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LEARN ABOUT ISLAM
(BASIC GUIDELINES FOR NEW MUSLIMS)
Written by:
MAIL OF ISLAM TEAM
Published by:
MAIL OF ISLAM PUBLICATION
ENGLISH DIVISION

PUBLISHER'S NOTE
Assalamu Alaikum Dear Readers,
MAIL OF ISLAM PUBLICATION is the official publication of MAIL OF ISLAM TM
MAIL OF ISLAM TM (MOI) is a non-profit, non-political Islamic Organization. It was
founded in 2008 with the aim of spreading the teachings of Islam to Muslims and Non-
Muslims, working for the peace and the love in the humanity and working for the
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We, MAIL OF ISLAM PUBLICATION, are responsible for the production of Islamic
books in various languages. As such, we happy to release the book “LEARN ABOUT
ISLAM" in English language which has been written by our authors panel as a guideline
for the new Muslim brothers and sisters to understand and learn about Islam.
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English Division
MAIL OF ISLAM PUBLICATION
25 April 2013
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CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION TO ISLAM 07
1.1 WHAT IS ISLAM 07
1.2 WHO IS A MUSLIM? 07
1.3 WORLD MUSLIM POPULATION STATISTICS (2010 ESTIMATION)
1.4 IS ISLAM A NEW RELIGION? 09
2. FUNDAMENTALS OF ISLAM 10
2.1 BASIS OF ISLAM 10
2.2 FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM 10
2.3 FAITH (IMAAN & KALIMA) 11
2.3.1 WHAT IS FAITH (IMAAN)? 11
2.3.2 WHAT IS KALIMAH? 11
2.3.3 BELIEF IN ALLAH ALMIGHTY 12
2.3.4 BELIEF IN THE ANGELS 14
2.3.5 BELIEF IN THE BOOKS 15
2.3.6 BELIEF IN THE PROPHETS 16
2.3.7 BELIEF IN THE DAY OF JUDGMENT 18
2.3.8 BELIEF IN DESTINY 19
2.4 WHAT IS PRAYERS 19
2.5 WHAT IS FASTING? 20
2.6 WHAT IS ZAKAT? 20
2.7 WHAT IS HAJJ? 20

3. SHARIAH & AQEEDAH & TASAWWUF 21
3.1 SHARIAH 21
3.2 AQEEDAH 21
3.3 TASAWWUF (SUFISM) 21
3.4 SIMPLE EXAMPLE FOR SHARIAH - AQEEDAH – TASAWWUF22
4. SOURCES OF SHARIAH (ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE) 24
4.1 WHAT IS AL QURAN? 24
4.2 WHAT IS AL HADITH? 25
4.3 WHAT IS IJMA? 25
4.4 WHAT IS QIYAS? 26
5. SCHOOLS IN ISLAM 27
5.1 DO SCHOOLS DIVIDE MUSLIM COMMUNITY? 27
5.2 SCHOOLS OF JURISPRUDENCE (MADHAB) 28
5.2.1 WHAT IS MADHAB? 28
5.2.2 WHICH MADHAB DO I WANT TO FOLLOW? 28
5.3 SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY (AQEEDAH) 29
5.3.1 WHAT IS ISLAMIC THEOLOGY? 29
5.4 SCHOOLS OF SPIRITUALITY (SUFISM) 30
5.4.1 WHAT IS SUFISM? 30
5.4.2 WHICH TARIQA DO I WANT TO FOLLOW? 31
5.5 WHO IS A PERFECT MUSLIM? 31
ATTACHMENT 1 AL HASMA AL HUSNAA - 99 NAMES OF ALLAH 32

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION TO ISLAM
1.1 WHAT IS ISLAM?
Islam, the word has two meanings:
1. Peace
2. Submission
Islam teaches that one can only find peace in one's life in this world and the hereafter by
submitting to Almighty God (Allah) in heart, soul and deed. It means voluntary surrender
to the Will of Allah and obedience to His commands. Allah, also, an Arabic word, is the
unique name of God. Muslims prefer to use Allah rather than God.
Further Islam is not just a religion. In its fullest form, it is a complete, total, 100 percent
system of life. It teaches every aspects of life such as legal, political, economic, social and
family life.
1.2 WHO IS A MUSLIM?
A person who believes in and consciously follows Islam, i.e. believe in Allah, the only
God and follow his messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him), is called Muslim.
The word Muslim also came from the same root word. So, the religion is called "Islam,"
and a person who believes in and follows it is a "Muslim."
1.3 WORLD MUSLIM POPULATION STATISTICS (2010 ESTIMATION)
Total world population – Approx. 6.9 billion
Total Muslim population – Approx. 1.6 billion
It differs according to each organization's census estimation.
According to the reports of Pew Research Center, the world Muslim population for 2010
was approx. 1.6 billion, 23% of world total population.
According to the report of Houssain Kettani, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, San
Juan, Puerto Rico, USA, the world Muslim population for 2010 was Approx. 1.65 billion,
24% of world total population.

Out of total Muslims,
Sunni Muslims are 87% to 90%
Shia Muslims are 10% to 13%
 Muslims live in all five continents of the world.
 Out of total world Muslim population, approx. 62% of Muslims live in Asian
continent.
 Out of total world Muslim population, approx. 20% of Muslims live in Middle East
and North Africa.
 Out of total world Muslim population, approx. 16% of Muslims live in Sub-Saharan
Africa.
 Out of total world Muslim population, more than 66% of Muslims live in 10 countries.
Those are: Indonesia, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Egypt, Iran, Turkey,
Algeria, and Morocco.
 Approx. 27% of Muslims live in the countries where Islam is the Minority.
 Indonesia is the country with the world’s largest Muslim population (209 million);
about 13% of all Muslims in the world live in Indonesia.
 Out of the 232 countries and territories, 49 are Muslim-majority countries.
 The first ten countries with largest Muslim population.
Country Number of Muslims
Indonesia 209 million
India 176 million
Pakistan 167 million
Bangladesh 134 million
Nigeria 77 million
Egypt 77 million
Iran 74 million
Turkey 71 million
Algeria 35 million
Morocco 32 million
Data Source : PEW RESEARCH CENTER, (The Global Religious Landscape - A Report on the
Size and Distribution of the World’s Major Religious Groups as of 2010)

