this teaches about the issues of internet usage, cyber safety, cyber bullying and to keep safe online

1. Topic: - CYBER SAFETY
Lesson Objectives
1. At the end of the lesson the students should be able to define cyber-safety.
2. At the end of the lesson the student should to identify ways to keep safe online.
3. At the end of the lesson the student should be able to enumerate the ethical
issues in the use of web 2.0 in education.
INTRODUCTTION
cybersafety Internetsafetyoronline safetyorE-Safetyistryingtobe safe on the internetandisthe act
of maximizingauser'sawarenessof personal safetyandsecurityriskstoprivate informationand
propertyassociatedwithusingthe internet,andthe self-protectionfromcomputercrime.
cybersafetymeansbeingsecure online.The online environmentisrife withthreatstooursafetyand
security.Naturally,we wishtomitigate thesethreatswhere possible,notonlyasan organizationbut
alsoin ourindividual capacities.Thesethreatsare everythingthatcanprove a risk,e.g.a publically
accessible internetconnection,phishingemails,suspiciouslinks,downloadable documentsorapps.
Cybersafetyhelpstoavoidthose risksbutalsohelpstoprotectagainsttheirconsequences,becauseitis
impossible toavoidall hazards.Evenwhensomeonecomplieswithall customarysecurityrequirements,
theycouldstill become the targetof an attack.
The followingare the waystokeepsafe online:
1. Network securityisthe practice of securinga computernetworkfromintruders,whether
targetedattackersor opportunisticmalware.
2. Applicationsecurityfocusesonkeepingsoftware and devicesfree of threats.A compromised
applicationcouldprovideaccesstothe data itsdesignedtoprotect.Successful securitybegins
inthe designstage,wellbeforeaprogramor device isdeployed.
3. Informationsecurity protectsthe integrityandprivacyof data, bothinstorage and in transit.
4. Operational security includesthe processesanddecisionsforhandlingandprotectingdata
assets.The permissionsusershave whenaccessinganetworkandthe proceduresthat
determine howandwhere datamaybe storedor sharedall fall underthisumbrella.
5. Disaster recoveryand businesscontinuity define how anorganizationrespondstoacyber-
securityincidentoranyothereventthatcausesthe lossof operationsordata.Disasterrecovery
policiesdictate howthe organizationrestoresitsoperationsandinformationtoreturnto the
same operatingcapacityas before the event.Businesscontinuityisthe planthe organization
fallsbackon while tryingtooperate withoutcertainresources.
6. End-usereducationaddressesthe mostunpredictablecyber-securityfactor:people.Anyone
can accidentallyintroduce avirustoan otherwise securesystembyfailingtofollow good
securitypractices.Teachinguserstodelete suspiciousemail attachments,notplugin
unidentified USBdrives,andvariousotherimportantlessonsisvital forthe securityof any
organization.

2. CYBER BULLYING
Cyberbullyingisone examplethatcanhave devastatingeffectsonyoungpeople.Cyberbullyingoccurs
whena bullytargetsa victimusingonlinecommunicationmethodssuchastextingorsocial mediaposts
to threaten,abuse,ordegrade someone.Withitsuse of technology,cyberbullyinghasgainedmore
attentionandnotorietyinrecentyears.It’sacrime that doesn’trestrictitself toschool orthe
playground.
What fuelscyberbullying?Unlike traditional bullying,itdoesn’trequire physical strengthoraface-to-
face meeting.AnyonewithanInternetconnectionandadigital device likea smartphone,computeror
tabletcan be a cyberbully.There are nospecifichours,anditcan happenaroundthe clock,whether
throughsocial networkingsitesorinstantmessaging. Sincemanyplatformsdon’tmake aneffortto
verifypeople’sreal identities,acyberbullycanchoose analiasand remainanonymous.Cyberbullyingis
fueledbythiscloakof anonymity,whichoftenservestoheightenthe extentof acyberbully’scruel and
damagingbehavior.Itcan targetanyone,includingyoungkidsandmiddle schoolandhighschool
students. Cyberbullyingcanleave some youthdepressedorwithdrawn,andinsome extremecaseshas
ledvictimstosuicide.
