Operation Management

1. COORDINATE ACTIVITIES
IN THE OPERATION OF AN ENTERPRISE
Prepared By:
Roy B. Cabarles, LPT

2. Proper planning and preparation are essential for
the effective completion of work based tasks.
whilst the nature of the hospitality industry
means that each and every day will be different
with many varied and unexpected challenges that
arise, this does not mean that you don’t need to
have plans in place for how to effectively
operate on a day to day basis.
Work Plans are essential tools in developing a
frame work in which staff are expected to
operate. They normally detail what needs to be
achieved, expected standards of performance and
how to go about achieving these objectives.
What is Planning?
Why do we need to Plan?

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What is to be achieved
Purpose of Plan
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The purpose of plans is to provide a roadmap for achieving goals and
objectives. Plans help to organize and coordinate activities, allocate resources
effectively, and provide a basis for monitoring and evaluating progress.
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02 How it is to be achieved
03 Who is responsible
The timelines that apply
What resources are available can be properly.
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Reflections of Plan
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Reflection on plans involves reviewing past performances, analyzing
results, and making necessary adjustments for improvement. it helps
to identify successes in failures, learn from past experience, and
develop better plans for the future.
Written work plans - these are normally established plans including
procedures that are to be followed in a normal day or event.
Verbal work plans - these are often variations to plans that need to be
made in response to specific action or incidents.
Daily priorities - these maybe set and consistent activities that need to be
done each and everyday or to be completed on a specific day in response
to a specific events .
Weekly priorities - these will normally be set tasks including ordering of
staff, cleaning, stock, taking, etc.
Regular duties or work tasks - as assigned to the team as whole or
individual team members.

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Sales plans
Reporting plans
Types of Works Plans
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productions plans
budgetary plans
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Team participation
Work schedules
Team and individual learning
goals
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When managing a team then it maybe necessary to prepare work ground plans.
sometimes management will supply them, or provide in some from that assists
you in formulating ones for your own use. work ground plans can include any of
the following:

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Know the goals for the business
area/department.
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Keys to Planning
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Match your plans to those goals.
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Inform, train and resources staff.
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Review your plans regularly and modify as
required.
the keys to effective planning are setting clear goals and objective, identifying
resources and constraints, determining priorities, developing strategies and
tactics, establishing timelines and milestones, and monitoring and evaluating
progress The keys then to work group plan are as follows:

7. Prioritization of Work Activities
The Manager shall exercise ways to prioritize work
activities to ensure completion of tasks in accordance
with work requirements.
• What needs to be done.
• what activities are considered more important than
others?

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Importance of Prioritization
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Whilst each team member may be aware of all the tasks and
work assignments that fit their job role, different activities
are considered more important than others.
Prioritizing your task your task means that you should be
done first, and which ones can be left until later.
It is the nature of our industry that many tasks are fluid in
nature. A task that may not be important at 5:15pm can
become critical 5:16pm.this means have to be flexible in
your approach, realize that such changes are commonplace
and strive to respond accordingly.

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Golden Rules of Developed Work
priorities
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One of the roles of a manager or supervisor is to developed
their own personal work priorities in line with the current
environment, into help their staff to develop theirs so that
the goals of business can be met.
• Your priorities must reflect the priorities of the business
• You need to know what these priorities are and ensure
they flow through to your personal priorities and those
that you establish for staff.
• This piece of advise must be borne in mind at all times -
it is non-negotiable and provides the basis for prioritizing
action.

10. Identification and incorporation
of training and learning opportunities
The manager shall identify and
incorporate training and learning and
opportunities into work activities.
As per the marketplace changes there
is a need for staff competencies to
develop in order to meet those
changing needs. In many
organizations, this process is
referred to as “Professional
Development “

11. Other sources of information to identify training needs:
There are numerous other sources to help
determine specific training needs. These may include:
• Industry/enterprise or other competency standards.
• Endorsed components of relevant industry training
packages
• Industry/workplace training practices
• Job descriptions
Consulting Training Needs With Other Employees
In canvassing the whole range of possible
information that could be used in determining specific
training needs, it is possible that the following personnel
may be contacted, and their input sought:

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Training is necessary when a person moves
from one job to another (transfer)
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Need for Training
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Training is necessary to make employees
mobile and versatile
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Proper training can help to prevent
industrial accidents

13. Objectives of Training
The quality of employees and their
development through training and
education are major factors in
determining the long-term profitability
of any company. If you hire and keep
good employees, it is good policy to
invest in the development of their
skills, so they can increase their
productivity.