1.4 IS ISLAM A NEW RELIGION?
No. some might think that Islam is a new religion which was started with the beloved
Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). That is wrong.
According to Islam, Allah Almighty created Adam (Peace be upon him), the first man,
and he was a Prophet. The fundamental message what he propagated to his nation was
the same as of our beloved Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon
him). That is, do not worship anything except Allah Almighty. Obey to his commands,
etc. The same message was propagated by each prophets who were sent before to the
beloved Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). However, the
divine law and instructions revealed to each prophet and each nation were different.
Each prophet was sent with the divine law or instructions to a particular nation. It was
not valid to other nations or other generations. However, the beloved Prophet
Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is the last messenger and seal of
the all the prophets. Allah Almighty completed the Religion of Islam through him. Al
Quran, the final scripture which was revealed to the beloved Prophet Muhammad
(Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has the complete set of instructions to whole
mankind until the Day of Judgment.
Accordingly, Islam is the complete religion which testifies all the previous prophets and
believes in one God Almighty.
QUICK FACTS
Alhamdulillah! Islam is the fastest growing religion in the
world, especially in Europe and America.
More than 100,000 Britons have converted to Islam. The
figure has almost doubled in ten years. Around 5,200
Britons have adopted Islam only in year 2010. Nearly two-
thirds were women, more than 70 per cent were white
and the average age at conversion was 27
********************************************
“And Allah calls (people) towards Darus Salam (the Home of
Peace), and guides whom He wills to the straight path”
Holy Quran 10: 25

CHAPTER 2 - FUNDAMENTALS OF ISLAM
2.1 BASIS OF ISLAM
"La ilaha illallaahu Muhammadur Rasoolullah"
Trans: There is no God but Allah, Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be
upon him) is the messenger of Allah.
According to the above statement, every Muslim must believe Allah Almighty as the one
and only God and must worship him alone. Further, Muslims must believe Prophet
Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) as the final messenger of Allah
and follow him in every aspects of life. Every Muslim should love Allah Almighty and his
beloved Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) more than his
soul, parents, kids and anything. That is compulsory for every Muslim.
Also every Muslim must believe all the previous Prophets who were sent by Allah
Almighty before to the beloved Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be
upon him). Hence, Muslims believe, accept and respect all the Prophets like Adam,
Noah, Abraham, Moses, David and Jesus (Peace be upon them). But Muslims never
worship them as what Jewish and Christians do, because they are not God but the
prophets of God.
2.2 FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM
Five pillars are the five practices essential to
every Muslims. If a person becomes a
Muslim, these five practices become
obligatory upon him, provided if he fulfills
the certain conditions in case of certain
practices.
1. Faith (Imaan or Kalima)
2. The Prayer (Salat)
3. The Fasting (Sawm)
4. The Compulsory Charity (Zakat)
5. The Pilgrimage (Hajj)

2.3 FAITH (IMAAN & KALIMA)
2.3.1 WHAT IS FAITH (IMAAN)?
Imaan is the base of Islam. Without Imaan whatever good deeds a person does, will not
be accepted by Almighty Allah. We can see today many people feeding food to poor,
caring orphans and orphanages, providing the medical and all types of assistance to
needy. However, these all merits will be nullified due to his unbelief. If the pot is
unclean, whatever Milk you pour into it also will become unclean.
Hence, every Muslim must believe 6 things in Islam. If he refutes to believe even one of
them, he will not be considered as a Muslim.
Those are:
1. Belief in Allah
2. Belief in Angels
3. Belief in Scriptures
4. Belief in Prophets
5. Belief in "Day of Judgment”
6. Belief in Divine Decree
2.3.2 WHAT IS KALIMAH?
Kalimah is the statement (words) which testifies the belief of Islam. There are 5 kalimah
in Islam.
1. Kalimah Thoiba
Laa ilaaha illallaahu Muhammadur Rasoolullaah
(Trans: There is no god but Allah, Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) is the
messenger of Allah)
2. Kalimah Shahaada
Ash-hadu an-laa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahoo laa shareeka lahoo, wa ash-hadu anna
Muhammadan abduhoo wa rasooluh
(Trans: I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship besides Allah. He is alone. He
has no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger)

3. Kalimah Thamjeed
Subhaanallaahi wal hamdulillaahi wa laa ilaaha illallaahu wallaahu Akbar, wa laa hawla
walaa quwwata illaa billaahil aliyyil adheem
(Trans: Glory be to Allah. All praise be to Allah. There is none worthy of worship besides
Allah and Allah is the Gratest. There is no power and might except from Allah, the Most
High, the Great)
4. Kalimah Tawheed
Laa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahoo laa shareeka lah. Lahul mulk, wa lahul hamd, yuhyiy wa
yumeet biyadihil khayr wa huwa alaa kulli shay-in qadeer
(Trans: There is none worthy of worship besides Allah who is alone. He has no partner.
For him is the Kingdom, and for Him is all praise. He gives life and causes death. In His
hand is all good. And He has power over everything)
5. Kalimah Radd Kufr
Allaahumma inniy a’oodhu bika min an ushrika bika shay-an wa ana a’alamu bihi wa
astaghfiruka lima laa a’alamu bih. Tubtu anhu wa tabarratu minal kufri wash-shirki wal
kizbi wal ma’aasi kullihaa aslamtu wa aamantu wa aqoolu laa ilaaha illallaahu
Muhammadur rasoolullah
(Trans: O Allah, surely I do seek refuge in You from knowingly associating any partner
with You, I beg Your forgiveness for the sin from which I am not aware of, I repent it and
I declare myself free from infidelity, polytheism (associating any partner with Allah),
telling lies and all other sins. I accept Islam and believe and declare that there is none
worthy of worship besides Allah and Muhammad [sallallaahu alayhi wasallam] is the
messenger of Allah.
2.3.3 BELIEF IN ALLAH
Allah is the unique name of God. Muslims prefer to use Allah rather than God. Allah is
the only God, all-powerful and all-knowing creator, sustainer, ordainer and judge of the
universe. He is unique (wahid) and inherently one (ahad), all-merciful and omnipotent.

Allah says in Al Quran about him:
(O Esteemed Messenger!) Proclaim: ‘He is Allah, Who is the One. Allah is the
Transcendent of all, the Protector and Far-Superior to all. He has not begotten any, nor
is He begotten. Nor is there anyone equal to Him.’
(Al Quran 112: 1-4)
It is the fundamental belief of the Muslims that Allah does not resemble anything. He
does not have body, face, hands, legs or any other parts. But He sees without the eyes.
He hears without the ears. He exists without a place. According to Al Quran, "No vision
can grasp Him, but His grasp is over all vision. God is above all comprehension, yet is
acquainted with all things"
(Al Quran 6:103)
Allah created whole universe and all the creatures by his command “Kun” means “Be”.
According to Al Quran,
“(He is the) Originator of the heavens and the earth. When He decides a matter, He
simply says to it: “Be”, and it comes to be.”
(Al Quran 2: 117)
Further Allah says that the purpose of human creation is to worship him.
“I did not create the Jinns and the human beings except for the purpose that they should
worship Me.”
(Al Quran 51: 56)
There are 99 Names of Allah which is called as “al hasma al husnaa” means "The
beautiful names". Each of which evoke a distinct characteristic of Allah. All these names
refer to Allah, the supreme and all-comprehensive divine name. Among the 99 names of
God, the most famous and most frequent of these names are "the Merciful" (ar-raḥman)
and "the Compassionate" (ar-raḥim).
Please see the ATTACHMENT 1 to learn “AL HASMA AL HUSNAA - 99 NAMES OF ALLAH”

