Containers - State of the Union

© 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
Brent Langston, Sr Developer Advocate
@brentContained
Containers on AWS
Let me count the ways

What are containers and why are customers using them?

What are containers?
A container is an atomic, self-contained package of software that
includes everything it needs to run (code, runtime, libraries,
packages, etc.).
A popular, widely-used container platform is Docker. More on that
here: https://www.docker.com

Why not VM’s?
Server
Host OS
Hypervisor
Guest
OS
Guest
OS
Guest
OS
Bins/libs Bins/libs Bins/libs
App A App A App B
Server
Host OS
Docker Engine
Bins/libs Bins/libs
App
A
App
A
App
B
App
B
App
B
App
B

Why are containers so popular?
• Portable
• Lightweight
• Standardized
• Easy to deploy
• Along with containers, comes the “monolith to microservices”
story: containers and microservices go hand in hand.

First customers ran docker on EC2
+

“Make this easier for us!”

© 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.© 2018, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
Elastic Container Service

Containers made it easy to build and scale appsBut management of thes systems where hardAmazon Elastic Container Service
Cluster management as a hosted service

We removed the pain points and heavy lifting
• Scheduling
• Placement
• Task management (health checks)
• Management control plane updates

ECS
Highl y sca l a bl e, high
perf o rm a nce co nta iner
m a na gem ent sy stem
A managed platform
ECS
Cluster
management
Container
orchestration
Deep AWS
integration

Broad range of customers

“By taking advantage of Amazon ECS, we have the power
to understand, manipulate, and manage our environment
easily.”
Zaven Boni
DevOps Engineering Lead, GoPro

70%
Reduction in Compute Footprint

What we did with ECS in 2018
Route 53 Auto Naming
Service Discovery
Daemon Scheduling
CLI Supports Docker Compose V3
ECS Agent Signed for Security
Faster Launch Times
SSM Parameter Support
Configure shm-size and tmpfs
Docker Container Health Checks
Task metric & metadata endpoint
Docker17.09

Registry

Amazon ECR
Container Registry
• Fully Managed
• Secure
• Highly Available
• Simplified Workflow

Kubernetes – now GA

Kubernetes

57%of Kubernetes workloads
run on AWS today
— Cloud Native Computing Foundation

“Native AWS Integrations.”

”An Open Source Kubernetes Experience.”

E L A S T I C C O N TA I N E R S E RV I C E F O R K U B E R N E T E S
(EKS)

EKS is Kubernetes Certified

EKS
P l a t f o r m f o r
e n t e r p r i s e s t o r u n
p r o d u c t i o n - g r a d e
K u b e r n e t e s - g r a d e
i n s t a l l a t i o n s
EKS
Managed
and
upstream
experience
Seamless,
native
integration
with AWS
services
Contributes
back to
open
source
community

mycluster.eks.amazonaws.com
EKS Workers
kubectl
Amazon EKS
AZ 1 AZ 2 AZ 3
Your AWS account

Semantic Versioning (semver)
v1.10.0
Major Minor Patch
Breaking
Changes
New
Features
Bug fixes
Security

1.9.11.9.2
Version
1.9
Version
1.10
Kubernetes Upgrades

Still managing workers/nodes is hard!

Fargate

AWS Fargate
No cluster or
infrastructure to
manage or scale
Everything is
handled at the
container level
Scale seamlessly
on demand
Underlying technology for container
management

What does Fargate mean?
No worrying about scaling, service mesh, underlying
infrastructure, cluster resources, capacity, setup.
Just give it a task definition or pod (in 2019), set some
resource limits, and away you go.

With Fargate: focus on your
workload (job, container,
function, task) first. Full
stop.

How does this work in practice?
Two launch types for ECS and EKS:
• EC2 (traditional, manage your cluster infrastructure)
• Fargate

TASK CPU MEMORY CONFIGURATIONS
50 different CPU/Memory configurations to choose from
CPU Memory
256 (.25 vCPU) 512MB, 1GB, 2GB
512 (.5 vCPU) 1GB, 2GB, 3GB, 4GB
1024 (1 vCPU) 2GB, 3GB, 4GB, 5GB, 6GB, 7GB, 8GB
2048 (2 vCPU) Between 4GB and 16GB in 1GB increments
4096 (4 vCPU) Between 8GB and 30GB in 1GB increments

PRICING
Per-second billing. 1 minute minimum
Pay for what you provision
Billed for Task level CPU and Memory

This is changing compute!

Treat containers as a fundamental, compute
primitive.
TASKS

• IAM Roles for Tasks
• Task Auto Scaling
• Task Load Balancers
• Task Networking

Focus!

Summary

AWS Container landscape
Amazon ECS Amazon EKS Fargate mode for
ECS
Fargate mode for
EKS
(available 2019)

EKS
Managed Kubernetes on AWS
Highly available Automated
version upgrades
Integration with
other AWS
services
Etcd
Master
Managed
Kubernetes
control plane
CloudTrail, CloudWatch,
ELB, NLB, VPC,
PrivateLink

Fargate
Launch quickly
Scale easily
No infrastructure Resource based pricing
Containers on
demand
Manage everything at
container level

Need help choosing an option?
https://medium.com/containers-on-aws/choosing-your-
container-environment-on-aws-with-ecs-eks-and-
fargate-cfbe416ab1a
@nathanpeck

Getting started
• To get started with EKS: https://aws.amazon.com/eks/
• To get started with Fargate: https://aws.amazon.com/fargate/
• Blogs: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/aws-fargate/
• https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/amazon-elastic-container-service-for-kuber
• Liz Rice from Aquasec on Fargate: https://blog.aquasec.com/securing-struts-in-a
• Nathan Peck from AWS: https://medium.com/containers-on-aws/choosing-your
environment-on-aws-with-ecs-eks-and-fargate-cfbe416ab1a
• Deepak Singh (containers GM at AWS):
https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/containers-on-aws-state-of-th
con201-reinvent-2017

Thank you!
@brentContained

Containers - State of the Union

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