Deforestation involves converting forested areas into non-forested land, primarily due to activities like agriculture, industrialization, and timber extraction. It leads to significant environmental issues such as enhanced atmospheric pollution, global warming, and biodiversity loss, alongside negative impacts on water resources and increased soil erosion. Effective control measures include regulated land usage, government involvement in law enforcement, and engaging local communities in conservation efforts.

1. DEFORESTATION

2. Deforestation
▪ It is the conversion of the forested land areas to non forest area.
▪ It can occur from removal of trees without sufficient reforestation; however, even
with reforestation significant biodiversity loss may occur.

4. DeforestationCauses
Expansion of
Agriculture.
Shifting Cultivation
Industrialization
Timber Extraction
Forest Fires
Other Developmental
Activities
1st Plot
2nd Plot
3rd Plot4th Plot
5th Plot

5. Effect of deforestation
Enhanced
atmospheric
pollution.
GlobalWarming.
Landslips.
The deforestation in
the upper hill.
Effect on
biodiversity.
Loss of commercial
valued natural
resources.
Effect on water
resources.
Hydrological cycle,
effect on water table.
Higher rate of soil
erosion.
The roots of the tree
hold the soil
together.

6. Control Measures
 Reduce wasteful usage of land, it should be utility based.
 Proper methodology of land use pattern. It will control the requirement
of land after the used land is declared unfit or barren.
 Role of government in awareness and proper implementation of laws
framed against the cutting of trees. Safeguarding the national sanctuary.
 Role of local communities. The local communities can play a greater role
in conservation, if they get to enjoy the benefits and profits they were
earlier enjoying.
Afforestation Reforestation
Social
Forestry
Role of
sacred
grove.