commissionerate manual

tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ
hmeywþI
I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
em³UvdhyqhIp¸v, tIcfw
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Vol.I

tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 II
KERALALAND REVENUE MANUAL Vol. I
(Issued by the authority of the Government of Kerala)
Printed and Published by:
The Commissioner Of Land Revenue
First Edition:
February, 2019
Typeset and Layout by:
A.R. Helen
Printed At:
Compiled by:
Sri. G.Balachandran Pillai
Sri.V.T. Gholly and
Smt. Sreelatha Nair.S
No. Of Copies :
Price:
© Copyright reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, printed or
distributed in any form or by any means without prior written permission of the
publisher.
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Vol.I

I½ojWtdäv amzÂIII
tIcfem³UvdhyqamzÂ
hmeyw þ I
I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
DffS¡w
BapJw
`mKwþ I
dhyq `cW Ncn{Xw
1. ]Ým¯ew
2. s]cp-amÄ Im-e-L«w
3. A[n-Imcw AYhm `c-W-{Iaw
4. Ah-Im-i-_Ôw
5. ImgvN AYhm Np¦w
6. mSp-hm-gn-¯-Imew
7. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnsâ DZbw
8. sIm¨n cmPy-¯nsâ DÛhw
9. ae-_mÀþ DZbw
10. ]g-b-Im-es¯ ImkÀtKmUv
11. `qn-Ip-Xn-bpsS DÛhw
12. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iqdqw `qn-Ip-Xnbpw
13. em³Uv dh-yq hIp¸v Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnÂ
14. sIm¨n-bnÂ dhyq hIp-¸nsâ {]hÀ¯m-cw`w
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Vol.I

tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 IV
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Vol.I

I½ojWtdäv amzÂV
BapJw
kwØms¯ dhyq `cW¯nv qämpIfpsS Ncn{XamWpÅXv.
`qanbnÂ AhImi§fpw tImbvaIfpw DSseSp¡pIbpw ImÀjnIhnfIfpsS
hnlnXw F¶ nebnÂ nIpXnIÄ BhnÀ`hn¡pIbpw sNbvXtXmsSbmWv
dhyq `cW¯nv XpS¡amIp¶Xv. `qanbn³taepÅ P·mhImi§fnÂ n¶pw
P·n¯, mSphmgn¯ `cW{Ia§fnte¡pw XpSÀ¶v {]mtZinI
m«pcmPy§fnte¡papÅ hfÀ¨bneqsS em³Uv dhyq `cW{Iaw AXnsâ
]cnWma¯nsâ hnhn[ L«§Ä ]n¶nSpIbmbncp¶p. `qanbn³taepÅ
AhImi§fpw `qanbn³taÂ Npa¯s¸« nIpXnIfpw am{Xw DÄs¡mÅp¶
]cnanXhpw F¶mÂ XnI¨pw hyhØm]nXhpamb `cW{Iaambncp¶p ]gbIme
tIcf¯nsâ `cW kwhn[mw F¶p ImWmhp¶XmWv. {]mtZinI
`q{]`p¡·mcnÂ n¶pw mSphmgnIfnte¡pw m«pcmPy§fnte¡pw Hs¡bpÅ
amähpw C¶p ImWp¶ B[pnI `cW kwhn[m¯nte¡pÅ amä§fpsams¡
]cntim[n¡pt¼mÄ hyhØm]nXamb `cW{Iaw cq]oIrXamb BZy
ImebfhnÂ em³Uv dhyq `cW{Iaw am{Xambncp¶p nen¶ncp¶Xv F¶p
ImWmw. m«p `cWIqS§fnÂ n¶pw cq]s¸« XncphnXmwIqÀ, sIm¨n, ae_mÀ,
ku¯v Imd F¶n§sbpÅ hyhØm]nX `cWIqS§fnÂ n¶pamWv C¶p
ImWp¶ sFIytIcfw cq]oIrXambn«pÅXv.
