As China continues to upgrade its economy and add value-added services, it will transition from ‘Made in China’ to ‘Created in China’.
This presentation was created by China-based consultancy SmithStreetSolutions,
2012 17 07_innovation for pro-poor growth freeman centreSPRU
Professor of International Development, Raphie Kaplinsky from The Open University discusses the interaction between innovation and (absolute and relative) poverty in low and middle income countries. He also explores the implications for higher income economies.
"The development and diffusion of 'Appropriate Technologies' has largely occurred as an outcome of the activities of not-for-profit actors. However, a series of disruptive factors has begun to lead to an innovation dynamic in which market actors (as well as a variety of non market actors) have begun to innovate and diffuse efficient technologies which meet the needs of low income consumers and are more likely to involve poor producers."
http://www.ipg.open.ac.uk/
China and japan relations and questionsEllahWatson
Fraud is an intentional wrongful and unlawful deception ways used for financial and personal gains. Besides alerting my manager about potential fraud situations within the accounting department, I will choose option (B), which will involve meeting with all other management team members to discuss the company's current controls for fraud prevention.
The document discusses China's economic rise and examines factors contributing to its high growth rates. It finds that in contrast to following a Soviet model based on rapid input growth, China's growth has been led primarily by productivity increases, achieving a rate of 3.9% annually from 1979-1994 compared to 0.4% for the US in that period. This productivity-led growth is seen as more sustainable. China is analyzed as having elements of an East Asian developmental state model, including maintaining a large state sector and controlling financial institutions, while allowing private sector growth. Its future trajectory is uncertain but it differs from past East Asian models in the timing of reforms.
The document summarizes recent research from the OECD Development Centre, including their flagship publications on shifting global wealth and relative poverty rates. It discusses China's growing economic influence as its share of global GDP and the world's economic center of gravity shift eastward. Research shows China has diversified its exports and become a dominant supplier in global supply chains. Business cycles in China are increasingly synchronized with ASEAN countries. The document also analyzes gender inequality in China using the Social Institutions and Gender Index. Possible areas of collaboration with the Development Research Centre of China are mentioned.
Did you know that Argentina is one of the best three places in the world to look for ideas and one of the three best to produce them, according to The Gunn Report?
This publication will help you understand the creative industries in Argentina, a growing economic sector in the country due to its talented human resources and competitive costs.
This document was produced by ProsperAr, Argentina´s Investment Development Agency.
If you need further assistance contact us at info@prosperar.gov.ar or use our website www.prosperar.gov.ar
The document discusses security challenges companies face and how Google secures user data. It notes that companies have different operating systems and applications making security patching difficult. Google hires security experts, trains employees, and builds security into products from the start. Google stores data across multiple datacenters, shards data across servers, and tightly controls network access to securely store user data.
This presentation highlights some of the key B2B related challenges facing companies who may have been through a period of divestiture. It helps to highlight some of the issues relating to the ongoing management of B2B infrastructures and trading partner communities following divestiture. The presentation then goes on to discuss how B2B Managed Services can help maintain business continuity during a period of restructuring. Updated May 2014
2012 17 07_innovation for pro-poor growth freeman centreSPRU
Professor of International Development, Raphie Kaplinsky from The Open University discusses the interaction between innovation and (absolute and relative) poverty in low and middle income countries. He also explores the implications for higher income economies.
"The development and diffusion of 'Appropriate Technologies' has largely occurred as an outcome of the activities of not-for-profit actors. However, a series of disruptive factors has begun to lead to an innovation dynamic in which market actors (as well as a variety of non market actors) have begun to innovate and diffuse efficient technologies which meet the needs of low income consumers and are more likely to involve poor producers."
http://www.ipg.open.ac.uk/
China and japan relations and questionsEllahWatson
Fraud is an intentional wrongful and unlawful deception ways used for financial and personal gains. Besides alerting my manager about potential fraud situations within the accounting department, I will choose option (B), which will involve meeting with all other management team members to discuss the company's current controls for fraud prevention.
The document discusses China's economic rise and examines factors contributing to its high growth rates. It finds that in contrast to following a Soviet model based on rapid input growth, China's growth has been led primarily by productivity increases, achieving a rate of 3.9% annually from 1979-1994 compared to 0.4% for the US in that period. This productivity-led growth is seen as more sustainable. China is analyzed as having elements of an East Asian developmental state model, including maintaining a large state sector and controlling financial institutions, while allowing private sector growth. Its future trajectory is uncertain but it differs from past East Asian models in the timing of reforms.
