Connectivism is a learning theory that describes how learning occurs in a digital age through connections within networks. Knowledge resides in diversity of opinions and connections between information sources. Learning is defined as gaining actionable knowledge that can come from human or non-human appliances. Maintaining connections is important for continual learning. CHAT (Cultural Historical Activity Theory) is a framework that views learning as a social and cultural process. Learning occurs within activities that are goal-directed and mediated by tools, rules, community, and division of labor. Contradictions within an activity system can trigger expansive learning cycles that lead to innovation. History is important for understanding how current activities and meanings developed. Both connectivism and CH