`cWIqSamä§Äs¡m¸w nenÂ¡pIbpw sNdnb sNdnb amä§Ä¡p
hnt[bamsb¦nepw C¶pw nenÂ¡pIbpw sNbvXpt]mcp¶ `cWIqS
k{¼Zmb§fpsS BZna cq]amWv em³Uv dhyq `cW kwhn[mw. em³Uv
dhyq AUvannkvt{Sjsâ {]mKv cq]¯nÂ n¶mcw`n¨v “em³Uv dhyq hIp¸v”
F¶ C¶s¯ AhØbnte¡pÅ dhyq `cW¯nsâ amä§fpsSbpw
mgnI¡ÃpIfpsSbpw Hcp tcJmNn{Xw “dhyq `cW Ncn{Xw” F¶ t]cnÂ
Cu amzensâ 1þmw `mKambn DÄs¡mÅn¨ncn¡p¶p. hIp¸nsâ
Ncn{XKXnsb¡pdn¨v Adnbmm{Kln¡p¶ Poh¡mÀ¡pw aäpÅhÀ¡pw CXv
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Vol.I

tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 VI
D]Imc{]ZamIpsa¶v IcpXp¶p.
tIcf¯nsâ `qanimkv{X]camb AXncpIÄ¡pÅnÂ sFIytIcf
cq]oIcW¯np ap¼v nehnepmbncp¶ XncphnXmwIqÀ, sIm¨n, ae_mÀ,
ImkÀtKmUv F¶nhnS§fnÂ hyXykvX§fmb dhyq `cW{Ia§fpw
AhbpsS S¸nem¡enmbn hyXykvX§fmb dhyq S]SnkwlnXIfpw
nehnepmbncp¶p. F¶mÂ sFIytIcf cq]oIcWtijw
kwØm¯nsm«msI _m[Iamb Hcp GIoIrX em³Uv dhyq amzenmbn
]XnämpIfmbn kzoIcn¨ph¶ S]SnIÄ 2019 emWv AXnsâ Ańa
L«¯nse¯nbXv. tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzensâ IV, VI hmey§Ä
CXntmSIw AwKoIcn¨v S¸nÂ hcp¯n¡gnªn«pÅXmWv. {]kvXpX em³Uv
dhyq amzensâ BZyhmeyhpw I½ojWdpsS Imcymeb¯nse S]SnIÄ
{]Xn]mZn¡p¶Xpamb ]pkvXIamWv Ct¸mÄ {]kn²oIcn¡p¶Xv.
1998 Pq¬ 30 hsc kwØms¯ em³Uv dhyq hIp¸nsâ `cW
nb{´Ww dhyq t_mÀUnÂ n£n]vXambncp¶p. kwØm kÀ¡mÀ
S¸nem¡nb tIcf dhyq t_mÀUv nÀ¯em¡Â nbaw, 1996 {]Imcw
30.06.1998 XobXn {]m_ey¯nÂ dhyq t_mÀUnsâ {]hÀ¯§Ä
Ahkmn¸n¡pIbpw 1.7.1998 {]m_ey¯nÂ XÂØm¯v em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWtdäv nehnÂ hcnIbpw sN¿pIbpmbn. dhyq t_mÀUv nÀÆln¨p
h¶ncp¶ `mcn¨ D¯chmZn¯§fmWv CtX XpSÀ¶v hIp¸p Xehs¶
nebnÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdnÂ n£n]vXambXv.
kwØm s]mXp`cW¯n³ IognepÅ PnÃm `cWIqS§fpsS
nb{´Whpw GtIm]hpw nÀÆln¡pI, kwØm dhyq `cW¯np
Np¡m³ ]nSn¡pI F¶n§sbpÅ D¯chmZn¯§Ä ndthäp¶ kwØm
dhyq hIp¸nsâ BØm ImcymebamWv “em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdäv”.
