2. Solar Turbines 2
Overhead Lifting Safety
You are responsible for:
1) Your Safety
2) Co-worker’s Safety
3) Care of the equipment
All Employees that operate cranes must be
authorized to do so.
3. Solar Turbines 3
Overhead Lifting Safety
A safe lift requires
safe equipment &
trained personnel
Inspection of
Equipment is
Essential !!
CRANE
HOIST
SLING
LIFTING FIXTURE
HOOK
SHACKLES
EYEBOLTS, ETC.
4. Solar Turbines 4
Why and When to Inspect a
Crane?
When???
» Start of each shift the crane is
used
–Log must be completed
Why???
» Safety
» CalOSHA Requirement
5. Solar Turbines 5
Sling Inspections
What to Look For?
Wire Rope Slings
Chain Slings
Nylon Slings
6. Solar Turbines 6
SLINGS
If you need to replace a lifting device:
» Remove it from service.
» DO NOT cut it up or throw it away.
» Follow your department process
Storage
» Hung in a designated, accessible location
– Allows for easy inspection
– Keeps them clean
– Prolongs their useful life
7. Solar Turbines 7
Shackles & Eyebolts
Shackles
» Working Load
Limit (WLL)
» Matched set
with pin or bolt
» Never use a
regular bolt
» Never use with
another pin
Eyebolts
» Shoulder-type
– Orientation
» Non-shoulder
type
» Swivel Type
8. Solar Turbines 8
Overhead Lifting Safety
When using a crane:
» Know the weight of the part
» Ensure equipment rating to perform lift
» Know how to operate equipment safely
» Properly plan and execute lift
» Stop and get help if necessary
9. Solar Turbines 9
Safety When Lifting
Plan the lift
Know the weight
Clear travel path
Proper rigging
Hook over CG
Balance the load
Test lift the load
Lift load only as high as
necessary
Use a Tag Line for
larger objects
After lift, park hoist,
hook, and pendant
control in safe location
Check for damage
10. Solar Turbines 10
Overhead Lifting Safety
Report Incidents and Near-Misses
to Supervisor
Supervisor investigates
Supervisor completes Form 3394
or 2029 and submits to Safety
11. Solar Turbines 11
NEVER...
Exceed Crane Capacity
Side Load a Crane
Shock Load a Crane
Adjust, Modify, Service, or
Repair a Crane Yourself
12. Solar Turbines 12
NEVER...
Lift Load Above Personnel
Work Under Load
Leave a Suspended Load
Unattended
Ride a Load
Tip Load a Hook
Become Distracted
14. Solar Turbines 14
Overhead Lifting
RESPECT the Hazards
Be EDUCATED on your Equipment
Establish SAFETY as the 1st Priority
You Are In Control !
Editor's Notes
This training is designed to touch on the high points of crane operation and lifting device use. It can go into as much depth as the presenter wants, by adding hot topics and additional material, or can be used as is.
Crane operators are responsible for their own safety, their coworkers safety, and care of the equipment during any lift. Remember to warn coworkers in the way of the lift, to keep pedestrians from entering the area of a lift, and to use the equipment the way it was designed to be used.
Employees must attend crane safety class and be shown how to operate the crane in their work areas before they are authorized to use a crane.
Every element of a lift must be inspected prior to use. Remember it is just as important to inspect your lifting gear as it is to inspect the crane itself.
The lift is only as strong as the weakest link, and if any equipment fails during the lift then personnel and property are jeopardized.
Never use equipment that fails an inspection.
The presenter should go over some of the points to inspect on each of the equipment listed above and mention any potential areas of concern in their work areas.
The presenter should go over the procedure for inspecting cranes in their areas(where the inspection sheets are located, expectation that all cranes will be inspected prior to use) and the procedures for contacting Maintenance if a crane is disqualified from use.
It probably would be helpful to make an overhead of a crane inspection sheet to illustrate the requirements of a crane inspection. Copies of blank crane inspection sheets can be found in the back of the MESH manual.
Refer to the “Lifting device Inspection Criteria” included with training and briefly go over it.
The presenter should give each employee a copy, and briefly answer questions.
Outline your departments procedures for replacing lifting devices. Some departments rely on their tool cribs for orderly new equipment and some require employees to contact Maintenance directly.
Slings should be hung up out of the way and be out of the weather.
Proper storage of lifting devices, when not in use, will prolong their useful lives and makes it easy for someone to inspect the sling before use.
Shackles:
Working Load limit is embossed on them. Pins and shackles come as a matched set from the factory and should be used that way. If regular bolts are used in place of the shackle pin or bolt, failure could occur.
Eyebolts:
Shoulder type can be used for side pulls and must be in the same plane as the pull. Side pulls will lower the WLL of an eyebolt by 75% at 90 degrees. Shoulder must be down on the surface and screwed in 1 1/2 times the diameter of the shaft of the bolt.
Unshouldered eyebolts are for vertical lifting only. WLL is reduced by 97% for a 90 degree side pull.
Swivel type are very versatile and are rated for a full 180 degrees of pull. They will self-orient in the direction of lift.
All operators need to know a few basic things when they are lifting an object. The most important things to know are the weight of the object and the capacity of the crane and rigging. Ask the class if they know where to find this information.
Employees should know that if they are not sure if a lift is safe, they should seek assistance.
Employees should plan in advance any lift
They should know the weight or where to find it.
The travel path should be clear of obstructions
Certain types of rigging should be used for specific applications
The hook should be over the center of gravity of the object and the crane cable should be 90 degrees from horizontal.
All loads should be balanced and level
Test lifting a load consists of rigging the load and lifting it slowly to determine if the rigging is adequate.
Loads should not be lifted beyond the necessary height to move them.
Tag lines allow time to get out of the way if something goes wrong during the lift. Always give yourself an “out”.
Parking the crane and pendant control in an area that is out of the way prevents somebody from running into it.
Always check the rigging and crane after the lift for any damage
All near hit incidents should be reported immediately to Management.
All incidents should be investigated immediately and corrective action taken.
Exceeding the lifting capacity of the crane could cause serious injuries
Side loading occurs when the crane cable is used to drag an object or the crane cable lifts an object that is not directly under the hoist.
Shock loading occurs by lifting an object very quickly and sometimes causes damage to the crane.
The Crane Team from Maintenance are the only personnel authorized to repair or modify a crane.
Always give your coworkers plenty of warning when you are about to lift an object, even a small one. Give them time to get out of the way and never pass an object over someone or allow them to walk under a suspended object.
If it is required to work under or near a suspended load, then adequate additional safety devices should be used such as metal horses or custom bracing. The crane should remain attached to the object for added safety.
Loads should be lowered to the floor as soon as possible and not left in the air for someone or something to run into.
Riding loads is prohibited
Tip loading occurs when the eye of a sling is too small for the crane hook. All rigging should be seated in the bowl of the hook with the safety catch engaged.
Becoming distracted when using a crane usually results in injury or property damage.The presenter should use examples from the shop to illustrate this point. Operators should be aware of the direction the crane is moving, the buttons they are pressing, and the position of rigging at all times.
Cranes or rigging that do not pass inspection should not be used.
Any sling that has been tied in a knot should be replaced…you be be unable to determine how this sling has been used or the nature of the forces that have acted upon it…therefore it should be replaced immediately.
Gently move the pendant control to an area that is out of the way. Throwing the pendant out of the way could damage it or hit someone.
The presenter should ask the employees if they have any questions.