The document summarizes recent research from the OECD Development Centre, including their flagship publications on shifting global wealth and relative poverty rates. It discusses China's growing economic influence as its share of global GDP and the world's economic center of gravity shift eastward. Research shows China has diversified its exports and become a dominant supplier in global supply chains. Business cycles in China are increasingly synchronized with ASEAN countries. The document also analyzes gender inequality in China using the Social Institutions and Gender Index. Possible areas of collaboration with the Development Research Centre of China are mentioned.
Did you know that Argentina is one of the best three places in the world to look for ideas and one of the three best to produce them, according to The Gunn Report?
This publication will help you understand the creative industries in Argentina, a growing economic sector in the country due to its talented human resources and competitive costs.
This document was produced by ProsperAr, Argentina´s Investment Development Agency.
If you need further assistance contact us at info@prosperar.gov.ar or use our website www.prosperar.gov.ar
The document discusses security challenges companies face and how Google secures user data. It notes that companies have different operating systems and applications making security patching difficult. Google hires security experts, trains employees, and builds security into products from the start. Google stores data across multiple datacenters, shards data across servers, and tightly controls network access to securely store user data.
This presentation highlights some of the key B2B related challenges facing companies who may have been through a period of divestiture. It helps to highlight some of the issues relating to the ongoing management of B2B infrastructures and trading partner communities following divestiture. The presentation then goes on to discuss how B2B Managed Services can help maintain business continuity during a period of restructuring. Updated May 2014
India vs China: Trade is an Engine of GrowthAritra Ganguly
India and China are two major players in International Trade with potential to grow. This presentation takes a look at the history between these two great nations, how trade has flourished and helped economies to grow in terms of Trade Balances, how it can contribute to GDP growth, barriers to trade and how each country can maximise their potential in this regard.
China used to be an innovation absorber, simply copying ideas from elsewhere to roll out to local and foreign markets. Today, Chinese firms are recognised as innovators on the world stage. The most successful Chinese entrepreneurs have bolstered their innovative capabilities by collaborating with and acquiring international firms.
China’s president, Xi Jinping, wants to turn China into an innovation-driven economy by 2020. But can government-mandated innovation in a complex, partially closed economy save China’s growth prospects? Can China become an innovation powerhouse?
The Innovation Summit 2016 will bring together C-suite executives, entrepreneurs and critical thinkers from China and the surrounding region to discuss what lessons the world’s great innovators can offer China, and what ideas and insights it can share in return.
Visit the event website: innovation2016.economist.com
Join the online discussion with #EconInnov
The China Analyst is a knowledge tool for executives with a China agenda.
The May edition looks at China from the perspective of technology. We consider the current global standing of China and its leading companies in terms of innovation and technology. We then investigate in more detail the prowess and expanding global reach of China’s engineering firms, followed by an examination of the development of China’s mining and mineral processing technology.
This document discusses key findings from CEOs for Cities about the drivers of the new economy and implications for urban policy. It makes several points:
1) National policy is essentially urban policy as cities are disproportionate drivers of economic output and new economic activity.
2) The economy is now global and regional in nature, so urban policy must consider these larger geographic scales.
3) An efficient regional economy uses all of its assets, including developing a knowledgeable workforce and reducing inequality.
It also examines how factors like education, functional specialization, and immigration contribute to economic growth and the need for cities to build on their unique strengths.
How to benefit from Taiwan's 6 National Emerging Technology Development Initi...Taiwan Professional Group
The document summarizes Taiwan's plan to develop 6 emerging technologies to diversify its economy and drive future growth. It discusses how Taiwan has relied heavily on exports but was impacted by the global financial crisis. The plan is to promote 6 industries: agriculture, health care, tourism, creativity, biotechnology, and green energy. It provides quantitative targets for each industry, such as doubling biotech value and employment within 4 years through a "Diamond Action Plan" with 10 billion NTD in funding. Private funding of 20 billion NTD is also targeted for these industries within 4 years to help Taiwan transition its economy and create new sources of growth.
The America21 Project: Connecting Urban America to the 21st Century Innovati...ScaleUp Partners LLC
The America21 Project introduces a new economic narrative to empower and connect historically disconnected sectors to America's 21st century innovation economy from pipeline to productivity.
The Innovation Economy consists of three core pillars:
STEM education and workforce development
High-growth Entrepreneurship
Access to Capital and Capital Formation
IVAN VERA - VALUE BUILDERS - WPTC - 08.03.16Ivan Vera
For 27 years I´ve been collaborating with CEOs of large corporations in accelerating their corporate innovation. As Keynote Speaker for large audiences I share my experience and clues on HOW to get to the top. How to measure and boost the Company´s Innovation Intensity Index.
