This document discusses different types of dentists, including orthodontists who specialize in braces, endodontists who focus on root canals and cracked teeth, oral pathologists who diagnose diseases of the mouth, pediatric dentists dedicated to children's oral health, periodontists treating gum disease and placing implants, prosthodontists restoring and replacing teeth, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons performing facial surgery to correct issues in the head, neck, face and jaws.
We understand the fact that each individual is unique and therefore their dental needs can also vary. Dr Stefan Vaz is seasoned in providing a confident smile on your face which can totally change your facial appearance.
At About Braces, Dr Stefan Vaz believes that in order to give extraordinary dentistry results, good communication with patients is needed before starting their treatment. Whatever our patients visualize, we guarantee them with the same when our orthodontic treatment ends.
Seeking innovative treatments to solve complications of an oral cavity is a recent trend. Many innovations are ready to cope with the patient’s expectations. Schedule an appointment with us today to avail our range of expert services in Jupiter. Mail us at - info@jupiterdentist.com.
Selecting the best institutes for studying the dentistry course also plays an important role in the development of an efficient dentist , dental care and dental science.
We understand the fact that each individual is unique and therefore their dental needs can also vary. Dr Stefan Vaz is seasoned in providing a confident smile on your face which can totally change your facial appearance.
At About Braces, Dr Stefan Vaz believes that in order to give extraordinary dentistry results, good communication with patients is needed before starting their treatment. Whatever our patients visualize, we guarantee them with the same when our orthodontic treatment ends.
Seeking innovative treatments to solve complications of an oral cavity is a recent trend. Many innovations are ready to cope with the patient’s expectations. Schedule an appointment with us today to avail our range of expert services in Jupiter. Mail us at - info@jupiterdentist.com.
Selecting the best institutes for studying the dentistry course also plays an important role in the development of an efficient dentist , dental care and dental science.
Increase Practice Production with Six Month Smilestheaacd
Learn how this short-term ortho solution for your dental practice can help you increase practice production. Plus, save $200 on your Six Month Smiles course.
Dental emergencies caused by injuries to the soft tissues such as the lip, gums, tongue or the intra-oral tissues of the cheeks are common reason for walk-ins to an emergency dentist.There are life-threatening dental emergencies involving uncontrolled intra-oral hemorrhage or rapidly propagating intra-oral infections which risk compromising the airway or becoming systemic or spreading along facial planes, infections that can even potentially breach the blood-brain barrier.
Dental emergency is a broad, umbrella term used to describe an issue involving the teeth and supporting tissues that is of high importance to be fixed/treated by the relevant professional.
Coloured fillings for baby teeth
More than half of children over age six have some degree of tooth decay. When cavities are left untreated, they can lead to pain, infection and even tooth loss. Fortunately, pediatric dentists can fill cavities to prevent them from worsening or causing complications. Modern dentistry has made it possible to fill cavities discreetly using tooth-colored fillings, also known as composites. Children with tooth-colored fillings can retain decayed teeth in a way that is both functionally effective and visually appealing.
For more information, you can book an appointment at
Dr Sachdeva's Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute,
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
• Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
• Our Websites:
• www.sachdevadentalcare.com
• www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
• www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
• www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
• www.facialaestheticsdelhi.com
• Google+ link: https://goo.gl/vqAmvr
• Facebook link: https://goo.gl/tui98A
• Youtube link: https://goo.gl/mk7jfm
• Linkedin link: https://goo.gl/PrPgpB
• Slideshare link : http://goo.gl/0HY6ep
• Twitter Page : https://goo.gl/tohkcI
• Instagram page : https://goo.gl/OOGVig
7 Types of Cosmetic Dentistry Procedures - Wimpole DentalWimpole Dental
Cosmetic Dentistry is generally used for getting ideas on different teeth and gum problems and there solutions. It diagnose, which treatment is good for the patient to get back size, shape, strong and enlighten teeth. Get more information visit here: https://wimpoledental.co.uk/cosmetic-dentistry.php
As owner of an independent dental practice in Albuquerque, New Mexico, Roderick Garcia, DMD, offers comprehensive dental care for patients of all ages. Roderick Garcia, DMD, draws on extensive experience performing root canals in a comfortable and compassionate environment.
