The document discusses several issues to consider before construction including accessibility to the site, existing underground services, water table levels, soil conditions, site clearance needs, and temporary works. Safety measures for the construction site include fencing, lighting, alarms, security guards and CCTV monitoring. Different trench shoring methods like timbering, stay bracing and sheeting are outlined for varying soil stability situations.

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2. ISSUES TO BE TAKEN
INTO CONSIDERATION
BEFORE CONSTRUCTION
ACCESSIBILITY TO
SITE
SERVICE
WATER TABLE SITE CLEARANCE
SITE INVESTIGATION
SUBSOILS
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TEMPORARY WORK

3. - Consideration on how the
vehicles will enter and exit
the site.
- Condition of road
- If no suitable accessibility,
temporary road is needed.
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4. - Knows the building around
the construction site
- To reduce disturbance to the
neighbors building ( noise )
- To guarantee the safety
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5. - Is there any underground
service ?
- Electricity cables, water
pipes, sewers
- SOLUTION ;
- Locate the pipes and cables
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6. - The level below which the ground
is saturated with water
- Ground water pressure equals to
atmospheric pressure
- IMPACT ON CONSTRUCTION
OF A HIGH WATER TABLE ;
- Extra costs to increase trench
support
- Presence of chemical such as acid
can lead to damage of foundation
and other materials used below
the ground level
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7. - Determine whether the type
of subsoil is suitable for the
construction
SANDGRAVEL
HARD ROCK CLAY
Gravel : Ideal subsoil, strong and
easily drained
Sand : Loose, subject to movement
Hard Rock : Good foundation, High
excavation cost
Clay : Good bearing capacity, does
not drain well
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8. - Removing existing structure
on the construction site
- Removing shrubs and trees
- Remove soil to reduce level
Bulldozer : equipped with a
blade used to push large
quantities of materials
[Rear] : claw-like device (ripper)
to loosen densely compacted
materials
Stump Grinder : power
equipment attachment that
remove tree stumps
Rotating cutting disk that
chips away wood
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9. Part of construction project that are
needed to enable the permanent
works to be built
• Site office
• Site accommodation
• Site toilet
• Material storage
• Security
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10. - FENCE AND LOCK
- LIGHTING
- ALARMS & SECURITY
GUARDS
- CCTV

11. - Surrounded the whole
construction site
- Offer a clear indication to
any outsiders that the area
within is strictly off limits.
.
- Large, open and outdoor
- Due to these sites seldom
have sufficient lighting
- To prevent criminals from
being able to operate in
shadow.

12. - Image can be recorded or
monitored live
- On site or remotely
- Install a silent alarm
- 24-hour manned guarding

13. SCAFFOLDING
A temporary structure on the outside of the building, used by workers to climb up the
building to work
Putlog Scaffold
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Independent Scaffold Mobile Access Tower

14. Trenches in Firm Soil Trenches in Bad SoilTrenches in Loose Soil
- When ground is so bad that it will not stand to a
vertical surface when poling board is inserted
- Should the looseness of the soil supports being
fixed at closer intervals than 6 feet.
- Timbering a trench in firm ground, in which case
short deal and batten “ends”.
- Temporary supports to sides of excavations.
- Planking & Strutting
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFYkeT0Yk6k
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15. Timbering
of
trenches
STAY BRACING
VERTICAL
SHEETING
BOX
SHEETING
RUNNER
SYSTEM
SHEET
PILING
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16. Thank you ! (:
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