Concept Note Truck Traceability CASA.pdf

THIS IS CONFIDENTIAL PROPERTY FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF NUMADIC LTD.
CONCEPT NOTE ON TRUCK DIGITAL
TRACEABILITY SOLUTIONS IN CASA
COUNTRIES
Romain Pison

Short, medium and long term digital
solutions to enhance truck logistics
traceability, restore trade-related
confidence and dampen the impacts
of shocks on industries, national
economies and regional exchanges

3
1
2
3
TOLL BASED TRACKING
SIM BASED TRACKING
INDEX
GPS BASED TRACKING
4
BACKGROUND, CONTEXT AND BASELINE
ROAD MAP
5

TOLL BASED TRACKING
BACKGROUND, CONTEXT AND
BASELINE

BACKGROUND
WHAT IS TRACKING
Short introduction on truck vs good tracking and operational
feasibility in the context of Afghanistan
shippers need for "dynamic ETA” for estimated time of
arrival and the "ability to escalate" failures and delays
Granularity to track load and shipments based on type of
commodities (yes for meds, no for green beans..)

CONTEXT
WHO NEEDS TRACKING, WHAT NEEDS TO BE TRACKED AND WHY
Interior and
Health authorities
For traders
For Customs
Load tracked to know where cargo is in real time
Tracing for transit traffic, TIR, O/D
Truck driver visa control, COVID tracking and hours worked
Donors Transparency and traceability of financed items
Pharma Industry Smuggling, counterfeit…

BASELINE
HIGH TRANSPORTS COSTS AND BOTTLENECKS IN THE REGION HAVE BEEN FURTHER
EXACERBATED BY THE COVID CRISIS AND FURTHER ECONOMIC SHOCKS
CAREC
CPMM
Trucking related
dispute payments
Logistics/ trucking
processing costs
TBC TBC TBC
Overall loss
for the economy
TBC

BASELINE AND CONTEXT
Large sections of Afghanistan’s rural population had inadequate access to essential health care
services (Research conducted by the European Asylum Support Office (EASO)

OPPORTUNITIES PROVIDED BY BLOCKCHAIN TRACEABILITY
December 2019
July 2019
https://www.forbes.com/sites/darrynpollock/2019/12/09/ca
n-afghanistan-catapult-its-healthcare-sector-forward-with-
blockchain/#48505b7a28a3
July 2020

OPPORTUNITIES PROVIDED BY BLOCKCHAIN TRACEABILITY
Ongoing assessments of the COVID impact on trade across the LDCs show that the failure of market-oriented,
productive-sector interventions to boost sales and product offerings is a major economic risk. Analysis conducted
by the Enhanced Integrated Framework (EIF) (assessing dedicated COVID-19 risk management action sheets across
the LDCs), shows that this is a cross-cutting global risk that could broadly impact export earnings and the human
development indicators in these countries.
Blockchain is well suited for targeted LDC interventions in trade finance, customs clearance, transportation
and logistics, trade in goods and services as well as government procurement.
Inefficient border procedures are time consuming and costly, becoming a key area of trade policy focus. Cross-
border trade is also heavily impacted as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing inefficiencies have in many
LDCs now been compounded by complete border closures.
Blockchain presents an opportunity to further enhance efforts at trade digitalisation. One example is automating
paperless trade measures and border procedures that involve exchange of documents and data between actors.
The highly secure, decentralised and distributed nature of blockchain enhances the exchange of information and
opens new opportunities for more effective cooperation.

SHORTLIST OF OPTIONS
Reasons

TOLL BASED TRACKING

TOLL BASED VEHICLE TRACKING
THERE IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO CREATE AND LEVERAGE A DATABASE OF VEHICLE MOVEMENT
VIA RFID IN OUR CASA COUNTRIES.
(1) Taliban’s operated tolling system for truck operations. Trucks pay a toll at any control point (but
only one) on the highways, the amount of the toll being determined by the product being transported
and the origin and destination of the trip. (2) Government control points are informal and temporary,
and without any specified tolls. Tariffs depends on specific control point and is negotiable. There is a
recent expansion in the number of government check points, mostly at the borders between
provinces where tolls are now regularly charged, sometimes at allegedly exorbitant rates.

