On 14/15 December, MCRB co-organised Myanmar’s first Digital Rights Forum together with Phandeeyar: Myanmar Innovation Lab, Myanmar ICT for Development Organization (MIDO), and Engage Media with the support of The Embassy of Sweden. Read more: http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/news/consultation-draft-privacy-and-security-law.html

1. Digital Rights are Human Rights
Vicky Bowman, Director, Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business
Digital Rights Forum, Yangon
14 December 2016

2. Founders:
Current core funders:
• UK DFID
• DANIDA
• Norway
• Switzerland
• Netherlands
• Ireland
www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org
15 Shan Yeiktha Street, Sanchaung,
Yangon
Tel/Fax: 01 510069
MCRB Objective
To provide an effective and legitimate
platform for the creation of knowledge,
capacity and dialogue concerning
responsible business in Myanmar, based
on local needs and international
standards, that results in more
responsible business practices.
ပို၍တာဝန္ယူမႈရွိေသာ စီပြားေရးအေလ့အက်င့္မ်ား
ျဖစ္ထြန္းလာေစရန္၊ ႏိုင္ငံတကာအဆင့္အတန္းမ်ား၊
ေဒသလိုအပ္ခ်က္မ်ား အေပၚမူတည္၍ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ၌
တာဝန္ယူမႈရွိေသာ အသိပညာ၊ စြမ္းေဆာင္ရည္ႏွင့္
စကားဝိုင္းမ်ား ျဖစ္ေပၚလာေစရန္အတြက္
ထိေရာက္ေသာ တရားဝင္ အခင္းအက်ဥ္းတစ္ခု
ပံ့ပိုးေပးရန္။

3. Myanmar Centre for Responsible Business
focusses on these elements:
Compliance
i.e. obeying
the law
ဥပေဒကိုေလးစား
လိုက္နာျခင္း
Social Performance
လူမႈ႔ေရးဆိုင္ရာေဆာင္ရြက္ခ်က္မ်ား
Creating Shared Value
အက်ိဳးအျမတ္ခြဲေဝအသံုုးခ်ျခင္း
Sustainability
ေရရွည္တည္တံ့ခုိင္ၿမဲျခင္း
Philanthropy
ပရဟိတမ်ားလုပ္ေဆာင္ျခင္း
Sponsorship
ေငြေၾကးမ်ားေထာက္ပံ့ေပးျခင္း
Disaster relief
သဘာဝေဘးအႏၱရာယ္ဆိုင္ရာ
လုပ္ ေဆာင္ခ်က္မ်ား
Which part is ‘Corporate Social Responsibility’ (CSR)?
Responsible Business Conduct
တာဝန္ယူမႈရိွေသာစီးပြားေရးလုပ္
ငန္း၏လုပ္ေဆာင္ရမည္႔လုပ္ငန္းမ်ား Social or community investment or contribution
လူမႈေရးလုပ္ငန္းမ်ားအတြက္ ရင္းႏွီးျမဳပ္ႏွံမႈမ်ားလုပ္ျခင္း

4. MCRB publications and translations
www.mcrb.org.mm
myanmar.responsible.business

5. UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (2011)
1. State duty to protect
2. Corporate responsibility to
respect
 Act with due diligence
to avoid infringement
 Address negative
impacts
3. Provision of access to
remedy
Professor John
Ruggie, Special
Representative to
the United
Nations Secretary
General, 2005-
2011
ႏိုင္ငံေတာ္၏ ကာကြယ္ရန္တာ၀န္
စီးပြားေရးလုပ္ငန္းၾကီးမ်ား၏ ေလးစားလိုက္နာရန္တာ၀န္
 ထိခိုက္နစ္နာမႈမ်ား၊ အခြင့္အေရး
ခ်ိဳးေဖာက္မႈမ်ားကို ေရွာင္ၾကဥ္ရန္
ၾကိဳတင္စမ္းစစ္၊
ကာကြယ္တားစီးျခင္းမ်ားလုပ္ေဆာင္ရန္
 သက္ေရာက္ထိခိုက္မႈမ်ားကိုေျဖရွင္းရန္လုိအပ္မႈ
ျပန္လည္ေကာင္းမြန္ေအာင္ျပဳျပင္ျခင္း /
ထိခိုက္ နစ္နာမႈမ်ားကို ကုစားျခင္းမ်ားကိုလက္လွမ္းမွီမႈ

6. Digital Rights
The most relevant human rights are:
 Right to freedom of expression
 Right to privacy
 Article 12 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights to which Myanmar is a signatory, provides that ‘no
one shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or
correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation.’
 Right to freedom of association
international human rights law provides the universal framework against which any interference in individual privacy
rights must be assessed. Also
 Right to education and cultural rights (e.g. language)
 Property rights, consumer rights
 Right to the internet? (Legal provisions in Costa Rica, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Spain)

7. http://www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org/swia/ict.html
Myanmar ICT
Sector Wide Impact Assessment (SWIA)

8. Digital Rights in Myanmar
4.1 Freedom of Expression
4.2 Hate Speech
4.3 Privacy
4.4 Surveillance and Lawful
Interception
4.5 Cyber-Security

9. Are Myanmar people aware of digital rights?

10. The internet of things – or ‘surveillance capitalism’

11. How much is a Facebook user worth?
(January 2016)
Facebook makes
money from:
• targeted
advertising, using
its knowledge of its
users
• payments and
other fees
Value of a user in
• USA = $13.54
• Asia-Pacific =
$1.59

12. FB users are used to advertise products…

13. Digital Rights – time for action
 Freedom of Information, and e-Government
 Lack of internet awareness/’digital literacy’
 Fake News
 Phishing
 ‘Revenge porn’
 Hate speech and cyberbullying
 Protecting Freedom of Expression
 Facebook posts, criminal defamation and Article 66d of the Telecoms Law

14. Privacy and security – what everyone should care about…..
 Draft Citizen’s Privacy and Security Protection Law (from Pyithu Hluttaw)
 No legal safeguards for Lawful Interception/Surveillance
 Private and public sector cybersecurity weakness
 Lack of protection of data
 Attacks on networks, hacking
 Government priority: Digital ID

15. Is(n’t) it already time to start worrying about…..?
• Apps that can share your data without you knowing
• Profiling based on internet use (metadata) of sexuality, health, political views etc
used by government, police, marketers, insurers……
• Cross-border data protection
• Identity theft
• Child sexual exploitation
• Consumer rights concerning telecoms services, competition
• Universal Access, including broadband
• Access for people with disabilities, women
• Access in rural and ethnic areas
• Use of ethnic languages
• Internet shutdown?

16. Founders:
Current core funders:
• UK DFID
• DANIDA
• Norway
• Switzerland
• Netherlands
• Ireland
www.myanmar-responsiblebusiness.org
15 Shan Yeiktha Street, Sanchaung,
Yangon
Tel/Fax: 01 510069
www.mcrb.org.mm
myanmar.responsible.business
Thank you!