Presentation given by Dr Hao Liu from University of Nottingham on "CO2 capture from NGCC Flue Gas and Ambient Air Using PEI-Silica Adsorbent" in the Capture Technical Session on Solid Adsorption at the UKCCSRC Biannual Meeting - CCS in the Bigger Picture - held in Cambridge on 2-3 April 2014
Presentation given by Professor Colin Snape from University of Nottingham on "Performance Enhanced Activated Spherical Carbon Adsorbents for CO2 Capture" in the Capture Technical Session on Solid Adsorption at the UKCCSRC Biannual Meeting - CCS in the Bigger Picture - held in Cambridge on 2-3 April 2014
Octahedral rhenium K4[Re6S8(CN)6] and Cu(OH)2cluster modifiedTiO2for the phot...Pawan Kumar
tOctahedral hexacyano rhenium K4[Re6S8(CN)6] cluster complexes were grafted onto photoactive Cu(OH)2cluster modified TiO2{Cu(OH)2/TiO2} support. The rhenium and copper cluster modified TiO2photocata-lyst combines the advantages of heterogeneous catalyst (facile recovery, recycling ability of the catalyst)with the reactivity, selectivity of the soluble molecular catalyst. The synthesized heterogeneous cata-lyst was found to be highly efficient photoredox catalyst for the reduction of CO2under visible lightirradiation. Methanol was found to be the major liquid product with the formation of hydrogen as a byproduct as determined with GC-FID and GC-TCD, respectively. The methanol yield after 24 h irradiationwas found to be 149 mol/0.1 g cat. for Re-cluster@Cu(OH)2/TiO2photocatalyst that is much higher than35 mol/0.1 g cat. for Cu(OH)2/TiO2and 75 mol/0.1 g cat. for equimolar rhenium cluster in the presenceof triethanolamine (TEOA) as a sacrificial donor. The quantum yields (MeOH) of Re-cluster@Cu(OH)2/TiO2and Cu(OH)2/TiO2were found to be 0.018 and 0.004 mol einstein−1, respectively. These values are muchhigher than those reported for other heterogeneous catalysts for six electron transfer reaction
Growth and characterization of cd s doped kdp single crystalseSAT Journals
Abstract Pure and CdS added potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) single crystals (a total of six) have been grown by the slow evaporation method at room temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectroscopic and Fourier transform infrared spectral measurements were done to characterize the grown crystals structurally and chemically. Thermal and mechanical stabilities were understood by making respectively the thermogravimetric and microhardness measurements. The optical transmittance and second harmonic generation efficiency were understood by making respectively the UV-Vis-NIR spectral and nonlinear optical measurements. The AC and DC electrical measurements made on all the six grown single crystals indicate a normal dielectric behaviour. The electrical parameters, viz. dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and AC and DC electrical conductivities are found to increase with the increase in temperature in the range (40 – 150oC ) considered in the present study. The estimated AC and DC activation energies are found to vary nonlinearly with the impurity concentration. Keywords: Crystal growth, Doped crystals, KDP crystals, Physical properties, X-ray diffraction.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Presentation given by Dr Hao Liu from University of Nottingham on "CO2 capture from NGCC Flue Gas and Ambient Air Using PEI-Silica Adsorbent" in the Capture Technical Session on Solid Adsorption at the UKCCSRC Biannual Meeting - CCS in the Bigger Picture - held in Cambridge on 2-3 April 2014
Presentation given by Professor Colin Snape from University of Nottingham on "Performance Enhanced Activated Spherical Carbon Adsorbents for CO2 Capture" in the Capture Technical Session on Solid Adsorption at the UKCCSRC Biannual Meeting - CCS in the Bigger Picture - held in Cambridge on 2-3 April 2014
Octahedral rhenium K4[Re6S8(CN)6] and Cu(OH)2cluster modifiedTiO2for the phot...Pawan Kumar