Mexico has seen strong growth in manufacturing exports over the past decade by leveraging its proximity to the US market and establishing free trade agreements. It targets the US automotive industry in particular, receiving duty-free access. Mexico also works to diversify its export markets while maintaining competitive advantages in low-cost labor and energy. These concerted efforts to build on location advantages and access developed country markets have supported Mexico's rise as a global manufacturing superstar.
Next generation Manufacturing - winning through technology and innovationFelipe Sotelo A.
The Indian manufacturing sector has grown steadily over the long term at an annual rate of 13%, but there remains significant untapped potential to increase its contribution to GDP and employment. While historical growth has been strong, recent manufacturing performance has been below par, with output declining in 7 of the past 11 months. The slowdown in capital goods has been particularly concerning. However, the government has introduced several initiatives through programs like "Make in India" to promote manufacturing growth by improving infrastructure, easing business regulations, and reforming labor laws.
The Indian manufacturing sector has grown steadily at 13% annually over the past 30 years, faster than most other countries. However, it still has significant untapped potential as manufacturing currently accounts for only 16% of GDP compared to targets of 25%, and 10% of employment compared to targets of 20%. Recent manufacturing performance has been below par, with seven of the past 11 months showing negative year-over-year growth. The slowdown in capital goods has been most concerning, contracting over 20% so far this year. The government has introduced various initiatives under 'Make in India' to promote manufacturing through reforms in sectors like power, FDI, transport, and textiles.
Universal Consulting hosted a Chinese delegation in India, comprising the Shanghai Municipal People Government Economic Commission and Shanghai Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Commission. The visit was organized in order for the delegation to understand the Indian IT industry and identify potential alliance/ business opportunities with Indian software companies. On this visit, the delegation discussed the attractiveness of Shanghai as a center for IT business.
Presentation on "IndEcoSocial Framework" delivered by Dr. Pallavi Mody & Dr. Anil Vaidya at Asia Competitiveness Forum 2012 in Thought Leadership Track
By 2025, annual consumption in emerging markets will reach $30 trillion, representing the largest growth opportunity in history. To succeed, companies must master ten key disciplines. The rise of emerging markets dwarfs previous economic transformations in terms of scale and speed. While multinationals recognize emerging markets' importance, they struggle to compete against local firms. Mastering ten disciplines will be necessary to win in these massive new markets.
This document discusses four key trends in 21st century business leadership:
1. Leadership must adapt to an increasingly globalized and connected world with new economic powers emerging.
2. Leadership must focus on sustainability and address issues of ecology, energy usage, and developing business practices that do not compromise future generations.
3. Leadership must restore trust in institutions through practices like having independent board members and transparent reporting to investors.
4. Leadership requires vision and imagination to envision positive futures and motivate change, as exemplified by historic visionary leaders.
1. The document outlines trends in globalization, production technology, the new US economy, ICT industry development, and labor market reforms that have shaped the modern knowledge-based economy.
2. It discusses challenges Taiwan faces in moving toward a knowledge-based economy, including rising non-performing loans and reforms needed in the financial market.
3. The conclusion emphasizes that developing a knowledge-based economy requires establishing effective institutions.
The Indian manufacturing sector has grown steadily at 13% annually over the past three decades, outpacing most other countries. However, it still has significant untapped potential to contribute more to the economy and create jobs. Recent government initiatives have improved infrastructure, policies, and business regulations. However, industry leaders still seek further reforms in areas like labor laws and access to financing to help drive stronger growth. Adopting Industry 4.0 technologies could help boost productivity and competitiveness, but also risks disrupting jobs unless workers are retrained.
Standing up to Asian Competition - JHKCBA MontrealJHKCBA Montreal
JHKCBA McGill had the pleasure to invite Mr. Alain-Marie Carron, the Director at Secor Taktik, to share his views on the growing Chinese economy amidst this global economic restructuring. In recession, how do we leverage on opportunities available?
The document discusses globalization and its impact on the Indian economy. It notes that globalization has led to new trade and production patterns in India, with developing countries like India now able to produce finished goods rather than just exporting raw materials. It also discusses India's growing economy, with rising GDP, exports, FDI inflows, and per capita income. However, it notes India still faces challenges of unemployment and balancing economic growth with political demands.