14. To Increase Productivity
of Employees
The general objectives of training are as follows:
Objectives of Training
Objective # 1
Objective # 2
To Remain Competitive
in the Market
Objective # 3
To Change Attitude of
the Workers
Objective # 4
To Enable Workers to Adapt
Quickly to Changes

15. To Mitigate the Risk
of Accidents
The general objectives of training are as follows:
Objectives of Training
Objective # 5
Objective # 6
To Reduce Wastage of
Time and Resources
Objective # 7
To Provide Growth
Opportunities to
Existing Employees
Objective # 8
To Make the Management
Effective

16. Training to Unskilled
Workers
Levels of Training
The following are some of the important levels of training of the employees:
Training to Semi-Skilled
Workers
Unskilled workers require
training to acquaint
themselves with improved
methods of handling their
work to reduce the cost of
production and do the job
in the most economical and
efficient way.
This category of
employees requires
training to cope with
the requirements of the
industry arising out of
the adoption of
mechanization and
rationalization.
Training to Skilled Workers
Skilled workers are
given training through
the system of
apprenticeship, varying
in length up to a period
of 5 years. Crafts
training is imparted
through training centers
and the industry itself.
Training to Senior and
Supervisory Staff
Since the supervisors form
a very important link in
the chain of
administration, therefore,
they need advanced up-to-
date training at frequent
intervals. The training
programmes for the
supervisory staff must be

17. Types of Employee Training
Type # 2. Induction Training:
Induction or orientation training refers
to the training given to the new
employees. The training is imparted by a
competent and experienced executive, who
provides knowledge about the work,
tools, equipment’s, techniques and
situational problems.

18. Types of Employee Training
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Type # 1. Job Training:
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Such training is given to make the
employees proficient in performing the
operations of the job. The new entrants
are trained to handle the equipment’s
and raw-materials correctly and perform
the job operations efficiently. Old
employees are acquainted with the latest
methods of executing the jobs.

19. Types of Employee Training
Type # 3. Promotional Training:
Promotions provide encouragement to
employees, and in many organizations,
senior posts are filled by promotions.
Promotion carries new responsibilities for
which the incumbent must be prepared. The
purpose of this type of training is to
meet this demand.

20. Types of Employee Training
Type # 4. Refresher Training:
Such training is designed to revive the
earlier learning and to train employees in
the use of new tools and work equipment’s.
Short-term refresher courses are organized
for this purpose. Such training helps to
avoid personnel obsolescence.

21. Types of Employee Training
Type # 5. Safety Training:
Under this type of training, employees are
familiarized with safety devices, so that
accidents may be prevented. The purpose of
this training is to create safety
consciousness among employees.

22. Types of Employee Training
Type # 6. Remedial Training:
This type of training is designed to
correct the mistakes and shortcomings in
the work behavior and job performance of
employees.

23. Types of Employee Training
Type # 7. Cross-functional Training:
Under this types of training, the aim is
to educate and train the employee in area
of work other than their assigned jobs.
This gives them a broader perspective of
the business on a whole, helps them gain
diverse knowledge, enhances their career
path and chances of promotion.

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Identifying the training needs of
individual
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The functions performed by a trainer during
training can be outlined and explained as follows:
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Designing the training program
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Planning and Coordinating the Required
Resources
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Evaluating the Training Program

25. TWO METHODS of EMPLOYEE TRAINING
Off the Job
Training Method
On the Job
Training Method

26. A. On the Job Training Method
The trainee is placed on a
regular job and taught the
skills necessary to perform it.
Under the guidance of his
immediate boss

27. Coaching
On the Job Training Method
Position Rotation Special Projects Apprenticeship

28. B. Off the Job Training Method
Trainees have to leave their
workplace and devote their entire
time to the training. In these
methods development of trainees is
primary and work produced during
training is secondary. In this
method, trainees place their entire
concentration on learning the job
rather than spending their time
performing. It also provides freedom
of expression to the trainees.

29. Special Courses and
Lectures
Following are the off the job training techniques:
Conferences Case Studies Brainstorming

30. Process of Designing a Training Program:
1
Determining the need and
Priorities for Training
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Translating needs into Objectives and Establishing
Training Goals
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Making the Curriculum and
Choosing Training Methods
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Preparation of training budget
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Selecting trainers and
providing training to trainers
6 Implement Training Programs
7 Performance or learning tryout
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The evaluation system of the
training program.

31. Considering Responses to Training and
Development Opportunities
it is important to for management to conduct survey
and consider the responses of individuals based on
survey statistics results.
Different people have different orientations to training,
or personal development.
Some rejoice when it is offered and some shudder in
dread.
Their previous experience will be a big factor in how
they react so it is important that whatever you do this
time helps to set the scene for next time.

32. References:
Naorem, D. (n.d.). On the job training method. Economic Discussion.
https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/job-training/on-the-job-training-
methods/31626
Off the job training. https://businessjargons.com/off-the-job-
training.html
Santana, M. (n.d.). Training in HRM.
https://www.businessmanagementideas.com/human-resource-management-
2/training-in-hrm/20347
Smiti, C. (n.d.). Methods of Training: On-the-job Training Method and
Off-the-Job Methods. https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/human-resource-
development/methods-of-training-on-the-job-training-method-and-off-the-
job-methods/32369
https://www.dole.gov.ph/news/dole-to-help-boost-tourism-jobs/

34. Activity !
1. Write a one-paper report about the
role of a manager in the employee
development and success of an
enterprise. (Minimum of 200 words)