History Of Architecture B. Arch Semester 3

1. CHARMINAR
HYDERABAD
DECCAN ARCHITECTURE

2. ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
•Islamic architecture includes a wide range of secular and religious styles from the foundation
of Islam to the present day.
•The four principal Islamic architectural types are :
MOSQUE :
Jama Masjid, Delhi
Charminar, Hyderabad
TOMB :
Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur
FORT :
Red Fort, Delhi
PALACE :
Hawa Mahal, Jaipur

3. DECCAN/DECCANI ARCHITECTURE
•AD 1344 – AD 1672
•Amalgamation of Indo-Islamic and Dravidian architecture.
•Developed during the Deccan sultanate period.
•Influenced from :
• DELHI STYLE : Due to the forced migration of Muhammed Tughaq from Delhi to Daulatabad,
many influences of Tughlaqian Delhi styles were brought to the south.
• PERSIAN STYLE : Due to the migration of Persians to South India via sea.

4. EVOLUTION OF DECCAN ARCHITECTURE
•Deccan architectural style can be divided into three main phases :
•GULBARGA PHASE (Bahmani Dynasty)
•BIDAR PHASE (Bahmani & Barid Dynasties)
•GOLCONDA PHASE (Qutb Shahi Dynasty)

5. 1 . GULBARGA PHASE (BAHMANI DYNASTY)
•AD 1347 – AD 1425
•Gulbarga was a fortified city.
•Laying foundation of the style.
•Established by the first independent ruler Ala-Ud-Din Hassan Bahaman Shah, a Persian
adventurer from court of Tuglaq.
•Final form of deccan architecture attained in form of royal tombs.
•Eg.: Tomb of Ala-Ud-Din Bahaman, an imitaion of Tuglaqs at delhi

6. 1 . GULBARGA PHASE (BAHMANI DYNASTY)
FORTRESS OF GULBARGA
(Tomb of Ala-Ud-Din-Bahman)
• AD 1327
• Area : 0.5 acres
• Periphery length : 3 km.
• Double fortification 50ft thick with 90
ft wide moat surrounding it.
• Has 16 towers mounted with 26 guns
each 26ft high.
• Materials : Granite & Lime mortar.
JAMI MASJID
• AD 1367
• Area : 38016 sq.ft.
• Rectangular plan with Mihrab on west
end with trefoil arch. Have squinches,
250 arches & 140 square pillars.
• Mixture of Persian & Indo Islamic
architecture.
• Resembles mosques in Spain & Turkey.
• Materials : Stone masonry with lime
mortar.
HAFT GUMBAZ
• Area : 158ft x 78 ft
• Dome height : 30 ft., encircled with
foliations.
• Two storey structure with recessed
arches, foliated merlons with short
fluted finials at corners.
• Tomb built in double form of two
mortuary chambers, for king and his
family.

7. 2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES)
•AD 1427
•After moving the capital of the Deccan Sultanate from Gulbarga to Bidar, the style developed
under Bahmani and later, the Barid dynasty.
•Brought Persian and Delhi elemental features in architecture.
•Included forts, palaces and mosques.
•Introduction of octagonal drums.

8. BIDAR FORT
• Built : 15th century
• Style : Persian architecture
• Layout : Haphazard rhombus
shaped
• Fort : 4 km long with laterite wall
of 15m thickness.
• Contains 2 Mosques, Madrassa
(college), Jama Masjid, 7 tombs &
7 gateways.
• Materials : Granite & lime mortar.
2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES)
TURKASH MAHAL AD 1432
• For royal guests.
RANGEEN MAHAL AD 1580
• Queen Palace

9. MADRASSA OF MAHMUD GAWAN AD 1481
• Persian University
• Three tiered structure – lecture halls, library & mosque.
• Includes Persian minarets on either sides, several arches &
niches.
• No sculptural embellishments, recesses or projections.
2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES)
TAKHT MAHAL AD 1432
• Royal residence
DIWAN I AM AD 1427
• Public audience hall