If you have missing teeth and want a solution that is as close to your natural teeth as possible, dental implants are the modern day best option for you.
A patient can either replace one molar using a single implant or get a whole set of teeth that’s attached permanently to the jaw. However, there are some cases that only require 4 implants to replace their missing teeth. This kind of arrangement is known as the “all-on-four-bridge”.
Dental implants are surgically placed in the jawbone, where they serve as the roots of missing teeth.
Titanium in the implants fuses with the jawbone, because of which the implants won't slip, make noise or cause bone damage the way fixed bridgework or dentures might.
Osseo-integration is the process by which the implant anchors to the jaw bone. An Osseo-integrated implant takes anywhere from six weeks to six months to anchor and heal, at which point your dentist can complete the procedure by placing a crown, bridge or hybrid denture restoration.
A candidate can be considered ideal for dental implant only if one have good general and oral health. Adequate bone in the jaw is one of the major requirement needed to support the implant, and the best candidates have healthy gum tissues that are free of gingival and periodontal disease.
To book an appointment contact :
Dr.Rajat Sachdeva
MDS MS MBA
Director & Mentor
Dr Sachdeva’s Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
• Our Websites:
• www.sachdevadentalcare.com
• www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
• www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
• www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
• Google+ link: https://goo.gl/vqAmvr
• Facebook link: https://goo.gl/tui98A
• Youtube link: https://goo.gl/mk7jfm
• Linkedin link: https://goo.gl/PrPgpB
• Slideshare link : http://goo.gl/0HY6ep
• Twitter Page : https://goo.gl/tohkcI
• Instagram page : https://goo.gl/OOGVig
• For Dentists : https://goo.gl/6t8DD5
M B Dental is a leading Cosmetic Dentist in Ahmedabad. we work to ensure your treatment outcome will be perfectly matched to both your features and personality. For more information, please visit - http://bit.ly/2DJEM4T
Everyone has to visit a dentist at some point in time. But do you know that dentistry has nine different specialties?
Each specialty deals with a wide array of dental problems.
Orthodontists is a dental specialist who undergoes 3+ years in the field of orthodontics which is a branch of dentistry treat patients with conditions such as crooked teeth which are also called dental malocclusions. An orthodontist will diagnose a case using study models and orthopantomogram which are very essential in deriving the right treatment plan for the patient. The department of orthodontics also includes dentofacial orthopedics involving the study and correction of any abnormalities in the growth phase of the dento facial apparatus.
12 Dental Specialties Which Specialist is BEST for you.pdfAnshuman Jamdade
The modern refined (soft and sticky) sugary diet has not only worsened our oral but systemic health too. The mouth has the second largest and most diverse microbiota after the gut and it became a constant source of inflammation. Tooth decay and gum diseases are one of the most common diseases affecting mankind. Teeth, gums, jaws, salivary glands, and oral-facial structures are interconnected complex members of the same family. Dentistry is not just limited to teeth. As everyone is a dental patient, dentists routinely encounter medical conditions. Many systemic diseases usually manifest in the oral cavity. Furthermore, dental tissues once damaged cannot be regenerated or repaired by themselves. Dentists have to be both doctors as well as engineers. You need special skills and knowledge about dentistry, medicine as well as engineering to manage dento-maxillofacial structure. Oral health is necessary to maintain your overall health and well-being. That’s why, dentistry demands extensive, time-consuming, rigorous training to master its art and science. Dental specialties are developed to improve the art and science of dentistry and the quality of patient care. Many patients are not familiar with dental specialties/specialists. As of this writing, there are twelve dental specialties / dental specialists. It is important for you to know about dental specialties, what they do, and which specialist is BEST for you.
