روایی سازه بیشتر از روایی محتوایی و روایی ملاکی جنبه نظری دارد. بنا به تعریف، یک آزمون در صورتی دارای روایی سازه است که نمرات حاصل از اجرای آن به مفاهیم یا سازههای نظریه مورد نظر مربوط باشد. برای مثال یک آزمون یا پرسشنامه اضطراب در صورتی دارای روایی سازه است که نمرات حاصل از آن به سازههایی که در نظریههای اضطراب آمدهاند، ارتباط داشته باشد.
Intensive interviewing is a way of generating data for qualitative research.
It typically means a gently guided, one-sided conversation that explores research participants’ perspective on their personal experience with the research topic.
This topic may be broad and fluid such as the life histories of people who grew up during the Cold War era, or much narrower and more focused such as local elementary school teachers’ views of learning assessment policies and practices.
امروزه خانه ها و وسايل آنها به گونه اي طراحي و يا بازسازي مي شوند كه براي همه افراد خانواده، صرف نظر از توانايي هاي فيزيكي آنها، قابل استفاده و راحت باشند. به طور مثال، نصب آينه هاي تمام قد امكان استفاده مناسب را براي كودكان و افرادي كه بر روي ويلچر هستند فراهم مي كند؛ يا نصب دستگيره هاي ميله اي براي حفظ تعادل در دستشويي و حمام مي تواند براي همه مفيد باشد.
بنابراين تقاضاي افراد در آيند هاي نزديك به سمتي مي رود كه خانه ها بايد به گونه اي طراحي و تجهيز شوند كه تجهيزات و وسايل در يك اندازه براي همه افراد قابل استفاده باشد؛ هر چندگاه كاربردهاي اختصاصي
وسايل باعث مي شود تا عمومي شدن كاربرد يك وسيله بسيار دشوار شود.
در این اسلاید شما می توانید به انواع تئوری های آموزشی ارائه شده دسترسی پیدا کنید. در این اسلاید سعی شده تا تمام و کمال به بررسی نظریه های قدیم و جدید در زمینه آموزش پرداخته شود.
common ask question:
Is memory loss a natural part of ageing?
Why can’t I remember as well as my wife?
Is it normal to write notes to myself?
Why can’t I remember names?
Is it normal to forget why I went into the kitchen?
Sometimes my mind just goes blank, normal?
Can I slow age related memory changes?
This document outlines guidelines for creating an age-friendly built environment and community. It discusses how outdoor spaces, buildings, transportation, housing, social participation, respect, civic participation, communication, and health services should be designed to be accessible, safe, and meet the needs of older residents. The goal is to promote active aging and ensure seniors can live independently with dignity and enjoyment.
King's theory
Historical background.
Origin of the Conceptual Model
Strategies for Knowledge Development of the system framework.
King's theory Assumptions.
World View
Unique focus of the model
Basic paradigm concepts.
The three dimensional Nursing Process based on King's Theory.
Relationship Among the four Process of nursing .
Propositions of the model.
Concepts and Components of the framework.
Influences from other scholars.
Model of transaction
Intensive interviewing is a way of generating data for qualitative research.
It typically means a gently guided, one-sided conversation that explores research participants’ perspective on their personal experience with the research topic.
This topic may be broad and fluid such as the life histories of people who grew up during the Cold War era, or much narrower and more focused such as local elementary school teachers’ views of learning assessment policies and practices.
امروزه خانه ها و وسايل آنها به گونه اي طراحي و يا بازسازي مي شوند كه براي همه افراد خانواده، صرف نظر از توانايي هاي فيزيكي آنها، قابل استفاده و راحت باشند. به طور مثال، نصب آينه هاي تمام قد امكان استفاده مناسب را براي كودكان و افرادي كه بر روي ويلچر هستند فراهم مي كند؛ يا نصب دستگيره هاي ميله اي براي حفظ تعادل در دستشويي و حمام مي تواند براي همه مفيد باشد.
بنابراين تقاضاي افراد در آيند هاي نزديك به سمتي مي رود كه خانه ها بايد به گونه اي طراحي و تجهيز شوند كه تجهيزات و وسايل در يك اندازه براي همه افراد قابل استفاده باشد؛ هر چندگاه كاربردهاي اختصاصي
وسايل باعث مي شود تا عمومي شدن كاربرد يك وسيله بسيار دشوار شود.
در این اسلاید شما می توانید به انواع تئوری های آموزشی ارائه شده دسترسی پیدا کنید. در این اسلاید سعی شده تا تمام و کمال به بررسی نظریه های قدیم و جدید در زمینه آموزش پرداخته شود.
common ask question:
Is memory loss a natural part of ageing?
Why can’t I remember as well as my wife?
Is it normal to write notes to myself?
Why can’t I remember names?
Is it normal to forget why I went into the kitchen?
