Current status of ARBs in BD.ppt
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This document discusses angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which are used to treat hypertension and other conditions. It lists the major ARBs available worldwide and in Bangladesh specifically. Data on the top selling ARBs in Bangladesh from 2001-2012 shows losartan as the highest selling, with strong growth from olmesartan and irbesartan as well. Clinical trials findings suggest azilsartan may provide better blood pressure control than other ARBs. A price comparison table shows the monthly and annual costs of common ARBs.
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2) There are several classes of antihypertensive drugs, including ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, diuretics, and angiotensin receptor blockers.
3) The document provides details on the mechanisms of several classes of antihypertensive drugs and examples of drugs within each class, such as ACE inhibitors decreasing angiotensin II and calcium channel blockers inhibiting calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells.
@Hypertension guideline update 2015
This talk address the BP guidelines from world societies and also from Taiwan Society of Cardiology (TSOC). See the outline below:
TSOC 2010
ESH/ESC 2013
ASH/ISH 2013
JNC 8 2014
CHEP 2015
TSOC 2015
Antihypertensives
This document discusses antihypertensive agents used to treat hypertension. It describes different categories of agents including adrenergic agents, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, and vasodilators. For each category, the document outlines mechanisms of action, examples of medications, therapeutic uses, and potential side effects. It emphasizes the importance of monitoring blood pressure during therapy and avoiding abruptly stopping medications.
Irbesartan
This document provides information about the drug irbesartan, including its trade names, dosage forms, pharmacological mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, indications and usage, interactions, side effects, contraindications, and storage. Irbesartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used to treat hypertension. It is well absorbed orally and highly protein bound. Common side effects include diarrhea, heartburn, dizziness and fatigue. Irbesartan has few drug interactions and may be taken with or without food.
Co valtin
Co-Valtin is a combination drug of amlodipine and valsartan presented by Mohammed Moshiur Rahaman of ACME Laboratories Ltd. It is available in 5/80 mg and 5/160 mg doses for 9 and 16 taka respectively. The drug treats hypertension and can be increased to a maximum dose of 10/320 mg after 1-2 weeks. It targets cardiologists, endocrinologists, neurologists, medicine specialists and nephrologists. The valsartan and amlodipine market was 15.5 crore in size in 2Q 2014 with 46% growth, led by generic companies Incepta, Popular and Square.
Orbas
This document discusses Orbas, an olmesartan medication for treating hypertension. It is available in 20 mg and 40 mg tablets, with dosing of 20 mg once daily or up to 40 mg, or for children 10 mg for weight under 35 kg and 20 mg for weight over 35 kg. Olmesartan effectively reduces blood pressure in adults and children aged 6 years and older. The document also discusses endothelial cells, which line blood vessels and control blood pressure, and how endothelial dysfunction can result from and contribute to diseases like hypertension.
Ace inhibitor
ACE inhibitors were originally synthesized from compounds found in pit viper venom. They work by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, lowering blood pressure. Major clinical trials have shown that ACE inhibitors reduce mortality and hospitalization in patients with heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and vascular disease. Landmark trials such as HOPE and EUROPA demonstrated that ACE inhibitors provide cardiovascular protection beyond blood pressure lowering alone in patients at high risk of cardiovascular events.
Losartan simple presentation
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker used to treat hypertension. It works by competitively inhibiting the binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors, preventing vasoconstriction and lowering blood pressure. Common side effects include dizziness, hypotension, and hyperkalemia. Losartan has drug interactions with NSAIDs, potassium supplements, and lithium that can increase the risk of hyperkalemia and lithium toxicity. It is classified as pregnancy category D and contraindicated in pregnant women.
Drugs acting on Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone system
This document discusses drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAA system). It describes the RAA system and lists the main drug classes: renin inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and aldosterone antagonists. For each drug class, it covers the mechanism of action, pharmacological effects, clinical uses, and adverse effects. The key drugs discussed are aliskiren, various ACE inhibitors like enalapril and lisinopril, angiotensin receptor blockers like losartan and valsartan, and aldosterone antagonists spironolactone and eplerenone.
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The Indian Premier League (IPL) is one of the most prominent and lucrative Twenty20 (T20) cricket leagues in the world. Since its inception in 2008, the IPL has revolutionized the landscape of cricket by blending sports, entertainment, and commerce. This summary provides an overview of the IPL's history, structure, notable performances, controversies, and its impact on cricket and beyond.
History and Formation
The IPL was launched by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2008, inspired by the success of domestic T20 leagues like the English T20 Cup and the now-defunct Indian Cricket League (ICL). Lalit Modi, the then Vice-President of BCCI, played a crucial role in conceptualizing and launching the league. The inaugural season kicked off in April 2008 with eight franchises representing different cities in India.
Structure and Format
The IPL follows a franchise-based model, where teams are owned by a mix of corporations, Bollywood stars, and other high-profile individuals. The league originally started with eight teams, although the number has fluctuated over the years due to various reasons including expansions and terminations. As of the latest seasons, the IPL features ten teams.
The tournament format includes a double round-robin stage, where each team plays the others twice, followed by playoffs. The top four teams from the round-robin stage qualify for the playoffs, which consist of two qualifiers, an eliminator, and the final. This format ensures a highly competitive and engaging tournament, culminating in a grand finale to crown the champion.
