2. TEAM-BASED ORGANIZATION Structured around interdependent decision-making groups (not individual) TEAMS-groups of employees w/ representation from a variety of areas in an organization (ex. Sales, manufacturing…) This helps in the cross-functional exchange of information. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_r9HjvSsek
3. TYPES OF TEAMS Project Teams Work Teams Quality-Improvement Teams Virtual Teams
4. Project Teams Help coordinate Usually made up of different members Facilitates horizontal flow of authority,
5. Work Teams Employees responsible for the entire work process Resides together, outlines its own work flow Aid organization’s efficiency Working in teams results in a “strong” outcome
6. Work Teams Continued… Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) This process may encourage team members’ motivation and dedication to the team approach as well as the company itself.
7. Quality Improvement Teams Goals are to improve customer satisfaction, evaluate and improve team performance, and reduce costs. Made up of members from a variety of areas to bring different perspectives. Generate innovative ideas
8. Virtual Teams A group of individuals who work across time, space, and organizational boundaries with links strengthened by webs of communication technology. They have complementary skills
9. Communicative Dimensions of Teamwork Roles Norms Decision-Making Process Management of Conflict and Consensus Cultural Diversity in Teams
10. Roles Consistent patterns of interactions within a team. 3 broad types of communication roles 1. Task Role 2. Maintenance Role 3. Self-centered Role
11. Task Role Summarizes and evaluates the team’s ideas and progress idea-generating process Maintenance Role Relieves group tension or pressure Reconcile conflict or disagreement
12. Self-centered Role Seeks to dominate the groups discussions and work Divert the group’s attention from serious issues by making them seem unimportan Always considered inappropriate and unproductive
13. Norms The informal rules that designate the boundaries of acceptable behavior within a group Shaped by the national and organizational culture andpersonal agendas Often passed down through time by a culture or society
14. Decision-Making Processes More effective than individual decision making Gets more team members involved and generates more ideas and information Groupthink - a concept that refers to faulty decision-making in a group.
15. Decision Making Continued Stages for finding the best recommendation or course of action 1.Orentation 2. Conflict 3.Emergence 4. Reinforcement
16. Management of Conflict and Consensus Conflict- interaction of interdependent people who perceive opposition of goals, aims, and values. How to solve conflicts in a group: Collaboration- emphasizes high assertiveness combined with high levels of cooperation.
17. Cultural Diversity in Teams Cultural diversity is becoming more popular but have researchers concerned with the effects of cultural differences on team member communication. Negotiation is a key to managing intercultural team differences. There are four phases in the negotiation process.
18. Negotiation Phases 1. Developing relationships with others-build trust and adapt to cultural differences 2. Exchanging info about topics under negotiation
19. Negotiation Phases Continued… 3. Recognizing multicultural techniques of persuasion 4. Emphasizing the role of concession in achieving agreement
20. Team Learning Team Learning is an “alignment” or the “functioning of the whole” Applying the principles and practices of ‘dialogue’ to make the learning happen. The Ladder of Inference-------
21. A Retreat from Teams? Successful team formation: Teams are only as good as their members Teams must be trained in group decision making and communication Only some decisions can be assigned to teams
22. Applied to the NWSF (Northwest social Forum) Teams in the NWSF Virtual Teams were not a part of communication in the NWSF Did the teams function as a whole? Work together?
23. Cultural Diversity in the NWSF Cultural Diversity was an issue in the NWSF Communication issues --- a problem due to cultural diversity Roles---unclear Norms—Different norms in different places Decision-Making Process
Editor's Notes
Coordinate-the successful completion of a particular project
ESOP--is an employee benefit plan which makes the employees of a company owners of stock in that company
Also helps to identify problems within a company and recommended ways to solve them.
Virtual teams also are committed to a common purpose, have interdependent performance goals, and share an approach to work for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.
Task Role--Initiates the idea-generating process by offering new ideas and/or suggestionsMaintenance Role--Ex. Telling a joke or changing the subject of a conversation
EX.---Attending meetings on time, being prepared, meeting deadlines
---Groupthink occurs when groups are highly cohesive and when they are under considerable pressure to make a quality decision.
Orentation-get to know one another Conflict-express and debate different ideas Emergence-moving toward actions Reinforcement-marked by a strongspirit of cooperation and accomplishments among team members.
Exchange info--respond to questions w/ other questions that open up the team dialog. This helps to show interest, to control and clarify ideas.
3.-using “we” instead of “I” is more persuasive. Using words such as must, should and ought is viewed as arrogant by members of non-western cultures. 4. -using “If” comments ---Ex. “We can deliver those services if your suppliers can meet this schedule”.
challenging ones that affect many people (simple tasks are better for individuals)
The NWSF Had teams such as Social Forum Planning Committee, Indigenous Programming Committee, Youth Planning Committee and the Film Planning Committee.Function as a whole? No…the teams worked individually but not as a whole and communication was weak.
Communication issues---Cultural diversity is becoming more popular but have researchers concerned with the effects of cultural differences on team member communication.