2.3.4 BELIEF IN ANGELS
Belief in the angels is the part of faith of Islam. The Arabic word for angel is malaak.
Angels were created from light.
Hazrat Aa’ishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported:
"The Messenger of Allah (Peace and blessings be upon him) said: ‘The angels are created
from light, just as the jinn are created from smokeless fire and mankind is created from
what you have been told about.’"
(Book: Sahih Muslim)
Angels do not possess free will, and worship God in total obedience. Angels' duties
include communicating revelations from Allah Almighty, glorifying Allah Almighty,
recording every person's actions and taking a person's soul at the time of death. They
are also thought to intercede on man's behalf.
The most important names of angels and their duties are listed below:
1. Jibril (Gabriel) (Peace be upon him)
Duty: Conveying revelation to the Prophets from Allah Almighty
2. Mikkail (Michael) (Peace be upon him)
Duty: Responsible for nature and delivering food
3. Israfil (Raphael) (Peace be upon him)
Duty : Responsible for blowing the trumpet on the Day of Judgment
4. Israel (Samael) (Peace be upon him)
Duty : Responsible for death (taking a life)
5. Ridwan (Peace be upon him)
Duty : Responsible for maintaining Paradise (Jannah)
6. Maalik (Peace be upon him)
Duty : Responsible for Hellfire (Jahannam)
7. Munkar (Peace be upon him)
8. Nakir (Peace be upon him)
Duty : Responsible for testing the faith of the dead in their graves. These angels will ask
the soul of the dead person questions. If the person fails the questions, the angels make
the man suffer until the Day of Judgment. If the soul passes the questions, he will have a
pleasant time in the grave until the Day of Judgment.
9. Raqib (Peace be upon him)
10. Atid (Peace be upon him)
Duty : Responsible for recording a person's good and bad deeds

2.3.5 BELIEF IN SCRIPTURES
Muslims believe that four Holy Scriptures were revealed by Allah Almighty to
Messengers of Allah in various time periods. However, they believe that except Al
Quran, all the previous books were distorted either in interpretation, text or both. Also
Al Quran is the final scripture revealed by Allah Almighty for the entire people of
universe.
The four books which were revealed by Allah Almighty are:
In addition to the above books, Allah Almighty revealed 110 Suhufs (Commandments) to
various Prophets.
Prophet No. of Suhufs
Prophet Adam (Peace be upon him) 10
Prophet Sheeth (seth) (Peace be upon him) 50
Prophet Idris (Enoch) (Peace be upon him) 30
Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) (Peace be upon him) 10
Prophet Musa (Moses) (Peace be upon him) 10
Scripture Prophet Language
Tawrat Prophet Musa (Moses) (Peace be upon him) Hibr
Zabur Prophet Dawud (David) (Peace be upon him) Greek
Injil Prophet Eissa (Jesus) (Peace be upon him) Syriac
Al Quran Prophet Mohammad (Peace be upon him) Arabic

2.3.6 BELIEF IN PROPHETS
Allah created the mankind and sent the prophets to every nation throughout the history
to show the straight path to the mankind. They were sent with the message of Allah and
showed mankind the right path that will lead them to Paradise and to salvation from
Hell-fire. All the Prophets preached to their people about the message of Islam; i.e. Allah
Almighty is the one and only God and submission to the will of God.
Each prophet was sent only for his respective nation except the last prophet, beloved
Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) who was sent to the
entire world. The Holy Quran, the scripture which was revealed to him, is also Almighty's
last testament and it is the message for whole world.
Each Prophet taught his nation about the Oneness of Allah, power of Allah, what are the
halal (permissible) and what are the haram (sinful) in the religion of Allah.
It is the Islamic belief that Adam (Peace be upon him) was the first man as well a
Prophet and beloved Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
was the final Prophet. It is said that Allah has sent almost 124,000 Prophets to the entire
world. However, 25 names of Prophets have been mentioned in Al Quran.
Names of Prophets mentioned in Al Quran
1. Hazrat Adam (Peace be upon him)
2. Hazrat Idris (Peace be upon him)
3. Hazrat Nuh (Peace be upon him)
4. Hazrat Hud (Peace be upon him)
5. Hazrat Saleh (Peace be upon him)
6. Hazrat Ibrahim (Peace be upon him)
7. Hazrat Lut (Peace be upon him)
8. Hazrat Ismail (Peace be upon him)
9. Hazrat Ishaq (Peace be upon him)
10. Hazrat Yaqub (Peace be upon him)
11. Hazrat Yusuf (Peace be upon him)
12. Hazrat Ayyub (Peace be upon him)

13. Hazrat Shuayb (Peace be upon him)
14. Hazrat Musa (Peace be upon him)
15. Hazrat Harun (Peace be upon him)
16. Hazrat Dawud (Peace be upon him)
17. Hazrat Sulaiman (Peace be upon him)
18. Hazrat Ilyas (Peace be upon him)
19. Hazrat Alyasa (Peace be upon him)
20. Hazrat Yunus (Peace be upon him)
21. Hazrat Dhulkifl (Peace be upon him)
22. Hazrat Zakariya (Peace be upon him)
23. Hazrat Yahya (Peace be upon him)
24. Hazrat Eissa (Peace be upon him)
25. Hazrat Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
(Read our book - Biography of Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) –
“Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alaihiwasallam)”
QUICK FACTS
‘Hazrat’ is an honorific Arabic title used before the names of great Islamic people such as
Prophets, Companions of Prophet and Islamic Scholars. (E.g – Hazrat Adam, Hazrat Umar)
‘Sayyid’ (female: ‘Sayyida’) is an honorific Arabic title, it denotes as descendants of prophet
Muhammad (peace be upon him) through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husain ibn Ali,
sons of the prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib (May Allah
be pleased with them) (E.g – Sayyiduna Abdul Qadir Jeelani, Sayyida Fathima)
Additionally the following phrases should be used after the names of:
Prophet Muhammad - ‘Sallallahu Alaihiwasallam’ (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
Other Prophets and Angels – ‘Alaihissalam’ (peace be upon him)
Companions & Islamic scholars – Male - RadhiAllahu Anhu – May Allah be pleased with him
Female - RadhiAllahu Anha – May Allah be pleased with her