tOctahedral hexacyano rhenium K4[Re6S8(CN)6] cluster complexes were grafted onto photoactive Cu(OH)2cluster modified TiO2{Cu(OH)2/TiO2} support. The rhenium and copper cluster modified TiO2photocata-lyst combines the advantages of heterogeneous catalyst (facile recovery, recycling ability of the catalyst)with the reactivity, selectivity of the soluble molecular catalyst. The synthesized heterogeneous cata-lyst was found to be highly efficient photoredox catalyst for the reduction of CO2under visible lightirradiation. Methanol was found to be the major liquid product with the formation of hydrogen as a byproduct as determined with GC-FID and GC-TCD, respectively. The methanol yield after 24 h irradiationwas found to be 149 mol/0.1 g cat. for Re-cluster@Cu(OH)2/TiO2photocatalyst that is much higher than35 mol/0.1 g cat. for Cu(OH)2/TiO2and 75 mol/0.1 g cat. for equimolar rhenium cluster in the presenceof triethanolamine (TEOA) as a sacrificial donor. The quantum yields (MeOH) of Re-cluster@Cu(OH)2/TiO2and Cu(OH)2/TiO2were found to be 0.018 and 0.004 mol einstein−1, respectively. These values are muchhigher than those reported for other heterogeneous catalysts for six electron transfer reaction
Growth and characterization of cd s doped kdp single crystalseSAT Journals
Abstract Pure and CdS added potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) single crystals (a total of six) have been grown by the slow evaporation method at room temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectroscopic and Fourier transform infrared spectral measurements were done to characterize the grown crystals structurally and chemically. Thermal and mechanical stabilities were understood by making respectively the thermogravimetric and microhardness measurements. The optical transmittance and second harmonic generation efficiency were understood by making respectively the UV-Vis-NIR spectral and nonlinear optical measurements. The AC and DC electrical measurements made on all the six grown single crystals indicate a normal dielectric behaviour. The electrical parameters, viz. dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and AC and DC electrical conductivities are found to increase with the increase in temperature in the range (40 – 150oC ) considered in the present study. The estimated AC and DC activation energies are found to vary nonlinearly with the impurity concentration. Keywords: Crystal growth, Doped crystals, KDP crystals, Physical properties, X-ray diffraction.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
The South West Hub Project: Developing a project in unconventional geologyGlobal CCS Institute
The WA Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP) has been investigating the Lesueur Formation on-shore South West of Western Australia.
The South West Hub project has been acquiring field data between 2011 and 2015 involving 2D and 3D seismic and four wells. The third generation of modelling has just been concluded.
This webinar provided an opportunity to understand how a project goes about establishing confidence in storage based on migration assisted trapping (MAT) in unconfined saline aquifers. The injection reservoir is heterogeneous and over 1,500 m thick with varying permeability layers that should support residual and solubility trapping for primary containment.
To assist the understanding of the challenges faced in characterising this ’unconventional’ play, Dominique Van Gent, the Coordinator of Carbon Strategy in the Department of Mines and Petroleum, and Sandeep Sharma, the Technical Advisor to the project, presented on the findings including:
- Data Acquisition
- Static modelling
- The results of dynamic modelling
- Challenges for the future
Visible light assisted photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using a graphene oxide...Pawan Kumar
A new heteroleptic ruthenium complex containing 2-thiophenyl benzimidazole ligands was synthesized using a microwave technique and was immobilized to graphene oxide via covalent attachment. The synthesized catalyst was used for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation without using a sacrificial agent, which gave 2050 μmol g−1 cat methanol after 24 h of irradiation
Commerce Resources Corp. (TSXv: CCE) announced the completion of a National Instrument 43-101 compliant Mineral Resource update that incorporates drilling results to the end of 2010 for the Upper Fir Tantalum-Niobium Deposit at Blue Rvier, British Columbia. The technical report was prepared by AMEC Americas Limited.
