Plcc

1. SL.NO TOPIC
2-4 PLCC AND MEATHOD OF PLCC COUPLING
5 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 650W COUPLING DEVICE
6 FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT FUNCTIONED USED IN PLCC
7 CVT (CAPACITOR VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER)
8 WAVE TRAP
9 INDOOR PLCC EQUIPMENT
10-13 FIBER OPTICS
14-17 OPGW
18-19 ADSS FIBER OPTICS CABLE
20-21 APPROACH CABLE
22-25 JOINT BOX
26-28 FIBER PATCH CORDS
29-31 OTDR
32 NETWORK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
33 OPTICAL INTERFACE SELECTION
INDEX
34-36 SFP

10. What is Fiber Optics Cable?
*Fiber optic cables are made of a thin strand of glass or plastic and
carry data signals in the form of light waves. This allows them to
carry much higher bandwidth applications than conventional cables.
Optical fiber cables can easily transfer data, audio, and other data
because they have up to 100 Gbps bandwidth.
What are the 2 types of fiber optic cable?
Single-mode fiber (SMF) and multimode fiber (MMF) are two main
types of optical fiber, differing primarily in core size and light
propagation characteristics, with SMF having a smaller core and
supporting a single light path, ideal for long-distance, high-bandwidth
applications, while MMF has a larger core and supports multiple light
paths, suitable for shorter distances and lower bandwidth needs.

11. Single-Mode Fiber (SMF):
• Has a very narrow core diameter (typically around 9
microns).
• Allows only one mode (or path) of light to travel through the
fiber.
• This single-path nature results in minimal signal distortion
and allows for long-distance transmission with high
bandwidth.
Multimode Fiber (MMF):
• Has a larger core diameter (typically 50 or 62.5 microns).
• Allows multiple modes (or paths) of light to travel
simultaneously.
• However, this can lead to signal dispersion and attenuation,
limiting the transmission distance.

12. Feature Single-Mode Fiber (SMF) Multimode Fiber (MMF)
Core Diameter Small (e.g., 9 microns) Large (e.g., 50 or 62.5
microns)
Light Propagation Single mode (single path) Multiple modes (multiple
paths)
Bandwidth High bandwidth Lower bandwidth
Distance Long-distance
transmission
Short-distance
transmission
Applications Long-haul
telecommunications,
high-speed data
transmission over long
distances
LANs, data centers,
shorter-distance
applications
Cost Generally more
expensive
Generally less expensive
Ease of Installation More challenging to
install and terminate
Easier to install and
terminate
Color Coding Typically yellow Typically orange or aqua
Key Differences and Applications:
In summary: Choose SMF for long distances and high bandwidth needs, while
MMF is suitable for shorter distances and lower bandwidth applications where
cost is a factor

14. What is OPGW?
Optical Ground Wire (OPGW) is a type of cable that combines data transmission and
grounding functions in overhead power lines. It's used in the electric utility industry for a
variety of applications, including high-voltage transmission lines, wind farms, and solar
farms. Optical Ground Wire is a dual functioning cable, meaning it serves two purposes. It
is designed to replace traditional static / shield / earth wires on overhead transmission lines
with the added benefit of containing optical fibers which can be used for
telecommunications purposes.

18. What is ADSS fiber optic cable?
All-dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) cable is a type of optical fiber cable
that is strong enough to support itself between structures without using
conductive metal elements.

19. What is the Use of ADSS?
*ADSS (All-dielectric Self-supporting) optical fibre cable is atype of self-
supporting aerial fiber optic cable designed for aerial installation and
deployment and is suitable for various outdoor applications. This thorough
overview will cover the definition, structure, benefits, and applications of
ADSS fiber cables.
What is the difference between OPGW and ADSS?
*OPGW cables are typically designed for temperatures ranging from -40°C to
85°C, while ADSS cables are typically designed for temperatures ranging from
-40°C to 70°C. This means that OPGW cables are more suitable for extreme
temperature environments, while ADSS cables are more suitable for milder
conditions.