Difference between Prophets (Nabi) and Messengers (Rasool)
Messengers are the Prophets, but they were sent with new scriptures or new divine law
to propagate to their nation while Prophets taught the previous established teachings to
their nation. Hence, all the Messengers are the Prophets. But all the Prophets are not
Messengers. It is said that Allah sent about 124,000 prophets to entire world throughout
the history but out of them only 313 are messengers.
The Messengers are ranked more than the Prophets. The best of them are called, Ulul
'Azm (Possessors of strong will and perseverance), in patience and enduring difficulties,
who are five:
1. Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)
2. Prophet Eissa (Jesus) (Peace be upon him)
3. Prophet Musa (Moses) (Peace be upon him)
4. Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) (Peace be upon him)
5. Prophet Nuh (Noah) (Peace be upon him)
Some scholars consider Prophet Adam (Peace be upon him) is one of them, hence Ulul
Azms are six. However, majority of scholars consider as five as stated above.
2.3.7 BELIEF IN DAY OF JUDGEMENT
Belief in the Day of Judgment is considered as a fundamental tenet of faith in Islam.
Every human, whether Muslim or Non-Muslim, will die and be resurrected, be held
accountable for their deeds and be judged by Allah Almighty accordingly.
During divine judgment, each person's Book of Deeds, in which "every small and great
thing is recorded", will be opened. Throughout the judgment, the underlying principle is
complete and perfect justice administered by Allah Almighty. Accounts of the judgment
are also replete with the emphasis that Allah is merciful and forgiving, and that mercy
and forgiveness will be granted on that day. Anyhow whoever did not accept Allah
Almighty and his beloved Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) in his lifetime and
those who worshiped other than Allah Almighty will be sent to the Hell.
Since Allah Almighty says in Al Quran:
"Surely, Allah does not forgive setting up of partners with Him, and He forgives (any
other sin) lesser in degree for whom He wills. And whoever sets up partners with Allah
certainly fabricates a horrible sin" Chapter: 4, Verse: 48

Further Allah Almighty says in Al Quran that even the smallest acts of the believers will
not be wasted.
"So whoever does an atom’s weight of good shall see it and whoever does an atom’s
weight of evil shall see it."
Chapter: 99, Verse: 7-8
2.3.8 BELIEF IN DIVINE DECREE / DESTINY
Predestination is the sixth article of belief in Islam. In accordance with the Islamic belief
in predestination, or divine preordainment (al-qadā wa'l-qadar), Allah has full
knowledge and control over all that occurs. Nothing will happen without Allah's willing.
This is explained in Qur’anic verses such as:
(O Beloved!) Say: ‘Never shall (anything) befall us but what Allah has decreed for us; He
alone is our Protector. And in Allah alone the believers should put their trust.’
Chapter: 9, Verse: 51
Muslims should believe that everything in the world that occurs, good or evil, has been
preordained and nothing can happen unless permitted by Allah Almighty. Although
events are pre-ordained, man possesses free will in that he has the faculty to choose
between right and wrong, and is thus responsible for his actions.
According to the Islamic belief, all that has been decreed by Allah Almighty has been
written in al-Lawh al-Mahfūz, the "Preserved Tablet".
2.4 WHAT IS PRAYERS?
It is the duty of every Muslim to pray five times a day.
Prayers are intended to focus the mind on Allah, and is
seen as a personal communication with him that
expresses gratitude and worship. According to Islam, if a
person offers the prayers, he will get merits and blessings
of Allah Almighty, on the other hand, if he misses the
prayers, he will get sins which will lead for the divine
punishment.

Followings are the names of those prayers
1. Fajr — The dawn prayer: 2 raka'at
2. Dhuhr — The noon prayer: 4 raka'at
3. Asr — The afternoon prayer: 4 raka'at
4. Maghrib — The sunset prayer: 3 raka'at
5. Isha'a — The night prayer: 4 raka'at
The Jumu'ah (Friday prayer) consists of 2 raka'at and is prayed in place of the Dhuhr
prayer on Friday.
LEARN THE FULL DETAILS & METHOD OF PRAYERS IN OUR BOOK “PRAYERS IN ISLAM”
2.5 WHAT IS FASTING?
It is obligatory to every Muslim to fast during the month of Ramadan. That is, abstain
from eating, drinking (including water), having sex and anything against to Islamic law
from dawn to dusk.
LEARN THE FULL DETAILS & METHOD OF FASTING IN OUR BOOK “FASTING IN ISLAM”
2.6 WHAT IS ZAKAT?
Zakat is the fixed portion of one’s wealth should be given as the Charity to the needy.
Zakat, however, is not obligatory for all the Muslims, except those who exceed the limit
of wealth, which is prescribed by the Islamic Jurisprudence.
LEARN THE FULL DETAILS & METHOD OF ZAKAT IN OUR BOOK “ZAKAT IN ISLAM”
2.7 WHAT IS HAJJ?
Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islam. It is the pilgrimage to holy city of Makkah, Saudi Arabia
during the Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah. Every able-bodied Muslim who can afford it
must make the pilgrimage to Makkah at least once in his or her lifetime. Rituals of the
Hajj include walking seven times around the Kaaba, touching the black stone if possible,
walking or running seven times between Mount Safa and Mount Marwah and
symbolically stoning the Devil in Mina.
LEARN THE FULL DETAILS & METHOD OF HAJJ IN OUR BOOK “HAJJ IN ISLAM”
NoteNote : All the above mentioned books (detailed version of the practices) will be published soon in
our official website - www.mailofislam.com

CHAPTER 3 - SHARIAH & AQEEDAH & TASAWWUF
These three concepts all together make the religion complete. In other words, these
three concepts are the three aspects of Islam.
3.1 SHARIAH
Shariah is referred to the sacred Islamic
Law. Muslims believe that Shariah is the law of
Allah Almighty.
It teaches what are the "do's and don'ts" in
Islam and what is lawful for a Muslim and what
is not.
In simply, the Shariah is an outer law
concerned with actions.
3.2 AQEEDAH
Aqeedah is the theology of Islam. Islamic theology has been tied up with the six articles
of belief. Hence, if a person's theology (Aqeedah) deviates from the fundamental
accepted Islamic theology, then that person will not be considered as a person who is in
righteous path, that is a true Muslim.
For example; it is the basic theology of Islam, that is, Allah Almighty does not resemble
anything, HE does not have body or sharp. HE should not be worshiped as the form of an
Idol. But if a Muslim considers that Allah Almighty has body, then it is contradictory to
basic Islamic belief on Allah Almighty. Then that person will not be considered as a
righteous person but is in misguidance.
3.3 TASAWWUF (SUFISM)
Tasawwuf (Sufism) is referred to the Spirituality, its objective is purifying the heart and
turning it away from all else but Allah. This helps to draw closer to Allah Almighty and to
more fully embrace the Divine Presence in the life.
In simply, the Tasawwuf is an inner law concerned with the human heart.