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS Imcymebw, aäv D]Imcymeb§fmb PnÃm
IfIvt{SäpIÄ, dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkpIÄ, Xmeq¡v HmôkpIÄ, hntÃPv
HmôkpIÄ F¶nhnS§fnÂ nÀÆlnt¡ sshhn[y]qÀ®hpw
k¦oÀ®§fpamb H«h[n S]Sn{Ia§fpw nba§fpamWpÅXv. C¯cw
S]Sn{Ia§Ä t{ImUoIcn¨v kwØms¯ FÃm dhyq HmôkpIÄ¡pw
_m[IamI¯¡hn[¯nÂ Hcp em³Uv dhyq amzÂ X¿mdm¡p¶
S]SnIÄ¡v kÀ¡mÀ XpS¡anSpIbpw {]kvXpX “tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ”
sâ VI- mw hmeyamb “hntÃPv Hmôkv amzÂ” 22.1.2019 se k.D. (A¨Sn)
¼À 10/2019/dhyq {]Imcw AwKoIcn¨psImpw BbXv kwØms¯
hntÃPv HmôkpIfnÂ {]m_ey¯nÂ hcp¯ns¡mpw kÀ¡mÀ
D¯chmIpIbpw sNbvXncp¶p. {]kvXpX kÀ¡mÀ D¯chp {]Imcw em³Uv
dhyq amzensâ Ahtijn¡p¶ hmey§Ä AwKoIcn¨p S¸nem¡p¶Xnv
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Vol.I

I½ojWtdäv amzÂVII
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWsd NpaXes¸Sp¯pIbpapmbn.
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ ssIImcyw sNbvXphcp¶ hnhn[
nba§Ä, N«§Ä F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ {]hÀ¯ S]SnIÄ
hniZoIcn¡p¶Xpw em³Uv dhyq amzensâ Iþmw hmeyhpamb “em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWtdäv amzÂ” BWv Ct¸mÄ X¿mdm¡n AwKoIcn¡pIbpw S¸nÂ
hcp¯pIbpw sNbvXn«pÅXv. {]kvXpX amzÂ X¿mdm¡p¶XnÂ {io.
hn.än.tLmfn, {io. Pn. _meN{µ³ ]nÅ, {ioaXn. {ioeX mbÀ, {io.
sI.Pn.ss_Pp F¶nhcpsS `mK¯p n¶pw ÇmLobamb {]hÀ¯§fmWv
Dmbn«pÅXv F¶Xpw FSp¯p ]dtbXmbn«pv. nba§fnepw
N«§fnepw `cWcwK§fnepw Dmb ImenI amä§Ä DÄs¡mpsImv
X¿mdm¡nbn«pÅ tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzensâ Iþmw hmeyamb “em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWtdäv amzÂ” s ASnØmam¡nbpÅ S]Sn{Ia§fmWv
Cn apXÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ AphÀ¯nt¡Xv. nba§fntem
N«§fntem ]n¶oSpmIp¶ t`ZKXnIÄ¡pkrXambn amzenÂ th
amä§Ä hcp¯p¶Xnv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅp¶Xmbncn¡pw.
Xncph´]pcw F.än. sPbnwkv, sF.F.Fkv
25. 02. 2018 em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
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Vol.I

tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 VIII
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Vol.I

I½ojWtdäv amzÂIX
