woman faces in her day to day life.
This document discusses divorce, defining it as the dissolution of a marital tie. It identifies several causes of divorce, including stress on the nuclear family, changing gender roles, lack of romantic love, and economic independence of women. Consequences include broken family ties, social disorganization, and individual issues. The document recommends several remedial measures such as education on selecting marriage partners, family counseling, and support after divorce.
The document discusses domestic violence, including its definition, types, causes, effects, statistics, prevention, and solutions. It defines domestic violence as behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other, whether married or not. The types of domestic violence include physical, emotional, isolation, intimidation, economic, and sexual abuse. Causes include environment, poor self-esteem, and drug and alcohol abuse. Effects involve low self-esteem, depression, suicide, sleep disruption, and inability to trust. Prevention involves ending the violence, reporting it, filing charges, documenting abuse, and seeking support.
The document discusses the issue of dowry and dowry-related suicide in India. It begins by defining dowry and tracing the origins and history of the dowry system in India. It then examines the causes of dowry, including poverty, illiteracy, the view of women, and social status. The document outlines the negative effects of dowry on parents, girls, married women, and society. These include female infanticide, domestic violence, dowry deaths, and suicide. Statistics on dowry-related crimes and cases are provided. The document concludes by discussing laws enacted to prohibit dowry but notes their ineffectiveness and loopholes, as well as the ongoing problems with curbing the dowry system.
This document discusses gender inequalities in employment and empowerment. It provides information on how historical imbalances have undermined women's equality through lack of rights to own land, access credit, education and fair wages. While women's rights and participation are increasing in some countries, large gaps remain globally. For example, only 20% of world parliament members are women on average. The document also discusses issues like honor killings, female genital mutilation, and other forms of violence predominantly affecting women.
The document discusses violence against women in India. It defines gender-based violence and outlines various forms such as domestic, sexual, physical, cultural, religious, and socio-economic violence. It also examines the situation of violence against women in India, including gender discrimination, caste discrimination, and impacts of economic policies. The document analyzes the effects of family violence on women's lives and children. It provides statistics on violence against women in India from sources like NFHS and NCRB. It discusses laws and initiatives to protect women from domestic violence.
The document discusses the status of women in India from ancient times to the present. It begins by noting that women had equal status with men in ancient India and held prominent positions, but their status deteriorated during the medieval period with the rise of practices like sati and child marriage. While women excelled in some fields, gender inequality increased under British colonial rule and the introduction of practices like purdah. Reformers in the 19th century worked to improve conditions for women. The document then outlines continuing issues related to health, education, employment, and violence facing women in India today despite constitutional guarantees of equality and women's advancement in some areas.
This document discusses dowry in Bangladeshi culture. It provides a list of group members studying the issue and introduces dowry as an unpleasant custom where the bride's family is expected to provide cash, goods, or property to the groom's family. The document outlines the negative effects of dowry, including women committing suicide or facing abuse due to inability to pay, as well as economic and social impacts. It examines causes such as poverty, illiteracy, and viewing women as a burden. Laws against dowry in Bangladesh are mentioned, as well as Islam's perspective on prohibiting demanding and exploitation related to dowry.
This document provides an overview of the history and current state of dowry practices in India. It begins with a brief history noting that dowry originated as a way to provide for brides but has now become a serious social and financial burden. It defines dowry as cash, gifts, and property given to the groom's family along with the bride at the time of marriage. The document discusses how dowry demands have increased over time and are now often a prerequisite for marriage negotiations. It also outlines some of the historical marriage customs from the Vedic period when modest voluntary gifts were given but did not have coercive expectations as dowry demands do today.
Domestic violence often stems from one partner's need to control the other due to issues like low self-esteem, jealousy, anger issues, or feeling inferior. Some men believe they have the right to control women. In 1983, India recognized domestic violence as a specific criminal offense by adding Section 498-A to the Indian Penal Code, making domestic violence a punishable crime.
