This document defines and describes different types of variables that are used in research studies: independent variables which are presumed causes, dependent variables which are presumed effects, moderating variables which influence the strength of the connection between independent and dependent variables, control variables which can influence dependent variables and are controlled statistically, and mediating/intervening variables which exist between independent and dependent variables and help explain their relationship.

1. What is
Concept
Map?

2. Concept Map

3. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
is “presumed cause” of the research problem
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
is “presumed effect” of the research problem
MODERATING VARIABLE
is an independent variable which influences
the direction and the strength of the connection
between independent and dependent variables.

4. CONTROL VARIABLE
special type of independent variable that can
influence the dependent variable.
it takes an active role in quantitative studies.
statistical procedures are used to control this
variable
is useful to integrate the control variables into your
research study, but it is not the main focus

5. MEDIATING VARIABLE OR INTERVENING VARIABLE
is an element that exist between the independent and
dependent variable
helps to understand the effects of the independent
variable on the dependent variable.
is a variable that describes the effect and influence of
the relationship between variables and what is controlling
the relationship
also called as correlated or mediator variables

6. Thank You!