This document presents an agenda on the topic of corruption, including definitions of macro-level corruption, micro-level corruption, nepotism, and causes of corruption. Macro-level corruption includes bribery, nepotism, fraud, and embezzlement by public officials. Micro-level corruption refers to administrative, political, grand, petty, and public corruption. Nepotism provides advantages like maintaining family businesses and startups, but can also foster corruption, incompetence, and undermine leadership. The document outlines strategies for dealing with nepotism, such as documenting incidents, anti-nepotism policies, and transparent promotional structures.

1. Presented By:
Qasim Hassan ……………. 02-132182-028
M Haseeb Aslam ……………. 02-132182-013
M Aamir Khan ……………. 02-132182-029

2. Agenda
01 What is corruption.
02 Macro Level Corruption ?
03 Micro Level Corruption ?
04 Causes of Corruption
05 Nepotism ( Advantages & Disadvantages )

3. Corruption:
Corruption is a form of dishonesty or a criminal offense
which is undertaken by a person or an organization which is
entrusted with a position of authority, in order to acquire illicit
benefits or abuse power for one's personal gain.
Corruption During British Rule :
• Inherited feudal system given by British
• Deserving people were not also getting their deserved
position.
• Increasing the burden of taxes for the queen on the faces of
famine and hunger.

4. (MACRO) LEVEL CORRUPTION
• Bribery
An officer of money or favors to influence
public officer.
• Nepotism
Favoritism shown by public officials to
relative or close friends.
• Fraud
Cheating government through deceit.
• Embezzlement
Stealing government money & property.

5. (MICRO) LEVEL CORRUPTION
• Administrative corruption
• Political corruption
• Grand corruption
• Petty corruption
• Public corruption

19. What is Nepotism?
Nepotism is based on favoritism granted to relatives in various fields, including business, politics,
entertainment, sports, religion and other activities.

20. Advantages Of Nepotism
Family Business: Private enterprises often resort to hiring family members and
other relatives to maintain secrecy and preserve what they consider as a family
legacy.
Startups: Nepotism can help speed up the creation and operation of a startup
business because working with familiar people can promote efficiency.
Hiring and Retention: Time and cost of hiring relatives are lesser. Furthermore, in
properly managed organizations, absenteeism and turnover rates are low.
Knowledge Management: knowledge can be transferred and secured efficiently
when passed down to familiar people such as family members.

21. Disadvantages of Nepotism
Promotes Corruption: Both in politics and workplace, family members can foster
connivance that facilitates corrupt practices.
Authoritarian Leadership: Having a leader surrounded mostly by people familiar to
him or her can enable authoritarian leader. Note that this type of leadership has its
pros and cons depending on the situation.
Organizational Incompetency: Nepotism means hiring people based primarily on
kinship and not on actual abilities and potential contribution to the organization.
These can harm the competency of the organization.
Harms Leadership: Family members can undermine authority by using connection
and number to scheme against their leaders. These members can also exert their
familial connections and entitlement toward non-relative authorities.

22. Disadvantages of Nepotism Cont.…
Effects of Family Problems: In an organization composed primarily of people who
are related to one another, problems within the family can leak further to the
organization. It can be impossible to separate family affairs with organizational
affairs.
Organizational Politics: Like connivance against leaders, relatives in an
organization can resort to power play to undermine non-relatives, advance their own
interests, and neglect their responsibilities.
Hinders Growth: A general disadvantage of nepotism is that it can hamper the
growth or progress of an organization due to workforce incompetency, harms on
leadership, and the possibility of corruption, among others.

23. Dealing With Nepotism In The Workplace
The first and perhaps most important step is determining whether you
are experiencing or seeing nepotism in your workplace.
Q: Is it that other individuals are experiencing an unfair level of
favoritism or is that person genuinely qualified for that promotion?
A: If there are clear signs of nepotism make sure that you approach this
problem carefully. A wrong approach - i.e., storming into your manager's
office - is not advised. Make your strategy for dealing with it clearly
documented and easy for employees and managers to work with.

24. Here Are A Few Advisable Strategies:
• Make Sure To Document Specific Incidents.
• Talk It Through with A Confidential Individual At The Organization
• Gather Others' Experiences And Opinions
• Behave Professionally
.

25. Anti-nepotism Policies: Anti-nepotism policies restrict related individuals from
working in the same department or company. Employees who adopt these policies
need to state the cases which concern nepotism.
Create viable communication channels
Organizations may be committing nepotism without even realizing it! Provide
employees with proper communication to discuss where nepotistic biases may lie
in the company
Develop A Viable internal Promotional Structure For Relatives And Friends:
friend and family members with the opportunity to demonstrate their skills and as
to why they may deserve a promotion in the future.

26. THANK YOU