China's GDP grew by 7.4% in the third quarter of 2012, representing a sharp slowdown from previous years. Growth has fallen below the target range of 9-10% due to factors such as falling exports and imports, a decline in industrial output, a collapse in real estate investment, and falling consumer prices. Unemployment remains low at 4.1% as China focuses on job creation. China runs a current account surplus equivalent to around 4% of its GDP and has large foreign exchange reserves of over $3 trillion. The government is focusing fiscal policy on tax cuts and spending on education, healthcare and social programs to boost domestic consumption.
Profiles of Iconic Fashion Personalities.pdfTTop Threads
The fashion industry is dynamic and ever-changing, continuously sculpted by trailblazing visionaries who challenge norms and redefine beauty. This document delves into the profiles of some of the most iconic fashion personalities whose impact has left a lasting impression on the industry. From timeless designers to modern-day influencers, each individual has uniquely woven their thread into the rich fabric of fashion history, contributing to its ongoing evolution.
India vs China: Trade is an Engine of GrowthAritra Ganguly
India and China are two major players in International Trade with potential to grow. This presentation takes a look at the history between these two great nations, how trade has flourished and helped economies to grow in terms of Trade Balances, how it can contribute to GDP growth, barriers to trade and how each country can maximise their potential in this regard.
China used to be an innovation absorber, simply copying ideas from elsewhere to roll out to local and foreign markets. Today, Chinese firms are recognised as innovators on the world stage. The most successful Chinese entrepreneurs have bolstered their innovative capabilities by collaborating with and acquiring international firms.
China’s president, Xi Jinping, wants to turn China into an innovation-driven economy by 2020. But can government-mandated innovation in a complex, partially closed economy save China’s growth prospects? Can China become an innovation powerhouse?
The Innovation Summit 2016 will bring together C-suite executives, entrepreneurs and critical thinkers from China and the surrounding region to discuss what lessons the world’s great innovators can offer China, and what ideas and insights it can share in return.
Visit the event website: innovation2016.economist.com
Join the online discussion with #EconInnov
The China Analyst is a knowledge tool for executives with a China agenda.
The May edition looks at China from the perspective of technology. We consider the current global standing of China and its leading companies in terms of innovation and technology. We then investigate in more detail the prowess and expanding global reach of China’s engineering firms, followed by an examination of the development of China’s mining and mineral processing technology.
This document discusses key findings from CEOs for Cities about the drivers of the new economy and implications for urban policy. It makes several points:
1) National policy is essentially urban policy as cities are disproportionate drivers of economic output and new economic activity.
2) The economy is now global and regional in nature, so urban policy must consider these larger geographic scales.
3) An efficient regional economy uses all of its assets, including developing a knowledgeable workforce and reducing inequality.
It also examines how factors like education, functional specialization, and immigration contribute to economic growth and the need for cities to build on their unique strengths.
How to benefit from Taiwan's 6 National Emerging Technology Development Initi...Taiwan Professional Group
The document summarizes Taiwan's plan to develop 6 emerging technologies to diversify its economy and drive future growth. It discusses how Taiwan has relied heavily on exports but was impacted by the global financial crisis. The plan is to promote 6 industries: agriculture, health care, tourism, creativity, biotechnology, and green energy. It provides quantitative targets for each industry, such as doubling biotech value and employment within 4 years through a "Diamond Action Plan" with 10 billion NTD in funding. Private funding of 20 billion NTD is also targeted for these industries within 4 years to help Taiwan transition its economy and create new sources of growth.
The America21 Project: Connecting Urban America to the 21st Century Innovati...ScaleUp Partners LLC
The America21 Project introduces a new economic narrative to empower and connect historically disconnected sectors to America's 21st century innovation economy from pipeline to productivity.
The Innovation Economy consists of three core pillars:
STEM education and workforce development
High-growth Entrepreneurship
Access to Capital and Capital Formation
IVAN VERA - VALUE BUILDERS - WPTC - 08.03.16Ivan Vera
For 27 years I´ve been collaborating with CEOs of large corporations in accelerating their corporate innovation. As Keynote Speaker for large audiences I share my experience and clues on HOW to get to the top. How to measure and boost the Company´s Innovation Intensity Index.
Mexico has seen strong growth in manufacturing exports over the past decade by leveraging its proximity to the US market and establishing free trade agreements. It targets the US automotive industry in particular, receiving duty-free access. Mexico also works to diversify its export markets while maintaining competitive advantages in low-cost labor and energy. These concerted efforts to build on location advantages and access developed country markets have supported Mexico's rise as a global manufacturing superstar.
Next generation Manufacturing - winning through technology and innovationFelipe Sotelo A.