So all these three concepts i.e Shariah, Aqeedah and Tasawwuf can be interpreted
simply as follows:
The Shariah is an outer law concerned with actions, Aqeedah is the law concerned with
the basic beliefs of Islam and the Tasawwuf is an inner law concerned with the human
heart.
The outer law consists of rules pertaining to worship, transactions, marriage, judicial
rulings, and criminal law. The inner law consists of rules about repentance from sin, the
purging of contemptible qualities and evil traits of character, and adornment with
virtues and good character.
3.4 SIMPLE EXAMPLE FOR SHARIAH - AQEEDAH – TASAWWUF
Prayers are the one of five pillars in Islam. Shariah teaches about the outer law of the
prayers, such as what are the words to be recited, where should the hands be placed
and what are the actions to be done during the prayers. Sharia laws neither talk about
your concentration during the prayer nor the benefits that will be gained due to the pure
remembrance of Allah Almighty during the prayers.
On the other hand, Tasawwuf teaches about the inner law of prayers such as how to
pray with purified heart and how to have concentration on remembrance of Allah
Almighty during the prayer. Tasawwuf teaches that the complete prayer is the prayer
that is performed with purified heart and the pure concentration on remembrance of
Allah Almighty.
Then again, Aqeedah teaches that how the belief of a person should be at the time of
prayers. That is, his belief must be that he prays Allah Almighty, one & only God, HE
neither have body nor sharp. HE does not resemble anything. HE should never be
formed as an idol. Likewise, all the matters of belief can be defined as the Aqeedah.
It is said that these 3 concepts were arrived through a famous hadith:
Hazrat Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
"While we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (Peace and blessings be upon him),
one day a man came up to us whose clothes were extremely white, whose hair was
extremely black, upon whom traces of travelling could not be seen, and whom none of
us knew, until he sat down close to the Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him), so
that he rested his knees upon his knees and placed his two hands upon his thighs and
said, 'Muhammad, tell me about Islam.' The Messenger of Allah (Peace and blessings be

upon him) said, 'Islam is that you witness that there is no god but Allah and that
Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and you establish the prayer, and you give the
Zakat, and you fast Ramadan, and you perform the hajj of the House if you are able to
take a way to it.' He said, 'You have told the truth,' and we were amazed at him asking
him and [then] telling him that he told the truth. He said, 'tell me about Imaan.' He said,
'That you affirm Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day, and that
you affirm the Decree, the good of it and the bad of it.' He said, 'You have told the truth.'
He said, 'Tell me about Ihsaan.' He said, 'That you worship Allah as if you see Him, for if
you don't see Him then truly He sees you.'
The hadith continues and finally the beloved Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him)
said to Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) that the man who asked all these
questions was Jibril (Gabriel), the angel.
(Related by Imam Muslim in his book - Sahih Muslim)
According to the above hadith,
Islam, in other words Shariah, was interpreted through the practices of Islam. Imaan, in
other words Aqeedah, was interpreted through the beliefs of Islam. Ihsaan, in other
words Tasawwuf, was interpreted through the subject of Divine presence.
Hence, these three concepts together make the religion complete. So every action of a
Muslim should be performed based on all these three concepts. For example, when a
Muslim prays, he performed all the outer actions according to the Islamic shariah, but he
did not remember Allah Almighty during the prayer. Even though according to Shariah,
his prayers are valid, but it is not valid according to Tasawwuf, since there is no
spirituality in his prayer. The main purpose of the prayer is remembering Allah Almighty.
If he does not fulfill that purpose, then, there is no essence in his prayer. That is why,
Tasawwuf is called as the Essence of Islam.
Therefore, when a Muslim prays, he should properly perform all his actions according to
the Islamic Shariah, same time, his heart and mind should be in the remembrance of
Allah Almighty according to Tasawwuf. Then his prayers will be considered as perfect.

CHAPTER 4 - SOURCES OF SHARIAH
(ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE)
Muslims follow the Shariah (Islamic Law) from two primary sources and two secondary
sources.
(a) Primary sources:
1. Al Quran – The sacred scripture revealed from Allah Almighty to Beloved
Prophet Muhammad (Peace and blessings be upon him)
2. Al Hadith – The books containing "the words, actions and practices of Beloved
Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) and his tacit approval of something
said or done in his presence."
(b) Secondary sources:
3. Ijma – The consensus of the scholars of Islam
4. Qiyas – The process of analogical reasoning
4.1 WHAT IS AL QURAN?
The sacred scripture revealed from Allah Almighty to Beloved Prophet (Peace and
blessings be upon him) through Angel Gabriel (Peace be upon him) over a period of 23
years. It contains 114 chapters and approximately 6666 verses which explain the power
of Allah, guidance for humanity and the historical events. This is the Holy Scripture for
Muslims. This is not only the guidance for Muslims, but also for Non-Muslims too. When
these verses were revealed, most of the companions memorized them and wrote down.
Later it was compiled as a book in the governing period of Uthman ibn Affan (May Allah
be pleased with him). Therefore, it does not contain any words of human like in other
religious scriptures. It contains purely words of Almighty Allah. Neither scribal errors nor
scientific errors could be found in Al Quran.

4.2 WHAT IS AL HADITH?
Al Hadith means “the words, actions and practices of Beloved Prophet (Peace and
blessings be upon him) and his tacit approval of something said or done in his presence."
Al Hadith is the second source for Islamic Jurisprudence. The Beloved Prophet’s (Peace
and blessings be upon him) life is the practical explanation for the Divine Law. A person
cannot obey the religion without follow the path of our beloved Prophet (Peace and
blessings be upon him)
Simple example: It has been mentioned in Al Quran that the prayers are compulsory for
every Muslim. However, how to pray, what are rules pertaining to the prayers, what are
the benefits can be achieved through the prayers and what are the punishments for
missing the prayers were not mentioned in Al Quran. Answers for all these questions can
only be obtained from Al Hadith, that is, through the practices of beloved Prophet
(Peace be upon him). Hence, following Al Hadith is the compulsory for a Muslim.
There are six Hadith collections which are considered as the most authenticated hadith
books by Muslims.
(a) Sahih al Bukhari
(b) Sahih al Muslim
(c) Sunan Abu Dawud
(d) Sunan al Tirmidhi
(e) Sunan al Nasai
(f) Sunan Ibn Majah
However, there are many more hadith books available with the authenticated hadith of
the Beloved Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him)
4.3 WHAT IS IJMA?
The great scholar Imam al-Shafi`i defines the ijma` thus in his Risala:
“The adherence of the congregation (jama`a) of Muslims to the conclusions of a given
ruling pertaining to what is permitted and what is forbidden after the passing of the
Prophet (Peace be upon him)”
By "congregation of Muslims" he actually means the experts of independent reasoning
(ahl al-ijtihad) and legal answers in the obscure matters which require insight and
investigation, as well as the agreement of the Community of Muslims concerning what is
obligatorily known of the religion with its decisive proofs.

