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Connecting to Web Services



            Sean Sullivan
    Android Dev Camp Amsterdam
           8 January 2009
+
•   HTTP
•   XML
•   JSON
•   OAuth
HTTP request


XML response
http://code.google.com/p/jfireeagle
jfireeagle uses:
     • HttpClient API
     • XStream
     • OAuth Java library
“An open protocol to allow secure API
authorization in a simple and standard method
from desktop and web applications”
• use OAuth to access protected data
• your application needs to obtain an access
  token from the service provider
• service provider will issue access token
  after the user grants permission
+




http://code.google.com/p/oauth
+


jfireeagle

   http://code.google.com/p/jfireeagle/wiki/Android

jpoco

    http://code.google.com/p/jpoco/wiki/Android
+ HTTP
Option 1
  • java.net.URL
  • java.net.HttpURLConnection
Option 2
  • HttpClient 4.0 API
HttpClient 4.0 API


•   org.apache.http.client.HttpClient
•   org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient
HttpClient 4.0 API

• org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet
• org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost
• org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut
• org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete
HttpClient 4.0 API

•   org.apache.http.HttpResponse
•   org.apache.http.StatusLine
•   org.apache.http.HttpEntity
•   org.apache.http.utils.EntityUtils
HttpClient programming

• HTTP response status code
• I/O exceptions
• timeouts
• gzip?
HttpClient programming

synchronous invocation
  public HttpResponse execute(HttpUriRequest request)




asynchronous invocation
  public HttpResponse execute(HttpUriRequest request,

                             ResponseHandler handler)
Android UI thread

• user clicks on button
• onClick listener
• Don’t block the UI thread!
• Tip: use java.lang.Runnable
Response formats

• XML
• JSON
• RSS, Atom
• other
XML processing
• org.w3c.dom package (DOM)
• org.xml.sax package (SAX)
• org.xmlpull package (XPP3)
• XStream
• JDOM
• Apache XmlBeans *

                          * does not work on Android 1.0
JSON processing
• org.json package
• Google GSON library   *


• XStream + Jettison
                   *


• json-lib
        *




                            * does not work on Android 1.0
Client libraries
• code.google.com/p/jfireeagle
• code.google.com/p/jpoco
• code.google.com/p/meetup-java-client
• code.google.com/p/upcoming-java-client
• code.google.com/p/gdata-java-client
• flickrj.sourceforge.net
Conclusion

• HttpClient API
• use XStream for XML processing
• use org.json package for JSON processing
• OAuth has a learning curve
• OAuth affects user experience
Thank you
Resources

•   http://code.google.com/android/documentation.html

•   http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client

•   http://code.google.com/p/oauth

•   http://xstream.codehaus.org

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