Study Programs in Dentistry
Dentistry, in the field of study, offers both graduate (bachelor’s) and post-graduate (master’s) degree programs. A bachelor’s degree known as a Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) or a Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD), is a four-year study program that provides basic knowledge and practical skills in the field of oral health so that you can apply the same to diagnose and treat the patients of this field in an optimal way, as well as to educate people about preventive measures. Upon completion, graduates are eligible to practice general dentistry.
Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) is a post-graduate degree program in dentistry that take three years to complete. Individuals must have completed BDS to be eligible for the MDS program. MDS is a dental specialization course that focuses on the advanced study of a particular area of dentistry, much like a cardiologist or neurologist. MDS course takes three years to complete and includes coursework, clinical training, and research. Upon completion, post-graduates are eligible to practice as a specialist in their field as well as general dentistry.
In some countries that recognize dental specialties, the specialist is only allowed to practice the specialty and cannot carry out the practice of general dentistry. A general dentist may refer patients (complex cases), and a specialist’s practice is mainly on a referral basis. In some countries, a specialist can conduct general as well as specialty practice.
12 Dental Specialties include:
Oral Medicine and Radiology
Oral Medicine and R
Dentistry Courses in India | Impart Educationimparteducation
Get hands on experience in dental implants,aesthetic dentistry & full mouth rehab with interactive session.To make your career in the field of dentistry.Register Now!
Increase Practice Production with Six Month Smilestheaacd
Learn how this short-term ortho solution for your dental practice can help you increase practice production. Plus, save $200 on your Six Month Smiles course.
Dental emergencies caused by injuries to the soft tissues such as the lip, gums, tongue or the intra-oral tissues of the cheeks are common reason for walk-ins to an emergency dentist.There are life-threatening dental emergencies involving uncontrolled intra-oral hemorrhage or rapidly propagating intra-oral infections which risk compromising the airway or becoming systemic or spreading along facial planes, infections that can even potentially breach the blood-brain barrier.
Dental emergency is a broad, umbrella term used to describe an issue involving the teeth and supporting tissues that is of high importance to be fixed/treated by the relevant professional.
Coloured fillings for baby teeth
More than half of children over age six have some degree of tooth decay. When cavities are left untreated, they can lead to pain, infection and even tooth loss. Fortunately, pediatric dentists can fill cavities to prevent them from worsening or causing complications. Modern dentistry has made it possible to fill cavities discreetly using tooth-colored fillings, also known as composites. Children with tooth-colored fillings can retain decayed teeth in a way that is both functionally effective and visually appealing.
For more information, you can book an appointment at
Dr Sachdeva's Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute,
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
• Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
• Our Websites:
• www.sachdevadentalcare.com
• www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
• www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
• www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
• www.facialaestheticsdelhi.com
• Google+ link: https://goo.gl/vqAmvr
• Facebook link: https://goo.gl/tui98A
• Youtube link: https://goo.gl/mk7jfm
• Linkedin link: https://goo.gl/PrPgpB
• Slideshare link : http://goo.gl/0HY6ep
• Twitter Page : https://goo.gl/tohkcI
• Instagram page : https://goo.gl/OOGVig
7 Types of Cosmetic Dentistry Procedures - Wimpole DentalWimpole Dental
Cosmetic Dentistry is generally used for getting ideas on different teeth and gum problems and there solutions. It diagnose, which treatment is good for the patient to get back size, shape, strong and enlighten teeth. Get more information visit here: https://wimpoledental.co.uk/cosmetic-dentistry.php
As owner of an independent dental practice in Albuquerque, New Mexico, Roderick Garcia, DMD, offers comprehensive dental care for patients of all ages. Roderick Garcia, DMD, draws on extensive experience performing root canals in a comfortable and compassionate environment.
If you have missing teeth and want a solution that is as close to your natural teeth as possible, dental implants are the modern day best option for you.
A patient can either replace one molar using a single implant or get a whole set of teeth that’s attached permanently to the jaw. However, there are some cases that only require 4 implants to replace their missing teeth. This kind of arrangement is known as the “all-on-four-bridge”.
Dental implants are surgically placed in the jawbone, where they serve as the roots of missing teeth.
Titanium in the implants fuses with the jawbone, because of which the implants won't slip, make noise or cause bone damage the way fixed bridgework or dentures might.