Imam Shafiì continues (Risala p. 253): "The Prophet's order that men should follow the
Muslim community is a proof that the Ijma` of the Muslims is binding." Later on (p. 286)
he quotes the hadith whereby the Prophet said: "Believe my Companions, then those
who succeed them, and after that those who succeed the Successors. But after them
falsehood will prevail when people will swear to the truth without having been asked to
swear, and testify without having been asked to testify. Only those who seek the
pleasures of Paradise will keep to the Congregation..." Shafiì comments: "He who holds
what the Muslim Congregation (jamaà) holds shall be regarded as following the
Congregation, and he who holds differently shall be regarded as opposing the
Congregation he was ordered to follow. So the error comes from separation; but in the
Congregation as a whole there is no error concerning the meaning of the Qur'an, the
Sunna, and analogy (qiyas)."
Beloved Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) said:
"My community (ummah) will not agree on an error."
Books - Tirmidhi, Ibn Majah, Musnad Ahmad
4.4 WHAT IS QIYAS?
It refers the process of analogical reasoning in which the teachings of the Hadith are
compared and contrasted with those of the Qur'an, i.e., in order to make an analogy
with a known injunction (nass) to a new injunction. As a result of this method, the ruling
of the Sunnah and the Qur'an may be used as a means to solve or provide a response to
a new problem that may arise.
For example, Qiyas is applied to the injunction against drinking wine to create an
injunction against cocaine use.
1. Identification of a clear, known thing or action that might bear a resemblance to the
modern situation, such as the wine drinking.
2. Identification of the ruling on the known thing. Wine drinking is haraam, prohibited.
3. Identification of the reason behind the known ruling ('illah). For example, wine
drinking is haraam because it intoxicates. Intoxication is bad because it removes
Muslims from mindfulness of God. This reason behind the reason is termed hikmah.
4. The reason behind the known ruling is applied to the unknown thing. For instance
cocaine use intoxicates the user, removing the user from mindfulness of God. It is
therefore prohibited.

CHAPTER 5 - SCHOOLS IN ISLAM
Schools referred to the teachings and opinions of various Islamic scholars on the matters
of Islamic laws, spirituality and theology based on Al Quran and Al Hadith. In other
words, the different view of various Islamic scholars on the various subject matters of
Islam in the light of Al Quran and Al Hadith.
5.1 DO SCHOOLS DIVIDE MUSLIM COMMUNITY?
No. Some people misunderstand that the schools divide the unity of our Muslim
community. In fact, it is not. It should be understood that Division and Difference are
two different terms. Division means one party tries to eradicate another party and
claiming that others are in misguidance except themselves. But Difference is another
term. A same subject can be viewed in different angles by different persons. But still
each respects other's point of view. This is called differences of opinions.
Differences among the schools in Islam are actually of enormous benefit to the Islamic
world, rather than being damaging to it. Each scholar of different schools taught his own
ijtihad (decision), but they never attempted to eradicate one another out of mutual
hostility. Each scholar respected others.
Imam Abu Hanifah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: “Our thoughts consist of an
opinion and are the best opinion we have. If someone else proposes a better opinion,
then that one should be followed, rather than ours.”
As stated in the hadith, it is clear that a disagreement based on mutual respect will be a
mercy and history confirms that this is indeed the case. The school’s disagreements were
constructive, rather than destructive.
It was said that the beloved Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) said:
"Difference of opinion in my Community is a mercy for people"

5.2 SCHOOLS OF JURISPRUDENCE (MADHAB)
5.2.1 WHAT IS MADHAB?
Madhab are the schools of Islamic Jurisprudence which are the opinions of great
scholars of Islam based on Al Quran and Al Hadith. It is impossible for an illiterate to
obtain the laws directly from Al Quran and Al Hadith for the critical issues or any new
issues based on Islamic jurisprudence. He, since, does not possess that knowledge to do
so. Thus, the Madhab are the explanations and laws written by the great scholars of
Islam to resolve those issues.
There are four Madhab followed by Muslims worldwide. Those are:
Schools of Jurisprudence Founder
Hanafi school Imam Abu Hanifah (May Allah be pleased with him)
Maliki school Imam Malik (May Allah be pleased with him)
Shafi`i school Imam al-Shafi`i (May Allah be pleased with him)
Hanbali school Imam Hanbal (May Allah be pleased with him)
5.2.2 WHICH MADHAB DO I WANT TO FOLLOW?
There is no compulsory in selecting a particular madhab. Generally a person can follow
one out of the above mentioned madhabs. It is a personal choice. Generally, Muslims
prefer to follow the madhab which is largely followed in their region. For example, the
people who live in North India, Pakistan, Egypt and some part of Arab world follow
Hanafi Madhab. While Shafi'i madhab is followed in South India, Sri Lanka, Yemen,
Palestine, Syria, Malaysia and Indonesia. Maliki Madhab is followed in North Africa,
West Africa, UAE and Kuwait. Hanbali madhab is followed in Saudi Arabia, Qatar and
some communities in Syria and Iraq.
Hence, there is no compulsory in selection. But if a person decides to follow a particular
madhab, he should restrict to follow it alone. He should not change it time to time as he
wants as he plays. Once he selected, he should start to learn the teachings (Islamic laws)
of that madhab.