Water-splitting photoelectrodes consisting of heterojunctions of carbon nitri...Pawan Kumar
Quinary and senary non-stoichiometric double perovskites such as Ba2Ca0.66Nb1.34-xFexO6-δ (BCNF) have been utilized for gas sensing, solid oxide fuel cells and thermochemical CO2 reduction. Herein, we examined their potential as narrow bandgap semiconductors for use in solar energy harvesting. A cobalt co-doped BCNF, Ba2Ca0.66Nb0.68Fe0.33Co0.33O6-δ (BCNFCo), exhibited an optical absorption edge at ~ 800 nm, p-type conduction and a distinct photoresponse upto 640 nm while demonstrating high thermochemical stability. A nanocomposite of BCNFCo and g-C3N4 (CN) was prepared via a facile solvent assisted exfoliation/blending approach using dichlorobenzene and glycerol at a moderate temperature. The exfoliation of g-C3N4 followed by wrapping on perovskite established an effective heterojunction between the materials for charge separation. The conjugated 2D sheets of CN enabled better charge migration resulting in increased photoelectrochemical performance. A blend composed of 40 wt% perovskite and CN performed optimally, whilst achieving a photocurrent density as high as 1.5 mA cm-2 for sunlight-driven water-splitting with a Faradaic efficiency as high as ~ 88%.
Spectroscopic and AFM studies of the functionalisation of carbonPhilip R. Davies
Short presentation to the Faraday discussion No. 173 about our studies of functional groups at carbon surfaces. We have selectively derivatised oxygen groups and can unambiguously identify OH and C=O groups. We are also fairly confident about the presence of O-C-O!
Carbon Dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels Course Material.
National Centre for Catalysis Research (NCCR, IIT Madras), considered for the first on-line course the topic of Carbon dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels. NCCR has learnt many such lessons which are necessary for the researchers to understand and also have a complete comprehension of the limitations.
Effective Adsorbents for Establishing Solids Looping as a Next Generation NG PCC Technology, Hao Liu, University of Nottingham - UKCCSRC Strathclyde Biannual 8-9 September 2015
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
The South West Hub Project: Developing a project in unconventional geologyGlobal CCS Institute
The WA Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP) has been investigating the Lesueur Formation on-shore South West of Western Australia.
The South West Hub project has been acquiring field data between 2011 and 2015 involving 2D and 3D seismic and four wells. The third generation of modelling has just been concluded.
This webinar provided an opportunity to understand how a project goes about establishing confidence in storage based on migration assisted trapping (MAT) in unconfined saline aquifers. The injection reservoir is heterogeneous and over 1,500 m thick with varying permeability layers that should support residual and solubility trapping for primary containment.
To assist the understanding of the challenges faced in characterising this ’unconventional’ play, Dominique Van Gent, the Coordinator of Carbon Strategy in the Department of Mines and Petroleum, and Sandeep Sharma, the Technical Advisor to the project, presented on the findings including:
- Data Acquisition
- Static modelling
- The results of dynamic modelling
- Challenges for the future
Visible light assisted photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using a graphene oxide...Pawan Kumar
A new heteroleptic ruthenium complex containing 2-thiophenyl benzimidazole ligands was synthesized using a microwave technique and was immobilized to graphene oxide via covalent attachment. The synthesized catalyst was used for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide under visible light irradiation without using a sacrificial agent, which gave 2050 μmol g−1 cat methanol after 24 h of irradiation
Commerce Resources Corp. (TSXv: CCE) announced the completion of a National Instrument 43-101 compliant Mineral Resource update that incorporates drilling results to the end of 2010 for the Upper Fir Tantalum-Niobium Deposit at Blue Rvier, British Columbia. The technical report was prepared by AMEC Americas Limited.
