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Discussion 1: Social Security and Social Welfare Programs For years, many working individuals in the United States have counted on Social Security as their primary retirement income. With the deductions from every paycheck to fund this future benefit, Americans looked forward to a comfortable retirement based on the assumption that these funds were being invested wisely. Is this a factual assumption, or is it another myth of the U.S. social welfare system? Relying on Social Security as a sole means of support in retirement is uncommon. As society’s work habits and life expectancies change, Social Security has come to mean different things to different people. For those who are unable to save and/or invest on their own, it functions like a forced retirement program that provides a financial safety net for the future. For those who become unable to work, social security often is viewed by others as a public assistance program. For others who are financially secure and prepared for retirement, it is an entitlement program where individuals draw Social Security at retirement in an effort to recoup what they paid into the program by deductions from their wages. How might these perceptions of Social Security relate to the perceptions of public assistance programs that were discussed in last week’s resources? For this Discussion, review this week’s resources. Then, consider how Social Security is different from public assistance programs. Finally, think about how these differences are important in terms of the general perception of Social Security benefits. Post by Day 3 an explanation of how Social Security is different from public assistance programs. Then, explain how these differences are important, in terms of the general perception of Social Security benefits. Support your post with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references. .
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For years, many working individuals in the United States hav.docx
For years, many working individuals in the United States have counted on Social Security as their primary retirement income. With the deductions from every paycheck to fund this future benefit, Americans looked forward to a comfortable retirement based on the assumption that these funds were being invested wisely. Is this a factual assumption, or is it another myth of the U.S. social welfare system?
Relying on Social Security as a sole means of support in retirement is uncommon. As society’s work habits and life expectancies change, Social Security has come to mean different things to different people. For those who are unable to save and/or invest on their own, it functions like a forced retirement program that provides a financial safety net for the future. For those who become unable to work, social security often is viewed by others as a public assistance program. For others who are financially secure and prepared for retirement, it is an entitlement program where individuals draw Social Security at retirement in an effort to recoup what they paid into the program by deductions from their wages. How might these perceptions of Social Security relate to the perceptions of public assistance programs that were discussed in last week’s resources?
For this Discussion
, review this week’s resources. Then, consider how Social Security is different from public assistance programs. Finally, think about how these differences are important in terms of the general perception of Social Security benefits.
...
Discussion1In many societies certain groups possess more resourc.docx
Discussion1
In many societies certain groups possess more resources and hold more power than other groups. In some of these societies, racial discrimination and racial tension also exist. While members of the societies may openly acknowledge that unequal distribution of power and racism are present in their society, many fail to examine the complex relationships between privilege and racism. Social workers must understand this complex relationship so they can educate and empower their clients. Empowerment is the cornerstone of social work practice. In the book Black Empowerment, the author,Barbara Solomon, writes, "Empowerment refers to a process whereby persons who belong to a stigmatized social category throughout their lives can be assisted to develop and increase skills in the exercise of interpersonal influence and the performance of valued social roles" (p. 6). Empowerment practice is based on a collaborative relationship between worker and client, initiated to promote the client's power through self-actualization, self-determination, and the fulfillment of personal goals (Gutierrez, Parsons, & Cox, 1998). Further, this process includes increasing your clients' awareness of the structural oppression that exists and its impact on them. It is the role of social workers to empower clients and to bring about awareness of the inequalities that exist in society. This is done two fold—through work with clients on the micro and mezzo levels and on a macro level through work in organizations and communities. Social workers cannot effectively empower clients without first understanding the mechanisms of oppression and how they impact their day-to-day work. Then social workers can recognize the impact on their clients' lives and apply the appropriate skills. To prepare: Review the case study "Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary."
*Must use for the case of Mary*
Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen S. M. (Eds.). (2014). Social work case studies: Foundation year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader]. •Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary
Discussion 2
For years, many working individuals in the United States have counted on Social Security as their primary retirement income. With the deductions from every paycheck to fund this future benefit, Americans looked forward to a comfortable retirement based on the assumption that these funds were being invested wisely. Is this a factual assumption, or is it another myth of the U.S. social welfare system? Relying on Social Security as a sole means of support in retirement is uncommon. As society’s work habits and life expectancies change, Social Security has come to mean different things to different people. For those who are unable to save and/or invest on their own, it functions like a forced retirement program that provides a financial safety net for the future. For those who become unable to work, social security often is viewed ...
ECO 404 Private Savings Final Draft 1
This document discusses private retirement savings in the United States. It begins by outlining the current state of retirement savings, noting that about 20% of Americans do not save and that Social Security is projected to run out of funds. The document then defines key terms like retirement, retirement savings, private savings, and sufficient savings. It estimates that individuals will need around $500,000-$1,000,000 in savings to retire comfortably. The document analyzes factors like taxes, debt, and human behavior that influence private savings, and says the three main economic perspectives will be considered to evaluate solutions to increasing retirement savings.
Response 1Respond in one or more of the following ways·.docx
Response 1
Respond
in one or more of the following ways:
·
Add to your colleague's explanation of how gender identity affects an individual's life-span development.
·
Explain whether you might use your colleague's strategy for applying the concept of gender identity to social work practice. Provide support for your position.
Colleague 1: AS
A knew understanding that I gained from the learning resources about gender identity is that it is very important for people who are a sexual minority to find a community LGB people (Brewster & Moradi, 2010). People who identify as LGB would benefit from being in an LGB community because they can see that people have had the same struggles as them, and possibly meet people that overcome these struggles. They can learn from others, and learn to be more comfortable in their lifestyle. Being a part of the LGB community in young and middle adulthood is very hard, because this is the time of your life where you are starting your career or established in your career. It could be detrimental to come out as Lesbian, Gay or Bisexual in your workplace because you risk discrimination or losing opportunities (Brewster & Moradi, 2010). As a person in the LGB community, in young and middle adulthood, you are constantly thinking about how your sexual or gender identity could negatively affect your life.
As a social worker, I would use this knowledge to better understand my client. I can understand their motivation and the source of their feelings. With this information, I will be able to identify the proper intervention to use with my client. A client who may be struggling with gender identity may need guidance and support. Being competent on this topic will help me to be able to help that client and to better be able to choose an intervention method that fits the client. I will also know when to advocate for my client, and the proper way to advocate for my client.
References
Brewster, M. E., & Moradi, B. (2010). Personal, Relational and Community Aspects of Bisexual Identity in Emerging, Early and Middle Adult Cohorts. Journal of Bisexuality, 404-428.
Response 2 : Social Security and Social Welfare Programs
·
Respond
to at least two colleagues by explaining a strategy for how a social worker might help clients manage these perceptions, given the differences your colleagues described.
Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references.
Colleague 1:DP
Social Security and Public Assistance Programs
Social Security is different from public assistance programs in the manner that it is money earned from working; whereas, the public assistance programs are entitlements as a citizen without technically having to have a job prior to using the programs. “To qualify for benefits, you must earn credits by working and paying Social Security taxes. The number of credits you need to qualify depends on your age and the type of benefit for.
Whartonstudyonincomeannuities1 150606231836-lva1-app6891
This document summarizes recommendations from economic studies on how retirees should invest lump sums at retirement. It finds that annuitizing a substantial portion is generally optimal. Specifically:
1. Annuitize enough to cover minimum living expenses not covered by Social Security or pensions.
2. Annuitize a significant portion of remaining savings for longevity insurance, while investing the rest in stocks and bonds. How much depends on individual factors.
3. Consider annuities with riders to cover potential large healthcare or long-term care costs later in retirement.
Wharton study on_income_annuities (1)
This document summarizes recommendations from economic studies on how retirees should invest lump sums at retirement. It finds that annuitizing a substantial portion is generally optimal. Specifically:
1. Annuitize enough to cover minimum living expenses not covered by Social Security or pensions.
2. Annuitize a significant portion of remaining savings for longevity insurance, while investing the rest in stocks and bonds. How much depends on individual factors.
3. Consider annuities with riders to cover potential large healthcare or long-term care costs later in retirement.
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES TO HELP MAXIMIZE SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS
This document outlines strategies for maximizing Social Security benefits in retirement. It discusses four common mistakes retirees make: 1) Underestimating the real value of Social Security benefits, which can provide a guaranteed stream of inflation-adjusted income. 2) Rushing to collect benefits early without understanding the lifelong impact of reduced payments. 3) Failing to understand how a married couple can integrate their benefits to maximize total income and protections. 4) Being unaware of how Social Security benefits may be partially taxed and reduce other retirement income in some cases. The document provides details on Social Security claiming strategies and benefit types to help retirees make optimal claiming decisions.
Soc sec max benes pi3609 08 01_2014
This document outlines strategies for maximizing Social Security benefits in retirement. It discusses four common mistakes retirees make: 1) Underestimating the real value of Social Security benefits, which can provide a guaranteed stream of inflation-adjusted income. 2) Rushing to collect benefits early without understanding the long-term costs of reduced payments. 3) Not understanding how a married couple can integrate their benefits to maximize total income and protections. 4) Being unaware that Social Security benefits may be partially taxable and subject to an "income tax torpedo" effect. The document provides details on Social Security claiming strategies and options for married couples to help optimize their benefits over a full retirement.
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For years, many working individuals in the United States hav.docx
For years, many working individuals in the United States have counted on Social Security as their primary retirement income. With the deductions from every paycheck to fund this future benefit, Americans looked forward to a comfortable retirement based on the assumption that these funds were being invested wisely. Is this a factual assumption, or is it another myth of the U.S. social welfare system?
Relying on Social Security as a sole means of support in retirement is uncommon. As society’s work habits and life expectancies change, Social Security has come to mean different things to different people. For those who are unable to save and/or invest on their own, it functions like a forced retirement program that provides a financial safety net for the future. For those who become unable to work, social security often is viewed by others as a public assistance program. For others who are financially secure and prepared for retirement, it is an entitlement program where individuals draw Social Security at retirement in an effort to recoup what they paid into the program by deductions from their wages. How might these perceptions of Social Security relate to the perceptions of public assistance programs that were discussed in last week’s resources?
For this Discussion
, review this week’s resources. Then, consider how Social Security is different from public assistance programs. Finally, think about how these differences are important in terms of the general perception of Social Security benefits.
...