dhyq `cW Ncn{Xw
1. ]Ým¯ewþ (1) XncpþsIm¨n, a{Zmkv {]knU³knbpsS `mKambncp¶
ae_mÀ, a{Zmkv {]knU³knbpsS Xs¶ `mKambncp¶ ku¯vImd
PnÃbnepÄs¸« Ct¸mgs¯ ImkÀtKmUv F¶nh DÄs¸Sp¯nbmWv 1956 Â
tIcf kwØmw cq]oIcn¨Xv. XncpþsIm¨n {]tZi¯p Xs¶ Xncph´]pcw
PnÃbnse A©psX§v, sImÃw PnÃbnse X¦tÈcn, FdWmIpfw PnÃbnse
`t^mÀ«vsIm¨n’ F¶o {]tZi§Ä a{Zmkv {]knU³kn¡p IognÂs¸«
{]tZi§fmbncp¶p. C§s hyXykvX§fmb mep {]tZi§fnepw kwØm
cq]oIcW¯np ap¼v `qanbpambn _Ôs¸«v hyXykvX§fmb Ap`h
{Ia§fpw nIpXnLSbpw dhyq `cWkwhn[mhpsams¡bmWv
nen¶ncp¶Xv. kwØm cq]oIcW¯np ap¼v, XncphnXmwIqÀ, {_n«ojv
`cW¯nv Iognembncp¶ ae_mÀ F¶o {]tZi§fnse hntÃPv Hm^okpIÄ
{]hÀ¯n¨ph¶ncp¶Xv bYm{Iaw "XncphnXmwIqÀ hntÃPv amzÂ,"Awiw
DtZymKØcpsSbpw Irjn¡mcpsSbpw amzÂ' F¶nhsb ASnØm
s¸Sp¯nbmbncp¶p. IqSmsX XncphnXmwIqÀ {]tZi¯v XncphnXmwIqÀ `em³Uv
dhyq amzÂ’, sIm¨n {]tZi¯v `sIm¨n³ em³Uv dhyq s{]mkoPnbÀ’
F¶nh FÃm Xe¯nepapff dhyq `cWkwhn[m¯nmbn S¸nÂ
hcp¯nbncp¶p. C¶p ImWp¶ dhyq hIp¸mbncp¶nÃ ]gb Ime¯v
XncphnXmwIqÀ, sIm¨n, ae_mÀ {]tZi§fnÂ nen¶ncp¶sX¦nepw C¶pw
XpSÀ¶p hcp¶ _lp`qcn]£w NpaXeIfpw IÀ¯hy§fpw A¡me¯v
nehnepmbncp¶hbpsS XpSÀ¨ Xs¶bmWv. A¡me¯v kwØms¯
`qanIÄ P·namcpsStbm t£{X§fpsStbm nb{´W¯nembncp¶p.
mSphmgnIfmIs« P·namcnÂ n¶pw DÂ¸¶¯nsâ nÝnX `mKw
cmPt`mKambn CuSm¡nbncp¶p. s]mXp`cWhpambn _Ôs¸« aäv H«h[n
NpaXeIfpw ndthäphmpmbncps¶¦nepw `qanbpambn _Ôs¸«
IW¡pIfpw tcJIfpw X¿mdm¡n kq£n¡pI, `qanbnÂ n¶v CuSm¡mpÅ
nIpXnIÄ CuSm¡pI F¶nhsbms¡¯s¶bmbncp¶p A¡mes¯bpw
dhyq hn`mK¯nsâ apJy NpaXeIÄ.
(2) nehnÂ tIc-f kw-Øm-s¯ `-c-W-]-cam-b ku-I-cy-¯n-m-bn PnÃ-
I-fm-bpw PnÃ-I-sf d-h-yq Un-hn-j-p-I-fm-bp-am-Wv Xn-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. `-c-W-kw-hn-
[m--¯n-sâ A-SnØm- GI-Iw PnÃ-bm-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ-¯s¶ -Un-hn-j-p-Is-f
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Vol.I

tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 X
Xm-eq-¡p-I-fm-bpw, Xm-eq-¡pI-sf hn-tÃ-Pp-I-fmbpw hn-`Pn-¨pw, Hm-tcm-¶npw A-[n-
Im-c-§fpw D-¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§fpw n-jv-IÀ-jn-¨p-am-Wv s]m-Xp-`-c-W-sa-¶ {]-{In-b
-S-¸n-em¡nbn«pffXv. `m-jm-Sn-Øm--¯nÂ tIc-fw H-cp kw-Øm--am-bn cq-]w
sIm-Åp-¶-Xnpw ap-¼p Xs¶, s]m-Xp-`-c-W-¯n-m-bn C¯-cw hn-`P--§Ä n-e-
