The document discusses comparative adjectives and how they change by adding "-er" or removing the final "e" and adding "-er". It provides examples of one-syllable adjectives that follow the rule of adding "-er", such as "big" becoming "bigger", as well as adjectives ending in "e" that follow the rule of removing the "e" and adding "-er", like "happy" becoming "happier". The document asks if a rule can be found and presents the rule for adjectives with one or more syllables ending in a consonant and the rule for adjectives ending in "e".