Water-splitting photoelectrodes consisting of heterojunctions of carbon nitri...Pawan Kumar
Quinary and senary non-stoichiometric double perovskites such as Ba2Ca0.66Nb1.34-xFexO6-δ (BCNF) have been utilized for gas sensing, solid oxide fuel cells and thermochemical CO2 reduction. Herein, we examined their potential as narrow bandgap semiconductors for use in solar energy harvesting. A cobalt co-doped BCNF, Ba2Ca0.66Nb0.68Fe0.33Co0.33O6-δ (BCNFCo), exhibited an optical absorption edge at ~ 800 nm, p-type conduction and a distinct photoresponse upto 640 nm while demonstrating high thermochemical stability. A nanocomposite of BCNFCo and g-C3N4 (CN) was prepared via a facile solvent assisted exfoliation/blending approach using dichlorobenzene and glycerol at a moderate temperature. The exfoliation of g-C3N4 followed by wrapping on perovskite established an effective heterojunction between the materials for charge separation. The conjugated 2D sheets of CN enabled better charge migration resulting in increased photoelectrochemical performance. A blend composed of 40 wt% perovskite and CN performed optimally, whilst achieving a photocurrent density as high as 1.5 mA cm-2 for sunlight-driven water-splitting with a Faradaic efficiency as high as ~ 88%.
Spectroscopic and AFM studies of the functionalisation of carbonPhilip R. Davies
Short presentation to the Faraday discussion No. 173 about our studies of functional groups at carbon surfaces. We have selectively derivatised oxygen groups and can unambiguously identify OH and C=O groups. We are also fairly confident about the presence of O-C-O!
Carbon Dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels Course Material.
National Centre for Catalysis Research (NCCR, IIT Madras), considered for the first on-line course the topic of Carbon dioxide to Chemicals and Fuels. NCCR has learnt many such lessons which are necessary for the researchers to understand and also have a complete comprehension of the limitations.
Effective Adsorbents for Establishing Solids Looping as a Next Generation NG PCC Technology, Hao Liu, University of Nottingham - UKCCSRC Strathclyde Biannual 8-9 September 2015
Presentation at the 42nd HPC User Forum 6-8 Sept 2011. Why do commercial customers need to do simulation, why HPC is important. Presents examples in protein-ligand binding, fuel cells, batteries, sensors
Techno-economic assessment and global sensitivity analysis for biomass-based CO2 capture storage and utilisation (CCSU) technologies - presentation by Maria Botero in the Biomass CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
CCUS in the USA: Activity, Prospects, and Academic Research - plenary presentation given by Alissa Park at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
Webinar: Post-combusion carbon capture - Thermodynamic modellingGlobal CCS Institute
Vladimir Vaysman from WorleyParsons gave a Global CCS Institute webinar on 12 March 2013 to present a generic methodology developed to provide independent verification of the impact on a coal–fired power station of installing and operating a post-combustion capture plant.
Vladimir illustrated the methodology using Loy Yang A power station in Australia in five different scenarios that cover carbon capture, air cooling, coal drying and plant optimisation.
The methodology offers a sound approach to provide performance data and protect technology vendor IP while also providing confidence to the wider CCS community to evaluate a project.
Vladimir is a Project Manager with more than 31 years of engineering experience, including 14 years with WorleyParsons. He has undertaken an array of design and analysis studies and developed significant expertise across a range of technologies, from pulverised coal and circulating fluidised bed, to integrated gasification combined cycle and carbon capture. Vladimir has participated in projects in Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Kazakhstan, Korea, Malaysia, Moldova, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russia and Ukraine.
Collaboration for Innovation: Enriching the Knowledge Pool BIOVIA
This presentation will cover some of the critical scientific challenges in industries such as energy, chemical, automotive, aerospace, microelectronics and consumer packaged goods. Examples in the areas of catalyst optimization, rational formulation designs, failure remediation and more, will illustrate why enriching the knowledge pool is critical to innovation.