There are manydifferenttypesof cyberbullyingoutthere,andall of themcan be damagingto children
and teens.
Types ofcyberbullying
1. Outing-: Outingisa deliberate acttoembarrassor publiclyhumiliateanindividual bypostingtheir
private,sensitive,orembarrassinginformationonline.The informationrevealedcanbe minoror
serious,butcan have a severe andlastingimpactonthe victim.
2. Fraping-: Frapingisa seriousoffense where apersongainsaccessto the victim’ssocial mediaaccount
and impersonatestheminanattemptto be funnyor to ruintheirreputation.Frapingcanhave serious
consequences,especiallybecause once asocial postisout there,itmay be hard to delete itandmend
the victim’sdigital reputation.
3. Dissing-:Dissingiswhenpeople share orpostcruel informationaboutanindividual onlinetoruin
theirreputationorfriendshipswithothers.Thisincludespostingpersonalphotos,videos,and
screenshots.The personsharingthisinformationmaybe a friendoracquaintance of the victim.Some
cyberbulliesgotogreatlengthstohurt theirvictims,evencreatingwebpagesdesignedtospreadhurtful
informationandliesabouttheirvictims.
4. Trolling-:Trollingisa formof cyberbullyingdone byinsultinganindividual onlinetoprovoke them
enoughtoget a response.Usuallytheseattacksare personal andinstigate angerinthe victim, making
themlashout and behave badly.
5. Trickery -: Trickeryisthe act of gainingavictim’strustso that theyreveal secretsorembarrassing
information,whichthe cyberbullypostsonthe Internetforeveryone tosee.The personpretendstobe
a close friendandconfidant,andgivesthe victimafalse sense of securitybefore breakinghisorher
trust.
6. Sockpuppetsorcatfishing -:A “sockpuppet”isa form of deceptionthatusesafake social media
account. The creator of the fake accountgainstheirvictim’strustbypretendingtobe someone they’re

3. not.Whentheirvictimdivulgesprivateinformation,the puppeteersharesthatpersonal information
withotherswhomay bullythe victim.Catfishingsimilarlyinvolvessettingupa fake online profile,but
withthe purpose of luringitsvictimintoa deceptiveonline romance.
7. Doxing-: Doxingisderivedfromthe word“documents”andoccurswhena cyberbullyharassesand
threatensavictimonline forrevenge andtodestroytheirvictims’privacy.Doxingsharesprivate
information — suchas Social Securitynumbers,creditcards,phone numbers,andotherpersonal data
— withthe public.
8. Encouragingself-harm-:Some cyberbulliesthreatentohurttheirvictimsorconvince themtohurt
themselves.Itcanbe the worsttype of cyberbullying,becauseitcan leaditsvictimstake theirlivesby
suicide.
Cyberbullying warning signs
Cyberbullyingcomesinmanyformsandcan affectitsvictimsmanyways.It’ssmartto watch for
commonwarningsignsthatyour childisa victimof cyberbullying,aswell asbullyingingeneral.
Depression-:A huge warningsignthat yourchildmay be the victimof cyberbullyingorbullyingisif they
become withdrawnorseemdepressedandsad.Are theylosinginterestinpeople oractivitiestheyused
to enjoy?Are theysleepingin whentheyusuallydon’t?
Avoidance of social situations -:Doesyourchildor teenseemtobe avoidingsocial situationsorfriends
whomtheyenjoyedspendingtime withinthe past?Are theyspendinganinordinate amountof time
alone?Thiscouldbe a signal that somethinggreater,suchascyberbullying,isgoingon.
Changedfrequencyof deviceuse -:Have younoticedthatyour childsuddenlyisalwaysonsocial media
or Snapchat,or textingontheircell phones?Thiscouldsignal theyare the targetof cyberbullying— or
are doingthe bullying.A markeddecreaseindeviceuse couldalsobe awarningsign.Payingattentionto
any changesinyour child’sonlinebehaviorcouldhelpyoudetecttrouble.