The Indian manufacturing sector has grown steadily over the long term at an annual rate of 13%, but there remains significant untapped potential to increase its contribution to GDP and employment. While historical growth has been strong, recent manufacturing performance has been below par, with output declining in 7 of the past 11 months. The slowdown in capital goods has been particularly concerning. However, the government has introduced several initiatives through programs like "Make in India" to promote manufacturing growth by improving infrastructure, easing business regulations, and reforming labor laws.
The Indian manufacturing sector has grown steadily at 13% annually over the past 30 years, faster than most other countries. However, it still has significant untapped potential as manufacturing currently accounts for only 16% of GDP compared to targets of 25%, and 10% of employment compared to targets of 20%. Recent manufacturing performance has been below par, with seven of the past 11 months showing negative year-over-year growth. The slowdown in capital goods has been most concerning, contracting over 20% so far this year. The government has introduced various initiatives under 'Make in India' to promote manufacturing through reforms in sectors like power, FDI, transport, and textiles.
Universal Consulting hosted a Chinese delegation in India, comprising the Shanghai Municipal People Government Economic Commission and Shanghai Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Commission. The visit was organized in order for the delegation to understand the Indian IT industry and identify potential alliance/ business opportunities with Indian software companies. On this visit, the delegation discussed the attractiveness of Shanghai as a center for IT business.
Presentation on "IndEcoSocial Framework" delivered by Dr. Pallavi Mody & Dr. Anil Vaidya at Asia Competitiveness Forum 2012 in Thought Leadership Track
By 2025, annual consumption in emerging markets will reach $30 trillion, representing the largest growth opportunity in history. To succeed, companies must master ten key disciplines. The rise of emerging markets dwarfs previous economic transformations in terms of scale and speed. While multinationals recognize emerging markets' importance, they struggle to compete against local firms. Mastering ten disciplines will be necessary to win in these massive new markets.
This document discusses four key trends in 21st century business leadership:
1. Leadership must adapt to an increasingly globalized and connected world with new economic powers emerging.
2. Leadership must focus on sustainability and address issues of ecology, energy usage, and developing business practices that do not compromise future generations.
3. Leadership must restore trust in institutions through practices like having independent board members and transparent reporting to investors.
4. Leadership requires vision and imagination to envision positive futures and motivate change, as exemplified by historic visionary leaders.
1. The document outlines trends in globalization, production technology, the new US economy, ICT industry development, and labor market reforms that have shaped the modern knowledge-based economy.
2. It discusses challenges Taiwan faces in moving toward a knowledge-based economy, including rising non-performing loans and reforms needed in the financial market.
3. The conclusion emphasizes that developing a knowledge-based economy requires establishing effective institutions.
The Indian manufacturing sector has grown steadily at 13% annually over the past three decades, outpacing most other countries. However, it still has significant untapped potential to contribute more to the economy and create jobs. Recent government initiatives have improved infrastructure, policies, and business regulations. However, industry leaders still seek further reforms in areas like labor laws and access to financing to help drive stronger growth. Adopting Industry 4.0 technologies could help boost productivity and competitiveness, but also risks disrupting jobs unless workers are retrained.
Standing up to Asian Competition - JHKCBA MontrealJHKCBA Montreal
JHKCBA McGill had the pleasure to invite Mr. Alain-Marie Carron, the Director at Secor Taktik, to share his views on the growing Chinese economy amidst this global economic restructuring. In recession, how do we leverage on opportunities available?
The document discusses globalization and its impact on the Indian economy. It notes that globalization has led to new trade and production patterns in India, with developing countries like India now able to produce finished goods rather than just exporting raw materials. It also discusses India's growing economy, with rising GDP, exports, FDI inflows, and per capita income. However, it notes India still faces challenges of unemployment and balancing economic growth with political demands.
China's GDP grew by 7.4% in the third quarter of 2012, representing a sharp slowdown from previous years. Growth has fallen below the target range of 9-10% due to factors such as falling exports and imports, a decline in industrial output, a collapse in real estate investment, and falling consumer prices. Unemployment remains low at 4.1% as China focuses on job creation. China runs a current account surplus equivalent to around 4% of its GDP and has large foreign exchange reserves of over $3 trillion. The government is focusing fiscal policy on tax cuts and spending on education, healthcare and social programs to boost domestic consumption.
Profiles of Iconic Fashion Personalities.pdfTTop Threads
The fashion industry is dynamic and ever-changing, continuously sculpted by trailblazing visionaries who challenge norms and redefine beauty. This document delves into the profiles of some of the most iconic fashion personalities whose impact has left a lasting impression on the industry. From timeless designers to modern-day influencers, each individual has uniquely woven their thread into the rich fabric of fashion history, contributing to its ongoing evolution.