Sometimes my mind just goes blank, normal?
Can I slow age related memory changes?
This document outlines guidelines for creating an age-friendly built environment and community. It discusses how outdoor spaces, buildings, transportation, housing, social participation, respect, civic participation, communication, and health services should be designed to be accessible, safe, and meet the needs of older residents. The goal is to promote active aging and ensure seniors can live independently with dignity and enjoyment.
King's theory
Historical background.
Origin of the Conceptual Model
Strategies for Knowledge Development of the system framework.
King's theory Assumptions.
World View
Unique focus of the model
Basic paradigm concepts.
The three dimensional Nursing Process based on King's Theory.
Relationship Among the four Process of nursing .
Propositions of the model.
Concepts and Components of the framework.
Influences from other scholars.
Model of transaction
Objectives for this present are to define:
terminology
explain principles of drug action
describe pharmacokinetic functions
principles of pharmacodynamics
identify adverse drug reactions
The document discusses various screening tools that can be used to assess frailty. It provides descriptions of 20 different frailty screening tools, including what components they assess (such as physical functioning, cognition, nutrition), how they are scored, and their validation results showing sensitivity, specificity and ability to predict frailty. It also includes links to online calculators for tools like the SHARE Frailty Index and provides examples of how to interpret the scores from tools like the Groningen Frailty Index.
Aging is associated with cognitive decline, and older subjects can have demonstrable cognitive impairment without crossing the threshold for dementia.
This condition has been termed “mild cognitive impairment” (MCI), and these patients have an increased risk of developing dementia, especially Alzheimer disease (AD).
Studies conducted in referral clinics have shown that patients with MCI progress to AD at a rate of 10% to 15% per year, and 80% of these patients have converted to AD after approximately 6 years of follow-up.
The identification and classification of MCI can be a major challenge.
Bibliometrics literally means "book measurement" but the term is used about all kinds of documents (with journal articles as the dominant kind of document).
What is measured are not the physical properties of documents but statistical patterns in variables such as authorship, sources, subjects, geographical origins, and citations.
Irrespective of study design, the first step in the process of avoiding any type of bias is the proper definition and articulation of the research question.
Consequently, this step will lead to a number of questions that need to be adequately addressed by the investigator during the planning stage of research:
what kind of information are required to answer this question in the study in terms of exposure, outcome, and possible confounders?
what is the most appropriate method to collect these information?
how to achieve comparable accuracy of data collection between the study groups?
یکی از روشهایی که برای دستهبندی دادهها به کار میرود روش آنالیز عامل است. در این روش گزینههایي که به هم نزدیکترند، در یک عامل جمع میشوند و بدين صورت سازههای داخل یک ابزار مشخص میگردد. تحلیل عاملی یک روش آماری است که بهعنوان روشی شناختهشده برای تعیین دسته سؤالات مربوط به هم بکار میرود. این روش برای مشخص کردن و گروهبندی اندازههای متفاوت بعضی صفات مهم و برای تشخیص آنها از صفات مختلف به کار میرود. بهطورکلی آنالیز عاملی به دو نوع تقسیم میشود.
1- آنالیز عاملی اکتشافی Exploratory Factor Analysis
2- آنالیز عاملی تأییدی Confirmatory Factor Analysis
The document discusses self-management strategies for elderly individuals. It describes 7 steps to self-management: goal setting, self-monitoring, antecedent manipulations, behavioral contracting, using consequences, social support, and self-instructions/praise. It also discusses devising a self-management plan, which involves defining target behaviors, functional assessment, selecting strategies, and evaluating changes. Finally, it categorizes self-management strategies as situation-oriented, cognitive, or impulse/emotion suppression strategies and emphasizes focusing on how to achieve goals rather than just the goals themselves.
Education and learning are assumed to be important factors in facilitating participation and allowing adults to enjoy a positive quality of life as they .
Participation within the broader community is important purely for enjoyment and recreation, and also to allow older people to adapt to changes within the environment in areas such as technology, lifestyle, finances and health.
The ability to solve problems and adapt to change are strong predictors of active ageing.
The two-process model
The sleep-wake system is thought to be regulated by the interplay of two major processes, one that promotes sleep (process S) and one that maintains wakefulness (process C).
Process S is the homeostatic drive for sleep.
The need for sleep (process S) accumulates across the day, peaks just before bedtime at night and dissipates throughout the night.
Caring physically for the elderly
A: Plan Ahead
B: Keep your loved one active
C: Exercise Program
D: Keep an eye on their physical and mental health
E: Speak to your loved one's pharmacist
F: Get help with driving
Discuss finances
H: Discuss legal issues
H: Find shared meals or make food for them
I: Consider a home caregiver to help the elderly person
J: Consider a senior home or center.
The assessment and identification of health need is a process that helps:
Inform planning of health care for individuals and their families, communities and the wider population.