Divorce is the legal termination of a marital union and dissolution of legal responsibilities between married partners. It can be a stressful experience affecting finances, living arrangements, parenting, and children's development. Common reasons for divorce include lack of communication, finances, trust issues, unmet expectations, and abuse. There are two main approaches to divorce - fault-based requiring proof of wrongdoing, and no-fault not requiring this. Types of divorce include contested, at-fault, no-fault, uncontested, and summary divorces for short-term marriages with agreement on issues. Mediation and collaborative approaches also exist. Polygamy can impact divorce through economic, satisfaction, and childlessness factors in countries where it is permitted
The initial role of dowry was to financially provide for the bride because she was moving into a joint family with the groom.
Women were not allowed to work and earn a living outside of the home, so dowry was suppose to serve as her income and her contribution to the home.
This document defines and discusses various forms of violence against women, including physical, emotional, sexual, and societal oppression. It notes that violence against women is a means for exerting power and control. At-risk groups include women of color, immigrants, LGBT women, poor women, and women with disabilities. Forms of violence covered include domestic violence, sexual assault, rape, stalking, sexual harassment, and child sexual abuse. Resources for support and reporting are provided.
This document discusses gender discrimination in India. It begins by defining gender discrimination as discrimination based on gender that often negatively impacts opportunities for girls and women. It then notes that while the Indian constitution grants equal rights to men and women, gender disparities still exist in Indian society. Some areas where gender discrimination is seen include preferences for male children, unequal access to education with female literacy rates lagging behind males, and a gender pay gap where on average women earn only about 75% of what men earn. The document explores some of the causes of the gender pay gap such as occupational segregation into lower-paying jobs and sectors for women, less investment in education and training for women, and social norms that view women as future homemakers
The document discusses the history and current state of the dowry system in India. It traces the origins of dowry from ancient Hindu traditions where gifts were voluntarily exchanged between families, to the modern system where dowry demands have escalated and led to increasing crimes against women. While anti-dowry laws have been passed, dowry demands and related crimes continue to rise in India. Both stricter enforcement of laws and social change are needed to effectively address this issue.
This document discusses gender inequality and discrimination against women in India. It begins by noting that while women are worshipped in religious beliefs, they are still exploited in society which demonstrates double standards. It then defines gender and sex, explaining that gender is a social construct that places men in superior positions to women. The root cause of gender inequality in India is identified as the patriarchal system which is reinforced by religious beliefs and positions women as subordinate to men. Poverty and lack of education also contribute to women's low status and unequal treatment. The document concludes that true change requires transforming societal mindsets and empowering women through education, careers, property ownership, and freedom of choice.
The document discusses the issue of dowry system in Bangladesh. It provides details on:
1) The origin and forms of dowry practices, including gifts/money given from bride's family to groom's family before or during marriage.
2) The social factors that contribute to the continuation of dowry system in Bangladesh such as ensuring bride's financial security, unemployment, and imbalance in gender ratios.
3) The negative consequences of dowry practices, including domestic violence, dowry deaths, and female feticide. Statistics from Bangladesh show rising number of dowry-related incidents over the years.
4) Efforts by the government to control dowry through laws and prevention campaigns, but the system
Dowry is an un-Islamic practice that originated in Hindu communities as a wedding gift from the bride's family to the groom's. In Pakistan, it is called jahez and involves excessive demands for cash and goods from the bride's family by the groom and his family. This practice leads to torture and even death of women if the demands are not met, as seen in the examples of Sakina and Khalida. Pakistan has high reported rates of dowry-related deaths but existing laws have not been effectively enforced to eliminate this harmful tradition. While most people agree that dowry should end, there are mixed views on legally banning it and on its role in female infanticide.
The document discusses the status and treatment of women in India throughout history. It notes that while women had equal status with men in ancient times, their status deteriorated during the medieval period with practices like child marriage and sati becoming common. In modern India, women have achieved high political positions but still face many issues including crimes like acid attacks, dowry demands, child marriage, domestic violence, and sexual harassment. The document outlines some of the historical practices affecting women and ongoing concerns regarding their health, safety, and well-being.
Gender Discrimination & Women Empowermentsachin tiwari
This presentation is about women empowerment & gender discrimination. Here, I have added a lot of facts & figures.
I have tried to highlight all the problems & hurdles regarding this problem and also suggested some ideas that can overcome all these problems.
This document discusses violence against women in India. It begins with an introduction noting that women have long faced humiliation, torture and exploitation in Indian society. It then defines different types of violence according to various scholars and organizations. The main types of violence discussed include criminal violence, domestic violence, social violence, rape, dowry deaths, sexual abuse, female foeticide, and honor killings. Causes of violence against women are discussed at the individual, relationship, institutional and societal levels. The consequences of violence impact victims as well as their families and society as a whole.
