Here is a case study by Dragon Sourcing on Decorative Luminaire Sourcing Project from the LED category of the Consumer Goods sector for the year 2018 covering China, Poland, Czech, Hungary, Slovakia, and Romania. For details contact: www.dragonsourcing.com
3. Objectives and Approach
Context
Objectives:
• To carry out sourcing services for Decorative Luminaire
Geographical scope:
• Mainland China
• Poland
• Czech Republic
• Hungary
• Slovakia
• Romania
Deliverables:
• Supplier database
• Supplier list to be include in Phase B
• RFI-RFQ template
• RFI-RFQ analysis report
• Supplier profiles and ranking
• Suppliers pre-audit reports (optional)
DS Approach consists in the following work steps:
Phase A:
1. Demand Analysis: Work with the Client to define and understand the
products and requirements (specs, volumes, materials, production
technology, quality testing, certificates, etc.)
2. Supply Market Analysis: Identify long list of potential suppliers in
countries in scope by leveraging B2B Websites, DS Database, Fair
catalogues, Chamber of Commerce, Magazines, Network,
References.
3. Telephone Pre-screening: Selection of suppliers to be included in the
RFI-RFQ process by telephone pre-screening based on agreed simple
criteria (e.g. capability to make the product, minimum company size,
quality certifications, interest in participating)
Phase B:
4. Develop RFI-RFQ: Prepare an RFI-RFQ document, with an aligned
Balanced Scorecard that has the objective to pre-qualify the
competitiveness and capabilities of the suppliers, including:
Background, Financials, Client references and Product experience,
Quality certification & processes, Social Responsibility,
Manufacturing/technology capability, R&D capability
5. Administer the RFI-RFQ: The RFI-RFQ is translated in relevant
languages and distributed to the suppliers, with telephone follow-up to
push for maximum participation.
6. Develop with the Client a balance score card to evaluate
suppliers and analyze the RFI/RFQ: Analysis of RFI-RFQ responses
and preparation of a report which profiles & objectively ranks the
suppliers by capability, including a recommendation for those to be
audited.
7. Pre-audits (optional): Carry pre-audits of recommended suppliers in
order to identify those to have you audit.
3
5. The project until step 6 will last about 10 working weeks. The time required to perform the pre-audits
will depend on how many suppliers need to be audited and their location.
A weekly report will be sent every Friday, not excluding direct communication as needed.
5
Phase Steps In Charge W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W10
Phase A
1. Demand Analysis Client / DS
2. Supply Market Analysis DS
3. Telephone Pre-screening DS
Phase B
4. Develop RFI-RFQ Client / DS
5. Administer the RFI-RFQ DS
6. Develop with the Client a balance
score card to evaluate suppliers
and analyze the RFI/RFQ
Client / DS
7. Pre-audits (optional) Client / DS
Not started Started Finished Milestone
RFI/RFQ
template
approved
Questions to
be validated
TODAY
8. 8
13 representative SKUs from 7 main categories were selected for RFQ, with two year total spend Euro 804 K.
# Category SKU name Picture 2017+2018 Qty.
Unit price
(Euro)
2017+2018 Spend
(Euro)
1
MANTIS
XXX
2 XXX
3
ACROBATE
DE GRAS
XXX
4 XXX
5
ITT
XXX
6 XXX
7 XXX
9. 9
# Category SKU name Picture Qty.
Unit price
(Euro)
2017+2018 Spend
(Euro)
8
HERE COMES THE SUN
XXX
9 XXX
10
GRAS
XXX
11 GRAS OUTDOOR XXX
12
BINY
XXX
13 XXX
13 SKU Sub-total 803,737
13 representative SKUs from 7 main categories were selected for RFQ, with two year total spend Euro 804 K.