Osseo-integration is the process by which the implant anchors to the jaw bone. An Osseo-integrated implant takes anywhere from six weeks to six months to anchor and heal, at which point your dentist can complete the procedure by placing a crown, bridge or hybrid denture restoration.
A candidate can be considered ideal for dental implant only if one have good general and oral health. Adequate bone in the jaw is one of the major requirement needed to support the implant, and the best candidates have healthy gum tissues that are free of gingival and periodontal disease.
To book an appointment contact :
Dr.Rajat Sachdeva
MDS MS MBA
Director & Mentor
Dr Sachdeva’s Dental Aesthetic And Implant Institute
I 101, Ashok Vihar Phase 1, Delhi- 110052
Contact us at
Phone : +919818894041,01142464041
• Our Websites:
• www.sachdevadentalcare.com
• www.dentalimplantindia.co.in
• www.dentalclinicindelhi.com
• www.dentalcoursesdelhi.com
• Google+ link: https://goo.gl/vqAmvr
• Facebook link: https://goo.gl/tui98A
• Youtube link: https://goo.gl/mk7jfm
• Linkedin link: https://goo.gl/PrPgpB
• Slideshare link : http://goo.gl/0HY6ep
• Twitter Page : https://goo.gl/tohkcI
• Instagram page : https://goo.gl/OOGVig
• For Dentists : https://goo.gl/6t8DD5
M B Dental is a leading Cosmetic Dentist in Ahmedabad. we work to ensure your treatment outcome will be perfectly matched to both your features and personality. For more information, please visit - http://bit.ly/2DJEM4T
Everyone has to visit a dentist at some point in time. But do you know that dentistry has nine different specialties?
Each specialty deals with a wide array of dental problems.
Orthodontists is a dental specialist who undergoes 3+ years in the field of orthodontics which is a branch of dentistry treat patients with conditions such as crooked teeth which are also called dental malocclusions. An orthodontist will diagnose a case using study models and orthopantomogram which are very essential in deriving the right treatment plan for the patient. The department of orthodontics also includes dentofacial orthopedics involving the study and correction of any abnormalities in the growth phase of the dento facial apparatus.
12 Dental Specialties Which Specialist is BEST for you.pdfAnshuman Jamdade
The modern refined (soft and sticky) sugary diet has not only worsened our oral but systemic health too. The mouth has the second largest and most diverse microbiota after the gut and it became a constant source of inflammation. Tooth decay and gum diseases are one of the most common diseases affecting mankind. Teeth, gums, jaws, salivary glands, and oral-facial structures are interconnected complex members of the same family. Dentistry is not just limited to teeth. As everyone is a dental patient, dentists routinely encounter medical conditions. Many systemic diseases usually manifest in the oral cavity. Furthermore, dental tissues once damaged cannot be regenerated or repaired by themselves. Dentists have to be both doctors as well as engineers. You need special skills and knowledge about dentistry, medicine as well as engineering to manage dento-maxillofacial structure. Oral health is necessary to maintain your overall health and well-being. That’s why, dentistry demands extensive, time-consuming, rigorous training to master its art and science. Dental specialties are developed to improve the art and science of dentistry and the quality of patient care. Many patients are not familiar with dental specialties/specialists. As of this writing, there are twelve dental specialties / dental specialists. It is important for you to know about dental specialties, what they do, and which specialist is BEST for you.
Study Programs in Dentistry
Dentistry, in the field of study, offers both graduate (bachelor’s) and post-graduate (master’s) degree programs. A bachelor’s degree known as a Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) or a Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD), is a four-year study program that provides basic knowledge and practical skills in the field of oral health so that you can apply the same to diagnose and treat the patients of this field in an optimal way, as well as to educate people about preventive measures. Upon completion, graduates are eligible to practice general dentistry.
Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) is a post-graduate degree program in dentistry that take three years to complete. Individuals must have completed BDS to be eligible for the MDS program. MDS is a dental specialization course that focuses on the advanced study of a particular area of dentistry, much like a cardiologist or neurologist. MDS course takes three years to complete and includes coursework, clinical training, and research. Upon completion, post-graduates are eligible to practice as a specialist in their field as well as general dentistry.