This document discusses dowry systems in Bangladesh and globally. It begins by outlining the objectives and challenges of eradicating dowry systems and related violence. A survey found that 51% of those involved in dowry systems are middle class. Causes of dowry include lack of education, poverty, and tradition, while consequences are violence, abuse, disability, and death. Dowry systems impact individuals, families, communities, and the nation through cycles of violence. The government has implemented laws against dowry and support systems for victims, but more remains to be done to reform attitudes, enforce laws strictly, and support women's empowerment. Dowry transactions exist worldwide in various forms, and stories like Ershad Ali's show
“The day a woman can walk freely on the roads at night, that day we can say that India has achieved independence.”
--Mahatma Gandhi
This slide describes about the position where a woman used to stand or stands in the current era or even in the days of vintage and the struggles a woman faces in her day to day life.
This document discusses divorce, defining it as the dissolution of a marital tie. It identifies several causes of divorce, including stress on the nuclear family, changing gender roles, lack of romantic love, and economic independence of women. Consequences include broken family ties, social disorganization, and individual issues. The document recommends several remedial measures such as education on selecting marriage partners, family counseling, and support after divorce.
The document discusses domestic violence, including its definition, types, causes, effects, statistics, prevention, and solutions. It defines domestic violence as behaviors used by one person in a relationship to control the other, whether married or not. The types of domestic violence include physical, emotional, isolation, intimidation, economic, and sexual abuse. Causes include environment, poor self-esteem, and drug and alcohol abuse. Effects involve low self-esteem, depression, suicide, sleep disruption, and inability to trust. Prevention involves ending the violence, reporting it, filing charges, documenting abuse, and seeking support.
The document discusses the issue of dowry and dowry-related suicide in India. It begins by defining dowry and tracing the origins and history of the dowry system in India. It then examines the causes of dowry, including poverty, illiteracy, the view of women, and social status. The document outlines the negative effects of dowry on parents, girls, married women, and society. These include female infanticide, domestic violence, dowry deaths, and suicide. Statistics on dowry-related crimes and cases are provided. The document concludes by discussing laws enacted to prohibit dowry but notes their ineffectiveness and loopholes, as well as the ongoing problems with curbing the dowry system.
This document discusses gender inequalities in employment and empowerment. It provides information on how historical imbalances have undermined women's equality through lack of rights to own land, access credit, education and fair wages. While women's rights and participation are increasing in some countries, large gaps remain globally. For example, only 20% of world parliament members are women on average. The document also discusses issues like honor killings, female genital mutilation, and other forms of violence predominantly affecting women.
The document discusses violence against women in India. It defines gender-based violence and outlines various forms such as domestic, sexual, physical, cultural, religious, and socio-economic violence. It also examines the situation of violence against women in India, including gender discrimination, caste discrimination, and impacts of economic policies. The document analyzes the effects of family violence on women's lives and children. It provides statistics on violence against women in India from sources like NFHS and NCRB. It discusses laws and initiatives to protect women from domestic violence.
The document discusses the status of women in India from ancient times to the present. It begins by noting that women had equal status with men in ancient India and held prominent positions, but their status deteriorated during the medieval period with the rise of practices like sati and child marriage. While women excelled in some fields, gender inequality increased under British colonial rule and the introduction of practices like purdah. Reformers in the 19th century worked to improve conditions for women. The document then outlines continuing issues related to health, education, employment, and violence facing women in India today despite constitutional guarantees of equality and women's advancement in some areas.
This document discusses dowry in Bangladeshi culture. It provides a list of group members studying the issue and introduces dowry as an unpleasant custom where the bride's family is expected to provide cash, goods, or property to the groom's family. The document outlines the negative effects of dowry, including women committing suicide or facing abuse due to inability to pay, as well as economic and social impacts. It examines causes such as poverty, illiteracy, and viewing women as a burden. Laws against dowry in Bangladesh are mentioned, as well as Islam's perspective on prohibiting demanding and exploitation related to dowry.