Meihong Wang (University of Hull) - Process Intensification for Post-Combustion Carbon Capture using Rotating Packed Bed through Systems Engineering Techniques - UKCCSRC Cranfield Biannual 21-22 April 2015
Emissions through the CCS life-cycle - presentation by Tim Cockerill in the Emissions through the CCS Lifecycle session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
1. Dynamic Validation of
Model for Post-Combustion
Chemical Absorption CO2
Capture Plant
Chet Biliyok
Meihong Wang
School of Engineering, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire
Adekola Lawal
Process Systems Enterprise Ltd, London
Frank Seibert
Separation Research Program, University of Texas at Austin
19th June 2012
2. Outline
• Background
• Motivation
• Process Description
• Model development
• Steady-State Validation
• Dynamic Validation
• Observations & Conclusions
3. Global Warming /
Climate Change “Scientists see climate change link to Australian floods” –
Reuters, Jan 2011
“With high confidence…heat waves in Texas and
Moscow…caused by human induced climate change” –
James E. Hansen, New York Times, May 2012
Source: Shakun et al (2012),”Global warming preceded by increasing
Source: Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature Group - Nov, 2011
carbon dioxide concentrations during the last
deglaciation”, Nature, doi:10.1038/nature10915
4. Challenges
Projected World Marketed Energy Use
• CO2 concentration is currently 394 ppm and is increasing by
2-3 ppm every year.
• Atmospheric CO2 must not exceed 450 ppm to ensure that
temperature rise stays below 2oC.
• IPCC recommends that CO2 emissions be cut by 50% by
2050 compared 1990 levels.
• Emissions from the 50,000 power plants around the world
account for about 25% of global level of CO2.
• Energy demand expected to rise with increasing population
and the emergence of the BRICS countries.
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2010 International Energy Outlook
5. Power Generation
Solutions
IEA’s BLUE Map Scenario
CO2 Capture & Sequestration Systems
• Extensive deployment is
critical: 100 large‐scale CCS
projects are needed by
Source: IEA (2010) Energy Technology Perspectives, Scenarios and Strategies to 2050 2020, and 3400 by 2050.
• Global CCS identified 75
active large-scale integrated
CCS projects in 2012.
Source: IPCC (2005) Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage
6. CO2 Capture
Technologiesa
Post Combustion – Pulverized Coal Oxyfuel Combustion – Pulverized Coal
Pre combustion – Gasification
a Ciferno,
J. P., Litynski, J. L. and Plasynski, S. I. (2010), DOE/NETL Carbon Dioxide
Capture and Storage RD&D Roadmap
7. Outline
• Background
• Motivation
• Process Description
• Model development
• Steady-State Validation
• Dynamic Validation
• Observations & Conclusions
8. Motivations
• Current CCS technologies add up to 80% to the cost of electricity
for a new power plant.
• Energy penalty introduced to power plant reduces output by up to
30%.
• Costs of capture account for nearly 80% of an integrated CCS
project.
• Before CCS commercialization, operational characteristics of
integrated plant need to be fully understood.
• High cost of full scale demonstration plants (about $1 Billion)
makes modelling & simulation a viable option.
• Dynamic validation required to ensure model predicts plant
dynamic response accurately.
9. Outline
• Background
• Motivation
• Process Description
• Model development
• Steady-State Validation
• Dynamic Validation
• Observations & Conclusions
10. Fluor Daniel’s Econamine
Chemical Absorption
Processa
aGlobalCCS Institute (2012), CO2 Capture Technologies – Post Combustion
Capture, Canberra, Australia.
11. Large-Scale Integrated
Post-Combustion Capture
Plants
• Statoil Mongstad, Norway (2012)
• Teneska Trailblazer Project, Texas, US (2014)
• Boundary Dam Station, Saskatchewan, Canada (2014)
• SSE Ferrybridge Station, West Yorkshire UK (2015)
• E.ON ROAD Project, Rotterdam, Netherlands (2015)
• PGE Belchatow Station, Lodz, Poland (2015)
• GETICA Project, Gorj, Romania (2016)
• Bow City Power, Alberta, Canada (2017)
12. Outline
• Background
• Motivation
• Process Description
• Model development
• Steady-State Validation
• Dynamic Validation
• Observations & Conclusions
13. Reactive Absorption
Modelling Approaches a
Rate-based
Approach
Equilibrium-based
Approach
a Kenig, E. Y., Schneider, R. and Górak, A. (2001), "Reactive absorption: Optimal process design
via optimal modelling", Chemical Engineering Science, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 343-350.