In some countries that recognize dental specialties, the specialist is only allowed to practice the specialty and cannot carry out the practice of general dentistry. A general dentist may refer patients (complex cases), and a specialist’s practice is mainly on a referral basis. In some countries, a specialist can conduct general as well as specialty practice.
12 Dental Specialties include:
Oral Medicine and Radiology
Oral Medicine and R
Dentistry Courses in India | Impart Educationimparteducation
Get hands on experience in dental implants,aesthetic dentistry & full mouth rehab with interactive session.To make your career in the field of dentistry.Register Now!
The Basics of Dentistry covers essential information on oral health, dental procedures, and common dental problems. This Presentation provides a comprehensive overview of dentistry, including the importance of preventive care, dental hygiene practices, and treatment options for various dental issues. Whether you're a dental professional or someone seeking to improve your oral health, this Presentation offers a valuable resource on the fundamentals of dentistry.
What Are The Common Pedodontics Procedures .pdfmittali2002
Choosing a Pedodontics Dentist
Selecting the right pediatric dentist for your child is a crucial decision. Here are some factors to consider when making this choice:
1. Pediatric Specialty
Ensure that the dentist is a pediatric specialist, meaning they have undergone additional training specifically focused on the unique needs of children.
2. Child-Friendly Environment
A welcoming and child-friendly dental office can make a significant difference in how your child perceives dental visits. Look for an office with a warm atmosphere, colorful décor, and staff experienced in working with children.
Dental disease burden and treatment needs among adolescentsChukwudi Ofurum
Adolescents are exposed to varied level of dental and oral health diseases.
This is commonly a factor linked with poor oral health and dental hygiene practices.
Presented herein is a review of dental disease burden and analysis of treatment options and preferences among adolescents.
Restore Your Missing Teeth_ Solutions for Missing Teeth Due to Agenesis.pptxPrinceview Dental Group
Missing teeth can have a significant impact on your daily life, making it difficult to chew certain foods and speak clearly. These gaps can also affect your confidence and self-esteem when smiling. Additionally, missing teeth can cause surrounding teeth to shift, potentially leading to further oral health problems.
dental services in hospitals, types of dental services importance of dental services and challenges of dental services and flowchart of process of dental services
The dental clinic in delhi & gurgaon is headed by Dr.Sunil Khosla, who is a leading orthodontist
with 27years of clinical experience. Dr. Khosla believes in “creating healthy smiles at any age”
Dr.Khosla’s dental team has qualified professional dental surgeons who have completed advanced education.
Dental Assistants
Our highly trained dental assitants in dental clinics are ready to ensure you have a pleasant dental experience.
The good news is, there’s the verification of a stamped support in fearlessness not long after early orthodontic treatment in kids by Orthodontic Preston professionals.
Pediatric and a periodontal dental treatment - deccan multispecialitydeccanmultispecialit
We Offers excellent services for pediatric & periodental dentists in Pune. We established ourselves as one of the leading dentists for child dental care.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
6. Oral Pathologists
• An oral pathologist is a dental professional
who specializes in the diagnosis of serious
dental and facial cavity diseases. This dentist
determines if the tissue is possibly cancerous
or infectious.
6 6
8. Pediatric Dentists
• Are dedicated to the oral, heath of children
from infancy to teen years. The qualify to care
for child’s mouth, gum, and teeth throughout
these years.
8 8
10. Periodontics Dentist
• This dentist specializes in the prevention of
diagnosis and treatment of periodontal
disease and in the placement of dental
implants and oral inflammation.
10 10
12. Prosthodontists Dentist
• They are experts in the restoration in
replacements of teeth-they make smiles look
beautiful and function the way they should.
12 12
14. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon
• It is a surgery to correct a wide spectrum of
diseases, injuries and defects in the head,
neck face, jaws, and the hard and soft tissues
of the oral and maxillofacial region.
14 14