This document provides an overview of the history and current state of dowry practices in India. It begins with a brief history noting that dowry originated as a way to provide for brides but has now become a serious social and financial burden. It defines dowry as cash, gifts, and property given to the groom's family along with the bride at the time of marriage. The document discusses how dowry demands have increased over time and are now often a prerequisite for marriage negotiations. It also outlines some of the historical marriage customs from the Vedic period when modest voluntary gifts were given but did not have coercive expectations as dowry demands do today.
Domestic violence often stems from one partner's need to control the other due to issues like low self-esteem, jealousy, anger issues, or feeling inferior. Some men believe they have the right to control women. In 1983, India recognized domestic violence as a specific criminal offense by adding Section 498-A to the Indian Penal Code, making domestic violence a punishable crime.
Divorce is the legal termination of a marital union and dissolution of legal responsibilities between married partners. It can be a stressful experience affecting finances, living arrangements, parenting, and children's development. Common reasons for divorce include lack of communication, finances, trust issues, unmet expectations, and abuse. There are two main approaches to divorce - fault-based requiring proof of wrongdoing, and no-fault not requiring this. Types of divorce include contested, at-fault, no-fault, uncontested, and summary divorces for short-term marriages with agreement on issues. Mediation and collaborative approaches also exist. Polygamy can impact divorce through economic, satisfaction, and childlessness factors in countries where it is permitted
The initial role of dowry was to financially provide for the bride because she was moving into a joint family with the groom.
Women were not allowed to work and earn a living outside of the home, so dowry was suppose to serve as her income and her contribution to the home.
This document defines and discusses various forms of violence against women, including physical, emotional, sexual, and societal oppression. It notes that violence against women is a means for exerting power and control. At-risk groups include women of color, immigrants, LGBT women, poor women, and women with disabilities. Forms of violence covered include domestic violence, sexual assault, rape, stalking, sexual harassment, and child sexual abuse. Resources for support and reporting are provided.
This document discusses gender discrimination in India. It begins by defining gender discrimination as discrimination based on gender that often negatively impacts opportunities for girls and women. It then notes that while the Indian constitution grants equal rights to men and women, gender disparities still exist in Indian society. Some areas where gender discrimination is seen include preferences for male children, unequal access to education with female literacy rates lagging behind males, and a gender pay gap where on average women earn only about 75% of what men earn. The document explores some of the causes of the gender pay gap such as occupational segregation into lower-paying jobs and sectors for women, less investment in education and training for women, and social norms that view women as future homemakers
The document discusses the history and current state of the dowry system in India. It traces the origins of dowry from ancient Hindu traditions where gifts were voluntarily exchanged between families, to the modern system where dowry demands have escalated and led to increasing crimes against women. While anti-dowry laws have been passed, dowry demands and related crimes continue to rise in India. Both stricter enforcement of laws and social change are needed to effectively address this issue.
This document discusses gender inequality and discrimination against women in India. It begins by noting that while women are worshipped in religious beliefs, they are still exploited in society which demonstrates double standards. It then defines gender and sex, explaining that gender is a social construct that places men in superior positions to women. The root cause of gender inequality in India is identified as the patriarchal system which is reinforced by religious beliefs and positions women as subordinate to men. Poverty and lack of education also contribute to women's low status and unequal treatment. The document concludes that true change requires transforming societal mindsets and empowering women through education, careers, property ownership, and freedom of choice.
The document discusses the issue of dowry system in Bangladesh. It provides details on:
1) The origin and forms of dowry practices, including gifts/money given from bride's family to groom's family before or during marriage.
2) The social factors that contribute to the continuation of dowry system in Bangladesh such as ensuring bride's financial security, unemployment, and imbalance in gender ratios.
3) The negative consequences of dowry practices, including domestic violence, dowry deaths, and female feticide. Statistics from Bangladesh show rising number of dowry-related incidents over the years.
4) Efforts by the government to control dowry through laws and prevention campaigns, but the system
Dowry is an un-Islamic practice that originated in Hindu communities as a wedding gift from the bride's family to the groom's. In Pakistan, it is called jahez and involves excessive demands for cash and goods from the bride's family by the groom and his family. This practice leads to torture and even death of women if the demands are not met, as seen in the examples of Sakina and Khalida. Pakistan has high reported rates of dowry-related deaths but existing laws have not been effectively enforced to eliminate this harmful tradition. While most people agree that dowry should end, there are mixed views on legally banning it and on its role in female infanticide.
