2. Ethical theories and principles are the
foundations of ethical analysis because
they are the viewpoints from which
guidance can be obtained along the
pathway to a decision.
4. Generate a list of moral principles and
ideals you might appeal to in order to
solve the dilemma or problem and
evaluate the strengths and
weaknesses associated with each.
5. Based on your evaluation of
alternatives, make an argument that
identifies or concludes in what ought
or ought not be done.--or the course of
action that is most likely to solve the
problem in the best possible way
7. Premise 1: Congestion lessens quality of life
Premise 2: Everyone has a right to living a
quality life
Premise 3:The greatest number of people
will benefit by lessening congestion
Premise 4: Building an airport will likely result
in increased congestion
Conclusion:We should not build an airport
8. The principle of beneficence guides the
ethical theory to do what is good.This
priority to "do good" makes an ethical
perspective and possible solution to an
ethical dilemma acceptable.
In other words:We should go out and try
to help and evaluate our actions in light
of our willingness to do good unto others.
9. This is similar to beneficence, but deals
with situations in which neither choice is
beneficial. In this case, a person should
choose to do the least harm possible and
to do harm to the fewest people.
In other words: Act in such a way as to
minimize pain and suffering.
10. This principle states that an ethical
theory should allow people to reign over
themselves and to be able to make
decisions that apply to their lives.This
means that people should have control
over their lives as much as possible
because they are the only people who
completely understand their chosen type
of lifestyle.
11. In the US Constitution
In the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights
No one else is entitled to have control
over you.
12. The justice ethical principle states that
ethical theories should prescribe actions
that are fair to those involved.This means
that ethical decisions should be
consistent with the ethical theory unless
extenuating circumstances that can be
justified exist in the case.
Justice equals Fair Treatment
13. The deontological theory states that
people should adhere to their obligations
and duties when analyzing an ethical
dilemma.This means that a person will
follow his or her obligations to another
individual or society because upholding
one's duty is what is considered ethically
correct
Kant and the Categorical Imperative
14. The utilitarian ethical theory is founded
on the ability to predict the
consequences of an action.To a
utilitarian, the choice that yields the
greatest benefit to the most people is the
choice that is ethically correct
Mill-act so as to generate the greatest
good for the greatest number
15. In the rights ethical theory the rights set
forth by a society are protected and
given the highest priority. Rights are
considered to be ethically correct and
valid since a large or ruling population
endorses them
Society tells us what is right—
On the other hand Natural Rights stem
from God or the Universe.
16. The casuist ethical theory is one that
compares a current ethical dilemma with
examples of similar ethical dilemmas and
their outcomes
This is similar to the case-by-case
argument—by comparing examples and
outcomes, we can generate a profile.
17. The virtue ethical theory judges a person
by his character rather than by an action
that may deviate from his normal
behavior. It takes the person's morals,
reputation and motivation into account
when rating an unusual and irregular
behavior that is considered unethical
Socrates, Aristotle, Plato