hn-ep-m-bn-cp¶p. Im-en-Iam-b am-ä-§-Ä¡p hnt[bambn C-¶p Im-Wp-¶ X-c-¯n-
epf-f Hm-ô-kp-IÄ cq-]o-Ir-X-am-b-tXm-sS C-h-bp-sS {]m-Kvcq-]-§-fnÂ ]-eXpw A-
{]-k-à-am-hp-I-tbm hn-kv-ar-X-am-hp-Itbm sN-bvXp. ]t£, C-¶pw ]m-en¨p-t]m-cp-
¶ -S-]-Sn-{I-a-§-sf-bpw `-c-W-co-Xn-I-sf-bpw a--Ên-em-¡-W-sa¦n-tem A-h-bp-sS
k¯-sb ]m-en-¡-W-sa¦n-tem A-h-iy-L-«-§-fn-se k-µn-Kv-[X-sb a-dn-I-S-¡-W-
sa¦ntem C-h-tbm-tcm¶pw F-§s D-cp-¯n-cn-ªp h-¶p-sh-¶pw C-h-bp-sS A-Sn-
Øm--sa-s´¶p-ap-f-f Np-cp§n-b A-dn-sh-¦nepw Hmtcm dhyq Po-h--¡m-c-pw
B-h-iy-amWv. hn-tÃ-Pv Hmôkv ap-XÂ em³Uv dhyq I-½o-j-W-td-äv h-sc-bpf-f
Hm-ô-kp-I-fn-se {]-hÀ-¯--§Ä-¡v amÀ-Ktc-J-sb-¶ n-e-bnÂ am-z-ep-IÄ X-
¿m-dm-¡p-t¼mÄ-¯s¶, C-h-bp-sS ap³-Im-e-§-sf-¸-än-bp-f-f G-I-tZ-i-[m-c-WIÄ
cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯m-mhiyamb Npcp§nb hnhc§fpw Po-h--¡mc-v e`yamt¡Xpv
F-¶ Im-gv-N¸m-tSm-sS-bmWv Cu D]{Iaw X-¿m-dm-¡n-bn-«p-ÅXv.
(3) C-¶-t¯-XnÂ n¶pw XnI¨pw hy-Xy-kv-X-ambn ]p Ime§fnÂ n-
Ip-Xn-h-c-hn-sâ Htc-sbm-cp t{kmX-Êv `q-an-bm-bn-cp-¶-Xn-mÂ d-h-yq Ft¶m I-f-
ÎÀ F-t¶m H-s¡-bp-f-f t]-cp-IÄ {]m-Y-an-I-am-bn n-Ip-Xn ]n-cn-hpw J-P-m-hn-
te¡p-Å h-chp-sam-s¡-¯-s¶-bm-Wv kq-Nn-¸n¡p-¶-Xv. AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶, o-
Xn-nÀ-Æ-lWw, {I-a-k-am-[m--]m-ew, s]m-Xp-hn-Xc-Ww XpS-§n `-c-W-¯n-sâ ka-
kv-X -ta-J-e-I-fnepw D-¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw {]kvXpX
`cW{Ia¯nsâ tI-{µ-_n-µp `q-an-bpw A-Xn-sâ ]-cn-]m-e--hpw A-Xp-am-bn _-Ô-
s¸-« A-p-_-Ô- {]-hÀ-¯--§-fp-sams¡ Xs¶bmbn-cp¶p.Im-e-{I-a-¯nÂ
D¯chmZn¯§fpsSbpw A[nImc§fpsSbpw hn-tI-{µo-I-c-Whpw hn-`P-hpw
`cWkwhn[m§fnÂ hyXykvX LSI§fpsS cq]hÂ¡cW¯np
hgnsXfn¡pIbpw AtX XpSÀ¶v hy-Xykv-X h-Ip-¸p-I-Ä cq]oIrXamIpIbpw
sN¿pIbpmbn. `q-an-bp-sS A-Xn-cp-I-fpw hn-`mK-§-fpw, Hmtcm hn-`Pn-X-`m-K-¯n-
sâbpw D-S-a-Ø-X, ssI-Im-cy--w F¶nh am{Xw d-hyq h-Ip-¸n-tâ-Xm-bn A-h-ti-jn-
¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-X-tXm-sS, h-Ip-¸n-sâ t]-cv d-hyq F-¶-XnÂ n¶pw em³-Uv dhyq
F-¶m-bn am-dn-sb-¦nepw `q-anbpw A-Xn-sâ `-c-W-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v q-äm-p-I-
fneq-sS cq-]-s¸«v, n-e-n-¶p-h-¶ hm-¡p-Ifpw {]-tbm-K-§fpw am-ä-anÃm-sXbpw,
Hcp]-t£ am-äm-m-hm-sX X-s¶bpw C¶pw XpSÀ¶p t]mcp¶Xmbn ImWmw.