15. Model Formulation
• Chemical Equilibrium is defined by ElecNRTL Activity
Coefficient Model in Aspen Properties.
• Maxwell-Stefan Formulation used to determine fluxes across
films.
• Vapour diffusivity calculated by the Fuller method.
• Liquid diffusivity determined by a method provided by
Veersteeg and van Swaaij.
• Onda correlation used to determine the mass transfer
coefficients in the films and the wetted area.
• Heat of Absorption determined via equations derived from
tests at the University of Texas at Austin.
16. Outline
• Background
• Motivation
• Process Description
• Model development
• Steady-State Validation
• Dynamic Validation
• Observations & Conclusions
17. Steady-State Validation
of Capture Plant Model
Two casesa chosen to
represent two Lean MEA
extremes of operation
i.e. High and low
levels of CO2 capture.
Rich MEA
Case L/G ratio CO2 removal (%)
32 6.5 95
47 4.6 69
aDugas,R.E. (2006). Pilot Plant Study of Carbon Dioxide Capture by Aqueous
Monoethanolamine. Master thesis, Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin.
18. Results – standalone and linked columns a
Case 32 Absorber Temperature Profile
Case 32 Absorber Temperature Profile 345
Case 47 Regenerator Temperature Profile
340
350
370
345 335
340 365 330
Pilot plant
Temperature (K)
335 Measurements
Temperature (K)
360 325
Temperature (K)
330 Pilot plant Rate-based Integrated
320 Pilot Plant
model
325
Measurements 355 Measurements
Rate-based 315 Rate-Based Model Rate-based Stand-
320 model alone model
350 310
315 Equilibrium-
310
based model 305
345
305 300
340 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
300
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 -2 0 2 4 6 Height from bottom of packing (m)
8 10
Height from bottom of packing (m) Height from the bottom (m)
Case 32 Regenerator Temperature Profile
Case 32 Regenerator Temperature Profile
400
400
Pilot Plant Measurements
390
390 Rate-Based Integrated
Model
380
Temperature (K)
Rate-Based Stand-alone
380 Model
Temperature (K)
370 Pilot Plant
measurements
370
Rate-Based model
360
360
350
350
340
340 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Height from the bottom of packing (m)
Height from the bottom (m)
a Lawal,A. et al (2010), Dynamic modelling and analysis of post-combustion CO2 chemical
18
absorption process for coal-fired power plants, Fuel, vol. 89, no. 10, pp. 2791-2801.
19. Outline
• Background
• Motivation
• Process Description
• Model development
• Steady-State Validation
• Dynamic Validation
• Observations & Conclusions
20. Dynamic Validation of
CO2 Capture Plant
Model
• First successful attempt
at dynamic validation of
a CO2 Capture model.
• Pilot plant data from the
Separation Research
Program at the
University of Texas at
Austin.
SRP Pilot plant, Univ. Texas at Austin
21. Dynamic Validation
Assumptions
• Cases selected based on the following criteria:
o Significant change in the plant input that would affect CO2 capture
performance.
o Negligible variation in regenerator reboiler temperature.
o Minimal number of additional disturbances in other inputs.
• Moisture content assumed constant and is a function of
the ambient air relative humidity.
• Reboiler temperature reading in the pilot plant used as set
point of temperature controller in reboiler model.
22. Case 1 – Conventional
process a
a Lawal,A. (2010), Study of a Post-Combustion CO2 Capture Plant for Coal-Fired Power Plant through
Modelling and Simulation (PhD thesis), Cranfield University, Bedford.