10. 10
Supplier skills Analysis – Must have
Must have could be subcontracted with contractors we could visit and with whom the suppliers have strong industrial links (for plastic Injection, die casting, etc. Critical are metal work :
- Sheet forming ( bending, rolling, cutting, etc)
- Metal Spinning
- Tube working
- Polishing
- LED technology assembly (probably only for Here Come the Sun and ITT)
91% 73% 52% 100% 77% 75% 66% 98% 57% 91% 91% 100%
Skills per SKU – Must have
Family # of SKU
Qty 2017
+2018
Spend
2017+2018
% of total
spend
Sheet
forming
( bending,
rolling,
cutting, etc)
Metal
Spinning
Tube
working
Polishing
LED
technology
assembly
Die casting
MIG
Welding
Plastic
injection
Liquid
painting
Plating
(chrome,
nickel, etc)
Assembly
Component
sourcing
(Cable,
sockets,
drivers, etc)
Packaging
ACROBATE DE GRAS 12 11,141 428,954 8% 0% 0% 0% 8% 8% 0% 8% 8% 0% 8% 8% 8%
BINY 40 8,680 274,080 5% 5% 0% 5% 5% 0% 0% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5%
HERE COMES THE SUN 45 21,154 936,939 17% 17% 17% 0% 17% Y 17% 17% 0% 17% 0% 17% 17% 17%
ITT 34 4,360 519,741 10% 10% 0% 0% 10% Y 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
ITS 20 7,210 132,972 2% 2% 0% 0% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2%
MANTIS 17 5,667 326,845 6% 6% 6% 6% 6% 0% 6% 0% 6% 0% 6% 6% 6%
OMBRES PORTEES 8 938 135,879 2% 1% 1% 1% 2% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 2% 2% 2%
SHADE GRAS (Abat-jour) 83 33,726 498,344 9% 9% 9% 0% 9% 0% 0% 0% 9% 0% 0% 0% 9%
GRAS 76 43,179 2,183,843 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40% 40%
Sub-total 335 136,055 5,437,596
13. 106
61 61
21 14 9
17
14
2
53
19 19
3
7
1 1
12
1
1
0
50
100
150
200
250
No. of suppliers
identified and called
No. of suppliers
passed phone
screening
No. of suppliers
included in RFI/RFQ
process
No. of RFI/RFQ
received
No. of suppliers
recommended for
factory audit
No. of suppliers has
been audited
#ofsuppliers
Client - Sourcing Project Progress Review
Romania
Slovakia
Poland
Hungary
Czech Republic
China
Decorative Luminaire Sourcing Project – Progress Review
209 suppliers from 6 countries have been identified and called, 84 suppliers passed phone screening and have been included in the
RFI/RFQ process, 25 suppliers responded to RFI/RFQ, 9 suppliers were performed factory audit by DS and Client together...
13
209
84 84
25
1
9
14
15. 15
Phone Screening Criteria
No. Type Phone Screening Questions Criteria answer
1 Products Do you manufacturer Decorative Luminaire? Must be yes.
2
Business
Type
Are you a manufacturer or Trader? Only manufacturer (or both manufacturer and trader) to be considered.
3
Export
capability
Do you have an export license?
Are you able to export to Europe?
Must be able to export to EU.
4
Product
Certificate
Are your product range certified CE, UL, ETL? CE, UL, ETL certificate
5
Production
Capacity
What is your yearly production in units? Get supplier information, not exclude supplier with this criteria.
6 How many assembly line do you have? Get supplier information, not exclude supplier with this criteria.
7
Production
Capability
Which process do you have in house? Subcontracted?
• Sheet forming ( bending, rolling, cutting, etc)
• Metal Spinning
• Tube working
• Polishing
• LED technology assembly (probably only for Here
Come the Sun and ITT)
Better to have these skills in-house, but could be subcontracted with contractors
that allow DCW to visit and with whom the suppliers have strong industrial links
(for plastic Injection, die casting, etc. Critical are metal work !
8 Are you able to assemble LED technology? only for Here Come the Sun and ITT.
16. Phone Screening – Rejection Reason Analysis
16
Rejection reasons China Poland
Czech
Republic
Hungary Slovakia Romania Total Percentage
After checking a few marketing photos of client’s lamp, supplier don‘t think they can produce required
decorative luminaire, supplier produce different type of lamps / light products.