10. JAMI MASJID 14TH CENTURY
( SOLAH KHAMBAH MOSQUE)
• 16 pillared structure, with octagonal base dome structure on
top.
• Hypostyle walls inside the structure.
• Mihrab enclosed in a square compartment over which a
Gulbarga style dome is built.
TOMB OF ALI BARID AD 1579
• Open structure with large two storied archways in each of its
four sides.
• Bulbous form dome supported by four pillars.
• Materials : Green granite & laterite rock.
• Shikhara made up of alloy of gold.
2 . BIDAR PHASE (BAHMANI & BARID DYNASTIES)

11. 3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY)
•AD 1512
•The capital of the Deccan Sultanate finally moved to the southern city of Golconda, the
stronghold of the ruling Qutb Shahi dynasty
•Predominantly known as the “Hyderabad Deccan”.

12. 3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY)
GOLCONDA FORT
• Built : 17th century
• Fortress wall : 5 km circumference
• Materials : Concentric masonry blocks.
• Includes palaces, mosques and Qutb Shahi tombs.
QUTB SHAHI TOMBS (7 Tombs)
• Square plan at base, reduced to octagonal plan on top having
cenotaph at centre and minarets at each corners.
• Double dome structure with bulbous form domes.
• Evolved from Bidar tombs.
• Made of carved stonework and surrounded by landscaped
gardens.

13. SULTAN QULI QUTB UL MULK
Ruler I Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty
JAMSHEED QULI QUTB SHAH
Ruler II Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty
SUBHAN QULI QUTB SHAH
Ruler III Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty
3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY)
QUTB SHAHI TOMBS

14. IBRAHIM QULI QUTB SHAH
Ruler IV Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty
MUHAMMED QULI QUTAB SHAH
Ruler V Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty
MOHAMMED QUTB SHAH
Ruler VI Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty
3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY)

15. ABDULLAH QUTAB SHAH
Ruler VII Of Qutb Shahi Dynasty
QUTB SHAHI TOMBS
3. GOLCONDA PHASE (QUTB SHAHI DYNASTY)

16. CHARMINAR

17. CHARMINAR
•AD 1591
•Location : City of Hyderabad, stands at the crossing of two arterial axes in the old city of
Hyderabad and forms the symbolic fulcrum of the city, with its four gateways oriented
towards the cardinal directions.
•Built by Sultan Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah, under Qutb Shahi Dynasty.
•Commemoration of elimination of plaque epidemic from the city.
•Serves as Mosque & Madrassa.
•Style : Indo Islamic architecture with Persian architectural elements.

18. CHARMINAR
•Charminar means four minarets, representing first four caliphs/ khalifas of Islam.
•Built in Tajaya style.
•Based on a square plan of 30 m with four minarets on corners having height 57 m.
•Large decorated dome at top with beautiful petal motifs at base and richly embellished
cornices.
•149 winding steps to reach upper floor.
•Materials : Granite, limestone, mortar & powdered marble.

19. CHARMINAR

20. CHARMINAR

21. CHARMINAR
DOME
THREE STOREYS
SMALL ARCHES
SMALL ARCADED TRIFORIUM
RICHLY EMBELLISHED
CORNICES
PERFORATED BALUSTRADES
OGEE ARCHES ON FOUR
SIDES

22. CHARMINAR
•Monument’s gallery includes 45 closed prayer spaces and a large open space to
accommodate more.
•Has water container at centre to cleanse oneself before prayer.
•Every arch has a clock, each arch facing four streets.
•Each arch has 11m span with 20 m height and three storeys one above the other, diminishing
in sizes.
•Each storey contains
•1st storey – small arched triforium
•2nd storey – small arches
•Top storey – perforated balustrades and hanging balconies on all its sides

23. CHARMINAR
CLOCK ARCHES INTERIOR TOP VIEW

24. CHARMINAR
DETAILINGS : PERFORATED BALUSTRADES AND CALLIGRAPHY

25. SUBMITTED BY :-
08. AMMU ANNE PAUL
30. REEBU SAJU STEPHEN
33. RONITA SUSAN THOMAS