DI
Comment to FG
Based on the recipients of information the criteria for accounting principles and financial statements vary. A government agency is required to report its activities to the government, while a non-profit organization is required to report to its members, donors and funding agencies. In the US, GAAP governs all non-profit organizations and government agencies. The government meets the GASB requirements in this context and non-profit organizations obey the FASB provisions.
The budget is a very important element under the GASB requirements for government entities. In 1999 the GASB issued a statement allowing these institutions to present a comparative financial statement showing the entity's performance in relation to the approved budgets. "GASB Statement No. 34 will henceforth allow governments to choose to present mandated budgetary comparisons either as part of the basic audited financial statements." (Government Finance Officers Association, 2000)
For its part, the budget of a non-profit organization is based on a activities plan for which donors and members make their contributions. However, the dilemma for nonprofit organizations' budgets is that donors have the right to allocate their funds according to their interests. According to (Klotz, 2020) "… it's all about being clear what you are asking for and being clear what the donor intends." I think this is an important feature that contrasts a budget of a non-profit entity versus a budget of government entity. The latter has the funds in advance and a board that theoretically represents the taxpayers approves this budget.
References:
Comment to SJ
In order for a government to function "Congress must create and pass numerous funding bills each fiscal year to keep the federal government open." (USA GOV, Budget of the US Government, 2010). Governmental budgets that are passed each fiscal year begin October 1st and end on the last day of September before starting the new fiscal year. The government makes money by collecting taxes and burrowing capital in return for saving bonds. When the government burrows they must pay the interest on the debt which is normally less then 10% of the budget. Majority of the budget goes towards "Funding for Social Security, Medicare, veterans benefits, and other spending required by law. This is called mandatory spending and typically uses over half of all funding." (USA GOV, Budget of the US Government, 2010). When creating the budget plan for the government it is very important to consider the mandatory spending and the discretionary spending which is a third of the budget. If the bill created by senate and house is not signed by the president to make it a law then national parks may shut down, taxpayers will not receive a tax refund, and grants will be suspended.
Not for profit business budgets are created completely different from governmental budgets. For example, the staff in the not for profit organization is responsible for creating the ...
CBO estimates that the federal budget deficit in 2020 will be $1.0 trillion, or 4.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). It would increase to 5.4 percent of GDP in 2030 if current law did not change. In CBO’s projections, federal debt held by the public reaches $17.9 trillion at the end of 2020. That amount equals 81 percent of GDP—more than twice its average over the past 50 years. By 2030, debt is projected to reach $31.4 trillion, or 98 percent of GDP, a larger percentage than at any time since just after World War II. It would continue to grow after 2030, reaching 180 percent of GDP by 2050.
Inflation-adjusted GDP is projected to grow by 2.2 percent this year, largely because of continued strength in consumer spending and a rebound in business fixed investment. Output is projected to be higher than the economy’s maximum sustainable output in 2020 to a greater degree than it has been in recent years, leading to higher inflation and interest rates after a period in which both were low, on average. CBO projects that continued strength in the demand for labor will keep the unemployment rate low and drive employment and wages higher. Then over the coming decade, the economy is projected to expand at an average annual rate of 1.7 percent, roughly the same rate as its potential rate of growth.
CBO estimates that the federal budget deficit in 2020 will be $1.0 trillion, or 4.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). It would increase to 5.4 percent of GDP in 2030 if current law did not change. In CBO’s projections, federal debt held by the public reaches $17.9 trillion at the end of 2020. That amount equals 81 percent of GDP—more than twice its average over the past 50 years. By 2030, debt is projected to reach $31.4 trillion, or 98 percent of GDP, a larger percentage than at any time since just after World War II. It would continue to grow after 2030, reaching 180 percent of GDP by 2050.
Inflation-adjusted GDP is projected to grow by 2.2 percent this year, largely because of continued strength in consumer spending and a rebound in business fixed investment. Output is projected to be higher than the economy’s maximum sustainable output in 2020 to a greater degree than it has been in recent years, leading to higher inflation and interest rates after a period in which both were low, on average. CBO projects that continued strength in the demand for labor will keep the unemployment rate low and drive employment and wages higher. Then over the coming decade, the economy is projected to expand at an average annual rate of 1.7 percent, roughly the same rate as its potential rate of growth.
Appropriation acts provide authority for federal programs or agencies to incur obligations and make payments. When appropriations lapse, the result is what is commonly called a government shutdown. This presentation briefly describes various legislative proposals related to a shutdown, such as a recently enacted law that pays furloughed federal workers once a shutdown ends and a proposed bill that would keep funding government operations at their current rate during a shutdown.
This presentation highlights laws that have been enacted to address a lapse in appropriations, CBO’s cost estimates for some recently proposed legislation that would provide spending authority during such a lapse, and other proposals introduced in the 116th Congress that would provide spending authority when there is a lapse in appropriations.
Presentation by Justin Riordan, an analyst in CBO’s Budget Analysis Division, at the American Association of Budget and Policy Analysis Spring 2019 Symposium.
CBO estimates that the federal budget deficit in 2020 will be $1.0 trillion, or 4.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). It would increase to 5.4 percent of GDP in 2030 if current law did not change. In CBO’s projections, federal debt held by the public reaches $17.9 trillion at the end of 2020. That amount equals 81 percent of GDP—more than twice its average over the past 50 years. By 2030, debt is projected to reach $31.4 trillion, or 98 percent of GDP, a larger percentage than at any time since just after World War II. It would continue to grow after 2030, reaching 180 percent of GDP by 2050.
Inflation-adjusted GDP is projected to grow by 2.2 percent this year, largely because of continued strength in consumer spending and a rebound in business fixed investment. Output is projected to be higher than the economy’s maximum sustainable output in 2020 to a greater degree than it has been in recent years, leading to higher inflation and interest rates after a period in which both were low, on average. CBO projects that continued strength in the demand for labor will keep the unemployment rate low and drive employment and wages higher. Then over the coming decade, the economy is projected to expand at an average annual rate of 1.7 percent, roughly the same rate as its potential rate of growth.
CBO estimates that the federal budget deficit in 2020 will be $1.0 trillion, or 4.6 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). It would increase to 5.4 percent of GDP in 2030 if current law did not change. In CBO’s projections, federal debt held by the public reaches $17.9 trillion at the end of 2020. That amount equals 81 percent of GDP—more than twice its average over the past 50 years. By 2030, debt is projected to reach $31.4 trillion, or 98 percent of GDP, a larger percentage than at any time since just after World War II. It would continue to grow after 2030, reaching 180 percent of GDP by 2050.
Inflation-adjusted GDP is projected to grow by 2.2 percent this year, largely because of continued strength in consumer spending and a rebound in business fixed investment. Output is projected to be higher than the economy’s maximum sustainable output in 2020 to a greater degree than it has been in recent years, leading to higher inflation and interest rates after a period in which both were low, on average. CBO projects that continued strength in the demand for labor will keep the unemployment rate low and drive employment and wages higher. Then over the coming decade, the economy is projected to expand at an average annual rate of 1.7 percent, roughly the same rate as its potential rate of growth.
Appropriation acts provide authority for federal programs or agencies to incur obligations and make payments. When appropriations lapse, the result is what is commonly called a government shutdown. This presentation briefly describes various legislative proposals related to a shutdown, such as a recently enacted law that pays furloughed federal workers once a shutdown ends and a proposed bill that would keep funding government operations at their current rate during a shutdown.
This presentation highlights laws that have been enacted to address a lapse in appropriations, CBO’s cost estimates for some recently proposed legislation that would provide spending authority during such a lapse, and other proposals introduced in the 116th Congress that would provide spending authority when there is a lapse in appropriations.
Presentation by Justin Riordan, an analyst in CBO’s Budget Analysis Division, at the American Association of Budget and Policy Analysis Spring 2019 Symposium.