20. What is Fiber Optic Appraoch Cable?
* A "fiber optic approach cable" is a specialized type of fiber optic
cable used to connect the main, overhead fiber optic lines to indoor
fiber optic distribution panels, typically found in buildings or on
transmission towers; essentially acting as a bridge between the long-
distance cable and the internal network, allowing for proper signal
delivery within a structure.

21. Key points about fiber optic approach cables:
• Function:
They are designed to facilitate the transition from the larger, outdoor
fiber optic cable to smaller, more manageable cables suitable for indoor
installations.
• Placement:
Usually installed within cable ducts or conduit systems, connecting the
outside fiber optic line to the building's internal network.
• Construction:
Often have a flexible design with smaller fiber counts compared to
long-distance cables, allowing for easier bending and routing within
confined spaces.

22. What is the purpose of a joint box in an optical fiber
cable?
• An optical fiber cable joint box, also known as a
fiber optic junction box, connects and protects optical
fibers. It's a key component in communication
optical cables, and is used to connect and arrange
optical fibers.

24. What it does
• Connects optical fibers: Joint boxes permanently connect
two or more optical cables together.
• Protects optical fibers: Joint boxes protect optical fibers
from external environmental factors.
• Stores optical fibers: Joint boxes can store reserved optical
fibers.
• Seals optical fibers: Joint boxes seal incoming cables to
protect the connection.
• Accommodates different fiber cable diameters: Joint boxes
can accommodate different fiber cable diameters.

25. Why it's important
• Joint boxes are important for the quality and lifespan
of optical cable routes.
• Joint boxes are used in communication networks, such
as fiber optic broadband and mobile phone signals

26. What is a fiber patch cord?
• A patch cable, patch cord or patch lead is an electrical
or fiber-optic cable used to connect ("patch in") one
electronic or optical device to another for signal
routing. Devices of different types (e.g., a switch
connected to a computer, or a switch to a router) are
connected with patch cords.

29. What is OTDR?
An Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) is a tool used to
test and maintain optical fiber cables. It works by sending a laser
pulse through the fiber and measuring how much light reflects
back. The OTDR then uses the reflected light to create a visual
representation of the fiber's condition and performance.

30. What it does
• Measures fiber condition
Determines the quality of the fiber, including its length,
attenuation, and signal loss
• Identifies issues
Finds problems like cuts, breaks, and poor connections
• Troubleshoots
Helps identify the cause of issues like signal loss and poor
installation practices
• Verifies performance
Confirms the number of connections and verifies the quality of the
installation

31. How it works
1. The OTDR sends a series of laser pulses into the fiber
2. The pulses reflect back from various points along the fiber
3. The OTDR measures the amount of light reflected at each point
4. The OTDR analyzes the reflected light to determine the fiber's
performance
5. The OTDR displays the results to the user
Wavelength 1310 nm 1550 nm
Dynamic Range 35 dB 40 dB
Typical maximum OTDR
measurement range 80 km 150 km
What is the maximum distance for OTDR?

35. *In fiber optics, SFP (Small Form-factor Pluggable) refers to a hot-
swappable, compact transceiver module used to connect network
devices to fiber optic or copper cables, enabling flexible and
efficient data transmission.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
 What it is:
SFP is a standardized, compact, hot-pluggable transceiver module
that fits into an SFP port on networking equipment like switches
and routers.
 Function:
SFP modules convert electrical signals from network devices into
optical signals for transmission over fiber optic cables and vice
versa.

36.  Flexibility:
SFP modules allow for the use of different types of cables
(fiber optic or copper) and speeds, making them versatile for
various network applications.
 Hot-swappable:
SFP modules can be inserted or removed from the SFP port
without powering down the network device, providing
convenience and flexibility for network maintenance and
upgrades.
 Common Usage:
SFP modules are widely used in networking equipment like
switches, routers, and network interface cards (NICs) to
facilitate high-speed data transmission over fiber optic or
copper cables.
 Alternatives:
SFP+ and SFP28 are upgraded versions of SFP modules that
support higher data rates.

37. THANKING
YOU