]m«w, ]-m-ch-I, P-a F-¶p Xp-S§n, kÀÆ-[m ]-cn-Nn-Xam-b Xm-eq-¡pw X-lknÂ-
Zmcpw X-]mep-sam-s¡-¯-s¶bpw Cu Ncn{Xhpw ]m-c-¼cyhpw t]-dp-¶-h-bmWv.
C¯cw Ncn{X ti-jn-¸p-I-fn-eq-sS k-©-cn¨p-sIm-p am-{Xta C¶-s¯ dhyq
hIp¸n-sâ N-cn-{X-tam DÂ-¸-¯n-tbm ]-cnWm-atam H-s¡ a--Ên-em-¡phm-pw AXn-
sâ k-¦oÀ-®-X-I-sfbpw A--y-X-tbbpw DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-hmpw km-[n¡p-I-bp-ffp.
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Vol.I

I½ojWtdäv amzÂXI
e-`yam-b h-kv-Xp-X-I-fn-epw A-dn-hp-I-fnepw Du¶nbpff C-¯-c-wA-tzj-W§Ä
kzm-`m-hn-I-ambpw sN-¶p n-Â-¡p-¶Xv Cu Un-¸mÀ-«v-saân-sâ Øm-bnbm-b D-¯-
c-hm-Zn-¯am-b `q-an-bn-epw `q-an-bp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«p Nn-c-]-cn-Nn-Xsa-¦nepw tem-I-
s¯-§p-ap-f-f A-p-`-h-{I-a-§-fnÂ A-Xy-´w A-]qÀ-Æ-hpam-b `P·w’ F-¶ ]-Z-¯n-
ep-amWv. D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p ]-g-¡hpw {]-tbm-Kn-¨v ]-cn-N-bhpw h-¶n-«p-s-¦n-epw, a-e-
bm-f-m-«n-se `q-an-bp-sS F¶Ã, tI-c-f-¯n-sâ N-cn-{X-s¯ X-s¶ H-cp ]-t£ ]qÀ-
®-am-bpw DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-¶-Xpw A-tX-ka-bw X-s¶ `qanbnt·epff apjysâ
B[n]Xy¯nte¡pff clky§fpsS hm-XnÂ Xp-d-¡p-¶Xpam-b ]-Z-am-Wv `P·w’.
CXp-t]m-sebp-f-f A-t-Iw hm-¡p-Ifpw {]-tbm-K-§fpw DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-¶ ]-Z-k-©-
b-s¯-bpw A-h-bp-sS -ssh-hn-[y-§-sf-bpw N-cn-{X-]mT-§-fn-eq-sS am-{X-ta A-Sp-
¯p-n-¶p a--Ên-em-¡m-m-Iq F-¶-Xn-mÂ dhyq hIp¸ns kw_Ôn¨
ka{Kamb ]Tw qämpIÄ¡¸pd¯p n¶pXs¶ XpSt§Xpv.
2. s]-cp-amÄ Im-eL-«w-þ (1) q-äm-p-IÄ ]n-¶nte--¡p t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ tIc-fw
F-¶v C-¶v A-dn-bs¸Sp-¶ `q-an-im-kv-{X-]-cam-b A-XnÀ-¯n-¡I-¯v Ip-tdtbsd
m-Sp-I-fpw AhbpsS c£m ]pcpj·mcmb mSphmgnIfpamWv Dmbncp¶Xv.