The Budget and Economic Outlook, a recurring publication of the Congressional Budget Office, provides economic and budget projections that incorporate the assumption that current laws governing federal spending and revenues generally remain in place. Those baseline projections cover the 10-year period used in the Congressional budget process. The report generally describes the differences between the current projections and previous ones; compares the economic forecast with those of other forecasters; and shows the budgetary impact of some alternative policy assumptions.
This presentation describes how the report is produced and how it can be used for budget and economic analyses, providing examples from CBO’s most recent projections.
Not for Profit Financial Reporting PaperNot for Pr.docxvannagoforth
Not for Profit Financial Reporting Paper
Not for Profit Financial Reporting Paper
ACC / 460
Team
The not revenue driven association are known for not to gain cash for benefit but rather the requirements of the network. The not revenue driven association that the group will break down is The Habitat for Humanity. This association is focused on aiding more than 20 million individuals with the structure or improving family homes for the network. The group will assess on the chose not for benefit budget summaries fit in with Financial Accounting Standards Board, the look at the association revealing of promises and commitments to its announcing of trade exchanges, and clarifying the effect if Habitat for Humanity presents abundance monetary advantages on precluded people.
The financial states for Habitat for Humanity are easily accessible on their website and conform with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) guidance in Statement NO. 117, Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organizations perfectly. According to the statement, it “requires that all not-for-profit organizations provide a statement of financial position, a statement of activities, and a statement of cash flows” which are all available for this particular NFP. This statement also requires that Habitat for Humanity classifies their net assets, revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are based on their donor-imposed restrictions, displays all three classes of net assets, and that they expand their statement of cash flows to include donor-restricted cash that is used for long-term purposes. Habitat for Humanity has executed all of these requirements in their financial statements by issuing a Statement of Activities that states their net assets at the end of 2018 were $230,624,227. This total is broken down into $97,459,334 of unrestricted; $130,594,965 of Temporarily Restricted; and $2,569,928 of Permanently Restricted. They also provided a Statement of Cash Flows that include certain donor-restricted cash that must be used for long-term purposes. All-in-all, Habitat for Humanity’s financial statements conform nicely with the requirements of Statement No. 117.
A contribution is “a voluntary, unconditional, and nonreciprocal transfer of cash or other assets to an NFP” (Lowensohn, Reck, &Wilson, 2015). Habitat for Humanity and other voluntary health and welfare organizations are dependent on these revenues. On the other hand, an exchange transaction occurs when the other party to the transaction is presumed to receive direct tangible benefit equal with the resources provided.
The Habitat for Humanity’s notes to the financial statements contains a description to explain how they record contributions. First, all revenue is recognized when the “underlying promises” are received by Habitat (Habitat, 2018). For instance, if there are donor stipulations as to the time or purpose, the gifts of cash or other assets are categorized as a temporarily restricted contr ...
In modern industrial economies, the budget is the key instrument for the execution of government economic policies. A government budget is often passed by the legislature, & approved by the chief executive-or president. For example, only certain types of revenue may be imposed & collected. Property tax is frequently the basis for municipal & county revenues, while sales tax &/or income tax are the basis for state revenues, & income tax & corporate tax are the basis for national revenues.
Running head EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR OKLAHOMA1EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR.docxcowinhelen
Running head: EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR OKLAHOMA 1
EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR 7
Exercise 4-15
Kerry Bolander
Dec. 9th, 2016
Oklahoma State
Governmental Activities
Governmental activities increased the state's net position by $1.3 billion. Tax revenues were down in four of the five major types. Total revenues for governmental activities were down by $449.5 million, or 2.3%, in 2015. The state showed a $147.9 million increase in individual income taxes, a $45.0 million decrease in sales taxes, a $51.0 million decrease in corporate income taxes, a $93.5 million decrease in Federal Grant revenue, and a $79.0 million decrease in gross production taxes during 2015 (Adams, Potter, Singh, & York, 2016).
These activities are normally recorded and reported in different column when it comes to the financial statements which may be in terms of General commitment bonds, directed by the state treasurer, are approved and issued principally to give assets to state-possessed capital upgrades, including office structures for state agencies. The state has promised 100% of cigarette expenses gathered under these bond issues. General commitment bonds are supported by the full confidence and credit of the state, including the state's energy to impose extra expenses to guarantee reimbursement of the bonds.
Asset and liability in the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) has issued several arrangements of Grant Anticipation Notes with the end goal of financing certain qualified government help transportation extends in the state. The notes are secured by government income got from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and have a last development in 2019. Add up to income got from the FHWA in monetary year 2015 was $622,566,000with a bit of that sum, $51,079,000, held as security for the notes. Current year note commitments for vital and intrigue totalled $18,605,000. ODOT likewise reported defeased notes payable, exceptional at June 30, 2015, totalling $114,387,000 for foremost, intrigue and trustee charges (Souder, 2016).
In information on government expenses can be in state of capital leases where the state has gone into understandings to rent hardware. Such understandings are, in substance, buys (capital rents) and are accounted for as capital rent commitments. Capital rent commitments are accounted for those leases where the equitable estimation of the rented resource at beginning of the rent is $25,000 or more.
General fund
When it comes to general fund a number of statements and schedules come up in different ways and means. The differences between the original budget and the final amended budget amounted to $102.0 million with $53.6 million (52.5%) coming from budget carryovers from fiscal year 2014, and the remaining $48.4 million (47.5%) was attributable to supplemental appropriations. The difference between the final budget and the actual collections amounted to $192.5 million less than the budget. Based on a review by the budget departme ...
Finance Minister Bill Morneau provided numerous updates to the proposed changes to the taxation of private corporations and their shareholders, which were first introduced back in July as part of a consultation paper and draft tax legislation. In this edition of Monthly Perspectives, we update you on these changes.
75 words as reply to this post if you cite also reference Dunca.docxpriestmanmable
75 words as reply to this post if you cite also reference
Duncan Moogi
Hello class and prof.
It is important for organizations to create accurate and up-to-date annual budgets to maintain control over their finances, and to show funders exactly how their money is being used. How specific and complex the actual budget document needs to be, depends on how large the budget is, how many funders you have and what their requirements are, how many different programs or activities you are using the money for, etc. At some level, however, the budget will need to include:
Projected expenses. The amount of money expected to be spent in the coming fiscal year, broken down into the categories expect to be covered - salaries, office expenses, etc. Projected income. The amount of money expected to be taken in for the coming fiscal year, broken down by sources -- i.e., the amount expected from each funding source, including not only grants and contracts, but also internal fundraising efforts, memberships, and sales of goods or services. The interaction of expenses and income. What gets funded from which sources? In many cases, this is a condition of the funding: a funder agrees to provide money for a specific position, for instance, or for activities or items. If funding comes with restrictions, it is important to build those restrictions into the budget, to make sure money is spend as told to the funder. Adjustments to reflect reality as the year goes on. The budget will likely begin with estimates, and as the year progresses, those estimates need to be adjusted to be as accurate as possible to keep track of what is really happening.
Why have a financial plan?
It sharpens understanding of goals. It gives the real picture - by accurately showing what you can afford and where the gaps in funding are, the budget allows to plan beforehand to meet needs, and to decide what is able to be done each year. It also encourages effective ways of dealing with money issues - by showing what you cannot afford with known income, a budget can motivate you to be creative - and successful - in seeking out other sources of funding. It fills the need for required information - the completed budget is a necessary element of funding proposals and reports to funders and the community. It facilitates discussion of the financial realities of the organization. It helps you avoid surprises and maintain fiscal control. (community toolbox n.d.)
According to Jason Gordon (20 December 2020), operating budget is the daily expenses that are projected from daily operations, including raw materials, machinery, labor, and utility expenses, among others. The company will generally use income projections when planning for an operating budget. Operating budgets are usually created before the start of a new financial year. They are often presented in an income statement format with a schedule that allows the management to provide updates of monthly expenses incurred. In addition,.
TF questions are worth .5 point each1.A fund in itself is a sepa.docxjohniemcm5zt
T/F questions are worth .5 point each:
1.A fund in itself is a separate legal entity that is established to comply with laws that require that certain transactions be segregated and accounted for as a separate "fund."