The document summarizes the key points of the Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961 in India. It begins with defining dowry and explaining its historical context in India. It then outlines the main provisions of the Act, including prohibiting the giving or taking of dowry (Section 3), penalizing demanding dowry (Section 4), making dowry agreements void (Section 5), and requiring dowry be transferred to the woman (Section 6). It also discusses provisions around cognizance of offenses (Section 7) and the burden of proof (Section 8A). The document provides an overview of the Act's goal of prohibiting the harmful dowry system in India.
What is marriage? Know how it is in the Philippines and on different cultures. This ppt also includes information about wedding rituals of different countries and of different religions. It also includes a list of the different types of marriages.
This document discusses the negative effects of dowry practices in Bangladeshi society. It begins by defining dowry as cash, property, or gifts that the bride's family provides to the groom's family upon marriage. Women often face abuse if dowry demands are not met. Dowry practices have severe social, economic, and legal consequences, including gender imbalance, higher poverty rates, domestic violence, and loss of status and self-esteem for women. While dowry has been illegal in Bangladesh for decades, it remains deeply entrenched in society and continues to negatively impact women.
This document discusses gender issues related to dowry practices in Indian society. It begins by defining dowry as a payment made by the bride or her family to the groom or his family during marriage. The document then explores the origins and features of the dowry system, including how it asserts the inferior social standing of women. It outlines the causes that perpetuate dowry practices and their negative effects, including injustice, violence against women, and gender inequality. Finally, it discusses measures that have been taken through law and social awareness campaigns to eradicate the dowry system and empower women, including education and self-dependence.
Child marriages or underage marriage has become a global tragedy in this decade. Each year , 15 million girls are married before age of 18. That is 28 girls in every minute and 1 in every 2 seconds. Lets create awareness against child marriages and together will make a difference.
The document discusses marriage, families, and recent changes in mate selection in India. It describes marriage as a socially recognized union that establishes rights and obligations between spouses. It outlines various forms of marriage like monogamy, polygamy, and norms around selecting partners. Indian families have traditionally been joint or extended, but are becoming more nuclear. Legislation has changed practices around things like dowry, child marriage, widow remarriage, and divorce. Selection of partners is becoming less restricted by caste and more influenced by individual choice.
This is our report for Anthropology 1 and our Topic was Marriage
Marriage: definition, Types of marriage (how does one marry), economic aspects of marriage, theories on incest tabboo, Whom Should One marry?, Family
Child marriage, especially of girls, is still widely practiced in parts of India despite being illegal. Nearly half of Indian girls are married before 18 and 18% before 15. Child marriage most prevalent in rural areas and negatively impacts girls' health, education, and increases domestic violence risks. Recent programs provide cash incentives for families to delay marriages past 18 in hopes of reducing rates and improving outcomes for girls.
Group 4 presented on the topic of dowry system in Pakistan. They defined dowry as gifts given by parents at marriage that was originally a symbol of love but has changed over time. They discussed forms of dowry like cash, jewelry, land, etc. and explained that dowry originated in India and was brought to Pakistan. While not part of Islam, Islam does not forbid gifts for marriage but exploitation is not allowed. Causes and effects of dowry like domestic violence and suicide were covered. Solutions presented included education, changing mindsets, strict laws, and following Islamic rules on marriage expenses.
The document discusses the dowry system in Pakistan. Dowry refers to cash or gifts that the bride's family provides to the groom's family along with the bride at the time of marriage. While dowry was originally intended to provide financial security to the bride, it now places a heavy financial burden on families. Despite anti-dowry laws, the practice of dowry remains widespread in Pakistan.
Indian Ways for Dating, Marriage and FamilySam Wais
1) In India, marriage is traditionally arranged by parents and viewed as a union between families rather than just two individuals. Factors like religion, caste, and astrological compatibility are heavily considered in arranging marriages.
2) While arranged, Indian couples are still able to choose whether to accept the arrangement after an engagement period where they can meet and get to know each other. This engagement period functions similarly to dating.