AI Transformation Playbook: Thinking AI-First for Your BusinessArijit Dutta
I dive into how businesses can stay competitive by integrating AI into their core processes. From identifying the right approach to building collaborative teams and recognizing common pitfalls, this guide has got you covered. AI transformation is a journey, and this playbook is here to help you navigate it successfully.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
The Most Inspiring Entrepreneurs to Follow in 2024.pdfthesiliconleaders
In a world where the potential of youth innovation remains vastly untouched, there emerges a guiding light in the form of Norm Goldstein, the Founder and CEO of EduNetwork Partners. His dedication to this cause has earned him recognition as a Congressional Leadership Award recipient.
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
Discover timeless style with the 2022 Vintage Roman Numerals Men's Ring. Crafted from premium stainless steel, this 6mm wide ring embodies elegance and durability. Perfect as a gift, it seamlessly blends classic Roman numeral detailing with modern sophistication, making it an ideal accessory for any occasion.
https://rb.gy/usj1a2
Unlocking WhatsApp Marketing with HubSpot: Integrating Messaging into Your Ma...Niswey
50 million companies worldwide leverage WhatsApp as a key marketing channel. You may have considered adding it to your marketing mix, or probably already driving impressive conversions with WhatsApp.
But wait. What happens when you fully integrate your WhatsApp campaigns with HubSpot?
That's exactly what we explored in this session.
We take a look at everything that you need to know in order to deploy effective WhatsApp marketing strategies, and integrate it with your buyer journey in HubSpot. From technical requirements to innovative campaign strategies, to advanced campaign reporting - we discuss all that and more, to leverage WhatsApp for maximum impact. Check out more details about the event here https://events.hubspot.com/events/details/hubspot-new-delhi-presents-unlocking-whatsapp-marketing-with-hubspot-integrating-messaging-into-your-marketing-strategy/
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdownjeffkluth1
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
The APCO Geopolitical Radar - Q3 2024 The Global Operating Environment for Bu...APCO
The Radar reflects input from APCO’s teams located around the world. It distils a host of interconnected events and trends into insights to inform operational and strategic decisions. Issues covered in this edition include:
1. Upgrading the Chinese Economy
The Historic Transition from “Made in China” to ”Created in China”
June 23, 2010
Copyright 2010 SmithStreetSolutions. All rights reserved. 0
2. Table of Contents
1. What “Created in China” Means
2. Why China Must Create
3. Enablers of Chinese Creation
4. Challenges to Chinese Creation
5. Implications of “Created in China”
1
3. Quotes from Beijing’s 2005 China Economic Summit
I think now it’s time for Chinese companies to build their own brands.
I think now it’s time for Chinese companies to build their own brands.
The Chinese government should push healthy developments of the
The Chinese government should push healthy developments of the
economy.
economy.
Robert A. Mundell, winner of the 1999 Noble Prize in Economics
Robert A. Mundell, winner of the 1999 Noble Prize in Economics
Unique and creative designs will give China’s manufacturing a major
Unique and creative designs will give China’s manufacturing a major
boost and higher technological maturity will make Chinese products
boost and higher technological maturity will make Chinese products
more competitive.
more competitive.
Sir James Alexander Mirrlees, winner of the 1996 Noble Prize in Economics
Sir James Alexander Mirrlees, winner of the 1996 Noble Prize in Economics
Japanese products completed the transition from manufacturing to
Japanese products completed the transition from manufacturing to
creation in over 10 years, setting a good example for Chinese companies.
creation in over 10 years, setting a good example for Chinese companies.
This transition is necessary for the development of China’s
This transition is necessary for the development of China’s
manufacturing.
manufacturing.
John Forbes Nash, winner of the 1994 Noble Prize in Economics
John Forbes Nash, winner of the 1994 Noble Prize in Economics
2
4. What Makes Creation
Four basic elements are necessary for “creation” in the industrial sense to happen.
The difference between Manufacturing an
iPod and Creating an iPod
I. Sound Market Strategy
II. Smart Product Design
III. Successful Technology
IV. Shrewd Branding
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
3
5. Moving up the Value Chain
As a country’s economy transitions from basic manufacturing to innovation and
creation, it will see its industries moving up the value chain.
