The 5-day workshop agenda involves empathizing with customer problems, ideating solutions, developing concepts, building prototypes, and validating concepts with customers. Day 1 includes understanding challenges, customer needs and competitors. Day 2 focuses on defining solutions and generating ideas. Day 3 is for selecting and storyboarding ideas. Day 4 is for rapid prototyping. Day 5 concludes with presenting prototypes to customers for feedback to refine solutions.