about cyber crimes and cyber security

1. Introduction to Cyber crime and
Cyber Security
Prepared By:-
KAUSHAL SOLANKI

3. Definition of a computer crime
• All crimes performed or resorted to by abuse
of electronic media or otherwise, with the
purpose of influencing the functioning of
computer or computer system
• Computer crime is when
– Computer is a target
– Computer is a tool for the crime
– Computer is incidental to a crime

4. TThhee UUssuuaall SSuussppeeccttss
• Disgruntled employees
• Teenagers
• Political activist
• Professional Hackers
• Business Rival
• Ex wife or husband/BF or GF

5. • Gullible
• Greedy people
• Unskilled and Inexperienced
• Trusting People
• Unlucky people

6. • Anonymity
• Computer’s storage capacity
• Weakness in operating system
• Lack of Awareness from user

7. Different types ooff Cyber Crimes
• Hacking
• Denial of service attack
• Virus dissemination
• Software Piracy
• Pornography
• IRC Crimes
• Credit Card Fraud
• NET Extortion
• Phishing
• Spoofing
• Cyber Stalking
• Cyber Defamation
• Threatening
• Salami Attack

8. • Hacking: Illegal intrusion into a computer
system without the permission of the
computer owner/user

9. Denial of Service Attack
• An act by the criminal, who floods the
bandwidth of the victim’s network or fills their
e-mail box with spam mail depriving him of
the services he is entitled to access or provide

10. • Malicious software that attaches itself to
other software.
• (Virus, Worms, Trojan Horse, Time Bomb,
Logic Bomb)

11. Software Piracy
• Theft of Software through the illegal copying
of genuine programs or the counterfeiting and
distribution of products intended to pass for
the original
– Examples(Pirate Bay, Bootlegs, etc)
– End user copying, Downloads

12. PPeeddoopphhiilleess
• Internet allows them to
– Instant access to other predators worldwide;
– Open discussion with children
– Support from other pedophiles
– Disguise their identities

13. Pedophiles
• Pedophile organizations include
• – NAMBLA (The North American Man-Boy Love
Association) and
• – PAN (Pedophile Alert Network) in the Netherlands.
• – Members receive monthly magazines and
newsletters that include seduction techniques and
advice on avoiding detection and prosecution.
Pedophiles meet each other via the Internet where
they swap methods, success stories, even names,
descriptions, and images of children.

14. Internet Relay Chat (IRC) servers have chat rooms in
which people from anywhere the world can come
together and chat with each other
• Criminals use it for meeting coconspirators.
• Hackers use it for discussing their exploits / sharing the
techniques
• Pedophiles use chat rooms to allure small children
• Cyber Stalking - In order to harass a woman her
telephone number is given to others as if she wants to
befriend males

15. Credit Card Fraud
• If electronic transactions are not secured the
credit card numbers can be stolen by the
hackers who can misuse this card by
impersonating the credit card owner

16. • Copying the company’s confidential data in
order to extort the company for a huge
amount

17. • A technique of pulling out confidential
information from the bank/financial accounts
by deceptive means

18. EX: of Phishing Email
From: *****Bank [mailto:support@****Bank.com]
Sent: 08 June 2004 03:25
To: India
Subject: Official information from ***** Bank
Dear valued ***** Bank Customer!
For security purposes your account has been
randomly chosen for verification. To verify
your account information we are asking you to
provide us with all the data we are requesting.
Otherwise we will not be able to verify your identity
and access to your account will be denied. Please click
on the link below to get to the bank secure
page and verify your account details. Thank you.
https://infinity.*****bank.co.in/Verify.jsp
****** Bank Limited

19. • Getting one Computer on the network to
pretend to have the identity of another
computer, usually one with special access
privileges, so as to obtain access to the other
computers on the network.

20. • The criminal follows the victim by sending
emails, entering the chat rooms as the person
being stalked frequently

21. • The Criminal sends emails containing
defamatory matters to all concerned off the
victim or post the defamatory matters on a
website..
• (disgruntled employee may do this against
boss,, ex-boys friend against girl,, divorced
husband against wife etc)

22. • The criminal sends threatening email or
comes in contact in the chat rooms with
victim
• (Anyone disgruntled may do this against boss,
friend or official)

23. SSaallaammii AAttttaacckk
• In such crime criminal makes insignificant
changes in such a manner that such changes
would go unnoticed.
• Criminal makes such program that deducts small
amount like Rs. 2.50 per month from the account
of all the customer of the Bank and deposit the
same in his account. In this case no account
holder will approach the bank for such small
amount but criminal gains huge amount.