5.3 SCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY (AQEEDAH)
5.3.1 WHAT IS ISLAMIC THEOLOGY?
When the time of our beloved Prophet (peace be upon him), there was no need of any
schools for the theology. Every one followed the same theology of our beloved Prophet
(peace be upon him). After the time of Prophet (peace be upon him), lot of new groups
were established with different and misguided theologies which were against to the
accepted mainstream Islamic theologies.
Each of these misguided groups called themselves as Muslims and propagated their
deviant theologies in the name of Islam. Then there was the need for the Muslims to
establish the correct and accepted Islamic theologies and to instruct the illiterate
Muslims about these deviant groups. As a true Muslim, it is our duty to know about
these deviants and protect our Imaan and Aqeedah.
The below names of misguided groups are presently active worldwide and real threaten
to Islam. Therefore, Muslims should take extra precautions from falling in their trap.
1. Shia
2. Wahabi/Salafi
3. Khwarijite
4. Qadiyani
Holy Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) said:
The Banu Isra’il divided into seventy-two sects and my ummah (nation) will divide into
seventy-three sects. All of them will go into the Fire except one millat (sect). “The
companions of Prophet asked (him), “Who are they, O Messenger of Allah”. He said,
“(Who follow) what I am on and my companions (are on).
Book: Tirmidi - 2650
That one and only righteous sect is called, Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jam’ah. “Ahlus Sunnah”
means the followers of the beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) and the the “Jama’ah”
means congregation, that is, followers of the congregation of companions of Prophet.
Both words were adopted from the above Prophetic hadith.
The followers of the righteous “Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jam’ah” sect are called “Sunni
Muslims” or “mainstream Muslims”. They are the majority of Muslims in the world,
representing 87% of total Muslim population.
Holy Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Without doubt, my Ummah (nation) will never be gathered in misguidance. Whenever
you see disagreement and then hold fast to the greater majority."
Book: Ibn Majah

In terms of theology, there are two schools in Ahlus Sunnah Wal Jam’ah:
Schools of Theology Founder
Maturidi school Imam Maturidi (May Allah be pleased with him)
Ashàriyyah school Imam Ashàri (May Allah be pleased with him)
These two schools are essentially one. However, they differ in terms of about forty
matters. These differences, however, consist only matters of detail.
Therefore, the righteous Sunni Muslims follow the theology of Maturidi and Ashàriyyah
schools. Other theologies like Shia, Wahabism, Salafism, Khwarijitte are considered as
misguided theology by Sunni Muslims.
5.4 SCHOOLS OF SPIRITUALITY (SUFISM)
5.4.1 WHAT IS SUFISM?
The schools of spirituality in Islam are called as “Tariqa” (The way). The main purpose of
Tariqa is to attain Divine Presence through mystical learning from a spiritual teacher,
spiritual practices and purifying the hearts.
One of the most famous companions of the Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him),
Hazrat Abu Huraira (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
“I have memorized two kinds of knowledge from Allah's Apostle. I have propagated one
of them to you and if I propagated the second, then my pharynx (throat) would be cut
(i.e. killed).”
Book: Sahih al Bukhari Book 3, Number 121
From the above hadith, it can be understood that there are two types of knowledge
which the beloved Prophet (Peace and blessings be upon him) has taught to his
companions. One is explicit. That is, the teachings of Shariah (Islamic Jurisprudence).
Another one is secret knowledge or implicit knowledge. It cannot be taught or learned
through the books or materials. It is the knowledge from heart to heart. It is called the
Spiritual Knowledge.
This spiritual knowledge was taught by the beloved Prophet (peace be upon him) to his
companions personally or secretly. Then this knowledge was transmitted to the people
of next generation from the companions through the spiritual teachings.
All the Tariqas have silsilas (chain, lineage). Almost all Tariqas except the Naqshbandi
Tariqa has a silsila that leads back to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) through
Sayyiduna Ali (May Allah be pleased with him). The Naqshbandi Silsila goes back to

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) through Hazrat Abu Bakr (May Allah be
pleased with him)
Each Tariqa has a Murshid (guide or teacher) who is the spiritual teacher. The student or
follower of a Tariqa is known as Murid. The student would take baiyat (oath of
allegiance) in the hands of his teacher. Then, the teacher would guide the student
through spiritual practices such as Dhikr (remembrance of Allah Almighty), teachings of
spiritual knowledge and guiding him in the ethical disciplines. Through the guidance of
his Murshid, a Murid should come more and more close to Almighty Allah by submitting
his heart, soul and deed.
In terms of Spirituality, there are many schools. However, the most famous schools are:
Schools of Spirituality Founder
Qadriya Tariqa Seyyaduna Abdul Qadir Gilani
Rifa'iyya Tariqa Seyyaduna Ahmed Kabeer Rifai
Chistiyya Tariqa Seyyaduna Abu Ishaq Shami
Mehlavi Tariqa Moulana Jalaluddin Rumi
Suhrawardiyya Tariqa Seyyaduna Abu al-Najib al-Suhrawardi
Naqshbandiyya Tariqa Seyyaduna Muhammad Baha ad-din an-Naqshabandi
Shadhiliyya Tariqa Seyyaduna Abu-l-Hassan ash-Shadhili
5.4.2 WHICH TARIQA DO I WANT TO FOLLOW?
There is no compulsory in selecting a particular Tariqa. It is a personal choice of a person
to choose any of these Tariqa. Generally, Muslims follow the same Tariqa of their
forefathers. However, if a person finds a good spiritual teacher, then he can take baiyat
(oath of allegiance) in the hands of that teacher and can follow his teachings in order to
attain Divine closeness.
5.5 WHO IS A PERFECT MUSLIM?
A perfect Muslim is a person who should be a complete and perfect follower of Shariah,
Aqeedah and Tasawwuf together. In other words, he is the practicing Muslim who obeys
and follows the words of Allah Almighty and beloved Prophet (peace be upon him)
practically and spiritually.

ATTACHMENT 1
AL HASMA AL HUSNAA - 99 NAMES OF ALLAH
1 ‫الرحمن‬ Ar-Raḥmān The Exceedingly Compassionate, The Exceedingly Beneficent,
2 ‫الرحيم‬ Ar-Raḥīm The Exceedingly Merciful
3 ‫الملك‬ Al-Malik The King
4 ‫القدوس‬ Al-Quddūs The Holy, The Pure, The Perfect
5 ‫السالم‬ As-Salām The Peace, The Source of Peace and Safety
6 ‫المؤمن‬ Al-Muʾmin The Guarantor, The Affirming
7 ‫المهيمن‬ Al-Muhaymin The Guardian
8 ‫العزيز‬ Al-ʿAzīz The Almighty, The Invulnerable, The Honorable
9 ‫الجبار‬ Al-Jabbār The Irresistible, The Compeller, The Lofty
10 ‫المتكبر‬ Al-Mutakabbir The Majestic, The Supreme
11 ‫الخالق‬ Al-Khāliq The Creator
12 ‫البارئ‬ Al-Bāriʾ The Evolver, The Fashioner, The Designer
13 ‫المصور‬ Al-Muṣawwir The Fashioner of Forms
14 ‫الغفار‬ Al-Ġaffār The Repeatedly Forgiving
15 ‫القهار‬ Al-Qahhār The Subduer
16 ‫الوهاب‬ Al-Wahhāb The Bestower
17 ‫الرزاق‬ Ar-Razzāq The Provider
18 ‫الفتاح‬ Al-Fattāḥ The Opener, The Victory Giver
19 ‫العليم‬ Al-ʿAlīm The All Knowing, The Omniscient
20 ‫القابض‬ Al-Qābiḍ The Restrainer, The Straightener
21 ‫الباس‬‫ط‬ Al-Bāsiṭ The Extender / Expander
22 ‫ض‬ِ‫ف‬‫ا‬َ‫الخ‬ Al-Khāfiḍ The Abaser
23 ‫الرافع‬ Ar-Rāfiʿ The Exalter
24 ‫المعز‬ Al-Muʿizz The Giver of Honour
25 ‫المذل‬ Al-Muḏill The Giver of Dishonour
26 ‫السميع‬ As-Samīʿ The All Hearing
27 ‫البصير‬ Al-Baṣīr The All Seeing
28 ‫الحكم‬ Al-Ḥakam The Judge, The Arbitrator

