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Thermodynamics is the science of energy that deals with how energy is stored and transferred between systems, mostly involving heat and work. The fundamental law is the conservation of energy principle, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. A system is the quantity of matter being studied, with surroundings outside the system boundary, which separates the system from its surroundings. Properties of a system include intensive properties like temperature and pressure that are independent of mass, and extensive properties like mass, volume and energy that vary directly with mass.
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Basic concept of engg thermodynamics
This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts in thermodynamics. It defines thermodynamics as the study of energy, energy transformations, and their relation to matter. The two main laws of thermodynamics discussed are the conservation of energy (1st law) and that energy has both quantity and quality, with actual processes occurring in the direction of decreasing quality (2nd law). It also defines concepts like systems, surroundings, boundaries, closed and open systems, isolated and adiabatic systems, extensive and intensive properties, state, and equilibrium.
Precise definition of basic concepts forms a sound foundation for the.pdf
Precise definition of basic concepts forms a sound foundation for the development of a science
and prevents possible misunderstandings. True/False? What is the definition of
Thermodynamics? What is the definition of Energy? State the First law of Thermodynamics.
State the Second Law of Thermodynamics. What is the definition of a \"System\" in
Thermodynamics? What is the definition of \"Closed\" system? In a closed system; can energy
such as Heat, Work, etc. cross the boundary? Yes/No What is an \"Isolated System\",
Definition? What is an \"Open System\", Definition? What is the definition of \"Intensive\"
properties of a system? What is the definition of \"Extensive\" properties of a system? Write a
statement (two-three lines) about \"Continuum\".
Solution
2) Thermodynamics:
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat and
other forms of energy. In particular, it describes how thermal energy is converted to and from
other forms of energy and how it affects matter.
3) Energy :
Measure of the ability of a body or system to do work or produce a change, expressed usually in
joules or kilowatt hours (kWh). No activity is possible without energy and its total amount in the
universe is fixed. In other words, it cannot be created or destroyed but can only be changed from
one type to another.
4) First law of thermodynamics:
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that heat is a form of energy, and thermodynamic
processes are therefore subject to the principle of conservation of energy. This means that heat
energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can, however, be transferred from one location to
another and converted to and from other forms of energy.
5) Second law of Thermodynamics :
The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system always
increases over time, or remains constant in ideal cases where the system is in a steady state or
undergoing a reversible process. The increase in entropy accounts for the irreversibility of
natural processes, and the asymmetry between future and past.
6) System :
A thermodynamic system is a quantity of matter of fixed identity, around which we can draw a
boundary.
7)Closed system :
Closed systems exchange energy but not matter with an outside system.
8) Yes, In closed system energy may cross the boundary.
9) Isolated system:
In Isolated system there is no transfer of heat and mass with surroundings.
10) Open systems:
In Open systems there is transfer of both heat and mass with the surroundings.
11) Intesive property:
An intensive property, is a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size
or the amount of material in the system.
eg: density, pressure and temperature
12) Extensive Property:
An extensive property of a system does depend on the system size or the amount of material in
the system.
eg : volume, internal energy
13 ) continuum :
Anything that goes through a gradual transition from one condition, to a diff.
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This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts in thermodynamics. It defines thermodynamics as the study of energy, energy transformations, and their relation to matter. The two main laws of thermodynamics discussed are the conservation of energy (1st law) and that energy has both quantity and quality, with actual processes occurring in the direction of decreasing quality (2nd law). It also defines concepts like systems, surroundings, boundaries, closed and open systems, isolated and adiabatic systems, extensive and intensive properties, state, and equilibrium.
Precise definition of basic concepts forms a sound foundation for the.pdf
Precise definition of basic concepts forms a sound foundation for the development of a science
and prevents possible misunderstandings. True/False? What is the definition of
Thermodynamics? What is the definition of Energy? State the First law of Thermodynamics.
State the Second Law of Thermodynamics. What is the definition of a \"System\" in
Thermodynamics? What is the definition of \"Closed\" system? In a closed system; can energy
such as Heat, Work, etc. cross the boundary? Yes/No What is an \"Isolated System\",
Definition? What is an \"Open System\", Definition? What is the definition of \"Intensive\"
properties of a system? What is the definition of \"Extensive\" properties of a system? Write a
statement (two-three lines) about \"Continuum\".
Solution
2) Thermodynamics:
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat and
other forms of energy. In particular, it describes how thermal energy is converted to and from
other forms of energy and how it affects matter.
3) Energy :
Measure of the ability of a body or system to do work or produce a change, expressed usually in
joules or kilowatt hours (kWh). No activity is possible without energy and its total amount in the
universe is fixed. In other words, it cannot be created or destroyed but can only be changed from
one type to another.
4) First law of thermodynamics:
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that heat is a form of energy, and thermodynamic
processes are therefore subject to the principle of conservation of energy. This means that heat
energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can, however, be transferred from one location to
another and converted to and from other forms of energy.
5) Second law of Thermodynamics :
The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system always
increases over time, or remains constant in ideal cases where the system is in a steady state or
undergoing a reversible process. The increase in entropy accounts for the irreversibility of
natural processes, and the asymmetry between future and past.
6) System :
A thermodynamic system is a quantity of matter of fixed identity, around which we can draw a
boundary.
7)Closed system :
Closed systems exchange energy but not matter with an outside system.
8) Yes, In closed system energy may cross the boundary.
9) Isolated system:
In Isolated system there is no transfer of heat and mass with surroundings.
10) Open systems:
In Open systems there is transfer of both heat and mass with the surroundings.
11) Intesive property:
An intensive property, is a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size
or the amount of material in the system.
eg: density, pressure and temperature
12) Extensive Property:
An extensive property of a system does depend on the system size or the amount of material in
the system.
eg : volume, internal energy
13 ) continuum :
Anything that goes through a gradual transition from one condition, to a diff.
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