24. Sale of Narcotics
• Sale and Purchase through the net
• Websites offer sales and shipment of
contraband drugs
• May use hidden messages to sell the drugs

26. WHAT IS CYBER-SAFETY?
26
What
is…
 Cyber-safety is a common term
used to describe a set of practices,
measures and/or actions you can
take to protect personal information
and your computer from attacks.

27. TOP FIVE CYBER-SAFETY ACTIONS
Additional information about each of the actions below is provided on slides 8-14. Faculty
and staff should work with their technical support coordinator before implementing these
measures.
27
1. Run Anti-virus Software
2. Prevent Identity Theft
3. Turn on Personal Firewalls
4. Protect Passwords
5. Back up Important Files

28. RUN ANTI-VIRUS SOFTWARE
 To avoid computer problems caused by viruses, install and run an anti-virus
program.
 Periodically, check to see if your anti-virus is up to date by opening your anti-virus
28
program and checking the Last updated: date.
 Anti-virus software removes viruses, quarantines and repairs infected files,
and can help prevent future viruses.

29. PREVENT IDENTITY THEFT
29
 Don't give out financial account numbers, Social Security
numbers, driver’s license numbers or other personal
identity information unless you know exactly who's
receiving it. Protect others people’s information as you
would your own.
 Never send personal or confidential information via email
or instant messages as these can be easily intercepted.

30. TURN ON PERSONAL
FIREWALLS
 Check your computer's security settings for a built-in personal firewall. If you
have one, turn it on. Microsoft Vista and Mac OSX have built-in firewalls
 Firewalls act as protective barriers between computers and the internet.
 Hackers search the Internet by sending out pings (calls) to random
computers and wait for responses. Firewalls prevent your computer from
responding to these calls.
30

31. PROTECT PASSWORDS
 Do not share your passwords, and always make new passwords difficult to
guess by avoiding dictionary words, and mixing letters, numbers and
punctuation.
 Do not use one of these common passwords or any variation of them: qwerty1,
abc123, letmein, password1, iloveyou1, (yourname1), baseball1.
 Change your passwords periodically.
 When choosing a password:
31
o Mix upper and lower case letters
o Use a minimum of 8 characters
o Use mnemonics to help you remember a difficult password

32. BACK UP IMPORTANT FILES
 Reduce your risk of losing important files to a virus, computer crash, theft or
disaster by creating back-up copies.
 Keep your critical files in one place on your computer’s hard drive so you can
easily create a back up copy.
 Save copies of your important documents and files to a CD, online back up
service, flash or USB drive, or a server.
 Store your back-up media in a secure place away from your computer, in
case of fire or theft.
 Test your back up media periodically to make sure the files are accessible
and readable.
32

33. CYBER-SAFETY AT HOME
 Avoid leaving your laptop unsupervised and in plain view in the
library or coffee house, or in your car, dorm room or home.
 Set up a user account and password to prevent unauthorized access
to your computer files.
 Do not install unnecessary programs on your computer.
33
Home

34. CYBER-SAFETY AT WORK
 Be sure to work with your technical support coordinator before implementing
new cyber-safety measures.
 Talk with your technical support coordinator about what cyber-safety
measures are in place in your department.
 Do not install unnecessary programs on your work computer.
34
Work

35. • vlc-record-2014-09-22-22h25m35s-Facts+about+

36. IT ACT PROVISIONS
• email would now be a valid and legal form of
communication in our country that can be duly
produced and approved in a court of law.
• Companies shall now be able to carry out electronic
commerce using the legal infrastructure provided
by the Act.
• Digital signatures have been given legal validity and
sanction in the Act.

37. IT ACT PROVISIONS
• The Act now allows Government to issue
notification on the web thus heralding e-governance
• statutory remedy in case if anyone breaks
into companies computer systems or
network and causes damages or copies data