Teams and Their Evolution
The founding teams of the IPL were:
Chennai Super Kings (CSK)
Delhi Daredevils (now Delhi Capitals)
Kings XI Punjab (now Punjab Kings)
Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR)
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Deccan Chargers (now defunct, replaced by Sunrisers Hyderabad)
Over the years, the league has seen new teams such as Pune Warriors India, Kochi Tuskers Kerala, Gujarat Lions, and Rising Pune Supergiant. The most recent additions are the Gujarat Titans and Lucknow Super Giants, introduced in the 2022 season.
Iconic Players and Performances
The IPL has attracted the best talent from around the world, with numerous iconic players making significant contributions. Some of the standout performers include:
Sachin Tendulkar (MI): The "Little Master" brought his legendary status to the IPL, winning the Orange Cap (top run-scorer) in 2010.
Chris Gayle (RCB, KXIP): Known for his explosive batting, Gayle holds the record for the highest individual score in an IPL match (175*).
MS Dhoni (CSK): Dhoni's leadership has been instrumental in CSK's success, leading them to multiple titles.
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Virat Kohli (RCB): The highest run-scorer in IPL history, Kohli's batting prowess is unmatched.
La
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Here are our Euro 2024 predictions for the group stages
Will England make it through the group stages?, Will Germany use the home advantage to full effect?
Follow our progress, see how many we get right
If you want to join in let us know before the first game kick off and we can invite you to our private league
or join in with our friends at DeeperThanBlue
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/activity-7204868572995538944-qejG
https://www.selectdistinct.co.uk/2024/06/13/euro-2024-match-predictions/
#EURO2024 #Germany2024 #England #EURO2024predictions
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Current status of ARBs in BD.ppt
- 1. ARBs (Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers) Presented by Mohammed Moshiur Rahaman Brand Executive Brand Management Department Strategic Brand Management Division The ACME Laboratories Ltd.
- 2. Indications Main Indication : For the treatment of hypertension Other Indications : 1. Diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage due to diabetes) 2. Congestive heart failure
- 3. Available ARBs In World Losartan Candesartan Valsartan Irbesartan Telmesartan Eprosartan Olmesartan (FDA 2002) Azilsartan (FDA 2011)
- 4. Available ARBs In Bangladesh (3Q, 2012) Generic Introduce (Year) Market (Crore) Growth Losartan 2001 91.99 33.29 Valsartan 2003 10.16 0.53 Olmesartan 2010 8.45 81.11 Irbesartan 2002 2.96 49.56 Telmesartan 2005 0.77 -24.88 Candesarta n 2003 0.37 -30.76
- 5. Azilsartan Olmesartan Valsatan Losartan Generic Azilsartan Medoxomil INN Olmesartan Medoxomil USP Valsartan INN Losartan Potassium USP Therapeutic Class Antihypertensive (ARBs) Antihypertensive (ARBs) Antihypertensive (ARBs) Antihypertensive (ARBs) Dosage Form Tablet Tablet Tablet Tablet Strength 40 mg & 80 mg 10 mg, 20 mg & 40 mg 40 mg, 80 mg & 160 mg 25 mg, 50 mg & 100 mg Drug Interactions No significant drug-drug interactions No significant drug-drug interactions No significant drug-drug interactions No significant drug-drug interactions Pregnancy category D C C C Use in children Safety and effectiveness have not been established Safety and effectiveness have been established Safety and effectiveness have not been established Safety and effectiveness have been established FDA/BNF approval FDA approved (2011) FDA approved (2002) FDA approved (2001) FDA approved (1995) Pharmacokinetic data Bioavailability: 60% Half-life: 11 hours Bioavailability: 29% Half-life: 13 hours Bioavailability: 25% Half-life: 6 hours Bioavailability: 33% Half-life: 6-9 hours AT1 affinity More than 10000 fold 12500 fold 20000 fold 10000 fold tmax (h) 1.5-3.0 hrs 1.4-2.8 hrs 2 hrs 3-4 hrs
- 6. Clinical Trails Azilsartan at its maximal dose has superior efficacy to both Olmesartan and Valsartan at their maximal, approved doses without increasing adverse events. Azilsartan could provide higher rates of hypertension controls within the ARB class. Ref: Hypertension, 2011 Mar, 57 (3): 413-420. Epub 2011 Jan 31 (Pubmed)
- 8. Price Comparison Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Price/Dose Price/Month Annual Price/Patient Azilsartan 40 mg tablet $0.735 $22.05 $264.60 80 mg tablet $0.735 $22.05 $264.60 25 mg tablet $0.291 $8.73 $104.76 50 mg tablet $0.0746 $2.238 $26.86 100 mg tablet $0.1015 $3.045 $36.54 5 mg tablet $1.0273 $30.819 $369.83 20 mg tablet $1.1029 $33.087 $397.04 40 mg tablet $1.1683 $35.049 $420.59 40 mg tablet $0.3003 $9.009 $108.11 80 mg tablet $0.3000 $9.00 $108.00 160 mg tablet $0.3000 $9.00 $108.00 320 mg tablet $0.6502 $19.506 $234.07 Losartan Olmesartan Valsartan