TOLL BASED VEHICLE TRACKING
System provider
System can support blockchain-based
serialization project, providing sophisticated
track-and-trace capabilities to donors, or high-
value commodities such as pharmaceuticals

REQUIREMENTS AND EXPECTATIONS
PROS
CONSENT REQUIRED
TECHNOLOGY
● Provider to share APIs and
documentation to integrate
with Ministry’s system
● Provider to install and operate
web application to track the
vehicles
● Consent from the RFID
provider to get RFID related
data to be used as the
solution
● Permission of the fleet
operator whose fleet you
need to track via the RFID
data
● Investment in GPS
devices is not required
● Seamless access to
vehicle location and
easy integration
● RFID database keeps on
growing
● E-way bill required to
track any vehicles
● Does not provide real
time location of the
vehicle
CONS
POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION
● TBC

SIM BASED TRACKING

SIM BASED VEHICLE TRACKING
ALMOST ALL DRIVERS HAVE
MOBILE PHONES
AND HENCE CAN BE TRACKED
The trucking industry in Afghanistan is fragmented as is that in many CASA countries, with a
large number of small family businesses (with up to five trucks) providing the majority of the
sector capacity, and a few large companies (with fifty trucks or more) providing most of the
remainder. This has for consequence that truckers drive more than 50% of the time with partial
or empty loads.

SIM BASED VEHICLE TRACKING
ALMOST ALL DRIVERS HAVE
MOBILE PHONES
AND HENCE CAN BE TRACKED
System provider

PROS
CONSENT REQUIRED
TECHNOLOGY
● Provider to share APIs
and documentation to
integrate with Ministry’s
system
● Provider to set and
operate web application
to track the vehicles
● Consent from the vehicle
driver to track the
movement when they
are carrying your
consignment
● No investment on
hardware
● As all the driver has a
sim card they can be
tracked
● TBC
● Driver cannot be
tracked if there is no
network or sim card is
removed
CONS

GPS BASED TRACKING

GPS BASED VEHICLE TRACKING
REAL TIME LOCATION VIA GPS HARDWARE AND ALERTS CAN BE APPLIED TO OUR COUNTRIES
EITHER THROUGH E
-CMR OR E
-TIR COMPLIANT PROCESSES
TBC (on E-TIR and E-CMR compliant baseline)

GPS BASED VEHICLE AND TRACKING
REAL TIME LOCATION VIA GPS HARDWARE AND ALERTS
System provider
Compliance with E-
TIR of E
-CMR systems
System can support blockchain-based
serialization project, providing sophisticated
track-and-trace capabilities to donors, or high-
value commodities such as pharmaceuticals

PROS
CONSENT REQUIRED
TECHNOLOGY
● Highly responsive APIs and
hardware with high ping rate
● Providers to install and
operate web application to
track the vehicles
● Providers to set up APIs to
inject data from devices of
third party vehicles
● Consent third party fleet
owners to integrate with
their devices to track
them
● Can integrate with
existing GPS hardware
● Realtime location of the
vehicles you are dealing
with
CONS
● Investment in GPS
hardware for vehicles
with no tracking
hardware
● TBC

SPECIFIC REGIONAL TRANSIT COVID RELATED
DRIVER TRACKING
RECTS Kenya truck
drivers equivalent
TBC

● Estimated cost
RECOMMENDED SOLUTION / PROJECT DESIGN
● Project Design
● Capacity building for pilot

● Short term
ROAD MAP
● Medium Term
● Long Term
● Short term: addressing challenges linked to COVID-19 on transport performance
● Medium term: increasing traceability of goods particularly food and pharmaceuticals
● Long term: increasing resilience to external shocks and overall efficiency

THANK YOU.

Concept Note Truck Traceability CASA.pdf

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Concept Note Truck Traceability CASA.pdf