Discussion1In many societies certain groups possess more resourc.docx
Discussion1
In many societies certain groups possess more resources and hold more power than other groups. In some of these societies, racial discrimination and racial tension also exist. While members of the societies may openly acknowledge that unequal distribution of power and racism are present in their society, many fail to examine the complex relationships between privilege and racism. Social workers must understand this complex relationship so they can educate and empower their clients. Empowerment is the cornerstone of social work practice. In the book Black Empowerment, the author,Barbara Solomon, writes, "Empowerment refers to a process whereby persons who belong to a stigmatized social category throughout their lives can be assisted to develop and increase skills in the exercise of interpersonal influence and the performance of valued social roles" (p. 6). Empowerment practice is based on a collaborative relationship between worker and client, initiated to promote the client's power through self-actualization, self-determination, and the fulfillment of personal goals (Gutierrez, Parsons, & Cox, 1998). Further, this process includes increasing your clients' awareness of the structural oppression that exists and its impact on them. It is the role of social workers to empower clients and to bring about awareness of the inequalities that exist in society. This is done two fold—through work with clients on the micro and mezzo levels and on a macro level through work in organizations and communities. Social workers cannot effectively empower clients without first understanding the mechanisms of oppression and how they impact their day-to-day work. Then social workers can recognize the impact on their clients' lives and apply the appropriate skills. To prepare: Review the case study "Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary."
*Must use for the case of Mary*
Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen S. M. (Eds.). (2014). Social work case studies: Foundation year. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader]. •Working With Individuals: The Case of Mary
Discussion 2
For years, many working individuals in the United States have counted on Social Security as their primary retirement income. With the deductions from every paycheck to fund this future benefit, Americans looked forward to a comfortable retirement based on the assumption that these funds were being invested wisely. Is this a factual assumption, or is it another myth of the U.S. social welfare system? Relying on Social Security as a sole means of support in retirement is uncommon. As society’s work habits and life expectancies change, Social Security has come to mean different things to different people. For those who are unable to save and/or invest on their own, it functions like a forced retirement program that provides a financial safety net for the future. For those who become unable to work, social security often is viewed ...
ECO 404 Private Savings Final Draft 1
This document discusses private retirement savings in the United States. It begins by outlining the current state of retirement savings, noting that about 20% of Americans do not save and that Social Security is projected to run out of funds. The document then defines key terms like retirement, retirement savings, private savings, and sufficient savings. It estimates that individuals will need around $500,000-$1,000,000 in savings to retire comfortably. The document analyzes factors like taxes, debt, and human behavior that influence private savings, and says the three main economic perspectives will be considered to evaluate solutions to increasing retirement savings.
Response 1Respond in one or more of the following ways·.docx
Response 1
Respond
in one or more of the following ways:
·
Add to your colleague's explanation of how gender identity affects an individual's life-span development.
·
Explain whether you might use your colleague's strategy for applying the concept of gender identity to social work practice. Provide support for your position.
Colleague 1: AS
A knew understanding that I gained from the learning resources about gender identity is that it is very important for people who are a sexual minority to find a community LGB people (Brewster & Moradi, 2010). People who identify as LGB would benefit from being in an LGB community because they can see that people have had the same struggles as them, and possibly meet people that overcome these struggles. They can learn from others, and learn to be more comfortable in their lifestyle. Being a part of the LGB community in young and middle adulthood is very hard, because this is the time of your life where you are starting your career or established in your career. It could be detrimental to come out as Lesbian, Gay or Bisexual in your workplace because you risk discrimination or losing opportunities (Brewster & Moradi, 2010). As a person in the LGB community, in young and middle adulthood, you are constantly thinking about how your sexual or gender identity could negatively affect your life.
As a social worker, I would use this knowledge to better understand my client. I can understand their motivation and the source of their feelings. With this information, I will be able to identify the proper intervention to use with my client. A client who may be struggling with gender identity may need guidance and support. Being competent on this topic will help me to be able to help that client and to better be able to choose an intervention method that fits the client. I will also know when to advocate for my client, and the proper way to advocate for my client.
References
Brewster, M. E., & Moradi, B. (2010). Personal, Relational and Community Aspects of Bisexual Identity in Emerging, Early and Middle Adult Cohorts. Journal of Bisexuality, 404-428.
Response 2 : Social Security and Social Welfare Programs
·
Respond
to at least two colleagues by explaining a strategy for how a social worker might help clients manage these perceptions, given the differences your colleagues described.
Support your response with specific references to the resources. Be sure to provide full APA citations for your references.
Colleague 1:DP
Social Security and Public Assistance Programs
Social Security is different from public assistance programs in the manner that it is money earned from working; whereas, the public assistance programs are entitlements as a citizen without technically having to have a job prior to using the programs. “To qualify for benefits, you must earn credits by working and paying Social Security taxes. The number of credits you need to qualify depends on your age and the type of benefit for.
Whartonstudyonincomeannuities1 150606231836-lva1-app6891
This document summarizes recommendations from economic studies on how retirees should invest lump sums at retirement. It finds that annuitizing a substantial portion is generally optimal. Specifically:
1. Annuitize enough to cover minimum living expenses not covered by Social Security or pensions.
2. Annuitize a significant portion of remaining savings for longevity insurance, while investing the rest in stocks and bonds. How much depends on individual factors.
3. Consider annuities with riders to cover potential large healthcare or long-term care costs later in retirement.
Wharton study on_income_annuities (1)
This document summarizes recommendations from economic studies on how retirees should invest lump sums at retirement. It finds that annuitizing a substantial portion is generally optimal. Specifically:
1. Annuitize enough to cover minimum living expenses not covered by Social Security or pensions.
2. Annuitize a significant portion of remaining savings for longevity insurance, while investing the rest in stocks and bonds. How much depends on individual factors.
3. Consider annuities with riders to cover potential large healthcare or long-term care costs later in retirement.
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES TO HELP MAXIMIZE SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS
This document outlines strategies for maximizing Social Security benefits in retirement. It discusses four common mistakes retirees make: 1) Underestimating the real value of Social Security benefits, which can provide a guaranteed stream of inflation-adjusted income. 2) Rushing to collect benefits early without understanding the lifelong impact of reduced payments. 3) Failing to understand how a married couple can integrate their benefits to maximize total income and protections. 4) Being unaware of how Social Security benefits may be partially taxed and reduce other retirement income in some cases. The document provides details on Social Security claiming strategies and benefit types to help retirees make optimal claiming decisions.
Soc sec max benes pi3609 08 01_2014
This document outlines strategies for maximizing Social Security benefits in retirement. It discusses four common mistakes retirees make: 1) Underestimating the real value of Social Security benefits, which can provide a guaranteed stream of inflation-adjusted income. 2) Rushing to collect benefits early without understanding the long-term costs of reduced payments. 3) Not understanding how a married couple can integrate their benefits to maximize total income and protections. 4) Being unaware that Social Security benefits may be partially taxable and subject to an "income tax torpedo" effect. The document provides details on Social Security claiming strategies and options for married couples to help optimize their benefits over a full retirement.
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New "flip book" eMagazine is available for you right here. The value of insurance is front and center in this new publication which features an easy to use flip book feature. VantagePoint magazine is an independently produced quarterly publication that offers valuable information for mature adults (55+).
From General Motors company’s financial information, what type of pe.pdf
From General Motors company’s financial information, what type of pension plan does it have?
Discuss the reasons why your company has chosen this particular plan.
What was the effect of the pension plan on General Motors company’s financial statements?
Defend your response.
Your CEO has informed you—the controller of General Motors company—that the board of
directors has made the decision to look at other options of
types of retirement plans. Investigate what other alternatives would be available, and determine
which would be appropriate for your particular company.
Solution
Types of Pensions
Employment-based pensions
A retirement plan is an arrangement to provide people with an income during retirement when
they are no longer earning a steady income from employment. Often retirement plans require
both the employer and employee to contribute money to a fund during their employment in order
to receive defined benefits upon retirement. It is a tax deferred savings vehicle that allows for the
tax-free accumulation of a fund for later use as a retirement income. Funding can be provided in
other ways, such as from labor unions, government agencies, or self-funded schemes. Pension
plans are therefore a form of \"deferred compensation\"
Social and state pensions
Many countries have created funds for their citizens and residents to provide income when they
retire (or in some cases become disabled). Typically this requires payments throughout the
citizen\'s working life in order to qualify for benefits later on. A basic state pension is a
\"contribution based\" benefit, and depends on an individual\'s contribution history. For
examples, see National Insurance in the UK, or Social Security in the United States of America.
Many countries have also put in place a \"social pension\". These are regular, tax-funded non-
contributory cash transfers paid to older people. Over 80 countries have social pensions.[4] Some
are universal benefits, given to all older people regardless of income, assets or employment
record. Examples of universal pensions include Zealand Superannuationand the Basic
Retirement Pension of Mauritius Most social pensions, though, are means-tested, such as
Supplemental Security Income in the United States of America or the \"older person\'s grant\" in
South Africa.
Disability pensions
Some pension plans will provide for members in the event they suffer a disability. This may take
the form of early entry into a retirement plan for a disabled member below the normal retirement
age.
Benefits
Retirement plans may be classified as defined benefit or defined contribution according to how
the benefits are determined.[8] A defined benefit plan guarantees a certain payout at retirement,
according to a fixed formula which usually depends on the member\'s salary and the number of
years\' membership in the plan. A defined contribution plan will provide a payout at retirement
that is dependent upon the amount of money contributed and the performance o.
Pension Plans and Social Security
Defined contribution plans such as 401(k)s and IRAs became popular alternatives to defined benefit pension plans due to lower costs and risk for employers. With defined contribution plans, contributions are defined but the retirement amount depends on investment returns. Employees control investment choices and bear investment risk. Maximum annual contributions are $16,500 for 401(k)s and $5,000-$6,000 for IRAs, depending on age. Traditional IRA contributions are tax deductible while Roth IRA contributions are not tax deductible but withdrawals are tax free. Income limits apply for deductible IRA contributions.
The Benefits Of Social Security
The document discusses the history and benefits of Social Security in the United States. It was established in 1935 to provide financial assistance to retired, disabled, or deceased workers' families. Today, over 155 million people receive over $1 trillion in benefits annually. Benefits include retirement payments, disability insurance, and survivor benefits for spouses and children. However, concerns have been raised about Social Security's long-term financial stability due to changing demographics.
LECTUREUnit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you should b.docx
LECTURE
Unit Objectives
After completing this unit, you should be able to
define
moral hazard
,
adverse selection
, and
cost-shifting
identify the major public programs for the financing of health care
compare and contrast Medicare and Medicaid
list and describe the four sub-programs of Medicare
describe different reimbursement approaches for health services
Unit Lecture
When asked how health care services are paid for, many of us think immediately of health insurance. However, we typically don't think about the dynamics behind health insurance or the various types of programs through which it is delivered. At its most basic level,
health insurance
is a tool for mitigating risk. An individual purchases health insurance to mitigate the risk of having to pay an enormous medical bill in the event of sickness or injury.