F
2.The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) sets generally accepted accounting principles (GAAPs) for non-government not-for-profit organizations, while government non-profit organizations must follow GASB.
T
3.The size of a government's operations does not necessarily coincide with the number of funds it establishes.
T
4.The MDA section of the basic financial statements is an introduction of events that have occurred in the organization as well as the possible effects of events that might happen.
T
5.The government wide financial statements are presented in addition to fund financial statements and include the entity's fiduciary activities.
6.The budget of an NFP organization is not integrated into the record-keeping procedures and the applicable financial statements, as it is for governmental entities.
7.Certain revenues are precluded by GAAP from being recorded in special revenue funds. Revenues that are earmarked for expenditures for major capital projects should be recorded in special revenue funds.
8.NFP organizations adjust the value of their long-term debt for discounts or premiums on issuance of the debt, whereas governments list their long-term debt in the General Long-term Liabilities accounts at face value even though it may have been issued at a discount or at a premium.
9.Because they use full accrual accounting, NFPs account for depreciation. There is an exception, however, in regard to certain assets that have collection value which are preservable in their current condition, and have a claim on resources sufficient to preserve them indefinitely.
10. Proprietary funds use the accrual basis of accounting and the economic resources measurement focus. Accordingly, proprietary funds recognize revenues when they are earned and recognize expenses when a liability is incurred.
11.The basis of accounting describes when transactions are recorded, not what transactions are recorded. Accordingly, allocations such as depreciation and amortization are not recorded as expenditures of governmental funds, nor are long-term liabilities.
12.Governmental funds use the current financial resources measurement focus, which recognizes as expenditures those costs that result in a decrease in current financial resources.
13.Routine employer contributions from the general fund and internal services billings from the enterprise fund are treated as transfers between funds.
14.The City of Virginia Beach issues $5 million in revenue bonds on January 1 to build a water line for the water enterprise fund. Interest is payable every six months. What entry is made for interest expense as of June 30
th
?
0
60,000
45,000
30,000
15.The GASB requires each governmental entity to prepare a CAFR.
16. The budget for Virginia Beach authorizes e.
ACCT 410 Quiz 3TF questions are worth .5 point each1.A fund in.docxrhetttrevannion
ACCT 410 Quiz 3
T/F questions are worth .5 point each:
1.A fund in itself is a separate legal entity that is established to comply with laws that require that certain transactions be segregated and accounted for as a separate "fund."
F
2.The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) sets generally accepted accounting principles (GAAPs) for non-government not-for-profit organizations, while government non-profit organizations must follow GASB.
T
3.The size of a government's operations does not necessarily coincide with the number of funds it establishes.
T
4.The MDA section of the basic financial statements is an introduction of events that have occurred in the organization as well as the possible effects of events that might happen.
T
5.The government wide financial statements are presented in addition to fund financial statements and include the entity's fiduciary activities.
6.The budget of an NFP organization is not integrated into the record-keeping procedures and the applicable financial statements, as it is for governmental entities.
7.Certain revenues are precluded by GAAP from being recorded in special revenue funds. Revenues that are earmarked for expenditures for major capital projects should be recorded in special revenue funds.
8.NFP organizations adjust the value of their long-term debt for discounts or premiums on issuance of the debt, whereas governments list their long-term debt in the General Long-term Liabilities accounts at face value even though it may have been issued at a discount or at a premium.
9.Because they use full accrual accounting, NFPs account for depreciation. There is an exception, however, in regard to certain assets that have collection value which are preservable in their current condition, and have a claim on resources sufficient to preserve them indefinitely.
10. Proprietary funds use the accrual basis of accounting and the economic resources measurement focus. Accordingly, proprietary funds recognize revenues when they are earned and recognize expenses when a liability is incurred.
11.The basis of accounting describes when transactions are recorded, not what transactions are recorded. Accordingly, allocations such as depreciation and amortization are not recorded as expenditures of governmental funds, nor are long-term liabilities.
12.Governmental funds use the current financial resources measurement focus, which recognizes as expenditures those costs that result in a decrease in current financial resources.
13.Routine employer contributions from the general fund and internal services billings from the enterprise fund are treated as transfers between funds.
14.The City of Virginia Beach issues $5 million in revenue bonds on January 1 to build a water line for the water enterprise fund. Interest is payable every six months. What entry is made for interest expense as of June 30
th
?
0
60,000
45,000
30,000
15.The GASB requires each governmental entity to prepare a CAFR.
16. The budget for Virginia Be.
Presentation by Sarah Puro, Principal Analyst in CBO’s Budget Analysis Division, at Living Cities: City Accelerator Cohort on Public Infrastructure.
The federal budget shows the subsidy costs of federal loans and loan guarantees for infrastructure and other purposes. Some proposals for new surface transportation programs involve establishing an entity to finance infrastructure investments. Even if such an entity is not officially a federal agency, its activities might be considered part of the federal budget.
Presentation by Sarah Puro, Principal Analyst in CBO’s Budget Analysis Division, at the Annual Conference of the National Federation of Municipal Analysts.
The Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act, which was signed into law on December 4, 2015, provided $281 billion in contract authority for surface transportation programs through 2020. But projected spending from the Highway Trust Fund exceeds its revenues. Under current law, CBO estimates that the Highway Account of the Highway Trust Fund will be able to meet obligations through 2021 and the Transit Account through 2020.
Some proposals involve establishing a new entity to finance infrastructure investments. However, even if such an entity is not officially a federal agency, its activity might be considered part of the federal budget.
The Budget and Economic Outlook is one of the flagship publications of the Congressional Budget Office. The report provides economic and federal budget projections that incorporate the assumption that current laws governing federal spending and revenues generally remain in place. Those baseline projections cover the 10-year period used in the Congressional budget process. The report generally describes the differences between the current projections and previous ones; compares the economic forecast with those of other forecasters; and shows the budgetary impact of some alternative policy assumptions. This presentation describes how the report is produced and how it can be used for economic analysis, providing examples from the April 2018 edition.
Presentation by Jeffrey F. Werling, Assistant Director of CBO’s Macroeconomic Analysis Division, to the National Association of Forensic Economics, at the Southern Economic Association Annual Meetings, November 18, 2018.
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ACC 548 Assignment Balancing the Budget
What are the relevant facts?
Who is affected?
Who are the major parties in this case?
What are the ethical conflicts in this case?
1. A corporations distribution of additional shares of its own s.docxcuddietheresa
1.
A corporation's distribution of additional shares of its own stock to its stockholders without the receipt of any payment in return is called a: (Points : 2)
.
1. Like the modernists, postmodern writers focused on subjective e.docxcuddietheresa
1. Like the modernists, postmodern writers focused on subjective experience rather than objective cultural norms. (1 point)
expressing or dealing with facts or conditions as perceived without distortion by personal feelings, prejudices, or interpretations
characteristic of or belonging to reality as perceived rather than as independent of mind
characteristic of or belonging to the superficial world
none of the above
2. They reeled, whirled, swiveled, flounced, capered, gamboled, and spun. (1 point)
insult
twists; intricate designs
leapt; frolicked
sharp; pounding
3. He began to think glimmeringly about his abnormal son who was now in jail, about Harrison. (1 point)
beginning
watchfulness; caution
leapt; frolicked
intermittently; unsteadily
4. Stokesie’s married, with two babies chalked up on his fuselage already, but as far as I can tell that’s the only difference. (1 point)
central body portion of an airplane
evil; spiteful
handicaps; obstructions
none of the above
Read the following paragraph and answer questions 5–8.
Scientists report (1) that creatures living in the deep sea are in danger of starving to death. Millions of undiscovered species live, in the deep sea. Creatures in the seabed are suffering from growing food shortages. Which may be a result of rising sea temperatures. Scientists believe that some species will die out, those that can survive on a low food supply will continue living. Not much is known about the creatures that live in the deep sea, not much is known about the changes in their diets. Scientists estimate that up to 10 million species live in the depths of the sea. Most animals of the deep rely on food chains that begin. In the lighted realms of the sea. Microscopic plants called phytoplankton. Capture the sun and start the food cycle. (2) Wherever there are animal droppings, there is a constant rain of organic matter (3) that feeds the bottom dwellers.
