This document analyzes how COVID-19 impacted the delivery of maternal and child nutrition services in India. Using district-level health management data from January 2018 to May 2021, it finds substantial declines in key services during the pandemic, especially in the initial months, including centers conducting health/nutrition activities, children receiving iron supplements, and pregnant women receiving tests and supplements. These declines do not appear to be fully explained by data reporting disruptions. The study aims to help assess actual declines in service provision versus reporting issues and inform policies to address nutrition service gaps during pandemics.
Adaptive implementation of a community nutrition and asset transfer program d...POSHAN
Yunhee Kang, PhD, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health
Heeyeon Kim, PhD, independent consultant
Eunsuk Lee, PhD, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy
Md.Iqbal Hossain, World Vision Bangladesh
Jaganmay Prajesh Biswas, World Vision Bangladesh
Julie Ruel-Bergeron, PhD, World Bank
Yoonho Cho, World Vision Korea
Adaptive implementation of a community nutrition and asset transfer program d...POSHAN
Yunhee Kang, PhD, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health
Heeyeon Kim, PhD, independent consultant
Eunsuk Lee, PhD, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy
Md.Iqbal Hossain, World Vision Bangladesh
Jaganmay Prajesh Biswas, World Vision Bangladesh
Julie Ruel-Bergeron, PhD, World Bank
Yoonho Cho, World Vision Korea
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Balesore_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Bhadrak_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Balesore_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
POSHAN District Nutrition Profile_Bhadrak_OdishaPOSHAN
POSHAN District Nutrition Profiles (DNPs) draw on diverse sources of data to compile a set of indicators on the state of nutrition and its cross-sectoral determinants. The profiles are intended to be conversation-starters at the district level and to enable discussions about why undernutrition levels are high, and which factors, at multiple levels, might need to be addressed to improve nutrition.
PLEASE NOTE that POSHAN is regularly tracking data sources as they are released and updating the profiles accordingly.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
Improving nutrition in West Bengal:Trends in outcomes, determinants and inter...POSHAN
This slide deck is an evolving work in progress, with updates being made frequently. If you want to use or cite this, please email us at IFPRI-POSHAN@cgiar.org to receive the most updated version
How can health accounts inform health sector investments? Lessons from countr...HFG Project
Countries must have a firm grasp on their health financing landscape in order to ensure sufficient and effective use of resources. Health Accounts—an internationally standardized methodology that allows a country to understand the source, magnitude, and flow of funds through its health sector—provide a wealth of information on past spending. When combined with macroeconomic, health utilization, and health indicator data, Health Accounts provide powerful insights for health financing policy.
USAID’s Health Finance and Governance (HFG) project supports countries to institutionalize their Health Accounts so that they are produced regularly and efficiently, and are a useful tool for policymakers. In this technical briefing webinar, held June 29, 2016, HFG experts used country examples to demonstrate how Health Accounts have been (and can be) used to inform national health financing decisions. The experts also provided perspectives on the future of Health Accounts.
Improving nutrition in Kerala:Trends in outcomes, determinants and interventi...POSHAN
This slide deck is an evolving work in progress, with updates being made frequently. If you want to use or cite this, please email us at IFPRI-POSHAN@cgiar.org to receive the most updated version
Philadelphia Department of Public Health HIV Prevention ActivitiesOffice of HIV Planning
Coleman Terrell of the Philadelphia Department of Public Health presented on the PDPH's HIV Prevention Activities at the Philadelphia HIV Prevention Planning Group's December 2014 meeting.
Improving nutrition in Meghalaya:Trends in outcomes, determinants and interve...POSHAN
This slide deck is an evolving work in progress, with updates being made frequently. If you want to use or cite this, please email us at IFPRI-POSHAN@cgiar.org to receive the most updated version
Improving nutrition in Bihar: Trends in outcomes, determinants and interventi...POSHAN
This slide deck is an evolving work in progress, with updates being made frequently. If you want to use or cite this, please email us at IFPRI-POSHAN@cgiar.org to receive the most updated version
Presentation made at a two-day workshop "Stepping up to India’s Nutrition Challenge: The Critical Role of Policy Makers" for district administrators from India’s Aspirational Districts, on 6-7 Aug 2018, at Mussoorie.
Global Health Action - Haiti
To contribute to the reduction of maternal and infant mortality in the Petit Goave Region of Haiti.