Secrecy -: Doesyourchildhide theirdeviceswheneveryou’re aroundordodge questionsabouttheir
online activity?Theycouldbe hidingthe possibilitythattheyare beingbulliedonline.Thisisan
importantopportunityforyoutointervene,helpthemsortouttheiremotions,andputa stopto the
harmful behavior.
Heightenedemotions -:Anotherwarningsignof cyberbullyingisif yourchildseemstogetupsetor
angry whenthey’re online.Cryingisawarningsign.While laughingisn’tabadthing,it mightbe if
they’re the onesdoingorwitnessingthe cyberbullying.
Suspicioussocial mediaaccountactivity -:Has yourchildsuddenlycancelledtheirsocial media
accounts?Or dotheyseemto have multipleaccounts?These couldbe warningsignsthatsomething
isn’tright.
Suspiciousphotos -:Have youseenimages of yourchildontheircell phone orothers’social media
accounts thatare demeaningandinappropriate?Orhave youfoundimagesof someone else onone of

4. your child’sdevicesthatyouknowthe otherpersonwouldn’twantshared?These are warningsignsthat
eitheryourchildisthe targetor source of cyberbullying.
Hurtful comments -:Are there meancommentsharassingorembarrassingyourchildontheirsocial
mediaaccountsor in theirtextmessages?Keepingupwiththeironline activityisimportant,especially
so youcan spot cyberbullyingbehavior — suchas hurtful comments — before theyare deleted.Evenif
deleted,thosecommentsmayinflictemotionaldamage onyourchild.
How to protect your child from cyberbullying -: One of the firstthings parentsshoulddowhen
theirchildisbeingcyberbulliedisremembertostayaware and calm.Childrenmaynotlike totell their
parentswhentheyare beingcyberbulliedbecausetheyfeel embarrassedorthey’re afraidtheymight
lose theirinternetprivileges.
Talk to yourkidsaboutcyberbullying.Letthemknow cyberbullyingcanbe common that theyaren’tthe
onlyvictims.Teachyourkidsthe basicsof online securityandstayconnectedwiththemdailyand
digitally.
Anotheroptiontokeepchildrensafe onlineistoinstall reliableonline securityonall of the devicesthey
access.For instance letsyourkidsexplore the webfreelywhile keepingyouinthe know aboutwhich
sitestheyvisit.Itcomeswithparental controlsthatblockunsuitablecontentfor kidsandprovides
insightintoyourchild’ssocial mediaactivitywhentheylogintosocial mediasitesfromtheirPC.
The securitysoftware alsohelpsprotectyourchildfromaccidentallygivingoutsensitivepersonal
informationfromtheircomputer.Thisincludesphone numbers,address,email,andthe school they
attend.It alsoalertsyouwhenyourchildattemptstovisita blockedsite.
Cyberbullyingisaproblemthat’snoteasyto solve.Butawarenessandknowledgeare the firststepsto
helpkeepyourchildrensafe online.
ETHICAL ISSUES RELATED TO WEB 2.0 IN EDUCATION
Ethicsare a setof standardsgoverningthe conductof membersof a profession.Ethicsestablishbasic
valuesforresponsible actionsandpracticeswithinaprofessional community.Althoughtheremaybe no
punishmentforviolatingethical standards,some practices(suchasspammingandsendingviruses) are
beingwrittenorwill be writtenintolaw.The generallyagreed-uponethical standardsforWeb
professionalshave developedfromyearsof experience,andmanyhave beeninheritedfromother
professions.
Web2.0 toolsare toolsof technologythatallow teachersandstudentsaliketocreate,collaborate,edit
and share contenton-line thatisuser-generated....Toolsforthe creationandsupportof a web-based
learningenvironment.Toolsforcommunicationandthe cultivationof relationships.Web2.0toolsare
free digital programsthatcan be usedfor creatingandsharingstudent-generatedprojectsandproducts.