20 3 5 7 1 3 39 31%
Doesn't have the required metal production skills, so not able to produce the required decorative luminaire. 1 13 9 3 2 28 22%
Traders, only do import or export of the lamp. No production in-house. 2 8 1 1 2 14 11%
Don't do OEM, Only produce lamp of their own designs. 6 4 9 7%
Unable to contact suppliers through phone 3 3 1 1 8 6%
Not interested in the project 5 1 6 5%
Duplicated supplier (Affiliate company) 3 2 5 4%
Small factory, after phone discussion supplier consider themselves not suit for this project. 2 1 1 4 3%
Doesn't have the required metal production skills, only do assembly. 2 1 3 2%
Most of the production steps are sub-contracted, no proper production line for DCW. 2 2 2%
Don't speak English 1 1 1 3 2%
Don't have any required certificates (CE, UL, ETL) 2 2 2%
Capacity is full 1 1 1%
Total 45 34 17 12 6 11 125
31%
22%11%
7%
6%5%
4%
3%
2%
2% 2% 2%
1%
Phone screening - rejection reason analysis
17. RFI / RFQ – Rejection Reason Analysis
17
RFQ rejection reason China Poland Hungary Slovakia Total %
Supplier think client’s product is too complicated / advanced for them to produce. 6 7 13 22%
Intend to respond but did not respond on time. 10 3 13 22%
Only can produce similar products by using the existing components. 3 1 4 7%
Need further information to proceed quotation (3D files or sample) 4 4 7%
After checking the drawings, supplier declared they're currently produce different type of lamps, starting client’s
product would require expensive investments, so give up
2 1 1 4 7%
Can't reach out to supplier to follow up the RFI/RFQ completion status. 3 3 5%
Can't quote due to supplier's production capability is not strong enough to manage client’s products. 3 3 5%
Not willing to quote consider tooling cost is too high. 2 2 3%
Can not quote before Chinese New Year. 3 3 5%
Not interested in the project, not willing to quote. 3 3 5%
Current production capacity is too small to handle client’s quantity, so not interested. 1 1 2%
Can not export by themselves, so not able to quote FOB price in Euro. 1 1 2%
Don't produce customize type for other client, only producing their own design. 1 1 2%
duplicated supplier 1 1 2%
Too busy to check the details and quote in short time. 2 2 3%
Not interested in the project, give up after knowing client need CE certification for every single product. 1 1 2%
Sub-total 40 16 2 1 59 100%
22%
22%
7%7%
7%
5%
5%
3%
5%
5%
2% 2%2%
2%
3% 2%
RFI / RFQ - Rejection reason analysis
19. RFI/RFQ Scorecard – Weight per Section
19
Section weight % Max. Point
Company Background 35% 35
Production Capability 35% 35
Quality Control Management and Certifications 20% 20
Cooperation Willingness 10% 10
In total 100% 100
35%
35%
20%
10%
Company Background
Production Capability
Quality Control Management and Certifications
Cooperation Willingness
28. 14 Chinese suppliers with potential saving Euro 254~672 K are recommended for factory audit
28
Supplier1
Supplier2
Supplier3
Supplier5
Supplier4
Supplier6
Supplier7
Supplier9
Supplier8
Supplier10
Supplier11
Supplier12
Supplier14
Supplier13
29. 29
Supplier Recommendation
No.
Supplier
name
Country Province RFI Score
# of item
quoted
# of item
with
potential
savings
Potential Savings
(based on DCW 2017+2018
two years spend 804 K Euro)
Reason for recommending
1 Supplier 1 China xxx 60 11 11
Euro 672 K,
84% potential savings
• Supplier with most savings,11 SKUs with potential saving Euro 672 K.
• 11 years of industry experience.
• 2018 annual turnover 0.88 M Euro.
• 10 years of export experience, with 42% sales export to EU, 20% to US.
• 50 employees, work floor size 3,000 square meters.
• Most of “MUST” production technology are in-house.
2 Supplier 2 China xxx 51 13 13
Euro 616 K,
77% potential savings
• Have quoted all 13 SKUs, all 13 SKUs with potential saving Euro 616 K.
• 4 years of industry experience. 2018 annual turnover 0.61 M Euro.
• 3 years of export experience, with 8% sales export to EU, 8% to US.
• 100 employees, work floor size 7,500 square meters.
• Have worked with multinational client such as EGLO.
3 Supplier 3 China xxx 52 13 13
Euro 599 K,
74% potential savings
• Have quoted all 13 SKUs, all 13 SKUs with potential saving Euro 599 K.
• 10 years of industry experience
• 2018 annual turnover 0.61 M Euro.
• 10 years of export experience, with 30% sales export to EU, 40% to US.
• 50 employees, work floor size 2,000 square meters.
• Have worked with multinational client such as: DaleTiffany, Lowe's,
Agros, John Lewis Home
4 Supplier 4 China xxx 78 13 11
Euro 470 K,
59% potential savings
• Have quoted all 13 SKUs, 11 SKUs with potential saving Euro 470 K.
• 3 years of industry experience. 2018 annual turnover 7.04 M Euro.
• 10 years of export experience, with 70% sales export to EU, 30% to US.
• Have 30 employees, work floor size 10,000 square meters.
• Most of “MUST” production technology are in-house.
• High RFI Score 78, Rank No.3 in FRI scorecard.
5 Supplier 5 China xxx 63 13 13
Euro 449,
56% potential savings
• Have quoted all 13 SKUs, all13 SKUs with potential saving Euro 449 K.