Mia Forman, MCHIP
CORE Group Spring Meeting, April 29, 2010
Similar to Delivery of Maternal and Child Nutritional Services in India During the COVID-19 Pandemic (20)
Trends in nutrition outcomes, determinants and interventions between 2016 and...POSHAN
This slide deck is an evolving work in progress, with updates being made frequently. If you want to use or cite this,
please email us at IFPRI-POSHAN@cgiar.org to receive the most updated version
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Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
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Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Delivery of Maternal and Child Nutritional Services in India During the COVID-19 Pandemic
1. Delivery of Maternal and Child Nutritional
Services in India During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Averi Chakrabarti, Elizabeth Bair, Harsha Thirumurthy
University of Pennsylvania
2. • Nutrition outcomes in India likely to have suffered during COVID-19
• Service disruptions
• Loss of livelihoods, income declines
• Food supply chain interruptions/Price increases
• Evidence from select studies and reports
• Decline in women’s diet diversity in select districts (Gupta et al, 2021)
• Disruption in health/nutrition services in Uttar Pradesh (Nguyen et al, 2021)
• “According to the Women and Child Development Ministry, as of October 14 this year,
there were 17,76,902 severely acute malnourished children and 15,46,420 moderately
acute malnourished children”, a 91% increase in severe acute child malnourishment
since November 2020 (National Herald, 2021)
Introduction/Rationale
3. • Goals
• Assess how COVID-19 impacted the delivery of health/nutrition services across India
• Distinguish between actual declines in service provision and data reporting disruptions
• Data
• District-month level: Health Management Information System, Jan 2018 – May 2021
• Methods
• Interrupted time series analysis
• To identify average district-level change in services in COVID-19 months (Mar 2020 –
May 2021) relative to pre-COVID-19 months (Jan 2018 – Feb 2020)
• Controls: district fixed effects, month indicators and district clustering of standard errors
• Additional analysis to compare districts with and without high drops in ‘total births’
reporting during early pandemic (proxy for data reporting disruptions)
Study aims, Data and Methods
4. • Outcomes pertaining to maternal and child health
• Number of anganwadis/urban primary health centers reported to have conducted health
and nutrition days (HNDs)/outreach activities
• Number of children (6-59 months) provided 8-10 doses (1ml) of iron and folic acid (IFA)
syrup (bi-weekly)
• Number of pregnant women (PW) tested for haemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 4 times
• Number of PW given full course (180) IFA tablets
Outcomes
5. Results – trends in services during COVID-19
-600
-400
-200
0
200
Change
relative
to
Jan
18-Feb
20
Mar20 Apr20 May20 Jun20 Jul20 Aug20 Sep20 Oct20 Nov20 Dec20 Jan21 Feb21 Mar21 Apr21 May21
Centers conducting HNDs
-20000
-10000
0
Change
relative
to
Jan
18-Feb
20
Mar20 Apr20 May20 Jun20 Jul20 Aug20 Sep20 Oct20 Nov20 Dec20 Jan21 Feb21 Mar21 Apr21 May21
Each circle is a point estimates. Spikes represent 95% confidence intervals
Child IFA
Change in district-level #s
during COVID-19 months
compared to monthly average
pre-COVID-19 (Jan 18 - Feb 20)
Sample: 690 districts, ~28,000
district-month observations
6. Results – trends in services during COVID-19
-1500
-1000
-500
0
Change
relative
to
Jan
18-Feb
20
Mar20 Apr20 May20 Jun20 Jul20 Aug20 Sep20 Oct20 Nov20 Dec20 Jan21 Feb21 Mar21 Apr21 May21
Pregnant women Hb tests
-1500
-1000
-500
0
Change
relative
to
Jan
18-Feb
20
Mar20 Apr20 May20 Jun20 Jul20 Aug20 Sep20 Oct20 Nov20 Dec20 Jan21 Feb21 Mar21 Apr21 May21
Each circle is a point estimates. Spikes represent 95% confidence intervals
Pregnant women IFA
Change in district-level #s
during COVID-19 months
compared to monthly average
pre-COVID-19 (Jan 18 - Feb 20)
Sample: 690 districts, ~28,000
district-month observations
7. Results – interpreting service declines
53
64
55
48
0
20
40
60
80
Percent
Centers conducting HNDs Child IFA PW Hb tests PW IFA
DECLINES in April 2020 as % of services in April 2019
8. Results – data quality check
40
60
49
74
32
66
27
57
0
20
40
60
80
April
2020
declines
as
%
of
services
in
April
2019
Centers conducting HNDs Child IFA PW Hb tests PW IFA
Flagged districts reported >=15% lower births in initial COVID months (Mar-May 20) compared to the same time in the previous year
Data quality
Observed declines in services are larger in districts that likely have HMIS reporting disruptions
Districts not flagged for reporting disruptions Districts flagged for reporting disruptions
9. • Takeaway: Substantial declines in nutrition services, especially in initial months of
the pandemic. Do not appear to be entirely driven by reporting disruptions
• Future analyses: Heterogeneity by
• Lockdown severity and pre-COVID-19 institutional capacity
• Limitations
• Data quality – reporting issues during COVID-19
• Cannot fully examine trends during the second wave of COVID-19 in India (data until May 2021)
• Policy implications
• Need corrective action to reverse service gaps
• Essential to implement nutrition programming targeted at mothers and children in the early
phase of pandemics or other disasters
Discussion