CtX¡pdn¨dnbm³ F-gp-X-s¸-« n-ba-§tfm N«-§-tfm ZpÀ-e-`-amsW¶XmWv
bmYmÀ°yw. {]m-Ir-X-cpw m-tSm-Sn-I-fpam-b B-Zn-a-n-hm-kn-I-fnÂ n¶pw ImÀ-jn-
I-hr-¯n ]p-eÀ-¯p-¶ Øn-c-Xm-a-k-¡mcm-b ]qÀ-Æn-I-cn-te¡pff cq]m´c
t¯mSpIqSnbmWv `q-an BZyambn H-cp hy-h-Øm-]n-Xam-b D-]-tbm-Km-hØbnte¡v
F¯nt¨cp¶Xv. D-S-a-Ø-X-bpw A-p-`-h-{I-a-§fp-sam-s¡ ]nÂ-¡me-¯p am-{X-ta
cq-]-s¸-Sp-¶pf-fp F-¶p h-¶mÂ-¯-s¶-bpw Ir-jn-bp-sS kw-c-£-W-hpw ImÀ-jn-I-
hr-¯n-bp-sS k-a-b-{I-a-w ]m-en-¡epw hn-f-hn-sâ ho-Xw-h-bv-¡ep-sam-s¡ kzm-`m-hn-
I-ambpw H-cp t-Xr-Øm--¯n-sâ D-cp-¯n-cn-b-en-p I-f-sam-cp-¡n-bn-«p-m-IWw.
`m-c-X-¯n-sâ s]m-Xphm-b N-cn-{XKXnbnÂ, F-¶mÂ Z-£n-tW-´y-bp-sS X-s¶
aäp `m-K§-sf A-t]-£n-¨p t]mepw q-äm-p-I-fp-sS Im-e-Xm-a-k-¯n-p ti-jw
am{XamWv ½psS {]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ c-£m-]p-cp-j-·m-cpw m-«p-S-b-h-cpw D-bÀ-¶ph-
¶Xv F-¶p N-cn-{X-Im-c-·mÀ hn-e-bn-cp-¯p¶p. h-S-¡³ `m-K-§-fnÂ n¶pw F.Un.
5-6 q-äm-p-I-fn-em-bn -S-¶ hym-]-Iam-b Ip-Sn-tb-ä-¯np-sam-s¡ tijw D-t±-
iw F.Un. 7-8 q-äm-p-I-tfm-sS-bm-Wv C-¯-cw kmaqlnI hy-h-Ø-IÄ {Iao-Ir-
X-am-bn-¯p-S-§p-¶Xv. A-[n-Im-cw F-¶Xn-tm-sSm¸w `q-an-bp-sS A-Xn-cp-IÄ F-¶
k-¦Â-¸hpw C-¡m-e-¯pX-s¶ cq-]-s¸-«n-cn-¡m-sa-¦n-epw A-{X kv-]-ã-am-bn C-Xp
]m-en-¡-s¸-«n-cpt¶m F-¶p-d-¸n-¨p ]-d-bm-m-InÃ. Xp-SÀ-¶p-f-f Im-es¯ (F.Un.
9-12 q-äm-p-IÄ) kq-Nn-¸n-¡p¶-Xv F-¶p hn-e-bn-cp-¯-s¸-«n-«p-Å s]-cp-amÄ tc-
J-I-fn-epw F.Un. 11þmw q-äm-n-te-sX-¶p I-cp-X-s¸-Sp-¶ aq-j-I-hw-iw F-¶ Im-
hy-¯nepw m-Sp-I-fp-sS A-XnÀ-¯n-I-fpw m-Sp-IÄ X-s¶-bpw, ]-e-t¸mgpw hy-Xy-kv-
X-§-fm-sW-¦nepw G-sd-¡p-sd `q-an-im-kv-{X-]--c-am-b A-XnÀ-¯nI-sf A-Sn-Øm--
s¸-Sp-¯n-b hn-`-P--§-fn-eqsS cq-]-s¸-«n-cp-¶ m-SpI-sf Xn-cn-¨-dn-bm-hp-¶ hn-[-
¯nepff kqNIÄ ImWmw. A-h-bnÂ {]-[m--s¸«h th-WmSv (Xn-cp-h--´-]p-
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XII
c¯nsâ hS¡³ {]tZi§fpw sImÃ¯nsâ sX¡³ {]tZi§fpw), Hm-S-mSv
(I-cp-m-K-¸-ffn, am-th-en-¡-cþImÀ-¯n-I-¸f-fn Xm-eq-¡p-IÄ), âp-ssg-m-Sv ( Xn-