Those who provide health insurance—insurance companies—also work to mitigate risk, albeit from the other side. They attempt to create a risk pool containing a large number of healthy people to offset the expenses accrued by those who do get sick or injured.
Premiums
, the fees paid for ownership of health insurance, are used to subsidize the cost of the health care provided to those who use the insurance.
Factors that insurance companies need to be mindful of include
moral hazard
, whereby an insured individual is more prone to seek care than if he or she were paying the medical bill him- or herself; and
adverse selection
, whereby insurance is mainly purchased by those most in need of it. As with any financial enterprise, if the costs of providing the product or service exceed the revenue, the company goes out of business.
There are several types of insurance programs, both public and private. Together, these programs cover not only individual health services, but public health services, research, and the administration of the delivery and financing of health care in the United States. The majority of public and private expenditures—approximately 81 percent—are directed toward hospital care, provider and clinical services, long-term care, and prescription drug provision (Kovner & Knickman, 2011).
As mentioned in the week 4 lecture, health insurance is a relatively new mechanism for financing health services, and it has grown substantially since the mid-1900s, when only 9 percent of the US population had health insurance (Blumberg & Davidson, 2009). Health insurance can be broken down into private and public insurance.
Private health insurance
is primarily employment-based, meaning that individuals receive coverage through commercial health insurance plans for which their employers either pay the premiums or subsidize them, with the employee paying the balance.
Some larger employers choose to self-insure, which means that they administer their own plans and accept the financial risk of doing so. In essence, they act as the insurer of their employees.
Some individuals, either through necessity or choice, opt to purchase t.
July Newsletter 2011 Pacific Advisors
The passage discusses how Social Security is facing insolvency by 2036 unless reforms are made. It notes that even long-time defenders of Social Security like AARP now acknowledge cuts to benefits are inevitable. As a result, individuals will need to significantly increase personal savings to make up for reduced future Social Security income. The passage provides strategies for boosting savings, such as increasing income, reducing expenses, and reallocating assets.
What is social welfare policy Why should we study it What is the r.pdf
What is social welfare policy? Why should we study it? What is the relationship between social
welfare policy and the provision of social welfare services? Discuss how values and beliefs guide
policy and influence the U.S. social welfare system. Discuss some of the values and beliefs that
resonated with you.
Solution
Social Welfare Policy
The social welfare policy is social services provided by a government for its citizens. Examples
of social welfare in the United States include Medicare, Medicaid, temporary assistance for
needy families, food benefits and section 8 housing assistance. Other programs, such as workers
compensation, unemployment insurance and Social Security benefits are also considered social
welfare programs.
The social welfare policy refers to both goals of collective responsibilities and to a set of services
for carrying out those responsibilities. Set of laws and administrative rules that define the
purposes of public social welfare and authorize organizations to work toward accomplishment of
those purposes.
Social Welfare Services
Welfare provision serves mainly the physical and material interests of recipients. Interests are
linked both with people\'s needs, which are socially defined, and with what people want. If
people can be mistaken about where their interests lie, their welfare will not be served by
considering their wants alone. Social welfare is not simply the sum of individual welfares, and
one concept cannot be derived from the other. Some interests may be held in common. Equally,
however, there may be conflicts between interests, and some may bear costs for the benefit of
others.
values and beliefs guide policy and influence the U.S. social welfare system
The Emergency Relief and Construction Act of 1932 was the first social welfare policy in the
United States. This act provided $300 million in temporary loans to states. These funds were
allocated to citizens that had been severely impacted by the Great Depression.
After this act was passed, it became evident that many citizens needed more assistance. As a
result, the Federal Relief Act of 1933 was passed to provided $1 billion in additional social
support for the poorest citizens. The Social Security Act of 1935 was also passed to provide aid
to specific groups, such as children, the elderly and the disabled.
Social welfare policies remained relatively unchanged until welfare reform in 1996. This was a
drastic change from previous policies because for the first time, recipients of public assistance
were required to work in order to receive aid. Since this time, many debates have centered on
who deserves social welfare aid and how much support should be given..
Viewpoint_Issue_4
The document discusses retirement planning and pensions in the UK. It finds that while 74% have made some provision for retirement, 26% have made no provisions. People are confused by the complex pensions system and lack of clarity in terminology. Many feel unprepared for retirement due to a lack of pension planning and over-reliance on the state pension. Improving communication about retirement planning and pensions is needed to increase understanding and confidence.
Implementing-Defined-Contribution-Pension-Reform
This document summarizes a report on shifting public pension plans from defined benefit to defined contribution models. It discusses how the private sector led the shift to defined contribution plans in the 1970s-80s due to changes in tax law and accounting standards. It then examines how the federal government implemented a similar reform for federal workers in the 1980s through a new defined contribution plan paired with a reduced defined benefit plan. The document uses these cases to argue public sector employers can achieve fiscal sustainability by implementing a similar pension reform approach.
Retrieved from httpwww.socialwelfarehistory.comrecollections.docx
Retrieved from: http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/recollections/current-issues-and-programs-in-social-welfare/ 1
Bottom of Form
Current Issues and Programs in Social Welfare
by Dr. Jerry Marx, Social Work Department, University of New Hampshire
Social Insurance Programs
Social Security
American social welfare, thanks to Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Social Security Act of 1935, is furthered currently by two major categories of cash support programs: social insurances? and public assistance?.1 Social insurances are based on the prior earnings and payroll contributions of an individual, while public assistance, commonly known as “welfare,” is based on the financial need of an individual. The primary social insurance programs today in America are Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance, Unemployment Insurance, and Workers Compensation.
Let’s begin with ((Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance)), commonly referred to as “social security.” Social security, like other social insurances, is an example of a “universal” program, because American citizens are entitled to participate in the program as a social right.2 In other words, program participation in not based on financial need. Social security constituted one-fifth of all federal government spending in 1995.3 In that year, a total of $332.6 billion was spent on the program. Funding for social security actually comes from a payroll tax, which is shared in an equal proportion by the employer and employee. A practice begun during the Nixon Administration, social security benefits are adjusted when the cost of living increases.4
To receive benefits, a person must contribute payroll taxes during their working years.5 Those individuals contributing payroll taxes for a minimum of 10 years (i.e., 40 quarters in social security eligibility terms) are covered permanently under the program. Individual benefit levels are determined by the level of covered earnings (i.e., how much money paid in) and the age of retirement.
The “disability insurance” part of social security assists adults between the ages of 18 and 64 who are unable to engage in substantial employment.6 When the individual turns 65 years of age, “disability benefits” automatically become “old-age” benefits. To receive disability benefits, an individual must show medical proof of a disability and proof that the disability prevents “gainful employment.” “Survivors insurance” covers children under 18 years of age, dependent parents, and dependent widowers or widows. These categories of recipients receive benefits when an insured worker dies.
A fundamental point to remember is that social security is a very effective anti-poverty program! Most recipients are raised above the poverty line by social security. In 1992, only 14% of people aged 65 or older lived in poverty in the United States – thanks in large part to social security benefits!7
Unemployment Insurance
Unemployment insurance is a second major social insurance progra ...
Discussion 1Choose any four ‘causes’ of change within a projec.docx
Discussion 1
Choose any four ‘causes’ of change within a project in table 9.1 in the text. Provide a project example and scenario, and describe the impact of each change. Was there a level of change control in the project examples that tracked ownership, documentation and approval of these changes?
Discussion 2
The identification of all changes to a project is only the first step for ensuring a control system is in place. Describe the detailed steps you would implement for your project to ensure an entire change control process is in place. Consider the following topics in your answer: documentation, analysis, approval and implementation. Why is the baseline configuration important to this topic?
.
DISCUSSION 1Community and Health Information Networks Please .docx
A key trend supporting CHINs and RHINOs is increased data sharing across organizations to improve care coordination. Transitioning from CHINs to RHINOs has more benefits than challenges as it allows for broader sharing of health information across larger regions. Integrating CPOE and CDSS into EHRs has the advantage of catching errors and providing treatment recommendations to improve patient safety and outcomes. Electronic database systems are more efficient than paper records as they reduce errors, save space, and allow easy access to records. The main advantages of EMRs are reduced errors, easy sharing of information, and improved treatment while the disadvantages include costs of implementation and concerns about privacy and security.
Discussion 10 Concluding the SemesterPurposeThis assignment is .docx
Discussion 10: Concluding the Semester
Purpose
This assignment is closely tied to specific course objectives. Two of the major primary course objectives of CST 100 are that students show respect for ethical codes that govern spoken discourse, such as tolerance for differences of opinion, preference for civility and that students will demonstrate increased understanding and appreciation of the communication process as it relates to speaker and listener interactions. By completing this assignment students will reflect on the things they learned and articulate important lasting lessons of public speaking.
Directions
Part 1: Initial Post
Find the due date for this part on the course calendar.
As we conclude the semester, reflect on some of the things that you learned about public speaking and your growth as a communicator throughout the semester.
In a 3-4 paragraph posting, address the four items below
What are the most important areas of personal growth that you have experienced as a communicator? Identify personal insights and communication competencies that are part of that growth.
What are some of the most useful theories and concepts that we examined in the class?
How can you apply some of the things that you learned during the semester to your professional life and to your current or future work?
What aspects of communication do you want to learn more about?
.
Discussion 1 Religion and Privilege For citizens in some countrie.docx
Discussion 1: Religion and Privilege
For citizens in some countries, religious oppression is common and long standing. While freedom of religion is guaranteed in the U.S., religious intolerance still exists. According to the Equal Opportunity Employment commission, the number of lawsuits filed for religious discrimination doubled between 2000–2010 (Pledger, 2011). Social workers must be alert for the complex ways that religious privilege functions. By creating an awareness of the privilege given to some while marginalizing others, social workers can understand how this bias impacts their clients.
Post an explanation of the connections between privilege and religion.
Describe a situation in which members of a religion experience privilege.
Describe a situation in which members of a religion experience religious oppression
.
References (use at least 2)
Adams, M., Blumenfeld, W. J., Castaneda, C., Hackman, H. W., Peters, M. L., & Zuniga, X. (Eds.). (2013).
Readings for diversity and social justice
. (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge Press.
Chapter 43, (pp. 237–242)
Chapter 44, (pp. 243–244)
Discussion 2: Self-Assessment
Competent social workers have many traits and characteristics, one of which is the ability to be self-reflective. The best way to begin critically thinking about the impact of ethnocentrism and racism is to start with oneself. How do these issues affect you? For this Discussion, think about when and how you became aware of your own racial identity and consider how this awareness has impacted your life.
