2. Definition
Psychological terms
It is a stressor which focus an
individual to respond and to adopt in same way
B T Basanthappa 2007
An internal disturbances result
from stressful event or a perceived threat to self
precipitatory events
3. Crisis is a subjective experience in which old
ways of closing things no longer assure success
and arrival
A crisis situation is the result of persons
perception and emotional response to a loss or
threat of loss of self esteem from events
It is a state of disequilibrium resulting from the
interaction of an event with the individuals or
family coping mechanism
4. CRISIS PRONENESS
Dissatisfaction in life may be with employment
or lack of employment
History of unresolved crisis
History of Substance abuses
Lack of Support system.
severe family disorders
5. Perceived loss
Difficulty in coping with everyday situation
Poor Self-esteem unworthiness,
A loofness lack of loved ones for showing
Concern, emotional isolation
under utilization of resources & Supportive
system
6. Characteristics Of Crisis
Individual totally involved, get hurt of all heightened
feeling of stress.
Disorganization OF
Biological Cognitive
Behavior Emotional Experience
indicating unpleasant emotional feeling
unable to interpret and perceive the Circumstances of
crisis environment
7. Crisis are personal by nature
crisis are acute, will be solved by one/ another
with in a brief period
universal experiences
It is self limiting lasts for 4-6 weeks
Individual is most open for intervention
8. Developmental phases of crisis
In 1964 caplan described 4 specific phases
through which individual progress into crisis in
response to a participating stressor
9. Phase one
exposed to stressor ………………….. Anxiety
Use effective technique to solve problem . Situational
support is provided………………………………
problem will be solved
Coping mechanism activated
10. Phase two
When coping mechanism are
ineffective…………………………………
produce anxiety discomfort
helplessness
Decrease the ability to overcome the situation
of crisis
Confusion
Personal disorganization
11. Phase Three
individuals try to use the problem
solving skill but it tends to get failed in this phase
so further disorganization take places
Phase Four
There will be a profound
physiological and psychological problems
Therefore individual might have severe to panic
level anxiety. Referral to the appropriate treatment
measures are essentials
12. Signs and Symptoms
Anxiety .. Individual feels heavy burden of anxiety
Depression
Anger
Guilt
Neglect responsibilities even daily care
Irrational and blame others
13. Process of crisis(Resolution of crisis)
Depend upon 3factors
Realistic appraisal of the participating events ie
recognition of the relationship between event
and feeling of anxiety is necessary for effective
problem solving to occur
Availability of supporting system
Availability of coping measures over a lifetime
14. Pseudo- resolution
in this the individual uses
repression and pushes out of consciousness
the incident and the intense emotions
associated with it . Resulting in the individual
functioning at the same earlier level. But in
the future if and when a crisis occurs the
repressed feeling may surface and influence
the feeling aroused by the new crisis. In such
situation the particular crisis may be more
difficult to resolve.
15. Unsuccessful resolution
in this the victim use
the pathological adaptation at any phase Of crisis
resulting in a lower level of functioning. The victim
rather than accepting loss and reorganizing his life
keeps ruminating over the loss
16. Successful resolution
In this the victim will go
through varies phases of crisis but reaches phase
III where various coping measures are utilized to
resolve the crisis . The individual develops better
problem solving ability.
17. Principle of crisis intervention
Motivate the client to express the feelings
Listen for fact and feelings
Guide the individuals in confronting reality
Allow the patient to clarify the doubts
Use a specific and concise statements during
conversation