5. The underlined part of sentence 1 is what kind of clause? (1 point)
adverbial clause
adjectival clause
noun clause
6. The underlined part of sentence 2 is what kind of clause? (1 point)
adverbial clause
adjectival clause
noun clause
7. The underlined part of sentence 3 is what kind of clause? (1 point)
adverbial clause
adjectival clause
noun clause
Essay
Note: Your teacher will grade your response to ensure that you receive proper credit for your answer. Your response should include the following to receive the points in parentheses:
Respond in 3–5 complete sentences. (5 pts)
8. Rewrite the paragraph above, correcting any fragments and run-on sentences. Be sure to use correct punctuation. (5 points)
True or False
9. The Beat Generation was a group of writers who fought to maintain traditionalism in America. (1 point)
true
false
10. Satire is used to make serious situations appear humorous using irony. (1 point)
true
false
11. Absurdism is the attempt to show the absurdity of t.
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Similar to DI Comment to FGBased on the recipients of information the cri.docx
The Budget and Economic Outlook, a recurring publication of the Congressional Budget Office, provides economic and budget projections that incorporate the assumption that current laws governing federal spending and revenues generally remain in place. Those baseline projections cover the 10-year period used in the Congressional budget process. The report generally describes the differences between the current projections and previous ones; compares the economic forecast with those of other forecasters; and shows the budgetary impact of some alternative policy assumptions.
This presentation describes how the report is produced and how it can be used for budget and economic analyses, providing examples from CBO’s most recent projections.
Not for Profit Financial Reporting PaperNot for Pr.docxvannagoforth
Not for Profit Financial Reporting Paper
Not for Profit Financial Reporting Paper
ACC / 460
Team
The not revenue driven association are known for not to gain cash for benefit but rather the requirements of the network. The not revenue driven association that the group will break down is The Habitat for Humanity. This association is focused on aiding more than 20 million individuals with the structure or improving family homes for the network. The group will assess on the chose not for benefit budget summaries fit in with Financial Accounting Standards Board, the look at the association revealing of promises and commitments to its announcing of trade exchanges, and clarifying the effect if Habitat for Humanity presents abundance monetary advantages on precluded people.
The financial states for Habitat for Humanity are easily accessible on their website and conform with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) guidance in Statement NO. 117, Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organizations perfectly. According to the statement, it “requires that all not-for-profit organizations provide a statement of financial position, a statement of activities, and a statement of cash flows” which are all available for this particular NFP. This statement also requires that Habitat for Humanity classifies their net assets, revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are based on their donor-imposed restrictions, displays all three classes of net assets, and that they expand their statement of cash flows to include donor-restricted cash that is used for long-term purposes. Habitat for Humanity has executed all of these requirements in their financial statements by issuing a Statement of Activities that states their net assets at the end of 2018 were $230,624,227. This total is broken down into $97,459,334 of unrestricted; $130,594,965 of Temporarily Restricted; and $2,569,928 of Permanently Restricted. They also provided a Statement of Cash Flows that include certain donor-restricted cash that must be used for long-term purposes. All-in-all, Habitat for Humanity’s financial statements conform nicely with the requirements of Statement No. 117.
A contribution is “a voluntary, unconditional, and nonreciprocal transfer of cash or other assets to an NFP” (Lowensohn, Reck, &Wilson, 2015). Habitat for Humanity and other voluntary health and welfare organizations are dependent on these revenues. On the other hand, an exchange transaction occurs when the other party to the transaction is presumed to receive direct tangible benefit equal with the resources provided.
The Habitat for Humanity’s notes to the financial statements contains a description to explain how they record contributions. First, all revenue is recognized when the “underlying promises” are received by Habitat (Habitat, 2018). For instance, if there are donor stipulations as to the time or purpose, the gifts of cash or other assets are categorized as a temporarily restricted contr ...
In modern industrial economies, the budget is the key instrument for the execution of government economic policies. A government budget is often passed by the legislature, & approved by the chief executive-or president. For example, only certain types of revenue may be imposed & collected. Property tax is frequently the basis for municipal & county revenues, while sales tax &/or income tax are the basis for state revenues, & income tax & corporate tax are the basis for national revenues.
Running head EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR OKLAHOMA1EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR.docxcowinhelen
Running head: EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR OKLAHOMA 1
EXERCISE 4-15 CAFR 7
Exercise 4-15
Kerry Bolander
Dec. 9th, 2016
Oklahoma State
Governmental Activities
Governmental activities increased the state's net position by $1.3 billion. Tax revenues were down in four of the five major types. Total revenues for governmental activities were down by $449.5 million, or 2.3%, in 2015. The state showed a $147.9 million increase in individual income taxes, a $45.0 million decrease in sales taxes, a $51.0 million decrease in corporate income taxes, a $93.5 million decrease in Federal Grant revenue, and a $79.0 million decrease in gross production taxes during 2015 (Adams, Potter, Singh, & York, 2016).
These activities are normally recorded and reported in different column when it comes to the financial statements which may be in terms of General commitment bonds, directed by the state treasurer, are approved and issued principally to give assets to state-possessed capital upgrades, including office structures for state agencies. The state has promised 100% of cigarette expenses gathered under these bond issues. General commitment bonds are supported by the full confidence and credit of the state, including the state's energy to impose extra expenses to guarantee reimbursement of the bonds.
Asset and liability in the Oklahoma Department of Transportation (ODOT) has issued several arrangements of Grant Anticipation Notes with the end goal of financing certain qualified government help transportation extends in the state. The notes are secured by government income got from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and have a last development in 2019. Add up to income got from the FHWA in monetary year 2015 was $622,566,000with a bit of that sum, $51,079,000, held as security for the notes. Current year note commitments for vital and intrigue totalled $18,605,000. ODOT likewise reported defeased notes payable, exceptional at June 30, 2015, totalling $114,387,000 for foremost, intrigue and trustee charges (Souder, 2016).
In information on government expenses can be in state of capital leases where the state has gone into understandings to rent hardware. Such understandings are, in substance, buys (capital rents) and are accounted for as capital rent commitments. Capital rent commitments are accounted for those leases where the equitable estimation of the rented resource at beginning of the rent is $25,000 or more.
General fund
When it comes to general fund a number of statements and schedules come up in different ways and means. The differences between the original budget and the final amended budget amounted to $102.0 million with $53.6 million (52.5%) coming from budget carryovers from fiscal year 2014, and the remaining $48.4 million (47.5%) was attributable to supplemental appropriations. The difference between the final budget and the actual collections amounted to $192.5 million less than the budget. Based on a review by the budget departme ...
Finance Minister Bill Morneau provided numerous updates to the proposed changes to the taxation of private corporations and their shareholders, which were first introduced back in July as part of a consultation paper and draft tax legislation. In this edition of Monthly Perspectives, we update you on these changes.
75 words as reply to this post if you cite also reference Dunca.docxpriestmanmable
75 words as reply to this post if you cite also reference
Duncan Moogi
Hello class and prof.
It is important for organizations to create accurate and up-to-date annual budgets to maintain control over their finances, and to show funders exactly how their money is being used. How specific and complex the actual budget document needs to be, depends on how large the budget is, how many funders you have and what their requirements are, how many different programs or activities you are using the money for, etc. At some level, however, the budget will need to include:
Projected expenses. The amount of money expected to be spent in the coming fiscal year, broken down into the categories expect to be covered - salaries, office expenses, etc. Projected income. The amount of money expected to be taken in for the coming fiscal year, broken down by sources -- i.e., the amount expected from each funding source, including not only grants and contracts, but also internal fundraising efforts, memberships, and sales of goods or services. The interaction of expenses and income. What gets funded from which sources? In many cases, this is a condition of the funding: a funder agrees to provide money for a specific position, for instance, or for activities or items. If funding comes with restrictions, it is important to build those restrictions into the budget, to make sure money is spend as told to the funder. Adjustments to reflect reality as the year goes on. The budget will likely begin with estimates, and as the year progresses, those estimates need to be adjusted to be as accurate as possible to keep track of what is really happening.
