Design and fabrication of Pneumatic parking lifter

Kumutha.R et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 1-7
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved 1
Design and fabrication of Pneumatic parking lifter
Kumutha.R1
, Kiran Kumar2
, Antonynishanthraj3
, Balakrishanan4
¹Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Loyola Institute of Technology, India
2,3,4
UG student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Loyola Institute of Technology, India
Abstract— The fundamental multi-level auto stopping framework with three stories is considered to
demonstrate the utilization of programmed or manual in stopping frameworks. The programmed or manual
will assume a noteworthy part in sorting out the section to and exit from the parking areas. It likewise shows
the plan of multi-level parking areas which possesses less need on the ground and contains the huge number
of autos. In the present day world, where parking spot has turned into a major issue, it has turned out to be
vital to maintain a strategic distance from the wastage of space in current enormous Automatic multi-level
auto stopping framework limits the auto stopping territory organizations and lofts. The parking garages have
a lift to convey autos to various floors as indicated by the opening.
Keywords— FLR Bundle, Multi-level Parking area, Pneumatic Parking Lifter, Polyurethane Tube.
I. INTRODUCTION
The headway and advance of countries is measured by the likelihood of their utilization
and use of most recent concocted innovations in all parts of life. Control designing is one of
the viewpoints which have been given an awesome arrangement by numerous scientists. It
progressed toward becoming to an incredible worries in numerous territories such industry,
farming, prescription, training and framework. Programmed frameworks have developed as
an incorporated part in broadcast communications, power, fuel and different applications. The
water powered framework will assume a noteworthy part in sorting out the section to and exit
from the parking garages. It likewise displays the plan of multi-level parking areas which
involves less need on the ground and contains the expansive number of autos. In this way, the
need of utilizing innovations wound up plainly inescapable. In the cutting edge world, where
parking spot has turned into a major issue, it has turned out to be critical to maintain a
strategic distance from the wastage of space in present day huge Automatic multilevel auto
stopping framework limits the auto stopping region organizations and condos and so on.
There are two sorts of auto stopping frameworks: customary and computerized. In the long
haul, robotized auto stopping frameworks are probably going to be more savvy when
contrasted with customary parking structures. Programmed multi-story robotized auto stop
frameworks are more affordable per stopping space, since they have a tendency to require
less building volume and less ground zone than a traditional office with a similar limit. Both
mechanized auto stopping frameworks and robotized parking structure frameworks decrease
contamination. This examination is dedicated to the mechanized multilevel auto stopping
framework. A multilevel auto stopping is basically a working with number of floors or layers
for the autos to be stopped. The distinctive levels are gotten to through inside or outside
inclines. A computerized auto stopping has motorized lifts which transport the auto to the
diverse levels at a specific position. Consequently, these auto parks require less building
volume and less ground space and hence save money on the cost of the building. This
framework ends up being valuable in decreasing wastage of space where more than 100 autos
should be stopped.

Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 1-7
II. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
A. Materials:
Air compressor, channel, weight controller, lubricator, FLR bundle (or) FRL bundle ,
weight control valve, bearing control valve.
B. Methadology:
1 .Air compressor
Compressor is a gadget which gets air and packs it for expanding the weight of air. In this
manner the compacted air. In this way the compacted air utilized for some application. The
pressure procedure requires work in put. Thus a compressor is driven by a prime mover. For
the most part an electric engine is utilized as prime mover. The packed air from compressor is
put away in vessel called repository. master repository it be passed on to the coveted place
through pipe lines.
2. Channel
In pneumatic framework, an air channel is utilized to evacuate all remote matter. An air
channel launder air to stream without resistance different materials are utilized for the
channel component. The air might be passed thorugh a piece metal, a pours stone felt sap
impregnated paper. In a few channels radial activity or violent wind activity is utilized to
evacuate remote matters.
3.Weight controller
Consistent weight level is required for the inconvenience free operation of a pneumatic
control., A weight controller is fitted downstream of the packed air channel. It gives a
consistent set weight at the outlet of the outlet of the controller. The weight controller is
additionally called as weight lessening valve or weight directing valve.
Fig.1. Pressure Regulator
4. Lubricator
The motivation behind an air lubricator is to furnish the pneumatic segments with
adequate oil. These greases must decrease the wear of the moving parts diminish frictional
powers and shield the hardware from consumption. Care ought to be taken to guarantee that
adequate oil is given. In any case, inordinate grease ought to be stayed away from.
5. FLR Package (or) FRL Package
The air benefit unit is a blend of taking after units.
1. Compressed air channel
2. Compressed air controller
3. Compressed air lubricator
Air Filter, controller and lubricator are associated together with close areolas as one bundle.
This unit is know as FLR (Filter, controller, lubricator.)

Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 1-7
6. Weight control valve:
Each water driven framework is utilized to work in a specific weight territory. Higher
weight causes harm of segments. To stay away from this weight control valves are fitted in
the circuits.
7. Bearing control valve:
Directional control valves are utilized to control the bearing of stream. The outline standard
is a central point with respect to administration life activating power exchanging times and so
forth.
Albeit pneumatic barrels will differ in appearance, size and capacity, they for the most part
can be categorized as one of the particular classifications demonstrated as follows. However
there are additionally various different sorts of pneumatic barrel accessible, huge numbers of
which are intended to satisfy particular and specific capacities.
1. Single acting chambers:
Single acting chambers (SAC) utilize the weight granted by packed air to make a main
thrust in one bearing (normally out), and a spring to come back to the "home" position.
2. Double acting chambers:
Twofold Acting Cylinders (DAC) utilize the compel of air to move in both develop and
withdraw strokes. They have two ports to permit air in, one for outstroke and one for instroke.
3. Other sorts:
In spite of the fact that SACs and DACs are the most widely recognized sorts of pneumatic
barrel, the accompanying sorts are not especially uncommon:
• Rotary air chambers: actuators that utilization air to grant a revolving movement
• Rodless air chambers: These have no cylinder bar. They are actuators that utilization a
mechanical or attractive coupling to grant drive, normally to a table or other body that moves
along the length of the chamber body, however does not stretch out past it.
4. Sizes:
Air chambers are accessible in an assortment of sizes and can ordinarily run from a little
2.5 mm air barrel, which may be utilized for grabbing a little transistor or other electronic
segment, to 400 mm width air chambers which would confer enough compel to lift an auto.
Some pneumatic barrels achieve 1000 mm in width, and are utilized as a part of place of
pressure driven chambers for unique conditions where releasing water powered oil could
force an outrageous danger.
5. Pressure, span, range and constrain connections:
Despite the fact that the breadth of the cylinder and the constrain applied by a barrel are
connected, they are not specifically relative to each other. Furthermore, the run of the mill
numerical connection between the two accept that the air supply does not wind up noticeably
soaked. Because of the successful cross sectional zone diminished by the region of the
cylinder bar, the instroke constrain is not as much as the outstroke drive when both are fueled
pneumatically and by same supply of packed gas.
The relationship, between force on outstroke, pressure and radius, is as follows:
(1)
This is derived from the relationship, between force, pressure and effective cross-sectional
area, which is:

Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 1-7
F = p A (2)
With the same symbolic notation of variables as above, but also A represents the effective
cross sectional area. On instroke, the same relationship between force exerted, pressure and
effective cross sectional area applies as discussed above for outstroke. However, since the
cross sectional area is less than the piston area the relationship between force, pressure and
radius is different. The calculation isn't more complicated though, since the effective cross
sectional area is merely that of the piston less that of the piston rod. For instroke, therefore,
the relationship between force exerted, pressure, radius of the piston, and radius of the piston
rod, is as follows:
(3)
where:
F represents the force exerted
r1 represents the radius of the piston
r2 represents the radius of the piston rod
π is pi, approximately equal to 3.14159.
6. Valve connectors:
Fig.2. Valve Connectors
POLYURETHANE TUBE ; shortly say PUN tube;
Fig.3. Polyurethane tube
Manual operations including truly difficult work. Pushing or pulling movements can fire
for the operations and can actuate a tedium which brings about brought down generation.
Barrels have been intended to complete these developments with a pre – decided compel and

Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 1-7
stroke and can be fitted to synchronize with operation cycles of many machines it is worth
wile to analyze the current arrangement and techniques for development and to consider the
numberous mechanical applications which the scope of pneumatic chambers make
conceivable. Quality is to keynote of air barrel. Design them into you generation setup to get
the last ounce of influence, speed and proficiency to spare time, space and cash. Pneumatics
are utilized for all intents and purposes in each industry for a wide assortment of assembling
procedure, pneumatics types of gear are utilized for different reasons. The best reason is that
it is air fueled normal air ends up being exceptionally astounding as a liquid power segments.
[13] proposed a principle in which the division is the urgent stage in iris acknowledgment.
We have utilized the worldwide limit an incentive for division. In the above calculation we
have not considered the eyelid and eyelashes relics, which corrupt the execution of iris
acknowledgment framework. The framework gives sufficient execution likewise the
outcomes are attractive. Assist advancement of this technique is under way and the outcomes
will be accounted for sooner rather than later.
7. Pneumatic fittings:
There are no nuts to fix the tube to the fittings as in the traditional kind of metallic fittings.
The tube is associated with the fitting by a basic push guaranteeing sealed association and can
be discharged by squeezing the top and does not require any extraordinary tooling like
spanner to interface (or) detach the tube from the fitting.
Fig.4. Pneumatic Fitting
8. Flexible hoses:
The Pneumatic hoses, which is used when pneumatic components such as actuators
are subjected to movement. Hose is fabricated in layer of Elastomer or synthetic rubber,
which permits operation at high pressure. The standard outside diameter of tubing is 1/16
inch. If the hose is subjected to rubbing, it should be encased in a protective sleeve.

Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 1-7
Fig.5.Flexible Hoses
A. Advantages of multilevel car park system:
This system is more versatile and fast automatic parking system. The advantages of
multilevel parking system are:
• Maximum utilization of ground space.
• Quick entry and exit due to the independent operation of lifts.
• Designed for driver convenience.
• Partial breakdown doesn't affect the other parts.
• Governed by computers.
• Multiple safety guarantee of the drivers and the cars too.
• Average vehicle retrieve time is less than 2 minutes.
• require less building volume and less ground area.
B. Disadvantages of multilevel car park system
• Expensive as the whole parking and retrieval operation is multi-level.
• Any fault in the multi-level car parking system ill lead to the great haphazard and
inconvenience to the people.
III. CONCLUSION
The multi-level car parking system had successfully been designed and developed. The
control strategy for the traffic flow to the multi level car parking system was carried out using
the automatic or manual system.
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Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NewJersey, 1993.
[4] M.O. Reza, M.F. Ismail, A.A. Rokoni, M.A.R. Sarkar, Smart Parking System with Image Processing
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[7] E. S. Kardoss, K. Baliant, I. Wahl, “Design of a Semi-Aautonomous Park Assist System,” Proceedings of
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[8] J. Pohl1, M. Sethsson, P. Degerman, and J Larsson, “A semi-automated parallel parking system for
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[10] C. W. Cheng, S. J. Chang, and T. H. Li, “Parallel-parking control of autonomous mobile robot,” in Proc.
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[11] M. Y. Idris, E. M. Tamil. Z. Razzak, N. M. Noor, “Smart Parking System Using Image Processing
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[12] Alan J. Crispin, ''Programmable Logic Controllers and their Engineering Applications'', 2nd Edition,
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[13] Christo Ananth,"Iris Recognition Using Active Contours", International Journal of Advanced Research in
Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA],Volume 2,Issue 1, February
2017,pp:27-32.
[14] Tzafestas et. al., Advances in Intelligent Autonomous Systems: Microprocessor based and Intelligent
Systems Engineering. , Kulwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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