23. Case 1 - Isolated process
inputs and disturbances
(a) Lean MEA mass flow rate to the absorber
2
1.8
Mass flow rate (kg/s)
1.6
• Slow decrease in 1.4
lean solvent flow 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time (hours)
rate into the 0.24
CO2
(b) CO2 composition in inlet gas to absorber
absorber. 0.22
CO2 mass fraction
• Fluctuating CO2 0.2
0.18
Composition of 0.16
flue gas into the 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
absorber. Time (hours)
(c) Temperature of inlet gas to absorber(K)
335
• Increase in the 330
Temperature (K)
temperature of 325
320
flue gas into the 315
absorber. 310
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time (hours)
24. Case 1 – Plant and model response comparison (a) Temperature at 6.77m above the bottom of absorber packing
350
Temperature (K)
TOP
340
330
320
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time (hours)
(b) Temperature at 4.48m above the bottom of absorber packing
340
Temperature (K)
MIDDLE
330
320
310
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time (hours)
(c) Temperature at 2.19m above the bottom of absorber packing
325 Logged pilot plant
Temperature (K)
BOTTOM
320 measurement
315 Dynamic model
310 predictions
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time (hours)
CO2 (d) CO2 mass fraction in treated gas stream
0.06
Mass fraction
0.04
0.02
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time (hours)
(e) Reboiler heat duty
0.3
Heat Duty (MW)
0.2
0.1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Time (hours)
25. Case 2 – Intercooled
Absorber
Note : All Measurements in metres
Body Flange
9.98 RTD
40710
8.95 RTD
4079
RTD
8.65 3.59
4078
Body Flange
6.34 RTD
4077 0.46
Body Flange
5.15 RTD
4076
4.23 RTD
4075
3.74 RTD
4074
4.27
3.05 RTD
4073
2.65 RTD
4072
Body Flange
1.41 RTD 1.87
4071
Reference
26. Case 2 - Intercooled
Absorber
(a) Intercooled Solvent Return Temperature
322
320
Temperature (K)
318
316
314
312
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Time
• Step decrease in the 0.186
(b)Inlet CO2 Mass Fraction to absorber
intercooled solvent 0.181
Mass Fraction
return temperature 0.176
0.171
• Fluctuating CO2 0.166
composition in the 0 0.5 1
(c)Inlet Lean Amine Temperature
1.5 2 Time
315
flue gas
Temperature (K)
• Falling lean amine 314
inlet temperature
313
• Falling flue gas inlet 0 0.5 1
(d) Inlet Flue Gas Temperature
1.5 2 Time
309
temperature
Temperature (K)
308
307
306
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Time
27. Case 2 – Plant and model response comparison a)Temperature at 8.65m above the reference point
320
RTD4078
Temperature (K)
318
316
314
312
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Time (hrs)
b)Temperature at 6.34m above the reference point
324
322 RTD4077
Temperature (K)
320
318
316
314
312
310
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Time (hrs)
c)Temperature at 5.15m above the reference point
322
RTD4076 Pilot Plant Data
Temperature (K)
320
318 Logs
316 Dynamic Model
314 Predictions
312
Time (hrs)
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
d)Temperature at 2.65m above the reference point
330
328 RTD4072
Temperature (K)
326
324
322
320
318
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Time (hrs)
e) CO2 Mass Fraction of treated gas
0.05
0.04
Mass Fraction
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Time (hrs)
28. Outline
• Background
• Motivation
• Process Description
• Model development
• Steady-State Validation
• Dynamic Validation
• Observations & Conclusions
29. Observations and
Conclusions
• Model prediction for the absorber temperature profile
tracks very well with the pilot plant measurements.
• Model effectively handles a number of process inputs and
disturbances at the same time.
• For the conventional process, model consistently
underestimates treated gas CO2 concentration and
overestimates reboiler duty.
• For the intercooled process, model prediction is very close
but slightly overestimates treated gas CO2 concentration.
• Onda wetted area estimate and chemical equilibrium
assumption are the likely causes of model discrepancy.