Why have a financial plan?
It sharpens understanding of goals. It gives the real picture - by accurately showing what you can afford and where the gaps in funding are, the budget allows to plan beforehand to meet needs, and to decide what is able to be done each year. It also encourages effective ways of dealing with money issues - by showing what you cannot afford with known income, a budget can motivate you to be creative - and successful - in seeking out other sources of funding. It fills the need for required information - the completed budget is a necessary element of funding proposals and reports to funders and the community. It facilitates discussion of the financial realities of the organization. It helps you avoid surprises and maintain fiscal control. (community toolbox n.d.)
According to Jason Gordon (20 December 2020), operating budget is the daily expenses that are projected from daily operations, including raw materials, machinery, labor, and utility expenses, among others. The company will generally use income projections when planning for an operating budget. Operating budgets are usually created before the start of a new financial year. They are often presented in an income statement format with a schedule that allows the management to provide updates of monthly expenses incurred. In addition,.
TF questions are worth .5 point each1.A fund in itself is a sepa.docxjohniemcm5zt
T/F questions are worth .5 point each:
1.A fund in itself is a separate legal entity that is established to comply with laws that require that certain transactions be segregated and accounted for as a separate "fund."
F
2.The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) sets generally accepted accounting principles (GAAPs) for non-government not-for-profit organizations, while government non-profit organizations must follow GASB.
T
3.The size of a government's operations does not necessarily coincide with the number of funds it establishes.
T
4.The MDA section of the basic financial statements is an introduction of events that have occurred in the organization as well as the possible effects of events that might happen.
T
5.The government wide financial statements are presented in addition to fund financial statements and include the entity's fiduciary activities.
6.The budget of an NFP organization is not integrated into the record-keeping procedures and the applicable financial statements, as it is for governmental entities.
7.Certain revenues are precluded by GAAP from being recorded in special revenue funds. Revenues that are earmarked for expenditures for major capital projects should be recorded in special revenue funds.
8.NFP organizations adjust the value of their long-term debt for discounts or premiums on issuance of the debt, whereas governments list their long-term debt in the General Long-term Liabilities accounts at face value even though it may have been issued at a discount or at a premium.
9.Because they use full accrual accounting, NFPs account for depreciation. There is an exception, however, in regard to certain assets that have collection value which are preservable in their current condition, and have a claim on resources sufficient to preserve them indefinitely.
10. Proprietary funds use the accrual basis of accounting and the economic resources measurement focus. Accordingly, proprietary funds recognize revenues when they are earned and recognize expenses when a liability is incurred.
11.The basis of accounting describes when transactions are recorded, not what transactions are recorded. Accordingly, allocations such as depreciation and amortization are not recorded as expenditures of governmental funds, nor are long-term liabilities.
12.Governmental funds use the current financial resources measurement focus, which recognizes as expenditures those costs that result in a decrease in current financial resources.
13.Routine employer contributions from the general fund and internal services billings from the enterprise fund are treated as transfers between funds.
14.The City of Virginia Beach issues $5 million in revenue bonds on January 1 to build a water line for the water enterprise fund. Interest is payable every six months. What entry is made for interest expense as of June 30
th
?
0
60,000
45,000
30,000
15.The GASB requires each governmental entity to prepare a CAFR.
16. The budget for Virginia Beach authorizes e.
ACCT 410 Quiz 3TF questions are worth .5 point each1.A fund in.docxrhetttrevannion
ACCT 410 Quiz 3
T/F questions are worth .5 point each:
1.A fund in itself is a separate legal entity that is established to comply with laws that require that certain transactions be segregated and accounted for as a separate "fund."
F
2.The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) sets generally accepted accounting principles (GAAPs) for non-government not-for-profit organizations, while government non-profit organizations must follow GASB.
T
3.The size of a government's operations does not necessarily coincide with the number of funds it establishes.
T
4.The MDA section of the basic financial statements is an introduction of events that have occurred in the organization as well as the possible effects of events that might happen.
T
5.The government wide financial statements are presented in addition to fund financial statements and include the entity's fiduciary activities.
6.The budget of an NFP organization is not integrated into the record-keeping procedures and the applicable financial statements, as it is for governmental entities.
7.Certain revenues are precluded by GAAP from being recorded in special revenue funds. Revenues that are earmarked for expenditures for major capital projects should be recorded in special revenue funds.
8.NFP organizations adjust the value of their long-term debt for discounts or premiums on issuance of the debt, whereas governments list their long-term debt in the General Long-term Liabilities accounts at face value even though it may have been issued at a discount or at a premium.
9.Because they use full accrual accounting, NFPs account for depreciation. There is an exception, however, in regard to certain assets that have collection value which are preservable in their current condition, and have a claim on resources sufficient to preserve them indefinitely.
10. Proprietary funds use the accrual basis of accounting and the economic resources measurement focus. Accordingly, proprietary funds recognize revenues when they are earned and recognize expenses when a liability is incurred.
11.The basis of accounting describes when transactions are recorded, not what transactions are recorded. Accordingly, allocations such as depreciation and amortization are not recorded as expenditures of governmental funds, nor are long-term liabilities.
12.Governmental funds use the current financial resources measurement focus, which recognizes as expenditures those costs that result in a decrease in current financial resources.
13.Routine employer contributions from the general fund and internal services billings from the enterprise fund are treated as transfers between funds.
14.The City of Virginia Beach issues $5 million in revenue bonds on January 1 to build a water line for the water enterprise fund. Interest is payable every six months. What entry is made for interest expense as of June 30
th
?
0
60,000
45,000
30,000
15.The GASB requires each governmental entity to prepare a CAFR.
16. The budget for Virginia Be.
Presentation by Sarah Puro, Principal Analyst in CBO’s Budget Analysis Division, at Living Cities: City Accelerator Cohort on Public Infrastructure.
The federal budget shows the subsidy costs of federal loans and loan guarantees for infrastructure and other purposes. Some proposals for new surface transportation programs involve establishing an entity to finance infrastructure investments. Even if such an entity is not officially a federal agency, its activities might be considered part of the federal budget.
Presentation by Sarah Puro, Principal Analyst in CBO’s Budget Analysis Division, at the Annual Conference of the National Federation of Municipal Analysts.
The Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act, which was signed into law on December 4, 2015, provided $281 billion in contract authority for surface transportation programs through 2020. But projected spending from the Highway Trust Fund exceeds its revenues. Under current law, CBO estimates that the Highway Account of the Highway Trust Fund will be able to meet obligations through 2021 and the Transit Account through 2020.
Some proposals involve establishing a new entity to finance infrastructure investments. However, even if such an entity is not officially a federal agency, its activity might be considered part of the federal budget.
The Budget and Economic Outlook is one of the flagship publications of the Congressional Budget Office. The report provides economic and federal budget projections that incorporate the assumption that current laws governing federal spending and revenues generally remain in place. Those baseline projections cover the 10-year period used in the Congressional budget process. The report generally describes the differences between the current projections and previous ones; compares the economic forecast with those of other forecasters; and shows the budgetary impact of some alternative policy assumptions. This presentation describes how the report is produced and how it can be used for economic analysis, providing examples from the April 2018 edition.
Presentation by Jeffrey F. Werling, Assistant Director of CBO’s Macroeconomic Analysis Division, to the National Association of Forensic Economics, at the Southern Economic Association Annual Meetings, November 18, 2018.
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
ACC 548 Assignment Balancing the Budget
What are the relevant facts?
Who is affected?
Who are the major parties in this case?
What are the ethical conflicts in this case?
Similar to DI Comment to FGBased on the recipients of information the cri.docx (20)
1. A corporations distribution of additional shares of its own s.docxcuddietheresa
1.
A corporation's distribution of additional shares of its own stock to its stockholders without the receipt of any payment in return is called a: (Points : 2)
.
1. Like the modernists, postmodern writers focused on subjective e.docxcuddietheresa
1. Like the modernists, postmodern writers focused on subjective experience rather than objective cultural norms. (1 point)
expressing or dealing with facts or conditions as perceived without distortion by personal feelings, prejudices, or interpretations
characteristic of or belonging to reality as perceived rather than as independent of mind
characteristic of or belonging to the superficial world
none of the above
2. They reeled, whirled, swiveled, flounced, capered, gamboled, and spun. (1 point)
insult
twists; intricate designs
leapt; frolicked
sharp; pounding
3. He began to think glimmeringly about his abnormal son who was now in jail, about Harrison. (1 point)
beginning
watchfulness; caution
leapt; frolicked
intermittently; unsteadily
4. Stokesie’s married, with two babies chalked up on his fuselage already, but as far as I can tell that’s the only difference. (1 point)
central body portion of an airplane
evil; spiteful
handicaps; obstructions
none of the above
Read the following paragraph and answer questions 5–8.
Scientists report (1) that creatures living in the deep sea are in danger of starving to death. Millions of undiscovered species live, in the deep sea. Creatures in the seabed are suffering from growing food shortages. Which may be a result of rising sea temperatures. Scientists believe that some species will die out, those that can survive on a low food supply will continue living. Not much is known about the creatures that live in the deep sea, not much is known about the changes in their diets. Scientists estimate that up to 10 million species live in the depths of the sea. Most animals of the deep rely on food chains that begin. In the lighted realms of the sea. Microscopic plants called phytoplankton. Capture the sun and start the food cycle. (2) Wherever there are animal droppings, there is a constant rain of organic matter (3) that feeds the bottom dwellers.
5. The underlined part of sentence 1 is what kind of clause? (1 point)
adverbial clause
adjectival clause
noun clause
6. The underlined part of sentence 2 is what kind of clause? (1 point)
adverbial clause
adjectival clause
noun clause
7. The underlined part of sentence 3 is what kind of clause? (1 point)
adverbial clause
adjectival clause
noun clause
Essay
Note: Your teacher will grade your response to ensure that you receive proper credit for your answer. Your response should include the following to receive the points in parentheses:
Respond in 3–5 complete sentences. (5 pts)
8. Rewrite the paragraph above, correcting any fragments and run-on sentences. Be sure to use correct punctuation. (5 points)
True or False
9. The Beat Generation was a group of writers who fought to maintain traditionalism in America. (1 point)
true
false
10. Satire is used to make serious situations appear humorous using irony. (1 point)
true
false
11. Absurdism is the attempt to show the absurdity of t.
1. As the degree of freedom increase indefinitely, the t distribu.docxcuddietheresa
1.
As the degree of freedom increase indefinitely, the t distribution approaches the normal distribution. (Points : 1)
[removed] [removed] [removed] [removed]
.
1-Explain how the topography of the United states can affect the wea.docxcuddietheresa
1-Explain how the topography of the United states can affect the weather.
2-
Explain why or why not the bodies of water that are in close proximity to the Commonwealth (P.A.) can affect our weather.
3-
Explain how sometimes it can we warmer in Alaska in December than here in PA?
4-
Explain how the temperature can range 30 degrees in Pittsburgh to 55 Philadelphia during the month of January.
5
Explain how the temperature can range from 75 degrees in Pittsburgh to 45 in Philadelphia during the month of May.
6-
Explain how Texas can sometimes be colder than PA during the winter.
7
.
Explain how Florida can sometimes be cooler than PA during the summer.
.
1. An exporter faced with exposure to a depreciating currency can.docxcuddietheresa
1.
An exporter faced with exposure to a depreciating currency can reduce transaction exposure with a strategy of: (Points : 1)
[removed] [removed] [removed] [removed]
.
1. According to the central limit theorem, a population which is .docxcuddietheresa
1.
According to the central limit theorem, a population which is skewed to begin with will still be skewed when it is re-formed as a distribution of sample means. (Points : 1)
.
1. Which of the following is not a class of essential nutrient.docxcuddietheresa
1. Which of the following is not a class of essential nutrient?
a. Dietary supplements
b. Carbohydrates
c. Lipids
d. Minerals
2. Which of the following statements about the nutrient composition of the American diet is true?
a. It contains too little protein
b. It contains too little carbohydrate
c. It contains too little fat
d. It contains too many calories
3. A kcalorie is a measure of
a. Heat energy
b. Fat in food
c. Nutrients in food
d. Sugar and fat in food
4. Which of the following nutrients can directly supply energy for human use?
a. Lipids and oils
b. Fiber
c. Vitamins
d. Minerals
5. Gram for gram, which provides the most energy?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Alcohol
d. Fats
6. Which of the following yield greater than 4 kcalories per gram?
a. Plant fats
b. Plant carbohydrates
c. Plant proteins
d. Animal proteins
7. Which of the following contain no calories?
a. Alcohol
b. Proteins
c. Carbohydrates
d. Vitamins
8. Which one of the following is a carbohydrate?
a. apples
b. chicken
c. potatoes
d. both a and c
9. Which of the following is a protein?
a. apples
b. chicken
c. potatoes
d. both a and c
10. Which of the following is a lipid?
a. oils
b. fat
c. cholesterol
d. all the above
11. Fats:
a. Regulate body temperature b. protect organs
c. produce energy d. All of the Above
12. Water is _____ of a person's total body weight.
a. 40% b. 65%-75%
c. 10% - 20% d. None of the above
13. When looking at the ingredient label of a bottled spaghetti sauce, you see that olive oil is the second ingredient. This means that
a. Olive oil is the second ingredient by alphabetical listing
b. Olive oil is just one of the ingredients present in the sauce
c. Olive oil is the second ingredient by weight
d. Olive oil is the second ingredient by amount present in the sauce
14. How many kcalories are provided by a 2-oz brownie with icing? Its nutrient composition is 1g of protein, 5g of fat, and 15g of carbohydrates
a. 89
b. 109
c. 84
d. 159
15. Which of the following provides the most kcalories?
a. 5g carbohydrate
b. 3g fat
c. 4g protein
d. 2g alcohol
16. One-half of a mashed potato with milk contains 2g of protein, 1g of fat, and 14g of carbohydrate. What percentage of the total kcalorie content is provided by carbohydrates
a. 19%
b. 72%
c. 82%
d. 77%
17. True or False: A nutrition facts label can list 0 grams of fat even if the food does in fact contain some fat.
.
1. The process by which one group takes on the cultural and other .docxcuddietheresa
1. The process by which one group takes on the cultural and other traits of a larger group is called _______. (1 point)
assimilation
pluralism
culture
integration
2. Chinatown in San Francisco and Little Havana in Miami are examples of _______. (1 point)
assimilation
pluralism
culture
integration
3. The Salad Bowl analogy of U.S. society states that (1 point)
ethnic groups living in the United States retain unique features, but also contribute to American culture as a whole.
all ethnic groups’ cultures have melted overtime into one distinct culture.
ethnic groups are entirely separated in U.S. society and have no influence upon one another.
immigrants must abandon their traditions to be successful in U.S. society.
4. A form of government in which a king or queen acts as head of state while parliament makes legislation is called a ________. (1 point)
monarchy
democracy
democratic parliament
constitutional monarchy
5. Based on the text, what was the African diaspora? (1 point)
the transporting of Africans to the New World for slave labor
the dispersion of Africans during and after the trans-Atlantic slave trade
the multiculturalism of African American colonies in the New World
the assimilation of African culture into that of the United States
6. Which is the term for a completely structured language that develops from a blending of native languages and introduced languages? (1 point)
Pidgin
Creole
Esperanto
Dialect
7. Which movement was initiated in the 1960s by Quebecer Réne Lévesque? (1 point)
a movement to give indigenous people their own province
a movement to make French the official language of Canada
an initiative to put an end to all immigration into Canada
a movement to make Quebec an independent sovereignty
8. Which U.S. city is best known for celebrating the tradition of Mardi Gras? (1 point)
San Francisco
New York City
New Orleans
Miami
9. Which country is responsible for laying Canada’s cultural foundation? (1 point)
Great Britain
France
The United States
Germany
10. Which group makes up the largest segment of the Mexican population? (1 point)
Spanish
Indigenous peoples
Mestizos
Aztecs
.
