This document contains a list of names submitted to Dr. Allah Bux Kachiwal. It also provides information on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), including what it measures, normal values for different animals, materials needed, procedures for collecting a blood sample and performing the Westergreen method for measuring ESR, and precautions to follow.

2. SUBMITED TO
DR. ALLAH BUX KACHIWAL

3.  FarhanAltaf 2K22-AV-87
 Kamran 2K22-AV-125
 Khalid Hussain 2K22-AV-130
 Hussain Jogi 2k22-AV-113
 Muskaan Memon 2K22-AV-20
 Mamta Kumari 2k22-AV-19
 Ambreen 2K22-AV-03
 Maahnoor
 Nargis 2k22-AV-23

4. What is ESR
A process or a technique which is
used for measuring the settle
down of RBCs in the blood
sample mixed with anticoagulant
solution.

5. When blood containing an anticoagulant it is
allowed in the vertically placed tube, RBCs
will settle down at the bottom due their
specific gravity (1.093) which is greater than
the specific gravity of plasma (1.03) the rate at
which RBCs settle down is known as
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ESR. Which
is measured in mm/hr.

6. NORMAL VALUES
MALE
0.3 – 5 mm
FEMALE 7-12 mm
COW
0-3/ 8 hrs
HORSE
15- 38 / 20 hrs
GOAT
2-3 / 24hrs

7. Westergreen's Tube
Westergreen's Stand
Westergreen's Rod
Syringe
Clean bottle
Cotton + spirit

8. 3 – 8 % of Na citrate
Or
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid
(EDTA)
NOTE :This method is also called
Westergreen's method

9. Take 0.4 ml of Na Citrate in clean bottle
Expose the cubital Fossa and clean it with
cotton and sprit
Take 1.6 ml of blood from vein
Expel the blood in the bottle containing
Anti-coagulant
The total content in the bottle is 0.4 ml Na
Citrate & 1.6 ml blood = 2ml

10.  Mix the content gently by rotating bottle from
the surface of tube.
 Carefully suck the blood into the Westergreen's
tube upto mark size.
 Keep the tip of index finger firmly over the
upper end of the tube & place it into the
Westergen's stand.
 Note the time. Allow the tube to remain in
position for 1hr.
 At the end of 1hr reading of plasma above the
RBCs is measured.

11. Accurate amount of anticoagulant should
be taken
Blood should not be allowed to clot
Test should be performed within 1-2
hours
There should not be air bubbles