1. National Water Policies
= Rain in Colorado Desert /
Trans-Himalaya
Why?
Too much
‘Eagle Eye’ Science
Too little
‘Toad’s Eye’ Science
Both are necessary but neither alone is sufficient:
ES lacks roots while TS lacks perspective
Dipak Gyawali, Nepal Water Conservation Foundation

2. Mass State
(Voter/Consumer) Hierarchism
Fatalism
Market Activist
Individualism Egalitarianism
Social Response to Groundwater Overdraft
Nepal Water Conservation Foundation

3. From: EU-INCO water research from FP4 to FP6 (1994-2006) – a critical review. Luxembourg, (by D. Gyawali, J.A.
Allan et al.) http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/water-initiative,2006

4. Plural Definition (and thus sciences) of
what the Water Problem is
Control - too many people is the Bureaucratic Hierarchism
problem: Solution is to manage it
through rules and regulation.
Neruvian
Scarcity
Water Stress
and Insecurity
Market Egalitarianism of Social
Individualism Abundanc Depletion Movements/Greens
e
Free innovation is the solution
to scarcity brought about by Profligacy is the problem:
too much control and scare solution is to rein in our
mongering. greed.
Gandhian
Regano-Thatcherite
Answer is:
“Many 10%
Solutions”!! Adapted from Rayner and Malone (1998)
and Gyawali (2003)