1. Milestone InvestingCompare and contrast the interests of .docxcuddietheresa
1. Milestone Investing
Compare and contrast the interests of entrepreneurs and investors to the concept of milestone investing? Is there the potential for conflict of interest? How can conflict be resolved? Respond to two of your classmates’ postings.
2. NVCA
Explore the website of the National Venture Capital Association. Briefly review the membership list and the focus of the venture funding association. Discuss the economic importance of venture backed companies to the U.S. Economy. Provide examples. Respond to two of your classmates’ postings.
.
1. All dogs are warm-blooded. All warm-blooded creatures are mamm.docxcuddietheresa
1.
All dogs are warm-blooded. All warm-blooded creatures are mammals. Hence, all dogs are mammals.
True or False: The sentence, “Hence, all dogs are mammals,” is a premise in this argument. (Points : 1)
.
1-3 Final Project Milestone #1 ProposalThroughout this course.docxcuddietheresa
1-3 Final Project Milestone #1: Proposal
Throughout this course you will be asked to make wiki posts about a company in which you are a stakeholder. Before you can make your first post (due next week), you must submit a proposal to your instructor below.
This 1–2 page proposal must:
Identify the company you have selected
Give a brief synopsis of the company, summarizing its purpose and goals
State your rationale and reason for selecting this company
Describe your role as a stakeholder in this company
Describe at least three other stakeholders and their relationship to the company you have selected
Conclusion: what you hope to gain/understand as you research about this company
After the handshake is agreed upon, I will give the comany that I have chosen. Paper must be:
1-2 page APA.
Pass Turnitin
Received on or before the deadline.
.
1-Please explain Ethical Universalism. Should organizations be socia.docxcuddietheresa
1-Please explain Ethical Universalism. Should organizations be socially responsible to their stakeholders?
2
What factors go into putting together a Strong Management Team?
3-
Please discuss how Benchmarking by adopting Best Practices of other companies and enacting Continuous Improvement aids in Organizational Performance.
4-
How does an organization develop an High Performance Culture?
.
1-an explanation of why the Marbury v. Madison case is a landmar.docxcuddietheresa
1-an explanation of why the
Marbury v. Madison
case is a landmark decision. Then briefly describe the Supreme Court case you reviewed and explain the significance of the
Marbury v. Madison
decision on the outcomes of the case. Be specific.
Note: Put the name of the Supreme Court case you reviewed in the first line of your post. You will be asked to respond to a colleague who selected a different Supreme Court case than you did.
Powers of the Supreme Court
There are a number of Supreme Court cases that have significantly impacted law and public policy. As you progress through the course, you will review many of these cases. For this Discussion, you are asked to consider the significance of the
Marbury v. Madison
case.
In the presidential election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson defeated the incumbent president, John Adams, a Federalist. Before John Adams left office, he appointed judges and justices of the peace for the District of Columbia who also were Federalists. All of the appointments for the new judges and justices of the peace were approved in a mass Senate hearing. However, four of the justices of the peace did not receive their commissions before John Adams’ presidency was over. One of these justices of the peace, William Marbury, petitioned the Supreme Court to force James Madison, the new Secretary of State under Jefferson, to deliver his commission. Marbury cited the Judiciary Act of 1789 which gave the Supreme Court the power to take such an action. In the end, Chief Justice John Marshall of the Supreme Court declared that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional and then denied Marbury’s petition.
This decision was the first time in history that the Supreme Court deemed a legislative act to be unconstitutional. As a direct result of the case, the concept of judicial review was established and the checks and balances of the U.S. Government were further defined.
2-a brief explanation of the Supreme Court’s role in policy making. Then describe two strengths and two limitations of the Supreme Court’s role in policy making.
Role of the Supreme Court in Policy Making
While the U.S. Supreme Court is extremely powerful, theoretically, it is not able to create law or public policy in the way that Congress or the President does. However, the Supreme Court is able to review public policies or laws that are disputed and determine their constitutionality. Supreme Court justices must determine which cases or disputes to hear and then determine if the laws or policies in such cases are constitutional. If they rule that the laws or policies are unconstitutional, they make recommendations about how the laws or policies should be changed or adapted. In this way, the Supreme Court engages in policy making.
To prepare for this Discussion:
Review the Preface and Introduction in the course text,
Landmark Supreme Court Cases: The Most Influential Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Consider the history of the Supreme Court a.
1-Discuss research that supports the hypothesis that a person’s ac.docxcuddietheresa
1-Discuss research that supports the hypothesis that a person’s action in the environment affects depth perception.
2-Name and discuss two characteristics of optic flow.
3-What is optic ataxia? Describe the method, results, and implications of the research by Schindler on optic ataxia patients
4-Contrast the three types of dichromatism, in regard to rates, neutral points, color experience, and proposed physiological cause.
5-Name, define, and give an example (in words) of six pictorial depth cues.
Due Sunday by 5PM
.
1-Imagine you are a historian, and the only existing sources of evid.docxcuddietheresa
1-Imagine you are a historian, and the only existing sources of evidence
regarding the conquest are documents from Indigenous sources. What can we
conclude by analyzing the Florentine Codex, the Annals of Tlatelolco, as well
as the excerpts from Oaxaca and Yucatan that best describes the conquest
from the perspective of the Indigenous population?
2-In 1844, U. S. President James K. Polk ran on a Democratic platform that
supported manifest destiny. Manifest Destiny is the idea that Americans were
predestined to occupy the entire North American continent. The last act of
Polk's predecessor, John Tyler, had been to annex the Republic of Texas in
1845. Polk wanted to lay claim to California, New Mexico, and land near the
disputed southern border of Texas. Mexico, however, was not so eager to let
go of these territories. What ensued later is referred in the historical records as
the Mexican American War. Examine the causes that precipitated the
Mexican American War, as well as the end result of this conflict.
.
1-How does relative humidity affect the comfort of people Can you e.docxcuddietheresa
1-How does relative humidity affect the comfort of people? Can you explain the physiological reasons for this?
2-The diurnal (daily) relationship between temperature and humidity is such that the lowest humidity should occur in the afternoon hours. It is during these times, however, when it often seems to be most humid and uncomfortable. What could be the reason for this
perceived
inconsistency?
3- When dew forms on outdoor objects, can it be assumed that the atmosphere is saturated? If so, why is there often no fog accompanying the dew?
4-
Can you think of any agents or circumstances that may cause the mixing ratio in a room to change?
.
1-1) In general, what is the effect of one party being mistaken abou.docxcuddietheresa
1-1) In general, what is the effect of one party being mistaken about the subject matter of
a contract?
a. The mistaken party can rescind the contract.
b. Either party can rescind the contract, and the mistaken party can recover damages.
c. Neither party can rescind the contract or recover damages.
d. Either party can rescind the contract and/or recover damages.
e. Either party can rescind the contract.
2-5) In Wilson v. Western National Life Insurance Company, involving the party who lied
allegedly regarding prior drug abuse in order to obtain life insurance, what was
the holding of the court when the party later died from a drug overdose?
Unit 3 Examination
a. The life insurance company had to pay the proceeds because if the plaintiff’s medical
records had been consulted, the drug abuse would have been discovered.
b. The life insurance did not have to pay the proceeds only because the deceased’s wife
was unaware of the misrepresentation.
c. The life insurance had to pay the proceeds because the deceased’s wife actually paid
the premiums.
d. The life insurance company had to pay the proceeds because the plaintiff was not
using drugs during the time the application for insurance was made.
e. The life insurance company did not have to pay the proceeds because of the concealment
of the drug abuse.