Post an explanation of a time in your childhood when you became aware of your own racial identity (African American).
Be sure to include a description of how this newfound awareness impacted both your development and views of difference.
Please use the Learning Resources to support your answer.
References (use at least 2)
Cristol, D., & Gimbert, B. (2008). Racial perceptions of young children: A review of literature post-1999.
Early Childhood Education Journal, 36
(2), 201–207.
Patcher, L. M., Szalacha, L. A., Bernstein, B., & Garcia Coil, C. (2010). Perceptions of racism in children and youth: Properties as a self-report instrument for research on children’s health and development.
Ethnicity & Health, 15
(1), 33–46.
Zastrow, C. H., & Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2016).
Understanding human behavior and the social environment
(10th ed.)
.
Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Chapter 5 (pp. 254-294)
.
Discussion 1 Social and Economic JusticeThe Center for Economic a.docx
Discussion 1: Social and Economic Justice
The Center for Economic and Social Justice defines “social justice” as “giving to each what he or she is due.” “Economic justice” is concerned with determining what an individual’s “due” actually encompasses.
For this Discussion, select a case study in this week’s Readings. Review the case study, focusing on the social or economic justice issues at play in the situation described.
***Post
a description of a social or economic justice issue that is evident in the case. Suggest two strategies the social worker might employ to address the issue.
Reference: Center for Economic and Social Justice. (n.d.).
Defining economic justice and social justice
. Retrieved from June 11, 2013, from
http://www.cesj.org/thirdway/economicjustice-defined.htm
CASE STUDY:
Working With Survivors of Sexual Abuse and Trauma: The Case of Brenna
Brenna is an 18-year-old, heterosexual, African American female. She is pregnant, residing in a homeless shelter, and has no income source. Brenna was raised by her biological mother in a one-bedroom apartment in an urban neighborhood. When Brenna was 15 years old, her mother began dating a new man. This man sexually assaulted Brenna while they were home alone one evening. She immediately disclosed the sexual assault to her mother who called her a liar and told her to move out. Brenna then lived in a variety of situations, sometimes residing with friends for short periods and sometimes living in a youth shelter. During this period she attended high school intermittently but did not graduate.
After her 18th birthday, Brenna moved in with her boyfriend, Cameron. Also living in the household were Cameron’s mother, his 16-year-old sister, and a 7-year-old brother. Shortly after moving in with Cameron, Brenna became pregnant with his child. Prior to the pregnancy, Cameron would often abuse her physically, verbally, and emotionally. When Brenna announced the pregnancy, Cameron became even more violent, accused her of sleeping with other men, and denied paternity of the baby. When Brenna was 4 months pregnant, Cameron attempted to strangle her, so Brenna moved to a shelter. Although the shelter was willing to house Brenna and her newborn temporarily, their policy required Brenna to secure new living arrangements prior to giving birth.
I was assigned to be Brenna’s social work case manager at this shelter. Brenna and I worked together to set manageable goals during her stay at the shelter and also developed a plan for ongoing mental health support. Utilizing individual case manage- ment sessions, I worked with Brenna to prioritize goals regarding nancial stability, permanent housing, and medical care. Brenna had dif culty reading and writing, so we worked together to
PRACTICE
31
SOCIAL WORK CASE STUDIES: FOUNDATION YEAR
complete the applications for Medicaid; General Assistance; the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Chil- dren (WIC); and a local subsidized apartment.
Discussion 1Challenging BehaviorAfter reading Chapter 1 of t.docx
Discussion 1
Challenging Behavior
After reading Chapter 1 of the course text, write a response to the following question:
At what point does behavior become challenging? Include at least 3 examples of challenging behavior that are commonly seen in young children. Cite at least one source, in addition to course text, to substantiate your response.
(Due: Thursday 10/13)
Discussion 2
The Resilient Child
After reading Chapter 3 of the course text, write a response to the following question:
Why is it important for early childhood educators to have an understanding of resiliency? How could knowledge of a child’s risk and protective factors change your attitude and your behavior toward a child or her family?
(Due: Thursday 10/13)
Discussion 1 and 2 needs to be done separately... Please DO NOT put them on the same paper.
.
Discussion 1 Sara Parker and EthicsOne of the reasons there can.docx
Discussion 1: Sara Parker and Ethics
One of the reasons there can be so much debate about ethical issues is because ethics are opinions informed by people's values and people have different values. People can disagree about whether or not something is unethical, and, oftentimes, there is no right answer. In order to make decisions about what may be ethical or unethical, Yegidis (2012, p. 29) suggests focusing on these three questions:
"Who should benefit or suffer from the actions of the researcher?"
"Whose rights should take priority over those of others?"
"Does the end (increased knowledge) justify the means (the methods used to acquire it and their potential for harm)?"
For this Discussion, view the Sessions episode on the Parker family. As you do so, consider which, if any, ethical mandates or standards were violated.
·
Post
a response explaining your reaction to the Parker episode.
·
Be sure to address whether or not the social worker violated any ethical mandates or standards.
·
Also explain which strategies could have been used to guide ethical practice.
·
Finally, describe the responsibility of the social workers in the Parker case.
Please use the resources to support your answers.
References
Laureate Education. (Producer). (2013).
Parker Family [Video File]
. In Sessions.
Labott, S. M., & Johnson, T. P. (2004). Psychological and social risks of behavioral research. IRB: Ethics & Human Research, 26(3), 11–15.
Nicotera, N., & Walls, N. E. (2010). Challenging perceptions of academic research as bias free: Promoting a social justice framework in social work research methods courses. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 30(3), 334–350.
Parker Family Episode 4
Program Transcript
SOCIAL WORKER: Well, I think we should wrap things up. Does this same time
work for you next week?
SARA: Yes, it's fine.
SOCIAL WORKER: Let me give you an appointment card. By the way, something occurred to me that might interest you. I have a colleague that's doing a study on the impact of hoarding on family members. She wants to identify potential interventions. I think she'd love to talk to you and Stephanie.
SARA: Talk to me?
SOCIAL WORKER: She's paying participants in her study. I don't know how much.
SARA: Do I have to do it? I-- I just don't like people knowing my business.
SOCIAL WORKER: It's totally confidential and anonymous.
SARA: I don't know.
SOCIAL WORKER: I think it'd be a great opportunity for you.
SARA: I don't know. Would she have to come see my home? I mean, I don't like people seeing how I live.
SOCIAL WORKER: Don't worry about that. You should at least talk to her. Like I
said, there's some money in it for you. Can I give her your number?
THE END
Discussion 2: The Research Approval Process
The early years of the 20th century were host to a number of unethical research studies. Research involving the way that a young child reacts to and generalizes fear responses, medical experiments conducted i.
Discussion 1 Reflections on Qualitative Research for Social Change.docx
Discussion 1: Reflections on Qualitative Research for Social Change
Introduction: Social Change
In the recent years, the pursuit for institutions, “practical researchers” and individuals to join in the crusade for
social change
has been remarkable; as many people around the world are reaching out to their neighborhoods as a member of the community to contribute to the common good through research, service, and educational opportunities (
Yob
& Brewer, 2015. p.2). Social change constitutes a change in the nature, the social institutions, the social behavior or the social relations of a society, community of people, or other social structures (Walden University, 2016). Social change can be at the micro scale (that positively shape values, attitudes and behaviors) or at the macro scale (that positively shape
economies, religion and families).
The Essence of Social Change to a Walden Student
Yob
& Brewer (2015) observed that the term “social change” has been defined and analyzed across the academic disciplines, reflecting the particular perspective of that discipline and its research agenda. Prominent among the definition of
social change
are the concepts of
social justice
and
equity
which have been significant in discussions of social change in education, psychology, and social and cultural studies (Curry-Stevens, 2007; Drury &
Reicher
, 2009;
Moely
,
Furco
, & Reed, 2008; and
Peterson, 2009, as were cited in
Yob
& Brewer (2015). There are as many definitions for
social change
as we have social scientists. However
Hoff and
Hickling
-Hudson (2011), supporting the definition of
Aloni
(2002), provided the definition which places social change as “challenging trends of discrimination, exploitation, oppression, and subjugation displayed by groups who regard themselves as favored and, thus, take privileges for themselves and deprive other groups of the right to a dignified life” (p. 189). In this context, “
change”
as is used in the “social change” is defined here in positive and value-laden terms that relate more particularly to the agents of social change than to others they might want to change.
There is a great range and variation in the roles and positions that researchers takes up in research, as was observed by
Ravitch
& Carl (2016).
Over the years (
more than 45 years), Walden University has produced career professionals with the opportunity to transform themselves as scholar-practitioners so that they can apply what
they’ve
learned to effect positive social change. Walden is focused on inspiring and celebrating the remarkable achievements of community members who continue to make a difference by addressing challenges where they live, in their professions, and in the world around them. This was a major factor that attracted me to pursue a
programme
at Walden. In our sub-region, (the sub-Sahara Africa), addressing the issue of social change from the national perspective has not been as significant relative to the.
Discussion 1As of my experience and observations mainly there ar.docx
Discussion 1
As of my experience and observations mainly there are Two key themes in contemporary information systems development there are First one is: how to build and issue systems in tinier time settings second one is: how to empower development clusters to build systems in a consistent manner. This is reflected in present days’ principal fashionable this information system development methods such as nimble, their characteristic feature being an unambiguous prominence on unremitting, appropriate proclamations and a simplification of operative cluster association and announcement. As of my experience and observations most of the software developers we reconnoitre the personal property of cluster consistency and two categories of time pressure, deterrent and challenge, on the decision-making eminence of system development clusters. The challenge time pressure and cluster consistency to have a optimistic consequence with interruption time pressure having no substantial influence.
As well working composed in a consistent cluster, petite, system development cycles mean that Software Development clusters obligation similarly work under fluctuating gradations of time pressure. Most studies in this field of information systems development and software development on time pressure measure time as a rectilinear hypothesis and enumerate it in terms of time ancient history. In this Developments I observed One of the major matters with these revisions nevertheless is that they frequently harvest contradictory consequences and as hitherto, there is no any approved and comprehensive hypothetical empathetic of the time pressure hypothesis.
In my experience, I would like to share one example, some outcomes recommend that software development clusters achieve improved under time pressure. So far others recommend that clusters accomplish improved up to a convinced argument after which presentation deteriorations, important to the generally recognized reversed-U model. It is clear that time pressure is a multipart hypothesis and while typically scrutinized as a linear hypothesis, nonlinear associations are conceivable. With a present prominence in information system development and in particular software development on clusters conclusion production in pressurized environments it is domineering that investigators endure to gain larger empathetic of the anthropological behavioural characteristic of the decision-making development. Sympathetic how clusters work composed under time pressure is a key goal in development system and its essential to entirely appreciate this complication and help comprehend accurately how and if time pressure and consistency influence of software development clusters.
Seeming Time Pressure in Teams
Time pressure is abstractly diverse from insistence. Perseverance is a unchanging peculiarity that reproduces a anxiety for time and a feeling of being recurrently pressurized In disparity, time pressure is an assessment of the task si.
Discussion 1Body Image Please respond to the followingDebate.docx
Discussion 1:
"Body Image" Please respond to the following:
Debate It – take a position on this statement: Media cause individuals to develop negative and unrealistic body images. Support your views with two or three reasons and / or examples. (Cite any sources you referenced.)
Debate It – take a position on this statement: Males and females are both targeted about body image to the same extent by advertisers. Support your views with one or two reasons and / or examples. (Cite any sources you referenced.)
Discussion 2:
"Do Video Games Encourage Sexist Behavior?" Please respond to the following:
Discuss one or two conflicting issues involving the view that video games encourage sexist behavior.
Debate It – Take a position on this statement: Violent video games encourage sexist behavior in adolescent and adult men. Support your views with two or three reasons and / or examples. (Cite any sources you referenced.)
.
Discussion 1 Influence of Classical Democratic TheoristsSince anc.docx
Discussion 1: Influence of Classical Democratic Theorists
Since ancient times, the idea of how people should govern has been a mainstay of philosophers and political theorists. One of the most enduring notions to emerge from early theorists is the basic belief that people are capable of governing themselves. The concept of democratic governance developed out of those early intellectual discussions. Democratic governance enjoys widespread acceptance in many parts of the world today. Yet, the exact meaning of democratic governance and how it should be implemented still remains a topic of debate. Democratic theory has evolved because of contributions from classical democratic theorists such as Aristotle, Plato, Rousseau, Locke, and Jefferson. It is important to consider of the ideas of these classical theorists when thinking about modern democratic theory.
To prepare for this Discussion
Review the Course Introduction. Keep this overview in mind as you work through each week of the course.
Review the article “American Nightmare: Neoliberalism, Neoconservatism, and De-Democratization” in this week’s Learning Resources. Think about the effects of political democratic theories on contemporary democracy.
Review the article “Rhetoric and the Public Sphere: Has Deliberative Democracy Abandoned Mass Democracy?” in this week’s Learning Resources. Consider how Plato’s theory of deliberative democracy influenced contemporary theories of democracy.
Review the articles “John Locke” and “Jean Jacques Rousseau” in this week’s Learning Resources. Think about how social contract theory is related to contemporary democratic theory.
Select at least one classical democratic theorist and consider his influence on contemporary democratic theory.
With these thoughts in mind:
Post by Day 3
an analysis of the influence of at least one classical democratic theorist on modern democratic theory. Be specific and provide examples.
.
Discussion 11-Mitosis and meiosis are important processes. a) What.docx
Discussion 11
-Mitosis and meiosis are important processes. a) What does each accomplish; b) where in the human body can each occur and c) how do the cells produced compare in chromosome number to the parent cells?
Discussion 12
- Assumed simple dominant and recessive genetics apply for this discussion. You are looking at two people, one shows a dominant phenotype (in this example a tall person) and the other a recessive phenotype (in this example a short person). Is it possible to positively determine the genotype of either person? If so which one and why. Explain your answer.
.
More Related Content
Similar to Discussion 1 Social Security and Social Welfare ProgramsFor years.docx
Vantage point magazine
New "flip book" eMagazine is available for you right here. The value of insurance is front and center in this new publication which features an easy to use flip book feature. VantagePoint magazine is an independently produced quarterly publication that offers valuable information for mature adults (55+).
From General Motors company’s financial information, what type of pe.pdf
From General Motors company’s financial information, what type of pension plan does it have?
Discuss the reasons why your company has chosen this particular plan.
What was the effect of the pension plan on General Motors company’s financial statements?
Defend your response.
Your CEO has informed you—the controller of General Motors company—that the board of
directors has made the decision to look at other options of
types of retirement plans. Investigate what other alternatives would be available, and determine
which would be appropriate for your particular company.
Solution
Types of Pensions
Employment-based pensions
A retirement plan is an arrangement to provide people with an income during retirement when
they are no longer earning a steady income from employment. Often retirement plans require
both the employer and employee to contribute money to a fund during their employment in order
to receive defined benefits upon retirement. It is a tax deferred savings vehicle that allows for the
tax-free accumulation of a fund for later use as a retirement income. Funding can be provided in
other ways, such as from labor unions, government agencies, or self-funded schemes. Pension
plans are therefore a form of \"deferred compensation\"
Social and state pensions
Many countries have created funds for their citizens and residents to provide income when they
retire (or in some cases become disabled). Typically this requires payments throughout the
citizen\'s working life in order to qualify for benefits later on. A basic state pension is a
\"contribution based\" benefit, and depends on an individual\'s contribution history. For
examples, see National Insurance in the UK, or Social Security in the United States of America.
Many countries have also put in place a \"social pension\". These are regular, tax-funded non-
contributory cash transfers paid to older people. Over 80 countries have social pensions.[4] Some
are universal benefits, given to all older people regardless of income, assets or employment
record. Examples of universal pensions include Zealand Superannuationand the Basic
Retirement Pension of Mauritius Most social pensions, though, are means-tested, such as
Supplemental Security Income in the United States of America or the \"older person\'s grant\" in
South Africa.
Disability pensions
Some pension plans will provide for members in the event they suffer a disability. This may take
the form of early entry into a retirement plan for a disabled member below the normal retirement
age.
Benefits
Retirement plans may be classified as defined benefit or defined contribution according to how
the benefits are determined.[8] A defined benefit plan guarantees a certain payout at retirement,
according to a fixed formula which usually depends on the member\'s salary and the number of
years\' membership in the plan. A defined contribution plan will provide a payout at retirement
that is dependent upon the amount of money contributed and the performance o.
Pension Plans and Social Security
Defined contribution plans such as 401(k)s and IRAs became popular alternatives to defined benefit pension plans due to lower costs and risk for employers. With defined contribution plans, contributions are defined but the retirement amount depends on investment returns. Employees control investment choices and bear investment risk. Maximum annual contributions are $16,500 for 401(k)s and $5,000-$6,000 for IRAs, depending on age. Traditional IRA contributions are tax deductible while Roth IRA contributions are not tax deductible but withdrawals are tax free. Income limits apply for deductible IRA contributions.
The Benefits Of Social Security
The document discusses the history and benefits of Social Security in the United States. It was established in 1935 to provide financial assistance to retired, disabled, or deceased workers' families. Today, over 155 million people receive over $1 trillion in benefits annually. Benefits include retirement payments, disability insurance, and survivor benefits for spouses and children. However, concerns have been raised about Social Security's long-term financial stability due to changing demographics.
LECTUREUnit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you should b.docx
LECTURE
Unit Objectives
After completing this unit, you should be able to
define
moral hazard
,
adverse selection
, and
cost-shifting
identify the major public programs for the financing of health care
compare and contrast Medicare and Medicaid
list and describe the four sub-programs of Medicare
describe different reimbursement approaches for health services
Unit Lecture
When asked how health care services are paid for, many of us think immediately of health insurance. However, we typically don't think about the dynamics behind health insurance or the various types of programs through which it is delivered. At its most basic level,
health insurance
is a tool for mitigating risk. An individual purchases health insurance to mitigate the risk of having to pay an enormous medical bill in the event of sickness or injury.
Those who provide health insurance—insurance companies—also work to mitigate risk, albeit from the other side. They attempt to create a risk pool containing a large number of healthy people to offset the expenses accrued by those who do get sick or injured.
Premiums
, the fees paid for ownership of health insurance, are used to subsidize the cost of the health care provided to those who use the insurance.
Factors that insurance companies need to be mindful of include
moral hazard
, whereby an insured individual is more prone to seek care than if he or she were paying the medical bill him- or herself; and
adverse selection
, whereby insurance is mainly purchased by those most in need of it. As with any financial enterprise, if the costs of providing the product or service exceed the revenue, the company goes out of business.
There are several types of insurance programs, both public and private. Together, these programs cover not only individual health services, but public health services, research, and the administration of the delivery and financing of health care in the United States. The majority of public and private expenditures—approximately 81 percent—are directed toward hospital care, provider and clinical services, long-term care, and prescription drug provision (Kovner & Knickman, 2011).
As mentioned in the week 4 lecture, health insurance is a relatively new mechanism for financing health services, and it has grown substantially since the mid-1900s, when only 9 percent of the US population had health insurance (Blumberg & Davidson, 2009). Health insurance can be broken down into private and public insurance.
Private health insurance
is primarily employment-based, meaning that individuals receive coverage through commercial health insurance plans for which their employers either pay the premiums or subsidize them, with the employee paying the balance.
Some larger employers choose to self-insure, which means that they administer their own plans and accept the financial risk of doing so. In essence, they act as the insurer of their employees.
Some individuals, either through necessity or choice, opt to purchase t.
July Newsletter 2011 Pacific Advisors
The passage discusses how Social Security is facing insolvency by 2036 unless reforms are made. It notes that even long-time defenders of Social Security like AARP now acknowledge cuts to benefits are inevitable. As a result, individuals will need to significantly increase personal savings to make up for reduced future Social Security income. The passage provides strategies for boosting savings, such as increasing income, reducing expenses, and reallocating assets.
What is social welfare policy Why should we study it What is the r.pdf
What is social welfare policy? Why should we study it? What is the relationship between social
welfare policy and the provision of social welfare services? Discuss how values and beliefs guide
policy and influence the U.S. social welfare system. Discuss some of the values and beliefs that
resonated with you.
Solution
Social Welfare Policy
The social welfare policy is social services provided by a government for its citizens. Examples
of social welfare in the United States include Medicare, Medicaid, temporary assistance for
needy families, food benefits and section 8 housing assistance. Other programs, such as workers
compensation, unemployment insurance and Social Security benefits are also considered social
welfare programs.
The social welfare policy refers to both goals of collective responsibilities and to a set of services
for carrying out those responsibilities. Set of laws and administrative rules that define the
purposes of public social welfare and authorize organizations to work toward accomplishment of
those purposes.
Social Welfare Services
Welfare provision serves mainly the physical and material interests of recipients. Interests are
linked both with people\'s needs, which are socially defined, and with what people want. If
people can be mistaken about where their interests lie, their welfare will not be served by
considering their wants alone. Social welfare is not simply the sum of individual welfares, and
one concept cannot be derived from the other. Some interests may be held in common. Equally,
however, there may be conflicts between interests, and some may bear costs for the benefit of
others.
values and beliefs guide policy and influence the U.S. social welfare system
The Emergency Relief and Construction Act of 1932 was the first social welfare policy in the
United States. This act provided $300 million in temporary loans to states. These funds were
allocated to citizens that had been severely impacted by the Great Depression.
After this act was passed, it became evident that many citizens needed more assistance. As a
result, the Federal Relief Act of 1933 was passed to provided $1 billion in additional social
support for the poorest citizens. The Social Security Act of 1935 was also passed to provide aid
to specific groups, such as children, the elderly and the disabled.
Social welfare policies remained relatively unchanged until welfare reform in 1996. This was a
drastic change from previous policies because for the first time, recipients of public assistance
were required to work in order to receive aid. Since this time, many debates have centered on
who deserves social welfare aid and how much support should be given..
Viewpoint_Issue_4
The document discusses retirement planning and pensions in the UK. It finds that while 74% have made some provision for retirement, 26% have made no provisions. People are confused by the complex pensions system and lack of clarity in terminology. Many feel unprepared for retirement due to a lack of pension planning and over-reliance on the state pension. Improving communication about retirement planning and pensions is needed to increase understanding and confidence.
Implementing-Defined-Contribution-Pension-Reform
This document summarizes a report on shifting public pension plans from defined benefit to defined contribution models. It discusses how the private sector led the shift to defined contribution plans in the 1970s-80s due to changes in tax law and accounting standards. It then examines how the federal government implemented a similar reform for federal workers in the 1980s through a new defined contribution plan paired with a reduced defined benefit plan. The document uses these cases to argue public sector employers can achieve fiscal sustainability by implementing a similar pension reform approach.
Retrieved from httpwww.socialwelfarehistory.comrecollections.docx
Retrieved from: http://www.socialwelfarehistory.com/recollections/current-issues-and-programs-in-social-welfare/ 1
Bottom of Form
Current Issues and Programs in Social Welfare
by Dr. Jerry Marx, Social Work Department, University of New Hampshire
Social Insurance Programs
Social Security
American social welfare, thanks to Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the Social Security Act of 1935, is furthered currently by two major categories of cash support programs: social insurances? and public assistance?.1 Social insurances are based on the prior earnings and payroll contributions of an individual, while public assistance, commonly known as “welfare,” is based on the financial need of an individual. The primary social insurance programs today in America are Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance, Unemployment Insurance, and Workers Compensation.
Let’s begin with ((Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance)), commonly referred to as “social security.” Social security, like other social insurances, is an example of a “universal” program, because American citizens are entitled to participate in the program as a social right.2 In other words, program participation in not based on financial need. Social security constituted one-fifth of all federal government spending in 1995.3 In that year, a total of $332.6 billion was spent on the program. Funding for social security actually comes from a payroll tax, which is shared in an equal proportion by the employer and employee. A practice begun during the Nixon Administration, social security benefits are adjusted when the cost of living increases.4
To receive benefits, a person must contribute payroll taxes during their working years.5 Those individuals contributing payroll taxes for a minimum of 10 years (i.e., 40 quarters in social security eligibility terms) are covered permanently under the program. Individual benefit levels are determined by the level of covered earnings (i.e., how much money paid in) and the age of retirement.
The “disability insurance” part of social security assists adults between the ages of 18 and 64 who are unable to engage in substantial employment.6 When the individual turns 65 years of age, “disability benefits” automatically become “old-age” benefits. To receive disability benefits, an individual must show medical proof of a disability and proof that the disability prevents “gainful employment.” “Survivors insurance” covers children under 18 years of age, dependent parents, and dependent widowers or widows. These categories of recipients receive benefits when an insured worker dies.
A fundamental point to remember is that social security is a very effective anti-poverty program! Most recipients are raised above the poverty line by social security. In 1992, only 14% of people aged 65 or older lived in poverty in the United States – thanks in large part to social security benefits!7
Unemployment Insurance
Unemployment insurance is a second major social insurance progra ...
Similar to Discussion 1 Social Security and Social Welfare ProgramsFor years.docx (10)
From General Motors company’s financial information, what type of pe.pdf
From General Motors company’s financial information, what type of pe.pdf
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LECTUREUnit ObjectivesAfter completing this unit, you should b.docx
What is social welfare policy Why should we study it What is the r.pdf
What is social welfare policy Why should we study it What is the r.pdf
Retrieved from httpwww.socialwelfarehistory.comrecollections.docx
Retrieved from httpwww.socialwelfarehistory.comrecollections.docx
More from eve2xjazwa
Discussion 1Choose any four ‘causes’ of change within a projec.docx
Discussion 1
Choose any four ‘causes’ of change within a project in table 9.1 in the text. Provide a project example and scenario, and describe the impact of each change. Was there a level of change control in the project examples that tracked ownership, documentation and approval of these changes?
Discussion 2
The identification of all changes to a project is only the first step for ensuring a control system is in place. Describe the detailed steps you would implement for your project to ensure an entire change control process is in place. Consider the following topics in your answer: documentation, analysis, approval and implementation. Why is the baseline configuration important to this topic?
.
DISCUSSION 1Community and Health Information Networks Please .docx
A key trend supporting CHINs and RHINOs is increased data sharing across organizations to improve care coordination. Transitioning from CHINs to RHINOs has more benefits than challenges as it allows for broader sharing of health information across larger regions. Integrating CPOE and CDSS into EHRs has the advantage of catching errors and providing treatment recommendations to improve patient safety and outcomes. Electronic database systems are more efficient than paper records as they reduce errors, save space, and allow easy access to records. The main advantages of EMRs are reduced errors, easy sharing of information, and improved treatment while the disadvantages include costs of implementation and concerns about privacy and security.
Discussion 10 Concluding the SemesterPurposeThis assignment is .docx
Discussion 10: Concluding the Semester
Purpose
This assignment is closely tied to specific course objectives. Two of the major primary course objectives of CST 100 are that students show respect for ethical codes that govern spoken discourse, such as tolerance for differences of opinion, preference for civility and that students will demonstrate increased understanding and appreciation of the communication process as it relates to speaker and listener interactions. By completing this assignment students will reflect on the things they learned and articulate important lasting lessons of public speaking.
Directions
Part 1: Initial Post
Find the due date for this part on the course calendar.
As we conclude the semester, reflect on some of the things that you learned about public speaking and your growth as a communicator throughout the semester.
In a 3-4 paragraph posting, address the four items below
What are the most important areas of personal growth that you have experienced as a communicator? Identify personal insights and communication competencies that are part of that growth.
What are some of the most useful theories and concepts that we examined in the class?
How can you apply some of the things that you learned during the semester to your professional life and to your current or future work?
What aspects of communication do you want to learn more about?
.
Discussion 1 Religion and Privilege For citizens in some countrie.docx
Discussion 1: Religion and Privilege
For citizens in some countries, religious oppression is common and long standing. While freedom of religion is guaranteed in the U.S., religious intolerance still exists. According to the Equal Opportunity Employment commission, the number of lawsuits filed for religious discrimination doubled between 2000–2010 (Pledger, 2011). Social workers must be alert for the complex ways that religious privilege functions. By creating an awareness of the privilege given to some while marginalizing others, social workers can understand how this bias impacts their clients.
Post an explanation of the connections between privilege and religion.
Describe a situation in which members of a religion experience privilege.
Describe a situation in which members of a religion experience religious oppression
.
References (use at least 2)
Adams, M., Blumenfeld, W. J., Castaneda, C., Hackman, H. W., Peters, M. L., & Zuniga, X. (Eds.). (2013).
Readings for diversity and social justice
. (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge Press.
Chapter 43, (pp. 237–242)
Chapter 44, (pp. 243–244)
Discussion 2: Self-Assessment
Competent social workers have many traits and characteristics, one of which is the ability to be self-reflective. The best way to begin critically thinking about the impact of ethnocentrism and racism is to start with oneself. How do these issues affect you? For this Discussion, think about when and how you became aware of your own racial identity and consider how this awareness has impacted your life.
Post an explanation of a time in your childhood when you became aware of your own racial identity (African American).
Be sure to include a description of how this newfound awareness impacted both your development and views of difference.
Please use the Learning Resources to support your answer.
References (use at least 2)
Cristol, D., & Gimbert, B. (2008). Racial perceptions of young children: A review of literature post-1999.
Early Childhood Education Journal, 36
(2), 201–207.
Patcher, L. M., Szalacha, L. A., Bernstein, B., & Garcia Coil, C. (2010). Perceptions of racism in children and youth: Properties as a self-report instrument for research on children’s health and development.
Ethnicity & Health, 15
(1), 33–46.
Zastrow, C. H., & Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2016).
Understanding human behavior and the social environment
(10th ed.)
.
Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Chapter 5 (pp. 254-294)
.
Discussion 1 Social and Economic JusticeThe Center for Economic a.docx
Discussion 1: Social and Economic Justice
The Center for Economic and Social Justice defines “social justice” as “giving to each what he or she is due.” “Economic justice” is concerned with determining what an individual’s “due” actually encompasses.
For this Discussion, select a case study in this week’s Readings. Review the case study, focusing on the social or economic justice issues at play in the situation described.
***Post
a description of a social or economic justice issue that is evident in the case. Suggest two strategies the social worker might employ to address the issue.
Reference: Center for Economic and Social Justice. (n.d.).
Defining economic justice and social justice
. Retrieved from June 11, 2013, from
http://www.cesj.org/thirdway/economicjustice-defined.htm
CASE STUDY:
Working With Survivors of Sexual Abuse and Trauma: The Case of Brenna
Brenna is an 18-year-old, heterosexual, African American female. She is pregnant, residing in a homeless shelter, and has no income source. Brenna was raised by her biological mother in a one-bedroom apartment in an urban neighborhood. When Brenna was 15 years old, her mother began dating a new man. This man sexually assaulted Brenna while they were home alone one evening. She immediately disclosed the sexual assault to her mother who called her a liar and told her to move out. Brenna then lived in a variety of situations, sometimes residing with friends for short periods and sometimes living in a youth shelter. During this period she attended high school intermittently but did not graduate.
After her 18th birthday, Brenna moved in with her boyfriend, Cameron. Also living in the household were Cameron’s mother, his 16-year-old sister, and a 7-year-old brother. Shortly after moving in with Cameron, Brenna became pregnant with his child. Prior to the pregnancy, Cameron would often abuse her physically, verbally, and emotionally. When Brenna announced the pregnancy, Cameron became even more violent, accused her of sleeping with other men, and denied paternity of the baby. When Brenna was 4 months pregnant, Cameron attempted to strangle her, so Brenna moved to a shelter. Although the shelter was willing to house Brenna and her newborn temporarily, their policy required Brenna to secure new living arrangements prior to giving birth.
I was assigned to be Brenna’s social work case manager at this shelter. Brenna and I worked together to set manageable goals during her stay at the shelter and also developed a plan for ongoing mental health support. Utilizing individual case manage- ment sessions, I worked with Brenna to prioritize goals regarding nancial stability, permanent housing, and medical care. Brenna had dif culty reading and writing, so we worked together to
PRACTICE
31
SOCIAL WORK CASE STUDIES: FOUNDATION YEAR
complete the applications for Medicaid; General Assistance; the Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Chil- dren (WIC); and a local subsidized apartment.
Discussion 1Challenging BehaviorAfter reading Chapter 1 of t.docx
Discussion 1
Challenging Behavior
After reading Chapter 1 of the course text, write a response to the following question:
At what point does behavior become challenging? Include at least 3 examples of challenging behavior that are commonly seen in young children. Cite at least one source, in addition to course text, to substantiate your response.
(Due: Thursday 10/13)
Discussion 2
The Resilient Child
After reading Chapter 3 of the course text, write a response to the following question:
Why is it important for early childhood educators to have an understanding of resiliency? How could knowledge of a child’s risk and protective factors change your attitude and your behavior toward a child or her family?
(Due: Thursday 10/13)
Discussion 1 and 2 needs to be done separately... Please DO NOT put them on the same paper.
.
Discussion 1 Sara Parker and EthicsOne of the reasons there can.docx
Discussion 1: Sara Parker and Ethics
One of the reasons there can be so much debate about ethical issues is because ethics are opinions informed by people's values and people have different values. People can disagree about whether or not something is unethical, and, oftentimes, there is no right answer. In order to make decisions about what may be ethical or unethical, Yegidis (2012, p. 29) suggests focusing on these three questions:
"Who should benefit or suffer from the actions of the researcher?"
"Whose rights should take priority over those of others?"
"Does the end (increased knowledge) justify the means (the methods used to acquire it and their potential for harm)?"
For this Discussion, view the Sessions episode on the Parker family. As you do so, consider which, if any, ethical mandates or standards were violated.
·
Post
a response explaining your reaction to the Parker episode.
·
Be sure to address whether or not the social worker violated any ethical mandates or standards.
·
Also explain which strategies could have been used to guide ethical practice.
·
Finally, describe the responsibility of the social workers in the Parker case.
Please use the resources to support your answers.
References
Laureate Education. (Producer). (2013).
Parker Family [Video File]
. In Sessions.
Labott, S. M., & Johnson, T. P. (2004). Psychological and social risks of behavioral research. IRB: Ethics & Human Research, 26(3), 11–15.
Nicotera, N., & Walls, N. E. (2010). Challenging perceptions of academic research as bias free: Promoting a social justice framework in social work research methods courses. Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 30(3), 334–350.
Parker Family Episode 4
Program Transcript
SOCIAL WORKER: Well, I think we should wrap things up. Does this same time
work for you next week?
SARA: Yes, it's fine.
SOCIAL WORKER: Let me give you an appointment card. By the way, something occurred to me that might interest you. I have a colleague that's doing a study on the impact of hoarding on family members. She wants to identify potential interventions. I think she'd love to talk to you and Stephanie.
SARA: Talk to me?
SOCIAL WORKER: She's paying participants in her study. I don't know how much.
SARA: Do I have to do it? I-- I just don't like people knowing my business.
SOCIAL WORKER: It's totally confidential and anonymous.
SARA: I don't know.
SOCIAL WORKER: I think it'd be a great opportunity for you.
SARA: I don't know. Would she have to come see my home? I mean, I don't like people seeing how I live.
SOCIAL WORKER: Don't worry about that. You should at least talk to her. Like I
said, there's some money in it for you. Can I give her your number?
THE END
Discussion 2: The Research Approval Process
The early years of the 20th century were host to a number of unethical research studies. Research involving the way that a young child reacts to and generalizes fear responses, medical experiments conducted i.
Discussion 1 Reflections on Qualitative Research for Social Change.docx
Discussion 1: Reflections on Qualitative Research for Social Change
Introduction: Social Change
In the recent years, the pursuit for institutions, “practical researchers” and individuals to join in the crusade for
social change
has been remarkable; as many people around the world are reaching out to their neighborhoods as a member of the community to contribute to the common good through research, service, and educational opportunities (
Yob
& Brewer, 2015. p.2). Social change constitutes a change in the nature, the social institutions, the social behavior or the social relations of a society, community of people, or other social structures (Walden University, 2016). Social change can be at the micro scale (that positively shape values, attitudes and behaviors) or at the macro scale (that positively shape
economies, religion and families).
The Essence of Social Change to a Walden Student
Yob
& Brewer (2015) observed that the term “social change” has been defined and analyzed across the academic disciplines, reflecting the particular perspective of that discipline and its research agenda. Prominent among the definition of
social change
are the concepts of
social justice
and
equity
which have been significant in discussions of social change in education, psychology, and social and cultural studies (Curry-Stevens, 2007; Drury &
Reicher
, 2009;
Moely
,
Furco
, & Reed, 2008; and
Peterson, 2009, as were cited in
Yob
& Brewer (2015). There are as many definitions for
social change
as we have social scientists. However
Hoff and
Hickling
-Hudson (2011), supporting the definition of
Aloni
(2002), provided the definition which places social change as “challenging trends of discrimination, exploitation, oppression, and subjugation displayed by groups who regard themselves as favored and, thus, take privileges for themselves and deprive other groups of the right to a dignified life” (p. 189). In this context, “
change”
as is used in the “social change” is defined here in positive and value-laden terms that relate more particularly to the agents of social change than to others they might want to change.
There is a great range and variation in the roles and positions that researchers takes up in research, as was observed by
Ravitch
& Carl (2016).
Over the years (
more than 45 years), Walden University has produced career professionals with the opportunity to transform themselves as scholar-practitioners so that they can apply what
they’ve
learned to effect positive social change. Walden is focused on inspiring and celebrating the remarkable achievements of community members who continue to make a difference by addressing challenges where they live, in their professions, and in the world around them. This was a major factor that attracted me to pursue a
programme
at Walden. In our sub-region, (the sub-Sahara Africa), addressing the issue of social change from the national perspective has not been as significant relative to the.
Discussion 1As of my experience and observations mainly there ar.docx
Discussion 1
As of my experience and observations mainly there are Two key themes in contemporary information systems development there are First one is: how to build and issue systems in tinier time settings second one is: how to empower development clusters to build systems in a consistent manner. This is reflected in present days’ principal fashionable this information system development methods such as nimble, their characteristic feature being an unambiguous prominence on unremitting, appropriate proclamations and a simplification of operative cluster association and announcement. As of my experience and observations most of the software developers we reconnoitre the personal property of cluster consistency and two categories of time pressure, deterrent and challenge, on the decision-making eminence of system development clusters. The challenge time pressure and cluster consistency to have a optimistic consequence with interruption time pressure having no substantial influence.
As well working composed in a consistent cluster, petite, system development cycles mean that Software Development clusters obligation similarly work under fluctuating gradations of time pressure. Most studies in this field of information systems development and software development on time pressure measure time as a rectilinear hypothesis and enumerate it in terms of time ancient history. In this Developments I observed One of the major matters with these revisions nevertheless is that they frequently harvest contradictory consequences and as hitherto, there is no any approved and comprehensive hypothetical empathetic of the time pressure hypothesis.
In my experience, I would like to share one example, some outcomes recommend that software development clusters achieve improved under time pressure. So far others recommend that clusters accomplish improved up to a convinced argument after which presentation deteriorations, important to the generally recognized reversed-U model. It is clear that time pressure is a multipart hypothesis and while typically scrutinized as a linear hypothesis, nonlinear associations are conceivable. With a present prominence in information system development and in particular software development on clusters conclusion production in pressurized environments it is domineering that investigators endure to gain larger empathetic of the anthropological behavioural characteristic of the decision-making development. Sympathetic how clusters work composed under time pressure is a key goal in development system and its essential to entirely appreciate this complication and help comprehend accurately how and if time pressure and consistency influence of software development clusters.
Seeming Time Pressure in Teams
Time pressure is abstractly diverse from insistence. Perseverance is a unchanging peculiarity that reproduces a anxiety for time and a feeling of being recurrently pressurized In disparity, time pressure is an assessment of the task si.
Discussion 1Body Image Please respond to the followingDebate.docx
Discussion 1:
"Body Image" Please respond to the following:
Debate It – take a position on this statement: Media cause individuals to develop negative and unrealistic body images. Support your views with two or three reasons and / or examples. (Cite any sources you referenced.)
Debate It – take a position on this statement: Males and females are both targeted about body image to the same extent by advertisers. Support your views with one or two reasons and / or examples. (Cite any sources you referenced.)
Discussion 2:
"Do Video Games Encourage Sexist Behavior?" Please respond to the following:
Discuss one or two conflicting issues involving the view that video games encourage sexist behavior.
Debate It – Take a position on this statement: Violent video games encourage sexist behavior in adolescent and adult men. Support your views with two or three reasons and / or examples. (Cite any sources you referenced.)
.
Discussion 1 Influence of Classical Democratic TheoristsSince anc.docx
Discussion 1: Influence of Classical Democratic Theorists
Since ancient times, the idea of how people should govern has been a mainstay of philosophers and political theorists. One of the most enduring notions to emerge from early theorists is the basic belief that people are capable of governing themselves. The concept of democratic governance developed out of those early intellectual discussions. Democratic governance enjoys widespread acceptance in many parts of the world today. Yet, the exact meaning of democratic governance and how it should be implemented still remains a topic of debate. Democratic theory has evolved because of contributions from classical democratic theorists such as Aristotle, Plato, Rousseau, Locke, and Jefferson. It is important to consider of the ideas of these classical theorists when thinking about modern democratic theory.
To prepare for this Discussion
Review the Course Introduction. Keep this overview in mind as you work through each week of the course.
Review the article “American Nightmare: Neoliberalism, Neoconservatism, and De-Democratization” in this week’s Learning Resources. Think about the effects of political democratic theories on contemporary democracy.
