This document discusses communicable/infectious diseases and how they are transmitted from person to person. It defines key terms like pathogens, reservoirs, modes of transmission, and the stages of infection. The main points are: - Communicable/infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that can be passed directly or indirectly between people. - There is a "chain of infection" involving a pathogen, reservoir, exit portal, mode of transmission, entry portal, and susceptible host for a disease to spread. - Diseases progress through incubation, prodromal, illness, and recovery stages. During recovery, a disease may still be communicable.

1. ACTIVITY
TRUE OR FALSE

2. Communicable Diseases
are diseases that do not
transfer from one person
to another.

3. Infectious Diseases
are also called as
Communicable Diseases.

4. Bacteria, fungi, and virus
are pathogens which
cause diseases to the
host.

5. The most common
reservoir of pathogens is
the human body.

6. Coughing and sneezing
are direct modes of
transmission that causes
infection.

7. The diseases or infection
is still communicable in
the recovery stage.

8. DISEASE PREVENTION AND
CONTROL
(COMMUNICABLE)

9. Infectious diseases
• are disorders that are caused by
organisms, usually microscopic in size,
such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or
parasites that are passed, directly or
indirectly, from one person to another.

10. Infection
An invasion of
microorganisms into the body
that are capable of producing
a disease.

11. There are six links in the
chain of infection
PATHOGEN
RESERVOIR
PORTAL OF
EXIT
MODE OF
TRANSMISSIO
N
SUSCEPTIBL
E HOST
PORTAL OF
ENTRY
CHAIN OF
INFECTION

12. 1. PATHOGEN
It is an organism with the
ability to cause disease.
“bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoa,
parasitic worms”

13. 2. RESERVOIR
It is a place within which
microorganisms can thrive
and reproduce.
“The most common reservoir
is the human body.”

14. 3. PORTAL OF EXIT
It provides a way for a
microorganism to leave
the reservoir.
“through the nose, mouth,
body feces”

15. 4. MODE OF TRANSMISSION
It is the method by which the
organism moves from one host to
another.
“direct contact, indirect contact, air-
borne, food-borne,
water-borne, vector-borne”

16. 5. PORTAL OF ENTRY
It is an opening allowing the
microorganism enter the host.
“body orifices, mucus membranes,
breaks in the skin”

17. They may enter through:
Respiratory System
(inhalation)
Gastrointestinal System
(ingestion)

18. They may enter through:
Urinary and
Reproductive Tracts
(sexual contact)
Breaks in the skin

19. 6. THE SUSCEPTIBLE HOST
It is a person who cannot resists a
microorganism invading its body.

20. There are six links in the
chain of infection
PATHOGEN
RESERVOIR
PORTAL OF
EXIT
MODE OF
TRANSMISSIO
N
SUSCEPTIBL
E HOST
PORTAL OF
ENTRY
CHAIN OF
INFECTION

21. STAGES OF INFECTION
RECOVERY STAGE
ILLNESS STAGE
PRODROMAL STAGE
INCUBATION STAGE

22. 1. INCUBATION STAGE
It is when a person acquires the
pathogen until the appearance of
the first sign.
“silent stage”

23. 2. PRODROMAL STAGE
It is when there are non-specific
signs and symptoms appearing.
“headache, runny nose,
slight fever”

24. 3. ILLNESS or CLINICAL STAGE
It is the time when illness reaches
its highest point of development.
“severe aches, vomiting,
high fever, sore throat,
sinus congestion”

25. 4. RECOVERY or
CONVALESCENCE STAGE
This is the time when recovery
seems complete although the
disease is still communicable.
“pathogen has mostly eliminated”

26. ASSIGNMENT
Research on the internet ON
HOW TO PREVENT AND
CONTROL THE
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE.