Creative Writing Handbook - Mastering all Genres

HOLY GRAIL
OF WRITING
J Jericho

The Free School Press
© J. Jericho. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
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Publishers’ exposure draft edition: November 2020.
Holy Grail of Writing?/J. Jericho
ISBN-13 Forthcoming
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iii
Acronyms
AAP Australian Associated Press
AARP American Association of Retired Persons
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
CARES Act Coronavirus Aid Relief Economic Security Act (2020)
COVID19 Coronavirus Disease 2019
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
EdD Doctor of Education
MD Doctor of Medicine
MB BCh Bachelor of Medicine Bachelor of Surgery
NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement
PhD Doctor of Philosophy
US United States
Appendices
Publishers p. 133
ISBN p. 147
Author p. 149
Forthcoming p. 150
Book review p. 151
Glossary p. 153
Index p. 154

iv
Prologue p. 1
Premise p. 2
Purposes p. 9
Part I p. 12
Playbook p. 13
Part II p. 18
Creatives p. 19
Control p. 26
Part III p. 35
Grail p. 36
Grails p. 39
Part IV p. 45
Genres p. 46
Rants (48), Recognitions (50), Recollections (54), Records (55), Regulations (57), Releases
(59), Religious (61), Reports (63), Reporters (65), Research (67), Résumés (69), Reviews
(72), Rhymes (75), Roles (77), Romances (79), Rubrics (81), Recitals (83).
Part V p. 90
Spelling p. 92
Scripts p. 101
Styles p. 105
Solo p. 111
Champions p. 115
Circulation p. 118
Part VI p. 126
Conclusion p. 127

Prologue Publishers’ edition © Jericho 1
PROLOGUE
?

2 Holy Grail of Writing
PREMISE
The first thing that I ask my understudies at our initial meeting is
this – What exactly do you want to get from your writing?
For most, this simple question is too difficult.
LUKE APPLEBEE
Pseudonym
Bestselling fiction novelist
Bestsellers, ethics, fiction, freelance, ghostwriter, inspiration, manuscript, novelists, paper
print format, publishing, social media, writing objectives.
KEY TERMS

Premise
Every once in a blue moon, we may be lucky to engage a person who shares a simple,
memorable idea that guides us positively for life. A June afternoon in Sydney, Australia
2008 is a stellar exemplar of such rare encounters.
“Got the day off from work today have ya?” I said to our building’s newest
resident with a warm smile in the underground garbage depot. It was the first time that
we had crossed paths within speaking distance since he moved in a few weeks prior.
I rarely accost unknown people for casual banter nowadays. Maybe it’s me, but I
often receive a subtle frown, silence, a stony-faced vague reply, or a combination thereof.
“Nah, buddy” the stranger replied with a more generous grin. “I work-from-home
and write best sellers” he said.
It was refreshing to receive a positive energy reply, even a showoff one like this. I
could tell from his instant mega smile that this neighbor is a people lover – an extrovert.
Mister mid-40s in flannelette pajamas proudly produced a check out of his shabby
once white bathrobe pocket and flashed it before my face. “I just got this $25,000 advance
today from my publisher for my next bestseller” he boasted shamelessly.
A modest man I thought. I intuitively liked him less than I did five seconds prior.
“Cool” I replied. “What sort of books do you write?” I asked as we walked in synch
towards the elevator.
“Detective crime stories and that sorta stuff” he said.
“I admire fiction book writers” I replied earnestly as we entered the elevator. Must
be a lot harder than just writing short academic articles like I do” I said.
“Academic hey”, he said, eyebrows raised as he made intimate eye-to-eye
contact for the first time. “I’m studying English Lit at Sydney and would love to pick
your brains for ideas sometime soon” he said.
“Yeh, let’s meet up over drinks and swap notes” I said.
“Definitely. How about the Bank Bar?” he answered.
“Great choice” I said as my neighbor fumbled his keys in apartment 501’s keyhole.
“How about today after lunch at 3?” he asked.
“Sure, see you in the garden bar at three” I said as I walked towards my door, 506.

Best sellers my ass, I thought as I Googled his name within moments of entering my
loft. My 34 years on Earth had taught me a long list of handy near-universal life lessons.
The biggest boasters are usually lying losers was one of those philosophies.
The new Dymo label on his mailbox reads ‘L. Applebee’. It just occurred to me
that we had not exchanged names and I didn’t memorize the payee name on the check.
That might not help. I recalled that it seemed to be payable to his private company.
My natural researcher instincts kicked in. I Googled “L Applebee fiction novel
bestseller crime detective thrillers” and tried my luck. Applebee is a somewhat
uncommon surname. There’s a half chance he will come up with this search string if
he’s legit, I thought.
To my cynical surprise, Luke Applebee was a best-selling crime fiction writer. An
extract of his 2007 novel was available on Google Scholar. A second listed Google
response for my seasoned pro inquiry. Damn I’m getting too good at this Google query
stuff I smugly joked with myself – yet again.
I clicked the link, half expecting to find no proof that the author of Cincinnati
Clown Killer was the curly haired ginger dude from 501. Wrong again. His memorable
freckly face showcased clear as day on the inside cover. Smiley as a comic.
Bantam Books Publishing. Not bad, buddy I thought as I proceeded to read the
opening chapter online.
Not exactly my cup of tea for this great genre, my favorite, I surmised. A bit
forced and formulaic. Having read and loved everything penned by the late Jack
Higgins and all fiction book covers that credit ‘Jeffrey Archer’ as author had probably
set this amateur critic’s benchmark a bit on the high side – to put it mildly.
For sure, it’s better than any fiction novel that I could probably ever write I
thought as I polished off the all-important teaser chapter. Our three o’clock catchup
over beverages was keenly anticipated.
I would later learn that Cincinnati was the only book that this neighbor received
credit for writing. Nonetheless, I was mighty impressed. To this day I believe his
immodest use of the plural noun bestsellers in our basement by the dumpster.

Proudly clock conscious me arrived at the Bank Bar, a block from home, at 2:55. A little
early, just in case I got distracted along the way and had to make up lost time. Habitual
punctuality is paramount. Respecting other people’s time says a lot about character.
I like this Applebee dude I thought as I saw his ginger locks bounce up the stairs,
wearing his semi-permanent sunshine face, arriving at 3:02. We’re off to a good start.
As I found out that afternoon, Luke was married with two kids. His family lived
around the corner. He rented the studio, 501, as his office with a mattress on the floor.
I frequently forget how naïve I am with so many common knowledge topics that
my friends take for granted. I gave myself away when I asked Luke “What’s a
ghostwriter?” the moment after he described his writing career this way.
“It means that I get paid to write books and others get the credit on the cover”
Luke said.
“That sounds like fraud”, I replied without pause, shooting from the hip.
“Well, not really” Luke argued, showing no signs of being offended. He
explained that ghostwriting is the industry norm, especially at the big end of town.
Like reunited best buddies, we chatted for two hours. Six empty Budweiser cans
and no awkward silences were suggestive of good friendship chemistry potential.
“And most wannabe authors don’t know exactly what they want to achieve from
their writing” Luke casually added to our chat an hour after we hooked up. Bingo!
“I also freelance as a consultant for publishers and wealthy individuals who
fancy themselves as future novelists” Luke said. He explained that most corporations
assume that his workshops will automatically improve their workers’ writing skills.
“Does it pay good?”, I asked enthusiastically to show that I was a keen audience.
“It does, but I rarely do it nowadays and try to avoid it” Luke said.
“Why’s that?” I asked.
Luke explained that most people he tutors can’t answer the elementary question that he
feels must be answered at the start of the initial meeting to progress further.
“The first thing that I ask my understudies at our initial meeting is this – What
exactly do you want to get from your writing?” Luke said.

“I tell them that I will come back when they can answer that question in a
sentence or two, and they can bill me from that point” Luke said. He claimed that most
of these clients never contacted him again after the fruitless inaugural meeting.
“Really?” I responded enthusiastically like a prodigy, sponging from the master.
“Sure” Luke said. “For most, this simple question is too difficult.”
“That seems crazy” I replied incredulously.
Luke informed me that he knew exactly what he wanted from his writing and that’s
why he succeeds according to his own standards.
“I just want two things from my writing career” Luke said. The primary thing
that he wanted was to earn a decent living so that he could support his wife and kids.
The second outcome he desired was to work from his studio office, in his pajamas, out
of the way from office gossip, petty office politics and incessant distractions.
“And you’re getting this right now?” I asked.
“Absolutely” Luke said.
As intrigued as a cat with a bowl of wool, I rattled off a barrage of overlapping mono-
themed questions. I received near-identical responses every time, sometimes verbatim.
“How would you feel if some imposter won the Nobel Prize for Literature for
your work?” I queried. I was sure I would score a knockout punch with that one.
“So long as I got paid for the work, I don’t give a crap” Luke replied poker pout
style.
“What if a phony author earned a bigger fortune than you get paid for writing
their books, based on the celebrity status they gained from your books?” I asked.
“So long as I got paid well for writing them, I’m happy” Luke said.
I sensed that Luke was gloating internally from the self-reinforcement gained from this
line of interrogation. His expressionless face and auto-parrot retorts mirrored more
confidence and self-reassurance than his trademark puppy-face grins.
“That’s deceptive and unethical” I said in defeat. I was sure that I wouldn’t
offend Luke with my mildly irate sincerity as we were getting on famously.

Pushing the issue of ghostwriting ethics to the side, Luke’s simple message about
clearly identifying our writing objectives deeply inspired this author since we met over
beers twelve years ago. This mono-focused principle fiercely energizes this writer to
sustain his momentum after he publishes each new modest manuscript.
Half of my open-access writings attract just a handful of shares and likes on Twitter and
Facebook. Sometimes this observation makes me feel downbeat for a few seconds at
most. Whenever this happens, I instantly think of Luke’s wisdom.
I do not write and share this content to receive validation from social media cyborgs.
Traditional paper print format is the market that I am working towards. There is no
desperate sense of urgency to realize this objective. I am patiently building a brand that
cares little for Facebook, Twitter, and the likes, and their meaningless thumbs up stats.
May this book likewise provide you with a source of inspiration to soldier on through
the many trials and tribulations that we face in the world of authorship excellence.

1. How many words do you count in this verbatim quotation from this chapter?
The primary thing that he wanted was to earn a decent living so that he could
support his wife and kids. The second outcome he desired was to work from his
studio office, in his pajamas, out of the way from office gossip, petty office politics
and incessant distractions. (p. 6)
2. What objective/s, if any, do you currently aim to achieve from your writing?
Write these goals down. Date your notes and store them in a safe place such as
your diary. You may scribe these in any format such as sentences or bullet points.
To sharpen your focus, try to limit your notes to 150 words or less.
You may review these ideas as you progress through this book and thereafter.
Further reading
Dawn, H. (2019), Using dreams for inspiration to write,
www.authormagazine.org/articles/2019-04-dawn
Kruse, K. (2015), 365 best inspirational quotes, California: CreateSpace Independent
Publishing Platform,
www.e4thai.com/e4e/images/pdf2/365bestinspirationalquotes.pdf
END OF SECTION ACTIVITIES

PURPOSES
Efforts and courage are not enough without purpose and direction.
JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY
Arch career objective, career purposes, description, exposition, narrative, persuasion,
purposes.
KEY TERMS

Most texts pursue one of four purposes. These are: narrative, description, persuasion,
end exposition. These general categories are not always mutually exclusive in writing
contexts. These objectives are taught in elementary Creative Writing 101 type courses.
I urge readers to not confuse the authorship goals of professionals such as Luke Applebee
with the objectives that a writer may pursue from each composition. These objectives may
align partially, always, or never. In most cases, these objectives are not identical.
Most career writers create a body of text for specific purposes. Text includes work such
as novels and poems. Career purposes include factors such as earning income and
building a brand that opens doors in other fields such as teaching and consulting.
A Welsh-speaking religious minister may write a series of high-quality free handbooks
about Welsh grammar during their leisure time. Their writing career objective and the
pursuit of each handbook is expository. Their sole objective aims to preserve the Welsh
language. Their writing career and books exclusively pursue instructional goals.
Many career fiction novelists pursue renumeration that pays them a living wage or higher
as their primary or sole objective. Their adapted fiction works pursue narrative writing
as a tool to arouse their readers’ imaginations. Their art creates a commercial market.

Prepare a written answer of at least 100 words for each question.
1. Discuss a theoretical or real-life example where an author’s arch career objective
mostly or exclusively overlaps with the core purpose of their writing portfolio.
2. Discuss a theoretical or real-life example where an author’s arch career objective
contains zero to negligible overlap with the core purpose of their writing portfolio.
3. Discuss a real-life example where a textual composition pursues multiple
objectives, i.e., two or more of: narrative, description, persuasion, end exposition.
Are these objectives intertwined, separately identifiable in distinct parts of the
written composition, or a combination of these two? Identify these parts.
Further reading
Bazerman, C. (2010), Analyzing the author’s purpose and technique (Chapter 7),
https://writing.colostate.edu/textbooks/informedwriter/
Radcliffe, B. (2012), ‘Narrative as a springboard for expository and persuasive writing:
James Moffett revisited’, Voices from the Middle, 19(3), pp. 18–24.
https://secure.ncte.org/library/NCTEFiles/Resources/Journals/VM/0193-
mar2012/VM0193Narrative.pdf

PART I

Part I Publishers’ edition © Jericho 13
PLAYBOOK
We don’t see things as they are, we see them as we are.
ANAIS NIN
Control, core goal, core goals, creatives, grail, grails, holy grail, writers’ workshops,
writing genres.
KEY TERMS

This book is for and about amazing you. It contains three main parts beyond this section.
The next, ‘Creatives’ and ‘Control’ explores each notion separately. Part three examines
the all-important G-forces: Grail and Grails. Discussions in this chapter underpin the
thematic title and core pursuit of this book – aiding writers to identify and tightly define
the core goal or goals that they desire to realize from their textual quests and conquests.
Part four explores 17 popular writing genres and provides an original example of each.
Four of these illustrations are first-time attempts by this writer to compose a script in a
foreign discipline that is outside his comfort zone and areas of interest. May these modest,
raw offerings embolden you to likewise experiment at becoming a complete writer.
The penultimate chapter, Part five, explores six topics that may aid writers to answer the
holy grail writer’s question, as defined by this author. These topics in order are: Spelling,
scripts, styles, solo writing, champions (i.e., role models) and circulation.
This book does not aim to teach readers how to develop most technical skills required of
competent writers. Open-access and commercial literature available on these topics are
mature. Engaging these topics are best served by a medley of resources such as
handbooks, video presentations, college curricula and years of dedicated writing practice.

The concluding part of most sections and each chapter is titled ‘Further reading’. These
parts offer one or two open-access resources that explore material discussed in that
section/chapter in further detail. The principal pursuit of this book aims to help you to
identify the core goal/s that may motivate you to be the best writer possible in your
chosen fields. There is a dearth of literature that unravels this all-important journey.
This book is suitable for informal educational settings and structured teaching
environments. It may support writers of all skill levels who thrive from learning solo, in
groups or a mixture thereof. It may also guide Creative Writing Professors who teach
applied education courses at all levels – from certificate to Graduate-level coursework.
The exercises at the end of each section seek to reinforce this text’s applied writing focus.
This book is about abandoning handicaps that hold writers back such as fear and
procrastination. ‘But I just need to learn a little more theory before I start writing’ may
fall into this realm. Many elite writers are self-taught prodigies who put pen to paper.
I urge readers to collate a portfolio of writing that is partially derived from this text’s
discussions and end of section/chapter exercises. This material may offer you a vehicle
to reflect on your progress over the years and showcase your terrific talents to others.

Chapter case study
Gotham Writer’s Workshop is a famous creative writing school based in New York City.
Gotham is an example of a hands-on scholastic institution that offers practical, short
courses taught exclusively by industry insiders who possess publications portfolios.
Budding writers may accelerate their skills economically by engaging such applied short
courses. In-depth diploma conferring courses usually take a year or longer to complete.
The advertisement above lists genres that typically require a visible degree of original
creativity from writers. The topic ‘creatives’ is the central theme of the next chapter.

1. Many writing coaches claim that authors tend to produce their best work when
they write about topics that they know the most about.
To what extent do you agree with this statement?
Provide a written answer of circa 200-500 words.
Cite evidence to defend your opinion.
2. What writer workshops are offered in proximity to where you live/work? How
did you locate these facilities? Does your public library offer such courses?
Reference
Time Out (2011), Write of spring (Gotham writers’ workshop),
www.timeout.com/newyork/things-to-do/write-of-spring
Further reading
Magalas, L., & Ryan, T. (2016), ‘A new rendition of an old classic: The young writers
[sic] program as a writing workshop’, International Journal of Progressive Education, 12(2),
pp. 7–22. https://ijpe.penpublishing.net/files/2/manuscript/manuscript_1/ijpe-1-
manuscript-224339.pdf
END OF CHAPTER ACTIVITIES

PART II

Part II Publishers’ edition © Jericho 19
CREATIVES
Creativity takes courage.
HENRY MATISSE
Aesthetic, applied art, art, artistic creativity, creative, creative writing, creativity, fine art,
high art, hobby, objective, originality, professions, signature-style, subjective.
KEY TERMS

“I’m a writer”. Have you met a person who introduced themself this way?
Most of us probably have. Who is a writer? Who isn’t a writer? This chapter argues that
this is a fiercely contested question set. The notion of creativity is central to this enigma.
Many of us may automatically conjure up idyllic images of popular commercial novelists
and syndicated columnists when we meet a person who introduces themself with these
sexy words – “I’m a writer”. This description arguably conveys positive connotations.
These may include notions such as creative, original, clever, and desirable. We can only
sustain a living as a writer if we have an audience that engages our material.
Please take a moment to read the paragraph above again. It is probably not a controversial
piece of text for most readers. What assumptions do you see in this short paragraph?
Adjectives may be the best guide to answer such questions. These may include:
● Idyllic ● Creative ● Clever ● Engaging
● Sexy ● Original ● Desirable ● Positivity
These bullet points are merely a suggested starting point. They may aid you to further
develop your understanding of who and what is creative. Please expand, abbreviate, and
weight this offering as you see fit. This book is all about fabulous you.

For most, ‘originality’ is a, or the core benchmark used to assess whether a piece of work
is creative. If I merely transcribe a printed version of a Shakespearean Sonnet onto a piece
of paper, I have achieved zero literary originality. I may achieve a degree of visual art
originality if I do so by using a type of calligraphy that is signature-style.
The realization of creative originality merely means that a person has constructed
something new that can be detected by at least one of the five senses. This may include a
fragrance (smell), poem (sight), fabric texture (touch), recipe (taste) and song (sound).
Fiction books, screenplays, theatre scripts and poetry are classic examples of creative
writing. Some argue that people who author original technical manuals are not creative
writers. They may display evidence of skilled authorship, but they are not creative writers,
i.e. they are not artists. Please freely form your own opinion on this contested standpoint.
Art
In the minds of some, the notion of ‘artistic creativity’ is an extension of ‘creativity’.
Devising an original diet is a science. It is not art per se. ‘Art’, by definition, is aesthetic. It
is visually pleasing to some people. It is a subjective concept. Objective is the opposite of
subjective. The famous formula E=MC2 is an example of an objective formula. It is factual,
universal, and informative. Most who cite this formula do not seek to arouse audiences.

The classification of any matter as ‘art’ is subjective. Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968) is
credited as the inventor of Readymade Art. His public display of a porcelain urinal in
1917 supposedly belongs to this category. This category of installation art may illustrate
the ways in which millions of mundane human-made objects portray subtle beauty by
design, due to factors such as their unique shape, universal symmetry, and texture.
It is generally accepted that most original literature falls within the realm of art.
Shakespeare’s signature-style enriching prose is widely classified as art.
Sometimes there is scope for authors to pursue colorful creative writing ventures in fields
not associated with the arts. Finance commentators such as Gerald Celente use satire and
parody to convey key matters of fact. Savvy audiences may root out such content and
take it seriously. Such styles mostly exist on the fringe in business-oriented professions.
A popular art classification is the distinction between fine art and applied (i.e. decorative)
art. The prime/core goal of fine art seeks to display aesthetic beauty. The latter cited
classification serves a functional purpose. Silkscreen printers who design bedding
patterns may create fine art and applied art. If the creation is intended for display in a
museum, this falls in the realm of fine art. This creation is classifiable as decorative art if
the design aims primarily to lull a person into a comfortable deep sleep.

Traditionally, the four non-textual classes of fine art include music, sculpture, painting,
and architecture. Poetry is the only textual art form that belongs to this exclusive club.
The degree of excellence of literary fine art is contestable. Some respected literature critics
consider Shakespearean poetry to be inferior, as his message is apparently not clear to
the majority. This is because they are encrypted in language not used by the masses.
Other critics laud the brilliance of Shakespeare’s poems because of this subjective factor.
Hobbies
What is art and what is ‘merely’ a hobby? Like most things, it may depend who you ask.
Note my deliberate use and emphasis of the adjective ‘merely’. Distinguishing the
difference between these sometimes overlapping, contested terms may guide writers to
focus on this author’s holy grail question – identifying a writer’s core objective/s.
Some authors claim that understanding the difference between so-called ‘hobby writers’
and ‘professional writers’ is a useful way to understand the skills required to be taken
seriously as a masterful author. Others argue that this distinction is the defining factor.

Hobby writers typically harbor no intention to publish their work in commercial domains
on a grand scale. They may pursue their private interest at a leisurely pace. As such, they
do not possess an immediate desire to develop their skillset to the level required of a full
-time professional writers such as corporate journalists. Those who write a ‘Dear Diary’
private journal may fall in this category. There is no need to impress an external audience
with their mastery of advanced spelling, grammar, structure, and argumentative prose.
Professional writers tend to display the opposite traits. They may pursue one or more
recognized paid professions such as screenwriters. They are expected to display elite
command over spelling, grammar, text structure and other features to succeed as career
operatives in broad genres or niche fields, such as romantic poetry authored in Latin.
This distinction is not watertight. Some casual Dear Diary writers harbor expectations
that a commercial market may exist for their interesting memoirs that deliberately uses
colloquial English and phonetic text message type spelling. Many professional writers do
not charge for their publications. Some renowned religious scholars who publish free
theological research are professional writers whose work has no commercial aspiration.

Provide a written answer of circa 300 to 500 words for each question set.
1. Do most creative writers tend to boycott or minimalize the use of bullet points?
Is this tendency more common in certain professions or publication types?
What evidence, if any, do you draw from to support your conclusion?
2. Concerning these traits that may aid us to identify bona fide writers:
● Idyllic ● Creative ● Clever ● Engaging
● Sexy ● Original ● Desirable ● Positivity
Do you accept the validity of this list shown above? What traits would you add to
and/or subtract from this offering? Does the weight of these factors vary by
context, such as the medium (e.g. poetry versus video documentary scripts) and the
intended audience? Can you identify other influential context factors?
3. Do you surmise that none, some, most or all types of writing are artistic?
Please justify your choice by citing rationale and relevant examples.
This question contains a premise – that you will select one of four options: none,
some, most or all. You may select another option beyond these choices. Arguing
that there is no data available to aid your analysis is an example of another option.

CONTROL
Control yourself or someone else will control you.
ANONYMOUS
Context, control, copyright, creative control, editors, external publication, fluid control,
full control, niche publications, partial control, peer review, plagiarism, proofreader, self-
publish, social media, traditional professions, zero control.
KEY TERMS

Creative control – the mother of all artistry goals? Maybe, baby.
Realizing this objective may be just as difficult as identifying the core outcome/s that you
aim to gain from your writing. For many, creative control is their grail goal. Period.
Most people instinctively understand the meaning of the word ‘control’. This word
maybe used as a verb or adjective, depending on context. She lost control of her bicycle
handlebars and landed in a ditch. This is a straightforward sentence to understand.
English language thesauruses such as Philip Lief (2013) offer words such as “jurisdiction,
management, oversight, regulation, restraint, restriction, rule, supervision” as close
synonym substitutes. “Weakness” and “powerlessness” are close substitute antonyms.
In the writing context, notions of ‘creative control’ generally refers to the degree to which
an author can govern each aspect of each writing project, from cradle to grave, or their
career at-large. Broadly speaking there are three levels of control: zero, partial and full.
Zero creative control, which is almost unheard of, technically exists in the art world.
Certain big screen thespians are labelled as ‘powerless puppets’ among famous film
critics. According to the legend, these people sold their soul for big bucks. They are happy

to do exactly as instructed before the camera by film directors and their manager. Their
acting contract is cancelled if they are unwilling or unable to perform as required in front
of the camera. This level of nano-control extends to instructions about how the film star
may dress, behave, and speak in public domains such as television interviews.
This level of extreme control is difficult to translate into the world or writing. A person
who merely jots down words dictated to them verbally, verbatim, is not a writer. They
may be working in a different capacity such as a notetaking scribe or dictation typist.
Full creative control in the authorship context refers to 100% authority over the
production, marketing, distribution, and all other aspects of written work. This scenario
is relatively rare at the big end of town, i.e., mainstream commercial content published
by corporate multinationals such as Random House and Fox News. Competing interests
of numerous parties need to be balanced. These may include major shareholders, senior
executives, government regulating agencies, media consumers, and content creators.
According to historical narratives, English writer Virginia Woolf self-published much of
her authorships during the first half of the last century. Virginia and her husband
Leonard Woolf owned Hogarth Press. The minimum number of parties who may have
exerted control over Woolf’s work published by Hogarth Press was one – her husband.

Authors who self-publish on open-access blogsites and social media are a common
example of writers who may exert exclusive control over their work. Censorship is rare
in jurisdictions such as America which protects free speech. Certain critics classify much
of this work as ‘rants’. They argue that editorial peer review and external publication acts
as gatekeepers. Those who do not volunteer for this process, and those rejected by it,
rarely produce high art. The same mindset may apply in other art domains such as oil
painting. Any person can mount their painting on their sitting room wall. It is a different
experience to have your work displayed by a top private art gallery or a state museum.
Partial creative control is the norm for writers who sell or license their work to an
independent publisher. Certain influential elite persons who are adept at pleasing their
audiences, such as editors and consumers, may exert a high degree of creative control
over their work. Most of their publications may be near-identical to the draft submitted
to their editor. A proofreader may only correct spelling typos and grammar errors.
At the other extreme, publisher control over a manuscript may exist at all levels
throughout the production and distribution process. In 2015, this writer authored a
healthcare research methods handbook and an accompanying study guide for a major
global university as a freelance author. Per the employment contract, this university
exerted full control over all aspects of this project. This included factors such as chapter
submission deadlines, content, book price, copyright ownership, and distribution chains.

To this writer’s surprise, he was afforded a high degree of creative control over his choice
of applied healthcare examples. Only one offering was questioned among 60 illustrations.
He suspects that this university was desperate to distribute this customized book prior
to the commencement of the forthcoming semester. This case study shows how
influential publishers may be less inclined to micro-manage urgent production schedules.
The nature and degree of creative control imposed by publishers on writers, and vice
versa, may vary by other contexts. Some novelists do not care how much of their work is
adapted by editors, so long the book’s author blurb showcases their photograph, full
name, and a relevant prior publication. This position may change over time as the author
builds their brand. Some seasoned authors may refuse to rent their name to any publisher
who alters their draft manuscript by more than circa 5%. Fluid control scenarios may be
the defining factor that keeps your writing flame alight as the decades pass.
Readers who create original work that has high artistic merit and/or commercial
prospects should carefully consider copyrighting their work with a recognized authority
prior to disseminating their writings in the public domain or among private audiences.
Plagiarism and other types of intellectual property theft are common. Two open-access
copyright guides are listed in this section’s references. Copyrighting your work is fast,
simple, and affordable. In America, this protocol requires you to upload a digital PDF file
online with the Copyright Office. You pay the fee of circa USD50 during this process.

Chapter summary
Mastery of some writing fields is near-impossible to realize from armchair study. An
apprenticeship may be necessary for niche publications such as industry trade journals.
Creative writing in traditional professions is relatively rare. The concept ‘creativity’
shares a positive association with the notion of ‘control’. Professional bodies and other
political power structures exert strong influence over the professions. They rarely
relinquish such authority to those who seek to exist in arty domains such as poetry.
Creative control is an issue that novice authors should carefully consider during their
writing career. In the eyes of the masses, maybe the majority, the degree to which you
exert creative control over your craft defines your standing in your fields of endeavor.
The following chapter set ‘Grail’ and ‘Grails’ extends discussion about creativity and
control by placing key issues in the context of the arch objective of this book. For many
authors, the desire to maintain authority over their creative writing art is the crux
objective that motivates them to constantly fine-tune their portfolio of accomplishments.

Chapter case study
Some editors use Microsoft Word’s New Comment feature to communicate manuscript
changes to their writers. This digital intervention is a switch from the last century when
most edits were communicated via a red pen or equivalent on the original paper copy.
This image below is a fictitious though realistic example of an editor’s intervention.
In the digital age, knowing how to interpret editor’s comments in computerized
documents is a must have skill for some jobs. Most elite PDF reader software provides an
editor’s comments function. It is important to distinguish an editor’s: instruction,
suggestion, and research point. The illustration above contains an example of each.

Provide a written answer of circa 300 to 500 words for each question set.
1. Can you name a renowned artist/writer who publicly claims that they exert
exclusive or near-exclusive creative control over their work and/or public
identity? Conduct an online search if you cannot name one or more persons via
memory recall.
 Over what aspects of their work/identity do they claim to exert high control?
 To what extent do you believe this claim? Why do you draw this conclusion?
 Has the nature and/or degree of this control varied over the course of their career?
 What source/s did you consult to answer the question above?
2. What degree of importance do you place on your ability to exert exclusive or near-
exclusive control over your public persona and future publications?
Reflecting on your ability to earn lucrative financial rewards may be a constructive
way to shape your answer. For example, consider how much of your identity
and/or creative control you would relinquish if it earned you millions of dollars.

References
Copyright, US Government (2020), More information on fair use,
www.copyright.gov/fair-use/more-info.html
Heyes, D. (2016), The Hogarth Press,
www.bl.uk/20th-century-literature/articles/the-hogarth-press
Indeed (2020), Remote freelance news writers,
www.indeed.com/jobs?q=Freelance%20writer%20work%20from%20home&l&advn=34
73922891769407&vjk=08952a3cbeeab185
Philip Lief Group (2013), Control,
www.thesaurus.com/browse/control?s=t
Further reading
Picon, A. (2016), ‘From authorship to ownership: A historical perspective’, Architectural
Design, 86(5), 36–41.
www.academia.edu/download/63201766/From_Authorship_to_Ownership20200505-
55657-17i2a1g.pdf
Rodriguez, M., & Mills, C. (2020). How to negotiate with publishers and keep your copyright,
https://opencommons.uconn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1056&context=libr_pres

Part III Publishers’ edition © Jericho 35
PART III

GRAIL
The Holy Grail is to spend less time making
the picture than it takes people to look at it.
BANKSY
Accolades, arch endeavor/s, artistic integrity, fame, goals, holy grail, metaphor,
pyramidic structures, rank, writer’s holy grail.
KEY TERMS

According to Arthurian Legend, the holy grail is a cup such as a goblet. This sacred
object may bestow magical powers. These gifts may maximize apex level prosperity on
recipients. Examples are everlasting wisdom, professional success, health, and happiness.
In broader contexts, references to the holy grail may be a metaphor for an elusive quest
that is pure fantasy or achievable by a select few. Notions of the holy grail may vary by
context. Romance and professional careers are examples. Typically, the holy grail is a
singular arch conquest for each setting. Marrying your ‘soulmate’ as your first spouse
and staying happily married until your synchronized deaths may be the holy grail of
romance fiction and real life. Synthesizing a medicine that cures all diseases may be the
holy grail of the medical world. Some people believe that Alchemy is fact not fiction.
This book’s title uses the holy grail metaphor to entice readers beyond its cover. The
Premise chapter is this author’s first public attempt at adapted fiction writing. The
essence of this story is about genuine encounter between this writer and a fiction novelist.
All details about this fiction writer have been modified to respect his/her privacy.
Luke’s gift to this writer was the identification of the holy grail of professional writing.
Perhaps Luke’s story, as interpreted by this writer, resonates with others. May you freely
decide if you believe a writer’s holy grail exists, and if so, identify your arch endeavor/s.

There is no expectation that readers will agree with the notion of a writer’s holy grail. The
diagram below, and discussion underneath, may lead you to determine or reaffirm
whether this concept aids you to focus on the goal or goals that you pursue as a writer.
Jill Shill
Rank 1: Money (50% weight)
Rank 1: Fame (50% weight)
The diagram above, left, shows that Jack aims to be the best sports book writer in all
languages in a narrow niche. He believes that his books are so good that they will
eventually be translated into dozens of major languages. Like many, Jill Shill universally
rejects all pyramidic structures that place a ‘Mother of All’ something at the top and rank
her subordinates below. Her pursuit focuses exclusively and equally on becoming rich
and famous from selling copyright lyrics to pop singers. She does not care whether her
work achieves accolades based on artistic integrity. She has focus. Good luck to her.

GRAILS
Chaos: It has no plural.
CARLOS FLUENTES
Brand, combinations, financial rewards, freelance writer, holy grails, intended audiences,
negotiate, over-planning, permutations, self-satisfaction, work-from-home writers.
KEY TERMS

This writer emphasizes the singular ‘the holy grail’ and its plural – ‘the holy grails’.
Creating a separate sub-section for each concept is the main way that I highlight this all-
important difference. Her cat befriended two cats. The plural distinction is this simple.
The two examples in the prior chapter – Jack Slack and Jill Shill are not mutually
exhaustive examples of how writers may chase the notion of a holy grail. Billions of
permutations and combinations may exist beyond this Jack and Jill simple illustration.
An exhaustive list of reasons that motivates all writers, living and deceased, is probably
longer than the famous Route 66. Some authors may write to share knowledge, encourage
positive social change, or impress their parents by becoming a published author.
Some experienced authors don’t believe in a holy grail concept. They may deliberately
chase no specific objective. Many artists publicly make claims such as ‘my work just
comes to me naturally – I don’t think about it or plan it’. They may believe that over-
thinking and over-planning creative projects is an oxymoron – the antithesis of creativity.
Furthermore, they may feel that pursuing no contrived purpose is the major factor that
causes them to enjoy creating art. Che sarà, sarà as the famous Italian saying goes.

Writers may pursue various holy grail objectives over time. Jill Shill’s arch objective may
be two-fold. She plans to write religious poetry books, sold by top publishers for a dollar
or so per copy after she achieves fortune and fame. She is convinced that few elite printers
will reject her proposals. It will be their privilege to associate with her brilliant brand.
Core objectives may vary by project. An Assistant Professor may publish journal articles
only to maximize citations, as required for promotion. He also publishes commercial self-
help books to maximize his income and expand his public profile in the broader public
domain. Income is the core objective in this context. Recognition is the subordinate.
Rizzon (2020)

Chapter summary
This chapter probably identifies the most common objectives that motivates most authors
who are serious about developing their craft to its full potential. These include financial
rewards, fame, self-satisfaction, and recognition of artistic credibility among peers.
Not all writers afford equal weight to their objectives. Authors like Jack Slack write
partially because they enjoy the process. For Jack, there is also an expectation that he will
pursue a career that forces him to leave home during the day so that he is out of the way
of his stay-at-home partner. This objective refers to “Pass the time” (p. 38).
May this chapter provide you with a template to sharpen your arch writing objectives. In
the wise words of Luke Applebee, “For most, this simple question is too difficult.”
The following chapter is this book’s feast. It aims to decrypt this ‘simple question’ enigma
by shifting from writing theory to authorship practice. It explores 17 popular writing
genres such as rhymes and research. An original illustration example is offered for each.

Chapter case study
This job description is from an advertisement for a remote freelance writer. Such work-
-from-home jobs are becoming increasingly common in the post COVID19 world.
I invite readers to reflect on remote writing opportunities as they read the remainder of
this book. Recall Luke Applebee’ story. His holy grail quest aims to work-from-home in
his pajamas. He may now exist in a fiercely competitive so-called ‘new normal’ world.

Provide a written answer of circa 300 to 500 words for each numbered question set.
1. What is your main objective/s that you aim to pursue from your future writings?
Do they vary by contexts such as the intended audiences and the passing of time?
2. What ideas in this chapter, if any, do you reject? Please justify your reasoning.
3. Is it possible for an author to earn acclaim as an elite writer if they rarely or never
negotiate editorial changes imposed by their publishers? Cite evidence to support
your view. Consider at least two different scenarios to defend your opinion.
4. Have you researched the pay rates earned by novice and intermediate work-from-
home writers? Reflect on authoring roles that align with your core objective/s.
Reference
Indeed (2020), Remote freelance news writers (Alternative Press Magazine),
www.indeed.com/q-Freelance-Magazine-Writer-
jobs.html?advn=3473922891769407&vjk=08952a3cbeeab185
Rizzon, N. (2020), Décor object, https://unsplash.com/photos/sW5kSwaZyfU
Further reading
Bachel, B. (2016), What do you really want? (Chapter One), Free Spirit Publishing.
www.freespirit.com/files/original/What-Do-You-Really-Want-update-preview-1.pdf
* This reading is suitable for all ages.

Part IV Publishers’ edition © Jericho 45
PART IV

GENRES
I don’t think writers choose the genre; the genre chooses us.
PHYLLIS DOROTHY JAMES
Genres: Rants, recitals, recognitions, recollections, records, regulations, releases,
religious, reports, reporters, research, résumés, reviews, rhymes, roles, romances, rubrics.
Other key terms: Abstract, academic, executive summary, fiction, non-fiction, letters to
the editor, open-access, professions, playwrights, public relations, synopsis, theatre.
KEY TERMS

Hip, hip hooray. A break from theory. This chapter is about the writer’s coal face.
This part provides an illustration for 17 widely recognized writing genres. These types
are: Rants, recognitions, recollections, records, regulations, releases, religious, reports,
reporters, research, résumés, reviews, rhymes, roles, romances, rubrics, and recitals.
Discussions in this chapter about non-fiction genres such as reports cite principles, events
and data that are factual. Any errors of fact in these sections are accidental. Mea culpa.
Résumés, role plays, releases, and romances are the only sections that purposefully
contain fictional data. Résumés is a non-fiction genre in most professional contexts. Some
professional résumé writers deliberately ‘spice-up’ covering letters and curriculum vitae
documents to maximize employment offers. This section creates a fabricated résumé for
one purpose – to avoid violating the privacy of any real person of the past or present.
I invite readers to reflect on this list of 17 genres as they read this chapter. A favorite or
essential genre may be missing from this list. Please select the closest match in this section
and mentally adapt this discussion to your unique needs. There is no creation of a
‘recitals’ copy in this chapter. This author has close to zero knowledge of this great genre.

Rants
For the purposes of this section, the word ‘rant’ refers to any written publication that is
opinionated. Views are not supported by serious analysis that cites relevant facts and
other authorities. Peer-reviewed theses authored by Graduate Degree qualified scholars
is an example of writings that are recognized in academic domains and beyond.
Letters to the editor about public policy and controversial social issues may be examples
of rants, as defined above. Many newspaper editors only publish miniature opinion
pieces in certain sections of their newspaper. Articles of less than 175 words, or about ten
sentences or less are commonplace. The brevity of the word limit imposed does not
permit contributors to engage in-depth with evidence and logic to argue their point.
This opinion piece overleaf was penned by this writer in July 2020. I urge readers to
evaluate aspects beyond spelling, grammar and writing style. For example, to what
degree, if any, do you agree with the opinions put forward by this writer to the Times?
What factor/s cause you to draw this conclusion?
The references section of this chapter contains a web link to the submission guidelines of
The New York Times. This link relates to the Letters to the Editor section.

The New York Times July 11, 2020
Dean Baquet
Executive Editor
Dear Dean,
As a lifelong ardent supporter of The Times, it disappoints me that your paper persistently
dumbs down journalistic comment by deploying disingenuous bipolar political ideology
to frame debates. Your writers frequently define public policies as conservative or liberal.
Defining voters as supporters of the left or the right is the norm in your publication.
Our nation and world are far more complex than these false dichotomies. Around a
quarter of Americans are major party swinging voters. Around five percent vote for
alternatives such as Libertarian and Green candidates. The replication of false binaries in
the mainstream media is a prime factor that creates division in our nation and beyond.
It disappoints me that an ever-growing number of Americans are starting to associate
mainstream newspapers with the noun ‘fake news’. The Times is the public record of
America’s social, cultural, political, and economic history. Please show more respect to
the richness of our great nation by explicitly engaging with multiple modernity realities.
Sincerely,
Miss Di Virc
Body content: 161 words

Recognitions
The lives and accomplishments of individuals and entities can be acknowledged and
celebrated in public domains in several ways. Pan American World Airways (Pan Am) is
an example of a famed institution that no longer exists since 1991. RIP Pan Am.
Obituaries and eulogies are popular written formats that celebrate the lives of people who
have passed. The 407 words article overleaf titled ‘Motown chic’ is a tribute to the late
Nina Simone. The word ‘tribute’ may convey a less morbid connotation than alternatives
such as In Memoriam. Public tributes may honor the living and those who have passed.
1. Identify a person or collective who has been overlooked for a lifetime honor such
as admission into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame or the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Write a tribute of circa 400 to 800 words that argues for their deserved inclusion in
an honor hall of fame. Explicitly identify at least one unique achievement that
distinguishes this person’s contribution to their field as exemplary or original.

Motown chic
Nina Simone’s brazen biography begs a prickly question that muso critics galore
ponder decades after her death. How can music historians rate the standing of top
selling ‘artists’ who forge their name belting out covers and first edition numbers
composed by others? A divisive debate indeed.
Artists who have shifted millions of units singing other’s tunes are a penny a pound.
Britney, Elton, and Celine are household name members of this lucrative clique.
Some of Simon’s trademark tunes are from bygone eras. I Put A Spell on You (1965)
was composed by Jay Hawkins a decade prior. Nina’s immortal interpretation of
Feeling Good released in 1965 boasts her ability to own a tune that few realize was
originally sung by another artist. Cy Grant’s debut version is excruciatingly cheesy.
Simone is credited as the original singer of the classic Don’t Let Me Be Misunderstood
(1965) penned by Benjamin, Cauldwell & Marcus. Covers by acts such as The Animals
and Elvis Costello are generally regarded as interpretations of Simone’s stellar vocals.

Nina’s iconic fame may stem from her image, intellect, and intimacy. Few Motown
mommas’ wardrobes are worthy of comparison to the trend-setting Jackson 5 posse.
Simone is a lifelong member of this super-elite club. Her bouffant afros, chic head
scarves, glam accessories and low-cut crocheted frocks epitomize feminine images of
Motown’s magnificent heyday.
Nina’s candid, camera-loving interviews showcase a deep-thinking, smarty arty soul.
She openly criticizes social injustices such as racism, sexism and classism and fear-
based self-censorship. ‘Me’, ‘myself’ and ‘I’ feature prominently in some rants that
may relegate her high art as secondary.
Nina’s ability to command the undivided attention of savvy close-up crowds in
swanky piano bars may crystallize her musical legacy. Her velvety, baritone vocals
are unmistakably signature-style. Simone’s analog originals are worthy of
Smithsonian archival.
Nina’s tormented incarnation may ultimately define her narrative. Showbusiness in
her prime was a treacherous cesspit for self-made wannabes from the hood. Being a
single black female was a handicap that she triumphed with legendary grace.

According to folklore, Simone confronted a music executive at gunpoint and
demanded payment of a stack of swindled royalties. To be a fly on the wall. What did
the Queen of Gorgeous lip to this married white daddy?
Perhaps this sanguine songbird borrowed again from Bessie’s depression days ditty.
“I need a little sugar in my bowl” © Williams et al. (1931).
Best performance: Mississippi Goddam at Carnegie Hall – composed by Simone.
Body count: 407 words

Recollections
Autobiographies are a popular non-fiction genre. Detailed memoirs that are published as
novel lengths books are an example. Some celebrities share their life story, or notable
extracts thereof in shorter formats such as feature articles published by newspapers. The
paragraphs below commence the opening page of a private chronicle of this this author’s
life in England from 1996 to 1999. Details in this brief account are exclusively factual.
Latter Day Londinium, by J. Jericho
Most narratives about young Aussie working holidaymakers who move to London are
as original as origami. This author’s day-to-day life as an antipodean resident worker
based in London during the mid-late 1990s fits firmly in this realm. The insights of
outsiders living in Britain during this period is a different kettle of fish and chips.
This diary offers a fresh way to spin a tired old traveler’s tale. The passing of two decades,
and then some, makes clear to historians that a renaissance of British culture, ‘cool
Britannica’, occurred on a global scale during the mid-late 1990s. The installation of Blair,
Britain’s youngest Prime Minister since 1812, was one catalyst that drove a major shift in
Britain’s national psyche. Princess Diana died less than four months after Blair was sworn
into office. Marker 1997 is a watershed annos singulos in Britain’s 20th Century history.

Records
In the literary context, a ‘record’ refers to textual content that captures historical facts.
Every act that occurs on this planet is a part of history. An event that transpired merely
minutes ago is a part of recent history.
Broadly speaking, authors of historical records tend to create a piece of written work that
is either factual and dry or rich in description if intended for entertainment. The former
format may chronicle facts in summary or detailed form. The latter tends to offer
analytical insight. It may support discussion with personalized opinionated commentary.
Medical examination reports are an example of factual, dry material that is written in a
professional context. Art history books that explore famous painters’ lives and their
creations in cultural context are an example of written material that tends to use rich
descriptions. Art lovers tend to be avid readers who demand intellectual stimulation.
There are numerous examples of written records that employ factually dry and enriched
analysis styles. Many novel style biographies open with a scene setting chapter that
merely summarizes the facts. Later chapters employ rich analysis techniques such as the
creation of suspense. The chapter extracts overleaf aim to illustrate this binary formula.

Prelude
Extract:
None of the seven tributes to Jane and John Doe in the Weddings Notices section
of The Montana Mercury on January 10, 2016 were identified as worthy of citation by any
journalist prior to 2020. “Congratulations Jane and John on your wedding – Love you
both – Mom and Dad” was as non-descript as five other messages to the Does in that
column. The other contribution read “All my love to John Doe – Poppy Anonymous”.
Chapter 1: Montana Moguls
Extract:
Prior to 2020, Jane’s and John’s steady as she goes marriage was barely
distinguishable from millions of Americans of current and bygone eras. Boy meets girl in
high school. Boy falls in love with girl. Boy takes princess to the prom. They marry three
years later. The Does move to picket fence suburbia. Jane gives birth to a son a year later.
But will they live happily ever after? On July 7, 2020 John Doe discovered that he
was adopted at birth by a couple not related to his bloodline. As confirmed by DNA
testing, his grandmother was the late Jill Bates, founder of Fellow-Rocks business empire.
For many, maybe most, discovering that you had become a billionaire baron
overnight is a high blessing. Maybe not for Jane. According to her publicist, appointed
yesterday, Montanan farm girl Jane Doe is a strictly private gal who shuns the limelight.

Regulations
In the context of this chapter, ‘regulations’ refers to documents that administer or
narratively explain laws and rules that are enforceable by authorities such as committees
and governments. A sports club’s constitution is an example of a text document that is
overseen by a committee. Congress, parliaments, and equivalents are the only bodies who
have authority to enact laws such as legislation and statutory executive orders. With rare
exception, legislation is authored by attorneys or part-qualified paralegals.
Many thousands of people who author text content are employed as specialists who write
regulatory publications. In contrast to genres such as reports, there is usually far less
scope for these ‘writers’ to boast creative literary flair when they author regulations. This
opinion is contestable. The legal profession boasts its own jargon that few outsiders
understand. There is no template that dictates exactly what or how attorneys must write.
Scholars, journalists, and others who analyze legal text in their own words in public
spaces invariably enjoy more creative scope than writers who pen official documents. The
text overleaf is an abstract that aims to support the body of a journal article that is not yet
written. This abstract is a bona fide attempt at scholarship. The slant is analytically critical
as opposed to pedestrian narrative. Self-reflexive discussion explicitly personalizes the
colorful opinions as belonging to the writer as opposed to an impersonal entity.

Abstract
‘Damned if you do, damned if you don’t’ is a tired old clique that regains fresh
currency when one reviews criticism published by mainstream news of the
Coronavirus Aid Relief Economic Security Act (CARES) Act enacted by America’s
Congress on March 26, 2020. Around half of these detractors argue that the
financial provisions of this act are ridiculously wasteful and far too generous.
Most of the remainder who ridicule this act state that this so-called stimulus
package offers too little, too late to stave off an imminent recession or worse.
The Direct Payments handouts component attracts the most criticism from both
sides of the spectrum. One the one hand, one side protests that payments of $1200
for singles and $2400 for marrieds are not means-tested. In less subtle terms, they
are a taxpayer-funded tooth fairy gift for cashed up Americans who aren’t under
financial stress. On the other hand, the opposing side argue that these payments
are pitiful and insulting. Around half of couples living in America rent. Average
monthly rental in capital cities is circa $1600 per family residence. This one-off
payment barely covers a month’s rent and the cost of basic staples like food.
This paper uses qualitative content analysis to scrutinize the ten most cited
critical themes that appear in print media articles. Most public discourses are
likely shaped in part by laziness and/or ignorance. All feature articles published
by leading news agencies contain at least one error that does not align with facts
in the legislation. This finding suggests that staff journalists and editors partially
or exclusively consult flawed secondary sources to form their conclusions.
269 words.

Releases
Press releases are public announcements that are known by a range of names. These may
include ‘press statements’ and ‘media communiqués’. In a similar vein to those who
author regulatory documents, it is debatable whether public relations personnel who
draft media communiqués are writers, as this noun is understood by the layperson.
For many, PR professionals are not journalists or pseudo journalists. Their work may be
classifiable as marketing or ‘institutional propaganda’. PR professionals are rarely
permitted to admit that their institution is culpable, even when their entities’ gross
culpability is obvious. PR press statements often ‘spin’ facts. They tend to highlight and
exaggerate institutional achievements. They may ignore or trivialize facts that embarrass
the organization, expose legal liability, or reduce its revenue-generating capacity.
May readers freely decide whether they consider public relations officers to be bona fide
writers. Perhaps your answer varies by context. The nature of their core work – their job
description and daily functions may guide your answer.
The press statement overleaf is an example of text content and a style template that is
common in corporate environments. The information is fictional for illustration purposes.

Tampa’s Tasty Tarts™ LLC
PRESS RELEASE: CORRECTION/APOLOGY
July 5, 2020
A promotional offer advertised in Canada’s capital city newspapers on July 4, 2020
incorrectly states that readers could redeem the attached voucher to obtain a 3 for the
price of 1 special offer at all participating Canada-based retailers during 2020.
This advertisement should have stated that vouchers are redeemable for a 2 for the
price of 1 offer. Per this revised public announcement, you may redeem your coupon at
the 3 for 1 offer during July and August 2020 only. Alternatively, you may redeem your
voucher as a 2 for 1 offer on any other dates in Canada until December 31, 2020.
T T T Management apologize for this misprint and for any inconveniences caused.
Executive Director – Media Relations
Miss Candy De Lish
Tel. +1-813-555-5577
www.tampastastytarts.com/July2020correction3for1.html

Religious
Religious writings are a diverse, globally popular niche. More than half of all people
living on planet Earth subscribe to one of these four major religions: Christianity, Islam,
Buddhism and Hinduism.
Religious ministers who write a weekly sermon for their congregation are a common
example of authors who cite direct links to primary source data such as scripture. A
Christian Minister ordinarily refers to the Christian Bible as their authority.
Many mainstream newspapers assign staff journalists to cover stories about religion,
faith, and spirituality. These journalists are required to have a good general knowledge
of this area. Some may be areligious. Others may write articles about religions that they
do not follow in their private sphere.
The article overleaf is an extract from a set of lecture notes that a religious studies scholar
may deliver to students in a subject such as Abrahamic Religions 101. The ‘Queen of
Sheba’ is named in the holy texts of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Queen of Sheba
The Queen of Sheba is one of just a few dozen figures whose name explicitly appears in
the Jewish Torah, Christian Bible, and the Islamic Koran. The proper noun ‘Sheba’
initially appears in the Jewish Tanakh in 1 Kings, Chapter 10, Verse 1.
“When the Queen of Sheba heard of Solomon's fame, because of the name of the Lord, and
she came to test him with riddles.” (Chabad, 2020).
The proper noun title ‘Queen of Sheba’ does not appear in the Christian New Testament.
Her inclusion in the Christian Bible arises from the merger of the Hebrew Bible with the
New Testament. Novice Bible scholars may confuse the Queen of Sheba with the male
figure ‘Sheba’. According to Genesis, Chapter 10, Verse 7, Sheba was the son of Raamah:
The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah and Sabteka. The sons of Raamah:
Sheba and Dedan.
The full named title “Queen of Sheba” appears in the Islamic Koran once:
“The Queen of Sheba said, ‘Counsellors, a gracious letter has been delivered to me.”
(27:29)
The Koran references Sheba in 27:22 and 34:15. The former mention likely refers to ‘Sheba’
as a historical place. The latter may reference ‘Sheba’ as a tribe.

Reports
Most written reports aim to share information on a timely basis. Company auditor reports
and annual medical checkup reports are examples that may communicate professional
opinions in a template format that is easy to navigate for lay and professional audiences.
A defining feature of most reports is that the person/s who signs the report holds
professional credentials in their field. Certified accountants must sign the auditor report
for a publicly listed company in most jurisdictions. Some signatories must also hold a
specific rank. Being a member of the executive board is an example in some contexts.
In a similar vein to those who author media releases as a profession, it is dubious whether
most career report writers exert significant creative literary scope over their writings. For
example, most architects who specialize exclusively in writing appraisals of the integrity
of built structures do not introduce themselves as ‘writers’ when strangers ask them what
they do for a living in social settings. They are more likely to identify with proper nouns
such as ‘architects’ or ‘chartered building inspectors’.
Most written reports quantify subjective adjectives such as ‘large’. The fictitious school
report overleaf shows how quantitative analysis may clarify descriptive discussion.

Tennyson Heights High School, Fort Knox KY
Student Report Card: Gary T. Gregory Term 2, 2020
Subject Grade: Score Comments
English A: 90% Gary’s essay writing skills have displayed
excellent spelling, grammar, and creative
thinking this semester. Teacher: O. Wiled.
Math B: 80% Gary scored 80% for the Algebra and
Inequalities tests this term. A solid effort.
Teacher: P. Thagoras
Science A: 85% This excellent result is attributed to Gary
attending all extra tuition workshops after
hours. Teacher: E. Stein
Art D: 45% Gary lacks confidence preparing abstract work
such as oil paintings. He has briefly displayed
potential to do better. Teacher: P. Ikaso
History A: 88% This outstanding result reflects Gary’s hard
work and passion for this subject.
Teacher J. Ark
Home Class Teacher’s Report (Class 812)
This is a solid report overall. The school counsellor has interviewed Gary to ascertain
the reasons for his marginal failure in Art. Gary has agreed to attend the weekly
afterschool Art Tutor Workshop next term as a pathway to passing this subject by the
end of the year. Gary’s attitude towards his schoolwork and peers is exemplary.
Teacher: Mark T Wayne
Authorized: School Principal
Flo Knight-Gall EdD

Reporters
The noun ‘journalist’ is the most popular synonym for the job description ‘news reporter’.
Journalists are supposed to report facts in community domains that are in the public
interest. They may do this via the print press, radio, tele-cinema media and public forums.
Journalists’ may serve two audiences: mainstream and niche. BBC News is an example
of an agency that disseminates mainstream reports to the masses on diverse topics such
as sports, weather, politics, arts, education, religion, lifestyle, finance, and entertainment.
Niche news publications may report a small number of related topics such as
entertainment. Rolling Stone magazine is an example. It centers on popular culture.
Articles about pop and rock music – a subfield of entertainment, account for most content.
Some niche media report mainstream news for a target audience. AARP The Magazine is
a famous example. Its articles cover diverse topics such as politics, arts, travel, lifestyle,
food, health, and entertainment. AARP aims to serve narrow demographics: retirees, age
pensioners and senior citizens. These three groups are not always mutually exclusive.
The article overleaf reports mainstream news for a niche audience – tennis fans.

Tennis Tour World Weekly JULY 31, 2020 12
Aussie tennis star Ashleigh Barty announced on July 29th that she is not attending the US
Open and Cincinnati Masters this year. Barty, 24, cites concerns about the Coronavirus
as her reason for this decision. In a statement issued to AAP on Thursday, she said:
“My team and I have decided that we won’t be travelling to the US and Western
and Southern Open and the US Open this year … I love both events so it was a
difficult decision but there are still significant risks involved due to COVID-19
and I don’t feel comfortable putting my team and I in that position.”
Barty’s withdrawal is a major blow to the US Open. She is currently the number one
ranked player on the women’s tour and is a crowd favorite at the Open.
As of July 31, the top three ranked male players, ‘the big 3’, Novak Djokovic, Rafael
Nadal, and Roger Federer have indicated that they will attend the Open, which starts on
August 31st. The absence of two of these players could reduce event attendances by 50%.
180 words
1. How many objective historical facts do you count in the article above?
2. How many subjective facts do you count in the article above?
3. The reference to “50%” above does not cite a source and it does not explain how
this forecast figure is derived. Is this figure a subjective or objective offering?
ACTIVITIES

Research
Those who coordinate research projects deploy a person or team to collect data that can
be analyzed to gain insight into a problem or question that requires an answer. Most
research projects partially overlap with report writing assignments. This is largely
because most researchers write a report to summarize and disseminate findings.
Research writing is a niche profession. It is not automatically synonymous with report
writing. The school report card example in this chapter is not a research assignment. It is
a collection of data sharing, comparable to an online data upload repository. Each teacher
deposits their data, i.e., Gary’s performance in Term 2, 2020 in a central location.
A defining feature of research reports is that the lead researcher/s justifies their
methodological framework. This includes their selection of qualitative, quantitative, or
mixed (qualitative-quantitative) data to answer a defined research problem. Data
analysis methods are chosen. This choice is also justified to a critical audience. Linear
Regression Data Analysis (quantitative) and Speech Analysis (qualitative) are examples.
Business reports customarily open with an executive summary. Most scholarly research
embed a synopsis or abstract on the opening page. The example overleaf is a synopsis.

Synopsis
This forthcoming mixed methods research project aims to analyze customer
attitudes towards shoe retailers that trade exclusively online in the NAFTA block
during 2020. This study seeks to identify the main reasons/s for shrinking profits
in this sector which have sustained year-on-year since 2012.
This study draws on literature that exposes the pros and cons of purchasing
apparel online, as perceived by consumers (e.g. Kim & Damhorst, 2013). The lead
researcher hypothesizes that concerns about the reliability of product label sizes
is the core issue that undermines consumer confidence in purchasing apparel,
including footwear, that cannot be fitted prior finalizing the purchase.
The methodological design seeks to interview 15 stakeholders each, from four
groups: consumers, manufacturers, product marketers and retailers. Data shall
be obtained from an email survey that is complemented with a follow-up phone
interview. An even number of stakeholders from Canada, America and Mexico
shall be consulted. Determining the average costs borne by consumers for two-
way postage, i.e. for returned goods, is a co-equal core objective of this project.
172 Words

Résumés
Writing résumés and job application covering letters pro bono for friends is a favorite past-
time of this writer. His strong interest, and relative success, modestly said, arises from
the enjoyable benefits that people may realize from this type of writing. Receiving a job
offer for a role that pays well and offers superb experience is a realistic example.
It is easy to locate contact details of those who draft résumés and covering letters for
others as their profession via online searches. Around half of these workers include the
word ‘Writer’ in their job title. ‘CV Writer’ and ‘Résumé Writer’ are common titles.
This type of writing concerns high-stakes outcomes. Internal promotion is another
obvious example. Many professional résumé writers explicitly market their brand as
unique. They boast of their ability to craft a fresh, commanding writing style and
presentation format that instantly distinguishes their client from masses of applicants.
The illustration overleaf is a covering letter and résumé that applies for a surgeon role at
an upmarket private clinic. The minimalist avant-garde style is bold and risky. It may
discreetly inform a discerning employer that the applicant’s savvy nature aligns with the
client demographic. Others may view the applicant as arrogant, crude, and clueless.

July 7, 2020
Prof. Eva Yönge MB BCh
Executive Director
Fountain of Youth Clinic
London, W1Q 7QQ
Beau T. Yifil MD
777 Peaches Street
Ion Complex 90210
Re: Job Vacancy PL/137 (The Times; July 4, 2020)
PROFESSOR YONGE
The brevity of this letter reflects the astute listening skills that I bring to every encounter with my
esteemed clients at all stages of the patient–surgeon relationship. As a clinician with 19 years-
experience in Plastic Surgery, I understand that discretion and confidentiality are paramount.
You may concur that my credentials, experience, and references speak for themselves.
I look forward to our forthcoming interview.
Sincerely,
Beau T. Yifil

Beau T. Yifil Jr. IV
109.555.2891
beau.t.yifil@btifil-surgery.com
University of Texas, Austin BSc 1991-1994 PhD Anesthesia 2010-2016
University of Utah MD 1995-1998
Designations American Board of Plastic Surgery: Full Certification, 2006
The British Association of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons: Full Certification, 2009
Specialties Rhinoplasty, Cosmetic Surgery, Cranio-facial Reconstruction.
Rotation Residency Mount Sinai Hospital, 1999-2000
Specialization, Plastic Surgery Mount Sinai Hospital, 2001-2006
Senior Registrar, Guy’s Hospital
Plastic Surgery 2007-2009
Reconstructive Fellowship 2010-2011
Private Practice, California 2012-2019
References Clients (three), Professional (three),
Personal(two). Please see attachments, overleaf.
Portfolio of Surgeries btyifil-surgery.com/testimonials

Reviews
Writers may author self-reflexive critiques about content that they analyze. This writer
prefers the adjective ‘review’ over synonyms such as ‘critique’. Nouns such as ‘film critic’
may convey negative connotations of a harsh one-person audience. This is not always the
case. Most professional critics who write for publications such as Film Review Magazine
Online aim to offer an impartial and balanced assessment of merits and flaws.
Reviewers may analyze aesthetic content such as cuisine, music, and sculptured art.
Rotten Tomatoes is a famous database that collates film critic assessments. Reviewers
may examine commercial products such as software technology and corporate share
performances. The Northwestern Business Review is a famous magazine that markets its
image as a review forum. Its publication name makes prominent this purpose.
Reviewers may examine any material, including goods that have dated origins. There is
high demand for classic art and literature such as Jane Eyre that can be reprinted. A
professional reviewer should consider the legitimacy of a creation in context. Norms and
expectations of consumers at the time that a good/service was invented is an example.
The book review overleaf examines an adapted fiction novel that was originally
published in 2005. This stellar novel has been reprinted multiple times since after 2005.

Class Act
The Glass Castle by Jeanette Walls (2005) is set in the late 1950s to the 1980s. It is
reminiscent of a marriage of The Grapes of Wrath and To Kill a Mockingbird. Wall’s text is
half as heartening as these classics. Yup – it’s a good one.
This novel is a diplomatically adapted chronicle of the life of Jeanette Walls. It’s recounted
through her wise voice from age three, a child prodigy, to a twenty something twice
married self-made Manhattan-based elite journalist. This memoir’s magic may appeal to
those who romanticize nomadic clan lifestyles.
This gifted storyteller spins tales of the ten plus townships that eschew and spew the
misfit Walls wagon – Rose, Rex and their four siblings, as they drift semi-aimlessly
around America’s western desert states. Unbeknown to Jeannette the minor, her eccentric
mother was secretly and knowingly a landowning millionaire for the bulk of Jeanette’s
impoverished, dirt-faced, frequently famished childhood.
The lion’s share of this work centers around Wall’s life in Welch County. It is debatable
whether Jeanette replicates or renounces stereotypes about so-called Appalachian
hillbilly communities of West Virginia and southern states. Most likely the latter.
Compassion and logic are staples throughout her rocky road adventure.

The bond between Jeannette, daddy’s favorite, and her father, is the dominant
relationship that Walls deploys to deconstruct a rich narrative of life’s lessons: fortitude,
fortune, and failure. Jeanette is most tolerant of the patriarch’s incessant drunkenness,
walkout disappearances, violence, self-entitled, self-destructive cycles. She forgives him
almost immediately for renting her 13-years old body to a mature-aged would-be rapist,
who pins her down as two pals cheer on the sidelines. Daddy Rex callously ignores her
cries of attempted rape as he lounges like a lizard in a dive bar downstairs (pp. 212-213).
This plot’s subtext covertly promotes unconditional understanding and forbearance that
glues many, maybe most dysfunctional families from cradle to grave. This mini
masterpiece may force you to assess where you truly stand on one of the most complex
hypotheticals that haunts those from broken families, long after their folks’ funerals.
If mom and dad were just our nasty neighbors, would we give them the time of day?
Jeanette Walls is a commanding protagonist in more ways than ten. According to her
scripture, permanent divorce of family aren’t options.
You may experience profound loss as you speed read the last leaf. Like mourning a
mentor. And a buck-toothed best buddy. Highly recommended.

Rhymes
Roses are red, violets are blue (A)
I won’t complete this poem (B)
As it may bore you. (A)
The beyond awful rhyme penned by this writer above illustrates a point. Most of us know
what a rhyme is. We normally recognize one as soon as we see it or hear it. Nursery
rhymes created for children such as Little Miss Muffet (and her tuffet) are globally famous.
Rhymes may be known by other names such as poems. These terms are not always
synonymous. The ‘Roses are red’ illustration exhibits an A-B-A pattern. The last word on
the first (blue) and third line (you) exhibit rhythmic tune. Phonetically this sound is ‘oo’.
Many songwriters use the noun ‘poems’ as synonyms for their lyrics. In theory, any poem
can be sung in billions of ways by selecting a unique melody. In the minds of many, a
distinguishing feature between a poem and a lyrical composition is that millions of
published songs incorporate a chorus. This logic is understandable. However, some
works labelled by authors as poems have a repeat chorus and not all songs have a chorus.
The poem overleaf is based on an ongoing daily encounter in this author’s life. For writers
like this one, inspiration is only found in authentic experiences that touch the heart.

One-way alley
Naughty neighbor, Tammy-Sue
Rub my hands each night on you
What would Nan say
If she knew?
Sneaky, cheeky
Hops the gate
First stop Tom
To fornicate
Next stop here
Around midnight
Back porch floor
The moon for light
Per the pattern
Eat and run
Somewhat sinful
Still, it’s fun
Ginger binger
Glutton you
Tonight sardines
And milk for two.

Roles
Scriptwriters who write role plays may serve diverse audiences. In the world of theatre,
writing plays for Broadway, Chicago and London’s West End are pinnacles of success
that many ambitious writers aim to conquer. In America, most of the biggest budget TV
programs and movies are recorded around the Hollywood precinct of Los Angeles.
The work of playwrights is suitable for solitary and group reading scenarios away from
the stage. Readers may recall engaging the works of classic playwrights such as Oscar
Wilde, William Shakespeare, and Tennessee Williams in high school English classes.
These mentions above are obvious examples. Role playwriters may earn a comfortable
living writing scripts for actors who promote goods and services in commercials for
radio, television, the big screen, and live audiences in public domains.
Playwriters’ scripts may partially resemble live speech dialogue seen in novels. The
example overleaf shows how playwriters insert notes that set the scene. They may
activate a reader’s imagination by explaining dynamic factors such as the actor’s tone,
body language, background sound effects, setting changes, and the use of props. This
script is based on a true experience. Key details have been altered to protect the guilty.

