Critical Metadata: Re-examining Data Transformation, Devon Murphy
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VRA 2021 Session: Re-imagining digital collections metadata: improving workflows and supporting user experience
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Critical Metadata: Re-examining Data Transformation, Devon Murphy
- 1. Critical Metadata: Re-examining Data Transformation Devon Murphy, TARO Metadata Analyst, University of Texas at Austin devon.murphy@austin.utexas.edu March 23rd, 2021
- 2. OUTLINE OpenRefine Introduction OpenRefine W orkflow Introduction to Data Validation Fuzzy Matching Thank You! Problematizing Data Transformation Critcat Best Practices Limitations
- 4. OPENREFINE ...a Java-based power tool that allows you to load data, understand it, clean it up, reconcile it, and augment it with data coming from the web. -https://github.com/OpenRefine/OpenRefine “ ”
- 5. OPENREFINE View of OpenRefine server
- 6. OPENREFINE View of OpenRefine in browser with text transform menu open
- 7. OPENREFINE “Completeness: Checking to see what elements/properties/attributes are present (and how much of it is missing!) Accuracy: Information is correct and factual (to the best of our abilities) Conformance to expectations: Information adheres to our expectations Consistency: Values are consistent within our domain, elements are represented in a consistent manner” -Gretchen Gueguen, Digital Public Library of America
- 9. DATA VALIDATION A two-step definition for Data Validation: “An activity aimed at verifying whether the value of a data item comes from the given (finite or infinite) set of acceptable values.” -UNECE 2013 Glossary of terms on statistical data editing “Data validation could be operationally defined as a process which ensures the correspondence of the final (published) data with a number of quality characteristics.” -Simon A., (2013a) Definition of validation levels and other related concepts v01307. Working document
- 10. DATA VALIDATION Two paths to Data Validation: Manually check terms against sources (use when no existing reconciliation service/no URIs and no. of content is small) Use reconciliation services to check terms against sources (use when services available, especially helpful with large no. of content!)
- 11. DATA VALIDATION OpenRefine project Using Recon Service API (GET, POST) Name Authorities with URIs Retrieve terms and URIs
- 12. View of original Art and Architecture terms View of validated Art and Architecture terms DATA VALIDATION Source: Texas Archival Resources Online (TARO) project, as part of current work duties
- 14. FUZZY MATCHING University of Texas. Glee Club University of Texas. Glee Clubs University of Texas Glee Club The University of Texas. Glee Club The University of Texas. glee club University of Texas--glee clubs University of Texas. Glee Club
- 15. FUZZY MATCHING View of clustering menu in OpenRefine, demonstrating fuzzy matching
- 17. Screenshot of Library of Congress subject headings for Nuu-Chah-Nulth people and related topics.
- 18. Screenshot of Getty AAT record for Nuu-Chah-Nulth, with sources used to make the record highlighted
- 19. OpenRefine project Using Recon Service API (GET, POST) Name Authorities with URIs Retrieve terms and URIs PROBLEMATIZING DATA TRANSFORMATION Where did this information come from? Are there pieces missing? Who may not know this is here? Is this record truly a 1:1 relationship? Should all of this information be shared?
- 21. No one size fits all.
- 22. It’s all about ... Relationships Img source: Lea L on Unsplash
- 23. ...it is insufficient to care only for the object, which is the material expression of a people’s way of life. Instead, the knowledge itself, including the means of its making, must be treated with respect...including the establishment of fair and just reciprocal relationships between the holding institutions and the Indigenous peoples who created the original expressions. -Littletree, Belarde-Lewis, and Duarte (2020), p. 416 “ ”
- 24. Indian Arts Research Center. 2019. Guidelines for Collaboration (website). Facilitated by Landis Smith, Cynthia Chavez Lamar, and Brian Vallo. Santa Fe, NM: School for Advanced Research
- 25. A REVISED WORKFLOW Metadata project Name authorities with URIs Retrieve terms and URIs Use reconciliation services Community stakeholders/resources Consult communities/resources Employ protocols for info Img sources: spreadsheet by Yuri Mazursky from the Noun Project; Community by Adrien Coquet from the Noun Project Share results
- 26. Limitations
- 27. Not all information can be shared in our collections systems Not all knowledge systems/ways of knowing can be ethically represented in our collections systems Sometimes collaboration is not possible (and as such, we should not forge ahead with related projects without it) Sometimes, resources do not yet exist Even so, it is all still worthwhile work :) Img source: Photo of Tataviam land (Vasquez Rocks) by author, 2020.
- 28. Thank you!
- 29. THANK YOU The following list contains resources on the tools I have used, literature on reconciliation services, and critical cataloging. Open Refine https://openrefine.org/ https://github.com/OpenRefine/OpenRefine https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/obtain/getty_vocabularies_openrefine_tutorial.pdf https://guides.library.illinois.edu/openrefine/gettingstarted https://librarycarpentry.org/lc-open-refine/aio.html https://mnylc.org/fellows/2017/03/17/using-openrefine-to-reconcile-name-entities/ https://github.com/OpenRefine/OpenRefine/wiki/Clustering-In-Depth Reconciliation Services http://refine.codefork.com/reconcile/viafproxy/LC https://github.com/cmharlow/lc-reconcile/tree/5739c08f0e20f51a3a9a27637b1ec13869709002 https://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabularies/obtain/openrefine.html https://www.howtogeek.com/343877/what-is-an-api/ https://github.com/cmharlow/c4lMDCpres/blob/master/slides/OpenRefineReconSlides.pdf Critical Cataloging Changes to Library of Congress Subject Headings Related to Indigenous Peoples Archives for Black Lives in Philadelphia Anti-Racist Description Resources Writing About Slavery? This Might Help. P. Gabrielle Forman, et al. Homosaurus Disability Language Style Guide
- 30. THANK YOU The following list contains resources on the tools I have used, literature on reconciliation services, and critical cataloging. Critical Cataloging cont. First Nations, Metis, and Inuit Ontology Change the Subject Documentary Referencing Indigenous Knowledge in non-Indigenous sources "The Right to Know": Decolonizing Native American Archives Decentering Whiteness in Design History Resources Citing Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers from UBC Centering Relationality: A Conceptual Model to Advance Indigenous Knowledge Organization Practices ‘Of course, data can never fully represent reality’: Assessing the Relationship between Indigenous Data and IK, TEK, and TK Local Contexts Traditional Knowledge Labels Knowledge Organization from an Indigenous Perspective: The Mashantucket Pequot Thesaurus of American Indian Terminology Project Chicano Studies Collection thesaurus and The Chicano Database: Re-imagining Data Management as (Un)disciplinarity Continuing Education workshops, hosted by Maskwacis Cultural College United States Indigenous Data Sovereignty Network Land Acknowledgement Info Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, EBCI Story Maps Project Absentee Shawnee , Shawnee Tribe, and Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma Miami Tribe of Oklahoma, Myaamia Center Peoria Tribe of Oklahoma Yuchi Tribe -- assimilated into many different tribal groups