Case Study: The Rise of “Made in Japan”
In the 1970s, the image of Japanese brands in the
international market was defined by cheap price and
low cost
To move up the value chain, the Japanese government
did two things:
– The government stepped in to increase corporate
identity awareness among large Japanese
companies, and helped them establish their
Corporate Identity Strategies
– The government spent many resources to promote
demand for good design among consumers
Now Tokyo is one of the world’s leading innovation
capitals and “Made in Japan” is linked to high quality
and superior design
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
4
6. An Increasingly Important Service Sector
As an economy becomes more and more innovation- and creation-oriented, its
service industry becomes increasingly important.
Service Sector as a Percentage of Service Sector as a Percentage of
China’s GDP over Time GDP across Countries, 2007
100% 100%
90% 90%
80% 80%
70% 70% 68.9%, OECD Average
60% 60%
50% 50%
40% 40%
30% 30%
20% 20%
10% 10%
0% 0%
1982 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 China Korea Germany Japan UK US
Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China; OECD
5
7. Table of Contents
1. What “Created in China” Means
2. Why China Must Create
3. Enablers of Chinese Creation
4. Challenges to Chinese Creation
5. Implications of “Created in China”
6
8. The Maturing Chinese Manufacturing Industry
Since China’s opening-up, its manufacturing industry has made great
achievements and is now at the point to usher in a new era of innovation.
For the past 30 years, the CAGR of China’s trade volume was higher than the CAGR of
Player in Global
China’s GDP (17.4% vs. 15.6%). Now, China is the third largest trading nation and the
Trade world’s second largest exporter.
The World’s China has become an indispensable part of the international division of labor, with
manufactured goods making up 94.6% of China's total exports in 2008 compared with
Manufacturing the 1980’s 49.7%. China is a major global supplier of manufactured goods, and is no
Base longer a pure exporter of resources and primary products.
Strong Domestic China’s has a huge domestic market, superior infrastructure, and the world’s largest
Resource Base talent pool to match its titanic manufacturing capability.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China; Ministry of Commerce of China; WTO
7
9. The Currency Factor
With the trade surplus China has accumulated, the Renminbi is bound to
appreciate, which in turn creates an environment allowing China to upgrade its
manufacturing sector.
“The China Price“ in USD Technology Price in RMB
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
8
10. Trading Prices Down
The global financial crisis drives down the price of undifferentiated goods and
erodes the margins of low-end producers.
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
9
11. Rising Labor Costs
The new labor law introduced in China last year enhances rights for Chinese
workers and requires higher product prices to cover the raised production costs.
Source: Ministry of Labor and Social Security of China
10
12. Environmental Concerns
China’s traditional low-end manufacturing has been developed at the cost of the
deterioration of the environment, and is unsustainable given the sheer size of the
country’s capacity.
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
11
13. Table of Contents
1. What “Created in China” Means
2. Why China Must Create
3. Enablers of Chinese Creation
4. Challenges to Chinese Creation
5. Implications of “Created in China”
12
14. Government Support
The Chinese government has taken the upgrading of the country’s industries
seriously and industrial technological advancement has been a repeated focus of
recent government guidelines.
“Optimizing and upgrading industrial structure” is one of the major goals in China’s
Five-Year Plan for the 2006 – 2010 period, ratified by National People’s Congress in 2006
The Guideline for the National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology
Development Plan (2006-2020) issued later by the State Council echoes the principles of
the Five-Year Plan
Source: Gov.cn
13
15. China Is Building its Financial Infrastructure
China is steadily building up the soundness of its financial system, against the
background of an upgrading manufacturing sector.
In December of 2008, the
China Banking Regulatory
Commission (CBRC) issued a
guideline allowing Chinese
Encouraging Yuan- banks to grant loans to
Dominated Funds enterprises, not excluding
foreign holding companies or
Private Equity, to acquire the
The Red Chip Model used to equity and assets of a target
provide an exit strategy for firm
dollar dominated funds’ Pushing Away Dollar-
China investments Denominated Funds Primarily triggered by this
new guideline, we have seen a
The Chinese government’s recent hustle of foreign PE
2006 M&A regulations firms trying to set up Yuan-
effectively froze approvals denominated funds in China
for overseas listings and
hampered the exit of foreign
venture investors
Source: Ministry of Commerce of China; China Banking Regulatory Commission
14
16. Relatively Cheaper US Assets
US assets are relatively cheaper due to falling US equity and the rising value of
the RMB.
