This document discusses key aspects of organizational structure and design. It defines organizing as structuring tasks, goals, and activities to allocate resources to achieve objectives. An organizational structure determines how activities like task allocation are directed toward goals. Organizational design is a methodology to identify and realign dysfunctional workflows, procedures, structures and systems to fit current goals and implement changes. Key elements of organizational design include work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, and degrees of centralization and decentralization.

1. MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR
DESIGNING ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURE

2. ORGANIZING
Organizing is a systematic process of
structuring , integrating, coordinating task
goals ,and activities to resources in order to
attain objectives.

3. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
An organizational structure defines how
activities such as task allocation ,
coordination and supervision are directed
toward the achievement of organizational
aims.

4. ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN
Organizational design is a step-by-step
methodology which identifies dysfunctional aspects
of work flow, procedures, structures and systems,
realigns them to fit current goals and then develops
plans to implement the new changes.

5. ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN
Organizational Design have six key
elements:
 Work specialization.
 Departmentalization.
 Chain of Command.
 Span of control.
 Centralization and decentralization.
 Formalization.

6. WORK SPECIALIZATION
Work specialization or division of labour is the degree to
which activities in the organization are sub-divided into
separate jobs .Work specialization creates efficiency
and productivity, but can also result in boredom,
fatigue, stress, low productivity, poor quality, increased
absenteeism, and high turnover.

7. DEPARTMENTALIZATION
Departmentalization is an aspect of organizational
design that includes the sub-division of a business
into units based on their function or other criteria .
Most companies , including restaurants, are likely to
use two or more types of departmentalization
simultaneously.

8. CHAIN OF COMMAND
Chain of command is the authority
,communication and responsibility along which
orders are passed in the organization. We can say
that the order from top Management to the lower
rank is the chain of command.

9. SPAN OF CONTROL
Span of control is that a manager can handle how
many employees in organization efficiently and
effectively. Manager is how much capable enough to
direct the employees. Whether employees are
following his command or not.

10. CENTRALIZATION & DECENTRALIZATION
 CENTRALIZATION:
Centralization refers that decision making in the
organization can be done by only top management
.It is the formal authority that top management will
give decisions which will be followed by every one
without any change.

11.  DECENTRALIZATION:
Decentralization refers that decision making is not
only restricted to top management. Decisions are
also made by lower level employees because they
are more towards the action of performance.
Decentralization make employees feel that
organization is trusting on them and giving right to
make decisions.

12. FORMALIZATION
Standardization of job with in the organization is
called formalization .The rules and regulations with
in the organization are strictly followed .It is very
clear chat that what is to be done ,when it is to
done and how it is to be done.