3) The traditions and roles around marriage in India are gradually changing, though arranged marriages remain common and cultural norms still emphasize family, commitment, and respect between genders within marriage.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the complex social and cultural practice of dowry in India. Dowry is a payment of cash or valuable gifts from the bride’s family to the bridegroom upon marriage. Dowry is one of social evils which India needs to fight and eradicate totally. The paper argues that this menace of Dowry has become a social menace in modern India leading to the oppression on women, physical violence on the bride, causing a financial and emotional stress on the parents of the bride, marital conflict and so on. At the present, the practice of giving dowry is widespread and deep-rooted in the Indian society. Paying dowry at the time of marriage is almost considered to be universal rule and dowry demands are rising.
The document discusses the social issue of dowry in India. It defines dowry as gifts given to the bride's family at the time of marriage, but notes that dowry has now become a social evil. It discusses laws enacted to prohibit dowry, including sections 304B and 498B of the Indian Penal Code, as well as the Dowry Prohibition Act of 1976. However, dowry deaths continue to number in the hundreds each year despite these laws. The document analyzes causes of the dowry system such as poverty, illiteracy, and negative attitudes toward women, and concludes by calling for social and legal reforms to eliminate this practice.
The document discusses betrothal, engagement, and marriage. It describes betrothal as a transitional period between being single and married where a public promise is made. Engagement escalates intimacy and consecrates exclusivity. Marriage was historically an economic transaction but is now a social institution symbolized by rituals like rings, dresses, and weddings. Weddings incorporate traditions like white dresses and vows that reinforce heteronormative standards, though same-sex marriages are increasingly accepted. Attitudes toward marriage's role and weddings' costs are changing in modern society.
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This document discusses social problems related to families in India. It begins by defining key terms like social, family, types of families, and marriages. It then discusses some major social problems including dowry, child marriage, child labor, and casteism/untouchability. It provides details on the causes and consequences of these issues and describes various laws and acts that have been implemented to address them, such as the Dowry Prohibition Act and Prohibition of Child Marriage Act. Overall, the document analyzes several traditional and contemporary social problems faced by families in Indian society.
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2. What is dowry?
• Includes gifts, money, good or property given from the bride’s family to the groom
in-law's before or anytime during or after marriage, which occurs mostly in the
countries of Southeast Asia (Burn, 2011; Dowry Related Violence’)
• Other terms associated with the exchange of wealth during a marriage are bride
price and dower
• Bride price refers to money that a groom would pay to his bride's father in exchange
for her hand in marriage
• Dower is a provision accorded by law, but traditionally by a husband or his family, to
a wife for her support in the event that she should survive if she is a widow
3. Origin of dowry
• In ancient times, a dowry was given to the groom and his family in
exchange for the bride as a way of ensuring that she is properly taken care
of
• For financial security in the case of widowhood, and was thought to
eventually provide for the couple's future children as well
AND
• If a woman died without having any sons, her husband would have to return
the dowry to the bride's family, deducting the value of the bride price
5. India
• ‘Dahej’
• Dowry has been a prevalent practice in India with variations on dowry’s
practice
• Although Indian laws against dowries have been in effect for decades, they
have been largely criticized as being ineffective. The practice of dowry deaths
and murders continues to take place unchecked in many parts of India and this
has further added to the concerns of enforcement
However,
• The Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 article 3 specifies that the penalty for giving
or taking dowry does not apply to presents which are given at the time of a
marriage to the bride or bridegroom, when no demand for them have been
made
6. Pakistan
‘Jahez’
At over 2000 dowry-related deaths per year, and annual rates
exceeding 2.45 deaths per 100,000 women from dowry-related
violence
A 2014 Gallup survey in Pakistan found that 84% of Pakistanis
believe that dowry plays either very important or somewhat important
role in marriage, while 69% believed it is not possible for a girl to get
married without a dowry
7. Bangladesh
“Pawn or Joutuk”
• Like other South Asian countries, a serious growing problem in Bangladesh as
well.
• Laws prohibiting dowry in Bangladesh include Dowry Prohibition Act,
1980; Dowry Prohibition (Amendment) Ordinance, 1982; and Dowry Prohibition
(Amendment) Ordinance, 1986.)