It can be a powerful learning tool for local service providers, presenting them with the rationale for re-designing services to better target assessed needs of the local population.
While this list represents the desirable attributes of indicators most useful for these purposes, it is recognized that few indicators are likely to meet all of these criteria.
Hence, these criteria serve as a benchmark for weighing the potential costs and benefits of selecting one indicator over another.
More Related Content
More from Kashan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Objectives for this present are to define:
terminology
explain principles of drug action
describe pharmacokinetic functions
principles of pharmacodynamics
identify adverse drug reactions
The document discusses various screening tools that can be used to assess frailty. It provides descriptions of 20 different frailty screening tools, including what components they assess (such as physical functioning, cognition, nutrition), how they are scored, and their validation results showing sensitivity, specificity and ability to predict frailty. It also includes links to online calculators for tools like the SHARE Frailty Index and provides examples of how to interpret the scores from tools like the Groningen Frailty Index.
Aging is associated with cognitive decline, and older subjects can have demonstrable cognitive impairment without crossing the threshold for dementia.
This condition has been termed “mild cognitive impairment” (MCI), and these patients have an increased risk of developing dementia, especially Alzheimer disease (AD).
Studies conducted in referral clinics have shown that patients with MCI progress to AD at a rate of 10% to 15% per year, and 80% of these patients have converted to AD after approximately 6 years of follow-up.
The identification and classification of MCI can be a major challenge.
Bibliometrics literally means "book measurement" but the term is used about all kinds of documents (with journal articles as the dominant kind of document).
What is measured are not the physical properties of documents but statistical patterns in variables such as authorship, sources, subjects, geographical origins, and citations.
Irrespective of study design, the first step in the process of avoiding any type of bias is the proper definition and articulation of the research question.
Consequently, this step will lead to a number of questions that need to be adequately addressed by the investigator during the planning stage of research:
what kind of information are required to answer this question in the study in terms of exposure, outcome, and possible confounders?
what is the most appropriate method to collect these information?
how to achieve comparable accuracy of data collection between the study groups?
یکی از روشهایی که برای دستهبندی دادهها به کار میرود روش آنالیز عامل است. در این روش گزینههایي که به هم نزدیکترند، در یک عامل جمع میشوند و بدين صورت سازههای داخل یک ابزار مشخص میگردد. تحلیل عاملی یک روش آماری است که بهعنوان روشی شناختهشده برای تعیین دسته سؤالات مربوط به هم بکار میرود. این روش برای مشخص کردن و گروهبندی اندازههای متفاوت بعضی صفات مهم و برای تشخیص آنها از صفات مختلف به کار میرود. بهطورکلی آنالیز عاملی به دو نوع تقسیم میشود.
1- آنالیز عاملی اکتشافی Exploratory Factor Analysis
2- آنالیز عاملی تأییدی Confirmatory Factor Analysis
The document discusses self-management strategies for elderly individuals. It describes 7 steps to self-management: goal setting, self-monitoring, antecedent manipulations, behavioral contracting, using consequences, social support, and self-instructions/praise. It also discusses devising a self-management plan, which involves defining target behaviors, functional assessment, selecting strategies, and evaluating changes. Finally, it categorizes self-management strategies as situation-oriented, cognitive, or impulse/emotion suppression strategies and emphasizes focusing on how to achieve goals rather than just the goals themselves.
Education and learning are assumed to be important factors in facilitating participation and allowing adults to enjoy a positive quality of life as they .
Participation within the broader community is important purely for enjoyment and recreation, and also to allow older people to adapt to changes within the environment in areas such as technology, lifestyle, finances and health.
The ability to solve problems and adapt to change are strong predictors of active ageing.
The two-process model
The sleep-wake system is thought to be regulated by the interplay of two major processes, one that promotes sleep (process S) and one that maintains wakefulness (process C).
Process S is the homeostatic drive for sleep.
The need for sleep (process S) accumulates across the day, peaks just before bedtime at night and dissipates throughout the night.
Caring physically for the elderly
A: Plan Ahead
B: Keep your loved one active
C: Exercise Program
D: Keep an eye on their physical and mental health
E: Speak to your loved one's pharmacist
F: Get help with driving
Discuss finances
H: Discuss legal issues
H: Find shared meals or make food for them
I: Consider a home caregiver to help the elderly person
J: Consider a senior home or center.
The assessment and identification of health need is a process that helps:
Inform planning of health care for individuals and their families, communities and the wider population.
It can be a powerful learning tool for local service providers, presenting them with the rationale for re-designing services to better target assessed needs of the local population.
While this list represents the desirable attributes of indicators most useful for these purposes, it is recognized that few indicators are likely to meet all of these criteria.
Hence, these criteria serve as a benchmark for weighing the potential costs and benefits of selecting one indicator over another.
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