Torn to shop
Act One
Scene 1
Macy’s Downtown Phoenix, Arizona
Jay and his Aunt Lana are shopping. Lana, a cashed-up widow, took a day off from her
Children’s Foundation. She aims to splurge a few thousand bucks for the fun of it.
Lana
Look JJ. We’re passing the Ladies who Lunch frocks section.
Jay
Cool. Let’s check it out.
Lana
Ooh-la-la, baby. This frock is identical to the one that Heather wore to Helga’s wedding.
I’ve always wondered what I would look like mincing about in this nifty ruby number.
Jay
The tag says size 10. I don’t mean to be rude, but aren’t you at least a size 16?
Lana
I don’t care. I’m going to try it on in this fitting room – just to see how fabulous I look.
Jay
facepalms.
Fabric trauma sounds are heard from coming the fitting room. Zzzzzzzzzzzip. Ssssppliiiiiit.

Romances
Romance novels are among the most famous and popular genre of fiction writing. Other
well-known fiction genres include horror, detective crime thrillers, historical (also known
as period novels), comedy, coming of age, science fiction, family, fantasy, and war.
These categories are not mutually exclusive or mutually exhaustive. A thriller may
explore the coming of age of a man in his late teens who enlists in the army during the
Vietnam War. Understanding the importance of genre may guide writers to conquer their
holy grail question – What exactly do I want to achieve from my writing? Many elite
writers believe that some of the best authors can only master a narrow genre set.
For some, genre is everything in writing. A genre may dictate the author’s stewardship
over key factors such as plot, tone, character selection and character development
throughout the entire novel. It may also shape the length. Most children’s books are brief.
Adapting the same set of facts for a romance novel may create a project that is vastly
different to an author who employs the same facts to write a science fiction thriller.
This attempt overleaf is a parody of the famous Mills & Boon romance series. Who hasn’t
fantasized about writing a spicy Mills & Boon bestseller? In my case – keep dreaming.

Salt Lake Kitty
J. Jericho
Extract p. 12
For the first time on that memorable late midday meeting, I gazed intimately into her
saintly blue eyes as we indulged in discourse about classic Victorian poetry and prose.
We had unconsciously inched closer as we satiated our rampant intellectual desires.
It was at that nano split-second that I realized she was the one. Time and space were
obsolete. As if we were the only conscious entities existing in the galaxy and beyond. I
had heard accounts by others that ‘Earth moved’ and dismissed such tripe as hyperbole.
Alas, it’s true. In my heart I just knew. The soulmate phenomenon. It’s me and you.
My carnal desire took over, albeit with an air of geek chic innocence. I was hypnotized
by my classmate’s tender pink lips and thick rim sixties style specs as she discussed novel
ways to assess crypted subtexts of The Lady of Shallot. The only thing that my grey matter
could care to examine was this lady’s silky blonde tresses that followed her delicate jaw.
And then it happened. Wham bam, I surrender mam. Like a marathon runner collapsing
on the finish line. Defeated. Breathless. Jell-O knees. Physically paralyzed from the
intensity of my raw emotions fueled by deep sensual desire. Yet another clique that I had
long believed existed only in the realm of fairy fiction like Austen and the Brontës.

Rubrics
Okay folks, back to the real world – the professions. Devising templates such as matrixes
and rubrics is a specialist writing role in certain professions such as statistics.
In the writing context, nouns such as ‘templates’, ‘proformas’, and ‘matrixes’ are close
substitutes for the word ‘rubrics’. These words name/describe blank data collection
tables that aim to guide the writer to fill in the blanks. Rubrics serve to gather useful
information that is presented in a logically ordered manner for those who complete the
table and for end-users who analyze, interpret, and report the details provided.
Boutique research consultancies that create surveys for clients are an example of a party
that specializes in writing templates. Other types of data collection matrixes include
customer registration forms and school report cards (e.g. p. 64). Job descriptions that
require workers to spend most or all their work time constructing templates are rare. It is
dubious whether most people who engage in such activities as a job or registered
profession identify with the single word ‘writer’. Their job description may label them by
other more appropriate nouns such as ‘Research Officer’ and ‘Administration Officer’.
The template illustration overleaf contains at least one sentence in each section. It is an
example that requires the rubric author to possess adequate sentence construction skills.

Lay & Zee Meal Delivery Service LLC Confidential survey – November 2020
Please provide a written answer of circa 20 to 200 words for each question in the table
below. You may answer overleaf on the allocated numbered spaces provided.
Topic Question
Q1.
Loyalty
Are you satisfied with the Platinum Loyalty Card benefits
provided to long-term customers? Please explain your answer.
Q2.
Services
What aspects of our services do you rate highest in terms of
satisfaction? Please explain why.
Q3.
Products
What aspects of our food products do you rate highest in terms of
satisfaction? Please explain why.
Q4.
Service &
Product
Development
Please discuss factors about our service development that you
would like to see improved. Please offer specific suggestions.
Q5. Other Please offer any other feedback in the last section on page 5.
Thank you for completing this survey. Your assistance in developing our business is
appreciated. Respondents will receive a 10% discount on their next monthly invoice.
Survey authored and administered by Elite Writers, Copywriters & Research Inc.

Recitals
This chapter does not provide an illustration for the Recitals genre. A mass of open-access
(i.e., free) books are available to support writers who have a hunger to read widely and
consult niche genre books aimed at up-and-coming authors. The table below provides a
web address for databases that stores thousands of quality free books.
Database Address
Book Boon www.bookboon.com
Open Library www.openlibrary.org
PDF Books World www.pdfbooksworld.com/books
PDF Drive www.pdfdrive.com
Project Gutenberg www.gutenberg.org
PDF Drive is among the best sources. This database exclusively stores free published
volumes such as handbooks and textbooks disseminated by famous publishers such as
Penguin Random House and Simon & Schuster. Those who are keen to learn more about
writing music can access these books shown below and others on PDF Drive. Enjoy.
Images sourced from PDF Drive.

Chapter summary
The illustration of 17 popular genres offers a framework for writers to ask pertinent
questions. What type of writer am I? Have I demonstrated competence or mastery of
some of these 17 genres? Reflecting deeply on these questions over time may aid us to
maximize our writing potential. This may lead us to realize our primary writing goals.
The core objective of this chapter inextricably relates to the notion of a writer’s holy grail,
as defined in this book. Recall the spirit of this question that may guide us in this quest:
What exactly do I want to achieve from my writing?
When drafting this chapter, this writer was initially discouraged that he could not
compose a basic instrumental composition example, such as a short song with two repeat
notes. Reflecting on the so-called holy grail question shown in italics above immediately
alleviated this down feeling. This writer harbors no desire to engage in the music industry
as a composer. His primary interest centers around current events news reporting.
The following chapter explores six new issues that may guide writers to sharply define
their core authorship objectives. These topics, explored in this order, are: Spelling, Scripts
Styles, Solo, Champions and Circulation.

Chapter case study
Literary critics identify authors who supposedly mastered all genres, or at least all major
genres such as poetry, fiction novels, short stories and play scripts. This book promotes
the idea of multiple genre engagement primarily to encourage writers to exit their
comfort zone and explore new disciplines. Sometimes the best way to find out what we
want to do and can do is by trial-and-error. Experimental failures can lead to greatness.
According to Sanderson, Elmore Leonard “mastered every genre” that he attempted.
Image source: Google search (google.com) (2020).
Elmore was innovative with his grammar. This style was well received by critics. His
essay titled “Elmore Leonard’s Ten Rules of Writing” states “My most important rule is
one that sums up the 10: If it sounds like writing, I rewrite it.” This description sounds
like the ‘phonetic’ writing style that purposely violates spelling and grammar to
recording speech exactly as it is spoken. “Gimme a chockie” is a phonetic way of
capturing a person’s request, exactly as it was spoken, to ‘Give me a piece of chocolate’.

Rants, recognitions, recollections, records, regulations, releases, religious, reports,
reporters, research, résumés, reviews, rhymes, roles, romances, rubrics, and recitals.
Please refer to the 17 genres listed in the paragraph above. Which genres:
1a. Appeal to you the most as a leisure reader?
1b. Do you find easiest to write?
1c. Have you engaged with the most as a writer in private or professional contexts?
1d. That you care for are missing from this list shown above?
2. Author a polished piece of writing for four or more genres. For each genre,
construct an extract or a complete piece of work that fills at least one A4 sized
page, using an 11 or 12 sized popular publishing font such as Times or Arial.
Use single, 1.5 or double lined spacing only.
3. Has this chapter aided you to focus more sharply on the core objective/s that you
plan to pursue in the future?
Justify your answer in writing, composing a piece of at least 300 words.

References
Chabad (2020), Melachim I - I Kings - Chapter 10,
www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/15894/jewish/Chapter-10.htm
Film Review Online (2020), Review,
https://filmreviewonline.com/category/review/
Kim, H., & Damhorst, M. (2013), ‘Gauging concerns with fit and size of garments among
young consumers in online shopping’, Journal of Textile and Apparel, Technology and
Management, 8(3), pp. 1–14.
https://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/JTATM/article/download/4566/2538
New York Times (2020), How to submit a letter to the editor,
https://help.nytimes.com/hc/en-us/articles/115014925288-How-to-submit-a-letter-to-
the-editor
Nine Simone (2020), Studio albums, www.ninasimone.com/studio-albums/
Northwestern Business Review (2020), NBR,
https://northwesternbusinessreview.org/
Quran (2020), Sheba, https://quran.com/search?q=sheba
Unsplash (2020), Royalty free picture Etty Fidele, Christy the Model,
https://unsplash.com/photos/VNYCIbZju0o

Creative Writing Handbook - Mastering all Genres

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