29 ‫العدل‬ Al-ʿAdl The Utterly Just
30 ‫اللطيف‬ Al-Laṭīf The Gentle, The Subtly Kind
31 ‫الخبير‬ Al-Khabīr The All Aware
32 ‫الحليم‬ Al-Ḥalīm The Forbearing, The Indulgent
33 ‫العظيم‬ Al-ʿAẓīm The Magnificent
34 ‫الغف‬‫ور‬ Al-Ġafūr The Much-Forgiving
35 ‫الشكور‬ Aš-Šakūr The Grateful
36 ‫العلي‬ Al-ʿAlī The Sublime
37 ‫الكبير‬ Al-Kabīr The Great
38 ‫الحفيظ‬ Al-Ḥafīẓ The Preserver
39 ‫المقيت‬ Al-Muqīt The Nourisher
40 ‫الحسيب‬ Al-Ḥasīb The Bringer of Judgment
41 ‫الجليل‬ Al-Ğalīl The Majestic
42 ‫الكريم‬ Al-Karīm The Bountiful, The Generous
43 ‫الرقيب‬ Ar-Raqīb The Watchful
44 ‫المجيب‬ Al-Muğīb The Responsive, The Answer
45 ‫الواسع‬ Al-Wāsiʿ The Vast, The All-Embracing, The Omnipresent, The Boundless
46 ‫الحكيم‬ Al-Ḥakīm The Wise
47 ‫ال‬‫ودود‬ Al-Wadūd The Loving
48 ‫المجيد‬ Al-Mağīd All-Glorious, The Majestic
49 ‫الباعث‬ Al-Bāʿiṯ The Resurrecter
50 ‫الشهيد‬ Aš-Šahīd The Witness
51 ‫الحق‬ Al-Ḥaqq The Truth, The Reality
52 ‫الوكيل‬ Al-Wakīl The Trustee, The Dependable, The Advocate
53 ‫القوي‬ Al-Qawwī The Strong
54 ‫المتين‬ Al-Matīn The Firm, The Steadfast
55 ‫الولي‬ Al-Walī The Friend, Patron and Helper
56 ‫الحميد‬ Al-Ḥamīd The All Praiseworthy
57 ‫المحصي‬ Al-Muḥṣī The Accounter, The Numberer of All

58 ‫المبدئ‬ Al-Mubdiʾ The Originator, The Producer, The Initiator
59 ‫المعيد‬ Al-Muʿīd The Restorer, The Reinstater Who Brings Back All
60 ‫المحيي‬ Al-Muḥyī The Giver of Life
61 ‫المميت‬ Al-Mumīt The Destroyer, The Bringer of Death
62 ‫الحي‬ Al-Ḥayy The Living
63 ‫القيوم‬ Al-Qayyūm The Subsisting, The Guardian
64 ‫الواجد‬ Al-Wāğid The Perceiver, The Finder, The Unfailing
65 ‫الماجد‬ Al-Māğid The Illustrious, The Magnificent
66 ‫الواحد‬ Al-Wāḥid The One, The Unique
67 ‫االحد‬ Al-ʾAḥad The Unity, The Indivisible
68 ‫الصمد‬ Aṣ-Ṣamad The Eternal, The Absolute, The Self-Sufficient
69 ‫القادر‬ Al-Qādir The Omnipotent, The All Able
70 ‫المقتدر‬ Al-Muqtadir The Determiner, The Dominant
71 ‫المقدم‬ Al-Muqaddim The Expediter, He Who Brings Forward
72 ‫المؤخر‬ Al-Muʾakhkhir The Delayer, He Who Puts Far Away
73 ‫األول‬ Al-ʾAwwal The First, The Beginning-less
74 ‫األخر‬ Al-ʾAḫir The Last, The Endless
75 ‫الظاهر‬ Aẓ-Ẓāhir The Manifest, The Evident, The Outer
76 ‫الباطن‬ Al-Bāṭin The Hidden, The Unmanifest, The Inner
77 ‫الوالي‬ Al-Wālī The Patron, The Protecting Friend, The Friendly Lord
78 ‫ال‬‫متعالي‬ Al-Mutaʿālī The Supremely Exalted, The Most High
79 ‫البر‬ Al-Barr The Good, The Beneficent
80 ‫التواب‬ At-Tawwāb The Ever Returning, Ever Relenting
81 ‫المنتقم‬ Al-Muntaqim The Avenger
82 ‫العفو‬ Al-ʿAfū The Pardoner, The Effacer, The Forgiver
83 ‫الرؤ‬‫ف‬ Ar-Raʾūf The Kind, The Pitying
84 ‫الملك‬ ‫مالك‬ Mālik-ul-Mulk The Owner of all Sovereignty
85 ‫واإلكرام‬ ‫الجالل‬ ‫ذو‬ Dhū-l-Ğalāli wa-l-ʾikrām The Lord of Majesty and Generosity
86 ‫المقسط‬ Al-Muqsiṭ The Equitable, The Requiter

87 ‫الجامع‬ Al-Ğāmiʿ The Gatherer, The Unifier
88 ‫الغني‬ Al-Ġanī The Rich, The Independent
89 ‫المغني‬ Al-Muġnī The Enricher, The Emancipator
90 ‫المانع‬ Al-Māniʿ The Withholder, The Shielder, The Defender
91 ‫الضار‬ Aḍ-Ḍārr The Distressor, The Harmer, The Afflictor
92 ‫النافع‬ An-Nāfiʿ The Propitious, The Benefactor, The Source of Good
93 ‫النور‬ An-Nūr The Light
94 ‫الهادي‬ Al-Hādī The Guide, The Way
95 ‫البديع‬ Al-Badīʿ The Incomparable, The Unattainable
96 ‫الباقي‬ Al-Bāqī The Immutable, The Infinite, The Everlasting
97 ‫الوارث‬ Al-Wāriṯ The Heir, The Inheritor of All
98 ‫الرشيد‬ Ar-Rašīd The Guide to the Right Path
99 ‫الصبور‬ Aṣ-Ṣabūr The Timeless, The Patient
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