3-8) Frank had a bicycle that he advertised for sale, honestly believing it to be a 1999
model even though it was actually a 1996 model. There were significant improvements
in the frame material, not readily apparent, made between 1996 and 1999 to
this model bicycle. The buyer believed Frank’s statement that it was a 1999 model,
and was excited to be getting a model incorporating the improvements. After discovering
that the bike was actually a 1996 model, the buyer could avoid the contract on
the basis of:
a. unilateral mistake.
b. fraud.
c. mutual mistake.
d. B and C.
e. none of the above.
Unit 3 Examination
Business Law
4-9) The owner of a gym tells Ruppert that if he joins the gym for a year and hires a personal
trainer, his body will be more attractive to women and his life will change forever.
Ruppert joins and hires a personal trainer, but otherwise his life remains the
same. The statements of the gym owner could be described as:
a. statements of fact.
b. statements of opinions.
c. predictions about the future.
d. both B and C.
e. A, B and C.
5-10) Which of the following is the false statement?
a. A legal right arising from a breach of contract may be assigned.
b. The same right can be assigned more than once.
c. You must get everyone’s consent to make a novation.
d. Purely mechanical duties are not delegable.
e. There is a guarantor in a delegation.
6-11) When there has been an assignment of rights under a contract, who has a duty to
notify the obligor of the assignment?
a. The assignor.
b. The assignee.
c. Both the assignor and the assignee.
d. Neither the assignor nor the assi.
1- How did the United States become involved in the politics of Sout.docxcuddietheresa
1- How did the United States become involved in the politics of Southeast Asia? Describe two key decisions that escalated American involvement and determine their impact. How did a lack of political clarity in declaring the war’s objectives affect the military’s ability to fight?
2-
• Describe how students mobilized to protest in the 1960s. Why did student activism become so visible at this time?
200 words minimum.
.
1- I need someone who read the book (V for Vendetta) and saw the mov.docxcuddietheresa
1- I need someone who read the book (V for Vendetta) and saw the movie V.
2- The essay will be about the difference between Evey in the book and Evey in the movie.
3- The thesis will be
( Evey has big part in the story of V, but there is a big different in her character between the movie and the book ).
.
1- Define arbitration.2- Who is responsible for paying an arbitr.docxcuddietheresa
1- Define arbitration.
2- Who is responsible for paying an arbitrator’s fee?
3- When are punitive damages awarded?
4- What is the best for business necessity?
5- Do entities today use "constructive discharge" as a way to get rid of people so that they do not have to adhere to the WARN act?
.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
DI Comment to FGBased on the recipients of information the cri.docx
1. DI
Comment to FG
Based on the recipients of information the criteria for
accounting principles and financial statements vary. A
government agency is required to report its activities to the
government, while a non-profit organization is required to
report to its members, donors and funding agencies. In the US,
GAAP governs all non-profit organizations and government
agencies. The government meets the GASB requirements in this
context and non-profit organizations obey the FASB provisions.
The budget is a very important element under the GASB
requirements for government entities. In 1999 the GASB issued
a statement allowing these institutions to present a comparative
financial statement showing the entity's performance in relation
to the approved budgets. "GASB Statement No. 34 will
henceforth allow governments to choose to present mandated
budgetary comparisons either as part of the basic audited
financial statements." (Government Finance Officers
Association, 2000)
For its part, the budget of a non-profit organization is based on
a activities plan for which donors and members make their
contributions. However, the dilemma for nonprofit
organizations' budgets is that donors have the right to allocate
their funds according to their interests. According to (Klotz,
2020) "… it's all about being clear what you are asking for and
being clear what the donor intends." I think this is an important
feature that contrasts a budget of a non-profit entity versus a
budget of government entity. The latter has the funds in advance
and a board that theoretically represents the taxpayers approves
this budget.
References:
Comment to SJ
In order for a government to function "Congress must create and
pass numerous funding bills each fiscal year to keep the federal
2. government open." (USA GOV, Budget of the US Government,
2010). Governmental budgets that are passed each fiscal
year begin October 1st and end on the last day of September
before starting the new fiscal year. The government makes
money by collecting taxes and burrowing capital in return for
saving bonds. When the government burrows they must pay the
interest on the debt which is normally less then 10% of the
budget. Majority of the budget goes towards "Funding for
Social Security, Medicare, veterans benefits, and other spending
required by law. This is called mandatory spending and
typically uses over half of all funding." (USA GOV, Budget of
the US Government, 2010). When creating the budget plan for
the government it is very important to consider the mandatory
spending and the discretionary spending which is a third of the
budget. If the bill created by senate and house is not signed by
the president to make it a law then national parks may shut
down, taxpayers will not receive a tax refund, and grants will be
suspended.
Not for profit business budgets are created completely different
from governmental budgets. For example, the staff in the not for
profit organization is responsible for creating the budget. After
a draft is prepared, executive committees and finance
committees "often review the proposed budget and the full
board usually adopts the budget at a full board meeting." (
National Council of Nonprofits, Budgeting For Nonprofits). Not
for profit budgets are not in written in stone, the budget is like
an Accounting Standard Code. For example the budget is there
to provide guidance to organizations financial decisions just
like Accounting Standard Codes. The reason for not
writting budgets in stone is because operational activity may not
not perform how the budget plan predicted. Therefore
adjustments are made when evaluating the
organization's financial stand point same way Accounting
Standard updates provide updates to its guidelines. The National
Council of Nonprofits state "A budget is a guide that can help a
nonprofit plan for the future as well as assess its current
3. financial health. It is quite common to periodically review the
budget as well as compare it to the actual cash flow and
expenses, to determine whether they are playing out as expected
during the course of the year. It may be necessary to amend the
budget during the year." (National Council of Nonprofits,
Budgeting For Nonprofits).
D2
Comment to FG
The Statement 92. Omnibus 2020, in which I will develop my
research, states some requirements for institutions within scope
of GASB provisions. The specific topics addresses in this
statement are followings: “leases, intra-entity transfers of
assets, postemployment benefits, government acquisitions, risk
financing and insurance-related activities of public entity risk
pools, fair value measurements, and derivative instruments.”
(GASB, 2020) In this sense, there are several prior statements
that are being amended.
For example, in the Statement 48 as amended, the intra-
entity transfer of assets between a governmental employer and
benefit pension plan within the same financial reporting entity
have to adjust any difference between the amount paid by the
pension plan and the amount transferred as per books. These
differences should be reported as employer contribution to
pension plan.
According to provisions of Statement 69, in acquisitions
carry out by a governmental entity, it has to measure the
liabilities and assets (if any) related to acquired entity’s asset
retirement obligations, using the accounting and financial
requirements of Statement 83 (if applicable), which rules the
standards of accounting and reporting for certain Asset
Retirement Obligations (ARO). An ARO is defined by (GASB,
2016) as “a legally enforceable liability associated with the
retirement of a tangible capital asset (that is, the tangible
capital asset is permanently removed from service).”
Comment to SJ
4. My topic is on the amendments pertaining to Internal Revenue
Code 457. The approval of these amendments may be delayed
due to the virus that is spreading. Comments on this matter was
to be submitted by April 10th and "Board has not scheduled a
public hearing on these issues addressed in this Exposure
Draft." ( GASB, Internal Revenue Code 457, 2020). The
purpose behind the revisions to Internal Revenue Code 457 is
to "increase consistency and comparability related to the
reporting of fiduciary component units... to mitigate costs
associated with reporting certain defined contribution pension
plans... to enhance the relevance, consistency, and
comparability of accounting and financial reporting for Internal
Revenue Code Section 457 deferred compensation plans
(Section 457 plans) that meet the definition of a pension plan."
(GASB, Internal Revenue Code 457, 2020). The anticipated
effective date for the exposure draft is June 15, 2021. The
changes in this proposed statement would improve the
usefulness and relevancy of the information provided to users .
Also determine if the governing board needs to play a bigger
role in determining component and pension plans due accuracy
of financial reporting