Theyare interactive,multi-purpose,easy-to-use digital platformsthatencourage studentstocollaborate
witheachotheror create and share individualizedresponse products.
Web2.0 toolsprovide engagingwaysstudentscaninteractwith,andmostimportantly,learnfrom
course material.Theyare particularlyhelpful whenalignedtoteachingandassessmentexercisesmeant
to increase studentengagement,require studentstosummarize information,orverbalize insightinto
theirconceptual understandingthroughmeansotherthantraditional writingexercises.Web2.0tools

5. alsoprovide studentsanopportunitytointeractwithothersastheyshare theirknowledge.Students
can collaborate withclassmatestocreate response products,ortheycanshare completedproductswith
peersintheirclass,studentsinothersections,orotherlearnersaroundthe world.Web2.0toolscreate
opportunitiesforstudentstoshare whattheyare learningwithawideraudience. Examplesof Web2.0
sitesinclude Wikipedia,Facebook,Twitter,andwebblog sites,(e.g.wordpress) whichall transformed
the way the same informationwassharedanddelivered.
Examplesof ethical behaviorforWebprofessionalsincludethe following:
I. Do not sendunsolicitedbulke-mail,orspam.
II. Do not buydomainnamesthatyou do notintendtouse (a practice also knownasdomain
squattingorcyber-squatting).
III. Do not knowinglyspreadmaliciousprogramcode suchas virusesorworms.
IV. Do not passalongchain e-mail messages,especiallythose that implythreats.
V. Be honestwithyourcustomers,anddonot overcharge fortechnical servicesthattheymaynot
understand.
The followingare kindsof ethical issuesrelatedtoweb2.0 ineducation
1. Spam -:Spam isunsolicitedbulke-mail — thatis,e-mail messagesthatthe recipientsdidnotask
to receive.Asyouare undoubtedlyaware,millions(if notbillions) of spammessagesare sentto
Webuserseveryday.
2. Uneasinesswithopenness.A numberof participantsnotedthatthe opennature of Web2.0
technologiesisstill new tomanystudents.Theyreportedthatsome studentsare very
uncomfortable withthe opennessandare reluctanttoparticipate inclassactivitiesthatutilize
Web2.0.
3. privacyissueswithWeb2.0. Most of these toolsrequire eachstudenttocreate an account.
Whenstudentscreate accounts,the website storesandsometimessell theirinformation.
4. Offensive orIllegal Content -:The multitudeof offensive andinappropriate contentavailable
online leadstomanydifficultandawkwardconversationswithourchildren.Andthisisonlythe
contentthey’ll openlyaskusabout.Aschildrenbecome older,they’relesslikelytoconsultwith
a parenton what theyhave seenanddon’tunderstand,outof fearof devicesbeingtakenaway
fromthemor parental controlsapplied.Associal mediahascome intoplay,there isalsoan
increase inthe amountof inappropriate andillegalcontentmade availabletokidswithoutthem
evenhavingtoseekitout.Lately,since Facebookreleasedtheir“Live Video”feature therehas
beena frequencyof youngpeoplelivestreamingthemselvesself-harming.These videos,when
viewedinreal time are unmonitoredandcantake weekstobe removedbyFacebook.
5. UnwantedContact-: Whenit comesto the online world,where there are childrenthere are
predators.Withan increase inthe availabilityof livestreamingappsandpublicmessagingapps,
there isan increasedopportunityforpredatorstoreadilytargetandgroomtheirvictims.Sadly,
it ismore difficultforyoungerchildrentounderstandthatapersonposingonline asachildmay
be someone mucholderattemptingtogroomthem.Because of this,they’re more likelyto
readilyshare informationaboutthemselves.Live streamingappspresentaverygreatriskas
childrendon’t realisehoweasilytheycanbe foundinreal life,justfrompostingvideosintheir
school uniform.