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Culture, language and comunication
- 1. Matriz de objetosde avaliação do PAS 1ª Etapa: http://www.cespe.unb.br/pas/arquivos%5CMat riz%20de%20Objeto%20de%20Avalia%C3%A7% C3%A3o%20do%20PAS%20Primeira%20Etapa.pdf
- 2. Grup work: Groups of3 or 4 students. The Human Being axles: 1.1 - NATURE AND CULTURE 1.2 - BODY AND PSYCHISM Topics and skills to be developed by the students: a) Distinguish between the concepts of nature and culture; b) Understand the notion of culture as essential to the definition of human c) Understand that, in humans, the biological characteristics of nature and cultural data are deeply associated.
- 3. Answer the followingquestions: 1 - What distinguishes humans from other animals? 2 - What approaches humans from other animals? 3 - Is there a human nature? A human essence? In humans, is it possible to distinguish what is natural from what is cultural? 4 – Can human groups take advantage of natural resources without thinking of its limits? 5 - Should laws be applied to all individuals equally, without regard to the differences of the natural environments in which they live? Or without taking into account the cultural particularities in which they were educated?
- 4. Research animals withhuman behaviours. Ex.: Birds that can speak and sing, gorilas that use sign language, dolfins that comunicate to humans...
- 5. Some questions shouldbe asked on this subject: Is it the language that distinguishes man? Or do animals have their own language? To try to answer these questions will resort to text BENVENISTE, Problems in General Linguistics in. I, chapter titled ANIMAL COMMUNICATION AND HUMAN LANGUAGE.
- 6. In this text,Benveniste suggests that the fundamental conditions of a proper linguistic communication seem lacking in the animal world and to justify himself, describes the code that bees have to advertise the local food was found, which was explained by Karl von Frisch .
- 7. CODE OF BEES? After discovering the local food and catch your nectar and pollen, a worker bee harvester back to the hive where it is surrounded by other bees take pollen from their antennas or nectar spewed by that . Then performs various kinds of dance (which can be considered as the act of communication) are in this case two types of dance : ? - Circular consists in plotting horizontal circles from right to left, then left to right, successively ; ? - shaped 8 : accompanied by a constant vibration of the abdomen , more or less mimics the figure of eight . ? After the dances , one or more bees are directed to where the first bee had found food and repeating back dance to other bees , and so on. Later it was discovered that dancing 3 data informs about food : ? THE EXISTENCE OF THE SOURCE OF FOOD : dance ; ? DISTANCE : in circles announces that food should be looked at a little distance , while dancing in eight means the food is farther ; ? dIRECTION : the axis of the "eight " toward the sun announces the direction .
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- 9. What to do Priorto distributing the sheets, divide the class into three groups and allocate one of the concepts to each group. Have students brainstorm words and phrases associated with their concept and record on butchers’ paper. Ask a representative from each group to present their ideas to the whole class. Hand out the definitions sheet and work through the definitions with the class. Review each of the brainstorming sheets in terms of these definitions. Hand out the questions sheet and have students complete them and compare with classmates.
- 10. These concepts arecomplex and are often confused or thought to mean the same thing – but they do not. Many different definitions of these terms exist, and the following are examples: Culture Culture is not about superficial group differences or just a way to label a group of people. It is an abstract concept. It is diverse, dynamic and ever-changing. It is the shared system of learned and shared values, beliefs and rules of conduct that make people behave in a certain way. It is the standard for perceiving, believing, evaluating and acting. Not everyone knows everything about their own culture.
- 11. Race The term ‘race’is not appropriate when applied to national, religious, geographic, linguistic or ethnic groups. Race does not relate to mental characteristics such as intelligence, personality or character. Race is a term applied to people purely because of the way they look. It is considered by many to be predominantly a social construct. It is difficult to say a person belongs to a specific race because there are so many variations such as skin colour. All human groups belong to the same species (Homosapiens).
- 12. Ethnicity Ethnicity is asense of peoplehood, when people feel close because of sharing a similarity. It is when you share the same things, for example: physical characteristics such as skin colour or bloodline, linguistic characteristics such as language or dialect, behavioural or cultural characteristics such as religion or customs or environmental characteristics such as living in the same area or sharing the same place of origin.
- 13. Culture, Race &Ethnicity questions How does culture define who a person is? What is your culture? Is this the same as your ethnicity? What is a common belief about race and how is it untrue? Identify some stereotypes you know of about a particular group of people. List some of your values, beliefs and customs (3 of each). What are some of the things from your culture that you are proud of? What are some of the things about your culture that you don’t like? How would you describe Brazilian culture? What are some cultural issues in Brazill today? The observable aspects of culture such as food, clothing, celebrations, religion and language are only part of a person’s cultural heritage. These things make up how you live and what makes you accepted in society.
- 14. Fill in thetable below with information about your own culture. Compare your information with that of your classmates.