What is Research The search for knowledge is closely linked to the object of study; that is, to the reconstruction of the facts that will provide an explanation to an observed event and that at first sight can be considered as a problem. It is very human to seek answers and satisfy our curiosity. Let’s talk about research. Research is the careful consideration of study regarding a particular concern or problem using scientific methods. According to the American sociologist Earl Robert Babbie, “research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon. It involves inductive and deductive methods.” Inductive methods analyze an observed event, while deductive methods verify the observed event. Inductive approaches are associated with qualitative research, and deductive methods are more commonly associated with quantitative analysis. Research is conducted with a purpose to: Identify potential and new customers Understand existing customers Set pragmatic goals Develop productive market strategies Address business challenges Put together a business expansion plan Identify new business opportunities What are the characteristics of research? Good research follows a systematic approach to capture accurate data. Researchers need to practice ethics and a code of conduct while making observations or drawing conclusions. The analysis is based on logical reasoning and involves both inductive and deductive methods. Real-time data and knowledge is derived from actual observations in natural settings. There is an in-depth analysis of all data collected so that there are no anomalies associated with it. It creates a path for generating new questions. Existing data helps create more research opportunities. It is analytical and uses all the available data so that there is no ambiguity in inference. Accuracy is one of the most critical aspects of research. The information must be accurate and correct. For example, laboratories provide a controlled environment to collect data. Accuracy is measured in the instruments used, the calibrations of instruments or tools, and the experiment’s final result. What is the purpose of research? There are three main purposes: Exploratory: As the name suggests, researchers conduct exploratory studies to explore a group of questions. The answers and analytics may not offer a conclusion to the perceived problem. It is undertaken to handle new problem areas that haven’t been explored before. This exploratory process lays the foundation Theoretical Research Theoretical research, also referred to as pure or basic research, focuses on generating knowledge, regardless of its practical application. Here, data collection is used to generate new general concepts for a better understanding of a particular field or to answer a theoretical research question. Results of this kind are usually oriented towards the formulation of theories and are usually based on documentary analysis, the developme

1. 
 TYPE OF RESEARCH
LAKSHMIBAI NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION,
GWALIOR
Bharti Ahirwar ( PhD) 526

2. TYPE OF RESEARCH
1. Pure Research or Basic Research
2. Applied Research:
3. Descriptive Research:
4. Analytical Research:
5. Fundamental Research:
6. Conceptual Research:
7. Empirical Research:
8. Longitudinal Research:
9. Laboratory Research:
10. Exploratory Research:

3. TYPE OF RESEARCH
 Pure Research
• Pure research is also know as basic or fundamental research. It is
undertaken out of intellectual curiosity or inquisitiveness
• It may lead to either discovery of a new theory of refinement of
an existing theory.
• Pure research formed the basis for innumerable scientific and
technological inventions like steam engine, Machines,
Telecommunications, Electronic Gadgets
1. PURE RESEARCH

4. 2. APPLIED RESEARCH
 Applied research is a methodology used to solve a specific, practical problem of an individual
group
 definition
 .According to Travers
 “Applied research is undertaken to solve an immediate practical problem and the goal
of adding to scientific knowledge is secondary”
 Salient Features
•It can be explanatory but usually descriptive.
• Solve specific practical questions.
• Involves precise measurement of the characteristics and describe relationships

5. APPLIED RESEARCH
Qualitative Research - Qualitative research refers to much more subjective non-
quantitative, use different methods of collecting data, analyzing data, interpreting
data for meanings, definitions, characteristics, symbols metaphors of things.
Qualitative research further classified into following types.
Ethnography- This research mainly focus on culture of group of people which
includes share attributes, language, practices, structure, value, norms and material
things, evaluate human lifestyle. Ethno: people, Grapho: to write, this disciple may
include ethnic groups, ethno genesis, composition, resettlement and social welfare
characteristics.

6. Phenomenology- It is very powerful strategy for demonstrating
methodology to health professions education as well as best suited
for exploring challenging problems in health professions educations.
Quantitative Research - Quantitative research aim to measure
numeric figures, quantity, amounts, used extensively in field of
economics and commerce. Quantitative research refers as
systematic empirical investigation of phenomena quantitative
data and their relationship

7. 3. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
 The research which is determines "the way things are". The descriptive
research may include behavior observation research, you can observe
a lot by watching and survey research.
 Types of Descriptive Research –
A. Observational Method
B. Survey Method
C.Case Study Method

8. A. Observation Method - This is type of correlation research which
adopt researcher observes ongoing behavior. There may be 3
types of approach for observational researches are covert
observation, overt observation and research participation.
B. Survey Method - The brief interview or discussion with some
person about relevant topic. It is used to take opinion, thought and
feelings. In this predetermined set of question should give to the
indulging of population interest towards.”
C. Case Study Method - These studies are related to analysis of
events, periods, persons, decisions, policies, and institutions studied
by one or more methods. Study is conducted on the basis of inquiry
of subject instance of class of phenomena that provides an analytical
frame.

9. 4. ANALYTICAL RESEARCH
• It is related with carrying analysis on certain phenomenon with the
help of analytical tools.
• Analytical research used already available facts and information
analyze them to make critical evaluation.
Type of Analytical Research –
A. Reviews Research- The search involves meta-analysis of
quantitative methods of review. It also relates with making formal
assessment of various research with intension of making any useful
change or conclusion if necessary.

10. B. Historical Research - It is a systematic collection and
evaluation of data to explain, understand events, action and
describe that occurred in past. Historical research source material
may include documents, numerical records, oral statements and
records.
C. Philosophical Research - This research is related to the
theoretical bases of branch of experience and knowledge which is
fundamental in nature of reality, knowledge and existence.

11. 5. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH
• To acquire the new knowledge experimentation and theoretical
work has to done primarily.
• It increases scientific knowledge of researcher and has no
planned or immediate uses, their results may be useful in future.
• The research is conducted on the basis of already present
information and observation on given topic.
• It can be used in developing theories or new interpretation by
abstract concepts and ideas.
6. CONCEPTUAL RESEARCH

12. 7. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
 This type of research based on collection of data which lead to
generation of new ideas, observation and experiments or by using
scientific instruments.
 The study conclusion is drawn from concretely empirical evidence
and verifiable evidence.

13. 8. LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH
 In this type of research, we conduct much observation of subject
variables for long time (over a weeks, months and years), without
interfere with subject.
 Collection of data at the onset of study and gather repeatedly over a
period of time depends on length of study to observe how variable
change in this duration.
 Main importance of longitudinal research is in studying development
and lifespan issues.

14.  In laboratory research provide conditions with technological
research, measurement and experiments are to be performed.
 Any chemical substances, microscopically, parasitological,
hematological, immunological, biochemical, tissue culture research
can be carried out into laboratory.
9. LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH

15. 10. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH
 Exploratory research is defined as a research used to investigate a problem
which is not clearly defined.
 It is conducted to have a better understanding of the existing problem, but
will not provide conclusive results.
 For such a research, a researcher starts with a general idea and uses this
research as a medium to identify issues, that can be the focus for future
research.
 Such a research is usually carried out when the problem is at a preliminary
stage. it used to answer questions like what, why and how.