Review the article “Rhetoric and the Public Sphere: Has Deliberative Democracy Abandoned Mass Democracy?” in this week’s Learning Resources. Consider how Plato’s theory of deliberative democracy influenced contemporary theories of democracy.
Review the articles “John Locke” and “Jean Jacques Rousseau” in this week’s Learning Resources. Think about how social contract theory is related to contemporary democratic theory.
Select at least one classical democratic theorist and consider his influence on contemporary democratic theory.
With these thoughts in mind:
Post by Day 3
an analysis of the influence of at least one classical democratic theorist on modern democratic theory. Be specific and provide examples.
.
Discussion 11-Mitosis and meiosis are important processes. a) What.docx
Discussion 11
-Mitosis and meiosis are important processes. a) What does each accomplish; b) where in the human body can each occur and c) how do the cells produced compare in chromosome number to the parent cells?
Discussion 12
- Assumed simple dominant and recessive genetics apply for this discussion. You are looking at two people, one shows a dominant phenotype (in this example a tall person) and the other a recessive phenotype (in this example a short person). Is it possible to positively determine the genotype of either person? If so which one and why. Explain your answer.
.
Discussion 1 Coding Scholar of Change of Video # 3 (John Anner) .docx
Discussion 1: Coding Scholar of Change of Video # 3 (John Anner)
Brief Description of the Video
The scholar of change video (program transcript) was presented by John Anner, a PhD candidate in Public Policy Administration (with concentration on International Non-governmental Organizations. – Walden University.
Over the years, Anner have been
focusing on agricultural problems in Africa and the Caribbean, and later joined the Peace Corps, where he worked as a Peace Corps volunteer in agriculture in Mauritania and West Africa.
Anner has been a
practitioner for almost 30 years and quest to acquire a PhD is to enable him add some intellectual and academic rigor to his work.
He hope to
bring to bear, his knowledge, experience and understanding to build national policy networks targeted at addressing directed social problems.
Coding the Scholar Change
A code in qualitative inquiry is most often a word or a short phrase that symbolically assigns a summative, a summary, a salient or essence-capturing attribute, for some portion of language, or visual data (
Saldana, 2016)
. My coding preference will be the use of the Excel spreadsheet with the labelling of the columns to include; the video code number (under this, I’ll have my notes), the name of the student, gender, program of study, subject matter/topic, what happened in the video (under this I’ll have my transcript which will capture my report content), quick memo.
To demonstrate the first coding, for instance, I’ll have the following; under the column for video code number (I’ll have video #3), the column for the name of the student (I’ll have
John Anner
), under gender column (
male
), program of study (
PhD in Public Policy Administration
), subject matter/topic (
scholar of change
), under the transcript (I’ll have
focused his attention on agricultural problems in Africa and the Caribbean, and later joined the Peace Corps, and worked as a Peace Corps volunteer in agriculture in Mauritania, West Africa;
a practitioner for almost 30 years; his quest to acquire a PhD is to enable him add some intellectual and academic rigor to his work).
Explaining My Choice of Coding
Another attractive aspect of this qualitative coding system is the insertion of a column for
memos
. “Memos are a very important part of qualitative data analysis process because they offer a great platform to put very short notes which can be expanded and placed in in the researcher’s analytic memo notebook” (
Laureate Education - Producer, 2016). Again at periods of data analysis and reflections, a memo will enable the interviewer to
know what part of the text (or the questionnaire) the information came from and what the interviewer was thinking about at that period in time.
References
Anner, J. (2015).
John Anner, PhD student in public policy and administration
[Video file].
Laureate Education (Producer). (2016).
Introduction to coding
[Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author.
Laureate Education (Producer). (2016).
Discussion 1 Managing Diverse TeamsFor the last half-century, the.docx
Discussion 1: Managing Diverse Teams
For the last half-century, the workforce in the United States has been undergoing tremendous demographic changes. For example, in 2009 women accounted for almost 48% of American workforce, compared to 37% in 1970 (Barsh & Yee, 2011). Additionally, workers under the age of 44, and those most likely to be in school, college, or professional training, are more ethnically and racially diverse than ever before (Policy Alert, 2005). This is only diversity of gender, race, and ethnicity; consider how managers today must also lead increasingly diverse teams in terms of age, experience, nationality, geographic location, and even diversity of thinking styles. Contemporary businesses draw employees from a more diverse pool of talent than ever before. To be successful, top managers must understand how to develop and lead diverse teams.
Managing a group composed of individuals with unique cultures, backgrounds, personalities, and abilities can be a daunting task. As a manager, it is your responsibility to ensure that team and group interactions are successful. As you review the Learning Resources this week to prepare for your Discussion posting, think about how you define diversity and diversity affects teams. Pay particular attention to the media resource, “Will Differences Doom the Team,” which presents some of the challenges managers face when leading a diverse team, and consider the key competencies managers must possess to effectively manage a diverse team. As you prepare for your post, consider what diversity means for you and how the diversity you have encountered in your professional experience have impacted how the team functions.
.
Discussion 1 ClassismIncome and wages are measurable indicators.docx
Discussion 1: Classism
Income and wages are measurable indicators of how prosperity is distributed amongst social class. Wealth, often determined by an individual's net worth (assets minus liabilities), is another indicator that is used to determine class. Wealth for working class families is measured by their cars, savings, and home. As people improve their social and economic standing, wealth may include things like stocks and bonds, commercial real estate, and expensive jewelry.
Wealth is an important indicator because it spans past, present, and future generations. For example, compare the children of parents who can save money and leave an inheritance with children of parents who economically struggle and have few assets to pass on to the next generation. Historically, the creation and accumulation of wealth provides evidence of the legacy of racism, sexism, and discrimination and their role in determining class. Black/African Americans, women, and Hispanic/Latinos have historically been denied the means to obtain assets and grow wealth. Consider the impact of chronic marginalization on the Black/African American community's ability to build wealth. While the income gaps between various ethnic groups may be decreasing, the gap between assets remains wide. Data from the Pew Research center show that the median wealth of Caucasian households is 20 times that of Black/African American households and 18 times that of Hispanic/Latinos households in the U.S. (Pew Research Center, 2011).
Class extends beyond wealth and other financial indicators. Class also includes details like the amount of free time you enjoy (because you are not working three jobs to make ends meet) or feeling like there is a "right" way to speak and act in order to be heard. For this Discussion, analyze how classism has impacted your life.
·
Post
an analysis of how classism has factored into your life.
·
Then, explain a strategy you might use as a social worker to address the impact of class and class differences on the lives of your clients.
References (use 2 or more)
Adams, M., Blumenfeld, W. J., Castaneda, C., Hackman, H. W., Peters, M. L., & Zuniga, X. (Eds.). (2013).
Readings for diversity and social justice
. (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge Press.
Discussion 2: Power, Privilege, and Classism
Power, privilege, and classism are interconnected. The more privilege you enjoy, the more power you have to access opportunities that build wealth. The more wealth you can amass, the higher your social standing. It is important to note that having wealth is not an indictment. However, the privileges that have often led to inequalities in wealth distribution are real. As a social worker, you may find yourself working with clients who do not enjoy the privileges you knowingly or unknowingly enjoy. The more you understand your own relationship to power, privilege, and class, the better you will understand your clients' realities. For this Discussion, review how classis.
Discussion 1 Cultural IdentityWhat is culture Is it synonymous w.docx
Discussion 1: Cultural Identity
What is culture? Is it synonymous with nationality? Can culture emerge from the intersection of multiple factors, such as gender identity, ability status, or language? Consider these questions as you prepare to describe your own culture.
For this Discussion, think about how you would identify your culture. Consider aspects of your identity.
I am black, a male, christian, heterosexual and do not have any disabilites.
Or explain any other identifiers that contribute to what you would consider your culture.
Post a description of important aspects of your culture that an outsider might not know.
Explain the information a social worker would need to know about your culture in order to effectively assist your family in the face of a pressing issue.
Describe potential consequences of a lack of cultural awareness on the social worker’s part.
References
James, J., Green, D., Rodriguez, C., & Fong, R. (2008). Addressing disproportionality through undoing racism, leadership development, and community engagement.
Child Welfare, 87
(2), 279–296.
[removed]O’Brien, M. (2011). Equality and fairness: Linking social justice and social work practice.
Journal of Social Work, 11
(2), 143–158.
.
Discuss the value of studying the arts. Consider the following quest.docx
Discuss the value of studying the arts. Consider the following questions:
What can it teach us about the past? The present? The future?
How has art influenced society? How has society influenced art?
How does an awareness of all of this impact your own life?
a 2page paragraph.
.
Discussion $5.00 Please use detailDiscuss the importance of pos.docx
Discussion $5.00 Please use detail
Discuss the importance of positive socialization and how different cultural and ethical perspectives influence different aspects of development, self-concept, and identity.
Evaluate environmental influences such as geographical variance, religious beliefs, and the construction of the school setting (e.g., boarding school versus public school, traditional versus experiential learning) for cultural and ethical differences on development.
Short Paper $10.00 at least 3 pages and 3 cited sources apa format. Please answer all questions
Prompt:
Based on the articles you read in Module Four on gender dysphoria, write a short paper about the influence of acceptance, parenting styles, and how
these can directly steer a child’s gender id
entity. Moreover, think about society today and acceptance of varied gender roles compared to the 1950s.
Also, consider and explore society’s influence on gender dysphoria in your argument. Is there a direct correlation to gender
identity and society or not?
Gender Dysphoria: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back
Gender Dysphoria
Gender Stereotypes in the Family Context: Mothers, Fathers, and Siblings
The Early Development of Gender Differences
Specifically, your paper should address the following:
What is different today in
parenting styles
compared to the 1950s?
Considering the criteria and changes made in the DSM in the most recent version (DSM-5) compared to earlier, outdated versions, is there a direct
correlation to
gender identity and society
or not?
.
Discuss why terrorism is difficult to quantify and has numerous defi.docx
Discuss why terrorism is difficult to quantify and has numerous definitions that are used throughout the world. In addition, compare and contrast the definitions of terrorism from the following agencies: FBI, DOD, DHS, DIA, CIA, U.S. State Department. What similarities or differences do you notice? Are the definitions aligned with the individual agency mission? Do you think the “cyclical nature of violence” discussed by Combs bears on these differences? Why or why not?
at least one page please answer all questions
.
Discuss whether you feel safer now or before September 11th, 2001. .docx
Discuss whether you feel safer now or before September 11th, 2001. Address the question generally and in the context of transportation security, border security, information sharing, or first responder training programs
please one page on how you feel safer now because we are aware of the problem
.
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