The document outlines various educational philosophies, including essentialism, progressivism, perennialism, behaviorism, linguistic philosophy, and constructivism, evaluating their core tenets through a series of yes/no questions. It highlights key distinctions, such as the emphasis on societal reconstruction in essentialism versus student interests in progressivism. Additionally, it categorizes various theories of man according to these philosophies, providing an 'answer key' for clarity.

1. Part I.
DIRECTION:
Understanding the Philosophies.
Answer each with a YES or NO. If your
answer is NO, explain your answer in a
sentence.

2. Essentialism
________1. Do essentialists aim to teach students to
reconstruct society?
________2. Is the model citizen of the essentialist the
citizen who contributes to the re-building of society?
________3. Do the essentialist teachers give up
teaching the basics if the students are not interested?
________4. Do the essentialist teachers frown on long
academic calendar and core requirements?

3. Progressivism
_______1. Do the progressivist teachers look at
education as a preparation for adult life?
________2. Are the students' interests and needs
considered in a progressivist curriculum?
________3. Does the progressivist curriculum focus
mainly on facts and concepts?
________4. Do the progressivist teachers strive to
simulate in the classroom life in the outside world?

4. Perennialism
________1. Are the perennialist teachers concerned with
the students mastery of the fundamental skills?
________2. Do the perennialist teachers see the wisdom
of ancient, medieval and modern times?
________3. Is the perennialist curriculum geared towards
specialization?
________4. Do the perennialist teachers sacrifice subject
matter for the sake of students interests?

5. Behaviorism
________1. Are behaviorists concerned with the
modification of students' behavior?
________2. Do behaviorist teachers spend their time
teaching their students on how to respond favorably to
various environmental stimuli?
________3. Do behaviorist teachers believe they have
control over some variables that affect learning?
________4. Do behaviorist teachers believe that students
are a product of their environment?

6. Linguistic Philosophy
________1. Do linguistic philosophers promote the study
of language?
________2. Is the communication that linguistic
philosophers encourage limited to verbal language
only?
________3. Do linguistic philosophers prefer the teacher
who dominates discussion to save time to a teacher
who encourages dialogue?
________4. Is the curriculum of the linguistic philosopher
open to the learning of as many languages, like Mother
Tongue, as possible?

7. Constructivism
________1. Does the constructivist agree to a teaching
methodology of "telling?“
________2. Do constructivists believe that students can
construct knowledge?
________3. Do constructivists approve of teaching
learners the skill to learn?
________4. Do constructivists believe that meaning can
be imposed?

8. Part II.
DIRECTION:
To which philosophy does each theory
of man belong?

9. ________ 1. is a product of his environment.
________ 2. has no universal nature.
________ 3. has rational and moral powers.
________ 4. has no choice; he is determined by
his environment.
________ 5. can choose what he can become..
________ 6. is a complex combination of matter
that responds to physical stimuli
A person:

10. ________ 7. has no free will.
________ 8. has the same essential nature with
others. has the same essential nature
with others.
________ 9. is a rational animal.
________ 10. First exists then defines him/herself
________ 11. is a social animal who learns well
through an active interplay with others
________ 12. is a communicating being.
A person:

11. ________ 13. Is a maker of meaning
________ 14. A constructor of knowledge
A person:

12. Essentialism
________1. Do essentialists aim to teach students to
reconstruct society?
________2. Is the model citizen of the essentialist the
citizen who contributes to the re-building of society?
________3. Do the essentialist teachers give up
teaching the basics if the students are not interested?
________4. Do the essentialist teachers frown on long
academic calendar and core requirements?
NO
NO
NO
NO

13. Progressivism
_______1. Do the progressivist teachers look at
education as a preparation for adult life?
________2. Are the students' interests and needs
considered in a progressivist curriculum?
________3. Does the progressivist curriculum focus
mainly on facts and concepts?
________4. Do the progressivist teachers strive to
simulate in the classroom life in the outside world?
NO
YES
NO
YES

14. Perennialism
________1. Are the perennialist teachers concerned with
the students mastery of the fundamental skills?
________2. Do the perennialist teachers see the wisdom
of ancient, medieval and modern times?
________3. Is the perennialist curriculum geared towards
specialization?
________4. Do the perennialist teachers sacrifice subject
matter for the sake of students interests?
NO
YES
NO
NO

15. Behaviorism
________1. Are behaviorists concerned with the
modification of students' behavior?
________2. Do behaviorist teachers spend their time
teaching their students on how to respond favorably to
various environmental stimuli?
________3. Do behaviorist teachers believe they have
control over some variables that affect learning?
________4. Do behaviorist teachers believe that students
are a product of their environment?
YES
YES
YES
YES

16. Linguistic Philosophy
________1. Do linguistic philosophers promote the study
of language?
________2. Is the communication that linguistic
philosophers encourage limited to verbal language
only?
________3. Do linguistic philosophers prefer the teacher
who dominates discussion to save time to a teacher
who encourages dialogue?
________4. Is the curriculum of the linguistic philosopher
open to the learning of as many languages, like Mother
Tongue, as possible?
YES
NO
NO
YES

17. Constructivism
________1. Does the constructivist agree to a teaching
methodology of "telling?“
________2. Do constructivists believe that students can
construct knowledge?
________3. Do constructivists approve of teaching
learners the skill to learn?
________4. Do constructivists believe that meaning can
be imposed?
YES
YES
NO
NO

18. ANSWER KEY:
1 Behaviorism
2 Existentialism
3 Essentialism and/or
Perennialism
4 Behaviorism
5 Existentialism
6 Behaviorism
7 Behaviorism
8 Perennialism
9 Essentialism and/or
Perennialism
10 Existentialism
11 Progressivism
12 Linguistic Philosophy
13 Constructivism
14 Constructivism