• 12 years of industry experience. 2018 annual turnover 0.7 M Euro.
• 10 years of export experience, with 96% of sales export to EU.
• 75 employees, work floor size 4,450 square meters.
• Have worked with multinational client such as Conforoma,POCO, Globo
30. 30
Supplier Recommendation
No.
Supplier
name
Country Province RFI Score
# of item
quoted
# of item
with
potential
savings
Potential Savings
(based on DCW
2017+2018 two years
spend 804 K Euro)
Reason for recommending
6 Supplier 6 China xxx 50 8 8
Euro 448 K,
72% potential savings
for 8 SKUs
• 8 SKUs with potential saving Euro 448 K.
• 9 years of industry experience.
• 2018 annual turnover 0.7 M Euro.
• 8 years of export experience, with 60% sales export to EU, 30% to US.
• 20 employees, work floor size 2,800 square meters.
7 Supplier 7 China xxx 62 13 13
Euro 434 K,
54% potential savings
for 13 SKUs
• Have quoted all 13 SKUs, all 13 SKUs with potential saving Euro 434 K.
• 13 years of industry experience.
• 13 years of export experience.
• 2018 annual turnover 4.5 M Euro.
• 120 employees, work floor size 35,000 square meters.
8 Supplier 8 China xxx 66 11 11
Euro 414 K,
52% potential savings
for 11 SKUs
• 11 SKUs with potential saving Euro 414 K.
• 16 years of industry experience
• 2018 annual turnover 12 M Euro.
• 15 years of export experience, with 20% sales export to EU, 10% to US.
• 50 employees, work floor size 3,000 square meters.
• ISO9001 certified.
9 Supplier 9 China xxx 58 8 8
Euro 398 K,
64% potential savings
for 8 SKUs
• 8 SKUs with potential saving Euro 398 K.
• 17 years of industry experience.
• 2018 annual turnover 1.5 M Euro.
• 16 years of export experience, with 60% sales export to EU, 10% to US.
• 40 employees, work floor size 10,000 square meters.
10 Supplier 10 China xxx 84 13 10
Euro 378 K,
49% potential savings
for 10 SKUs
• Have quoted all 13 SKUs, 10 SKUs with potential saving Euro 378 K.
• 12 years of industry experience. 2018 annual turnover 1.5 M Euro.
• 12 years of export experience, with 20% sales export to EU, 10% to US.
• 200 employees, work floor size 30000 square meters.
• ISO9001 certified.
• High RFI score 84, Rank No.1 in FRI scorecard.
31. 31
Supplier Recommendation
No. Supplier name Country Province RFI Score
# of item
quoted
# of item
with
potential
savings
Potential Savings
(based on DCW
2017+2018 two years
spend 804 K Euro)
Reason for recommending
11 Supplier 11 China xxx 66 8 7
Euro 297 K,
64% potential savings
• 7 SKUs with potential saving Euro 297 K.
• 7 years of industry experience
• 2018 annual turnover 3.2 M Euro.
• 7 years of export experience, with 50% sales export to EU, 5% to US.
• 50 employees, work floor size 2,000 square meters.
12 Supplier 12 China xxx 68 11 10
Euro 293 K,
38% potential savings
• Have quoted 11 SKUs, 10 SKUs with potential saving Euro 293 K.
• 9 years of industry experience
• 2018 annual turnover 3.4 M Euro.
• 9 years of export experience, with 27% sales export to EU, 45% to US.
• 52 employees, work floor size 2,400 square meters.
• Rank No.5 in FRI scorecard.
• Have worked with multinational client such as Staples, Lotus
Hospitality, KID, Lumithree, DIO2.
13 Supplier 13 China xxx 69 13 12
Euro 293 K,
45% potential savings
• Have quoted all 13 SKUs, 12 SKUs with potential saving Euro 293 K.
• 9 years of industry experience
• 2018 annual turnover 4.8 M Euro.
• 8 years of export experience, with 24% sales export to EU, 19% to US.
• 120 employees, work floor size 5,820 square meters.
• Most of “MUST” production technology are in-house.
• Rank No.4 in FRI scorecard.
14 Supplier 14 China xxx 66 11 8
Euro 254 K,
49% potential savings
• Have quoted 11 SKUs, 8 SKUs with potential saving Euro 254 K.
• 11 years of industry experience.
• 2018 annual turnover 6.1 M Euro.
• 11 years of export experience, with 70% sales export to EU, 5% to US.
• 70 employees, work floor size 3,500 square meters.
• Have worked with multinational client such as kesko, maxisvet,
odeon , castle light , rustic light .