8. Nepal
• ‘Daijo’
• Dowry-related violence is increasingly becoming a problem
• In Nepal, the practice of dowry is closely related to social prestige;
and dowry violence is especially prevalent in the Terai belt
• In 2009, Nepal enacted the Social Customs and Practices Act
outlawing dowry; however, there have been no known cases of
enforcement
9. China
In China women had no legal rights for property inheritance
Whatever women owned was gifts or wages. This made dowry a
customarily part of marriage
Bride prices vary from CN¥ 1,000,000 in famously money-centric[
Shanghai to as little as CN¥ 10,00
10. In medieval and Renaissance Europe
Dowry frequently served not only to enhance the desirability of a
woman for marriage but also to build the power and wealth of great
families and even to determine the frontiers and policies of states
The use of dowries more or less disappeared in Europe in the 19th and
20th centuries (K. Subekshya, 2014)
12. Islam
• The mahr (dowry) is something that is paid by the man to his wife
• It is paid to the wife and to her only as an honor and a respect given to
her and to show that he has a serious desire to marry her.
• It is must thing to agree upon at the time of the marriage contract.
• Taking money or gifts from the bride´s family is strictly prohibited.
13. Christianity
• Dowry is widely practiced by Christians, though among the Christians
of some regions it is not so widespread
• It is a fine method of setting up an establishment for the newlyweds
• Since the bride’s parents are quite choosy about the groom, he should
get a price
• A girl who brings a respectable dowry feels confident while a girl
without dowry feels uneasy
• Dowry is nothing but the share due to their daughter
14. Hinduism
Dowry (Dahej/Hunda) is paid in cash or
kind by the bride's family to the groom' s
family along with the giving away of the
bride (Kanya-dana)
The ritual of Kanya-dana is an essential
aspect in Hindu marital rites: Kanya =
daughter, dana = gift
A reason for the origin of dowry could
perhaps be that the groom and his family
had to take up the 'onerous' responsibility of
supporting the bride for the rest of her life
15. Dowry’s consequences
Domestic violence- physical torture, battering, marital rape, acid throwing (Burn,
2011)
Abetment to Suicide- Continuing abuse by the husband and his family with threats
of harm could lead to a woman committing suicide
Dowry murder-(wife burning or dowry death) murder committed by her husband
and his family soon after the marriage because of their dissatisfaction with the
dowry, mostly happens in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh (‘Dowry related
Violence’)
Female feticide- killing innocent baby girls
16. Magnitude of dowry problem
India
• One woman dies every hour in India because of dowry-related crimes
• Official figures from India's National Crime Records Bureau reveal
that 8,233 young women, many of them new brides, were killed in so-
called 'dowry deaths' in 2012
17. Pakistan
Over 2000 dowry-related deaths per year, and annual rates exceeding 2.45 deaths
per 100,000 women from dowry-related violence
Pakistan has the one of the highest reported number of dowry death rates per
100,000 women in the world (source; Operational Note: Pakistan Refworld, A
United Nations initiative (August 2011), see pages 16-21)
Bangladesh
• In 2014 dowry-related violence claimed 325 lives and resulted in 7,079 incidents
of dowry-harassment.
• This reflects only a fraction of crimes, many go unreported
18. Nepal
• The practice of dowry being pained to grooms with commitment risk
of extortion and dowry death, it is made spread in India, Pakistan and
Bangladesh and has begun in Nepal (UNICEF, 1999)
• A study conducted by Informal Sector Service Centre, 2014 reported
domestic violence and dowry deaths in Nepal
19.
20. Control of dowry system
Pledging ourselves not to take dowry
Spread the words of awareness in society
Discourage the dowry infected marriages
Be proud of your daughter
Stop your greediness
Aware people through education and training
Use of media
Say no to Dowry- Be a Man source (http://www.howflux.com/can-we-stop-dowry-system/)
21. Dowry’s advantage??
Helps newly married couple establish their family
An ugly girl will get husband easily
Supports the higher education of poor groom
Raises the status of women in family
Promotes the inter caste, inter religion and inter state marriage
Acts as provident fund
23. Open for Discussion
• Dowry makes daughter safe in In law´s house? If someone can afford, then
why it is not good?
• Both Bride and Groom are partners for life, right? So what if bride
contributes a little as gifts or money to Groom? It should not be obligatory,
but what if just ethically?
• Is there a need for Uniform Civil Code ( same law for every citizen
irrespective of religion)?