Falling US Equity Appreciating RMB
RMB/USD
Exchange Rate
0.150
0.145
0.140
0.135
0.130
0.125
0.120
7/1/2005
10/1/2005
1/1/2006
4/1/2006
7/1/2006
10/1/2006
1/1/2007
4/1/2007
7/1/2007
10/1/2007
1/1/2008
4/1/2008
7/1/2008
10/1/2008
The Chinese Yuan has appreciated
The Chinese Yuan has appreciated
Both the S&P500 and Dow Jones have
Both the S&P500 and Dow Jones have 20.9% since the RMB was unpegged
20.9% since the RMB was unpegged
fallen over 25% in the past year.
fallen over 25% in the past year. from the USD in July of 2005.*
from the USD in July of 2005.*
*Note: Calculated based on the change from the original pegged price of 0.121 RMB/USD to 0.1463 RMB/USD on 12/17/09.
Source: Bloomberg; Oanda.com
15
17. China’s Cash Holdings
China’s foreign exchange reserve has been growing rapidly in recent years.
China’s Foreign Exchange Reserves
USD Bn
2,000
1,800
1,600
%
1,400 = 29.7
C AGR
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Source: State Administration of Foreign Exchange
16
18. Inbound M&A Moving Toward Value-added Industries
Foreign investments in higher value-added industries are growing faster than
investments in traditional enterprises.
China Inbound M&A 2004 China Inbound M&A 2007
Social
Services, 3%
Real Estate,
5%
Social
Services, 12%
Real Estate,
Finance &
Finance & 14%
Insurance,
Insurance,
28%
1%
Manufacturing, 50%
Manufacturing, 64%
IT, 11%
IT, 0% Retail, 2%
Transport &
Retail, 0% Logistics,
10%
Transport &
Logistics, 0%
Total = RMB 4.67 billion Total = RMB 10.47 billion
Source: China Mergers & Acquisitions Yearbook 2005, 2008
17
19. Table of Contents
1. What “Created in China” Means
2. Why China Must Create
3. Enablers of Chinese Creation
4. Challenges to Chinese Creation
5. Implications of “Created in China”
18
20. Intellectual Property Protection
To boost innovation, China has to enhance its anonymous intellectual property
protection.
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
19
21. Education System
China’s education system focuses more on memorization than on innovation ,
which can be a drawback in creating an innovative environment.
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
20
22. Distorted Financing Channels
In spite of the high amount of bad assets in China’s banking system, Small- and
Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), the major driver of innovation and creation in
China, find it very difficult to get loans from banks.
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
21
23. Quality Control
China’s reputation for poor quality products and the compete-on-price mindset of
Chinese manufacturers could stand in the way of China’s moving up towards
creation and innovation.
Recent product and food safety
Recent product and food safety
scandals have only worsened
scandals have only worsened
China’s reputation for poor
China’s reputation for poor
quality goods
quality goods
Source: SmithStreet Analysis; Amazon.com
22
24. Branding
Chinese companies traditionally focus on increasing sales and market share, and
have been reluctant to make long-term investments in intangible areas such as
brand building.
While the value of luxury brands is well understood, the
While the value of luxury brands is well understood, the
mentality that a brand is only a ‘name-on-a-box’ is still
mentality that a brand is only a ‘name-on-a-box’ is still
common among manufacturers
common among manufacturers
Source: SmithStreet Analysis and Primary Research
23
25. Table of Contents
1. What “Created in China” Means
2. Why China Must Create
3. Enablers of Chinese Creation
4. Challenges to Chinese Creation
5. Implications of “Created in China”
24
26. Increased Outbound M&A
In 2008, China’s overseas investment doubled to $52.2 billion, a figure that has
already been surpassed this year due in large part to surging outbound M&A.
Outbound M&A Deal Value
USD Bn
60
50
%
= 97.3
40 CAGR
30
20
10
0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Outbound M&A will increase as Chinese manufacturing continues to move
Outbound M&A will increase as Chinese manufacturing continues to move
up the value chain and weans itself from price-based competition.
up the value chain and weans itself from price-based competition.
Source: China Ministry of Commerce; Thomson Reuters
25
27. An Emerging Group of Chinese Brands
With Chinese manufacturers’ awareness of branding aroused and more attention
being paid to product design and innovation, we expect a group of Chinese
brands to achieve global recognition in the next 10 years.
More Chinese brands, other
The rise of Japanese
than Lenovo and Haier, will
brands started in
enter global customers’
the 1970s.
horizons in the years to come.
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
A group of Korean
brands began to take
off in the late 1990s.
Leading Chinese Brands
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
26
28. The Renminbi as a Global Reserve Currency
As China’s manufacturing moves up the value chain and Chinese producers are no
longer competing on a cost basis, the Renminbi’s lack of free convertibility, a major
impediment to becoming a global reserve currency, will gradually disappear.
Source: SmithStreet Analysis
27