cphÃ, N-§-m-tÈ-cn), ap-ªp-mSv (tIm«-bw), sh-s¼m-en-mSv (ssh¡w, ao--¨nÂ),
Io-gv-a-sse-mSv (sXm-Sp-]p-g, aq-hm-äp]pg), ImÂ-¡-ssc-mSv (F-d-Wm-Ip-fw), s-Spw-
]p-ssd-mSv (X-e-¸n-ffn, ]m-e-¡mSv, Nn-äqÀ), h-f-fp-h-mSv (s]m¶-mn, s]-cn-´Âa-
®, Xn-cqÀ), G-dmÄ-mSv (G-d-m-Sv {]-tZ-iw), t]m-f-mSv (tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv), Ip-dpw]p-
ssd-mSv (hS-s¡ h-b-m-Spw, Kq-UÃq-cpw) F¶-n-h-bm-bn-cp-¶p. s]-cp-amÄ-¡m-eL-
«w F-¶p N-cn-{X-¯nÂ tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸-« Cu Im-e-b-f-hnÂ, sImÃ-¯n-p sX-
¡pw I-®q-cn-p h-S-¡p-ap-f-f {]-tZ-i-§-Ä s]-cp-am-fp-sS A-[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-¡pw ]p-d-
¯m-bn-cp¶p1
. taÂ-¸-d-ª m-Sp-IÄ X-s¶bpw s]-cp-amÄ Im-e-L-«-¯n-sâ A-h-
km--t¯mSSp-¸n-¨mI-Ww `q-an-im-kv-{X-]-c-ambpw A-[n-Im-c-]-c-ambpw hy-Xn-cn-à-
am-hp¶-XpX-s¶.
(2) Xr-ÈqÀ PnÃ-bnÂ sIm-Sp-§ÃqÀ Xm-eq-¡n-ep-f-f C¶-s¯ sIm-Sp-§Ãq-
cnepw k-ao-{]-tZ-i-¯p-am-bn n-e-n-¶n-cp-¶p F-¶p IcpXs¸-Sp-¶ a-tlm-Z-b-]p-cw
F-¶ -K-cw B-Øm--am-¡n tIc-fw `-cn-¨n-cp-¶ Ip-e-ti-J-c s]-cp-am-fpsS Im-ew
F-¶ n-e-bn-em-Wv F.Un. 9 ap-XÂ 12 h-sc-bp-f-f q-äm-p-I-sf (F.Un. 800 ap-
XÂ 1124 hsc) s]-cp-amÄ Im-eL-«w F-¶p ]-d-bp-¶Xv. C-¡m-e-t¯-sX-¶p I-
cp-X-s¸-Sp-¶ en-Jn-X-§Ä a-lm-`q-cn-`m-Khpw e-`n-¨n-«p-ff-Xv t£-{X-§-fnÂ n-¶p-am-
I-bmÂ s]-cp-amÄ tc-JI-sf t£-{X-tc-J-IÄ F¶pw ]-d-bm-dpv. C-h-bnÂ kq-Nn-
X-am-Ip-¶ {]-tZ-iw ]-t£ Ir-Xy-ambn C¶-s¯ tI-c-faÃ. sImÃw ap-XÂ G-sd-
¡p-sd I-®qÀ h-scsb-¶p am-{X-ta C-t¸m-gp-f-f A-dn-hp h¨v s]-cp-am-fp-sS cm-Py-
s¯ IÂ-¸n¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡p-I-bp-f-fp. t£-{X-tc-JI-sf Iq-Sm-sX Cu Im-e-L-«-
¯n-te-Xm-bn I-cp-Xn-h-cp-¶Xpw N-cn-{X-c-N--bnÂ G-sd {]m-amWyw t-Sn-bn-
«pffXpamb c-p tc-J-IÄ X-cn-km-¸f-fn sN-t¸-Spw, Pq-X-¸-«-b-hp-am-Wv. C-h-
bnÂ n¶pw `q-an-sb-bpw A-Xn-sâ ssI-Im-cy-s¯-¸-änbpw e`n-¡p-¶ A-dn-hp-IÄ
hy-Xykv-X ho-£-W§-sf DÄ-s¡mf-fp¶p F¶XmWv bmYmÀ°yw.
(3) F.Un. 861þse Xn-cp-hm-äp-hm-bv sN-t¸-SnÂ2
“B-hWn-tbm-W-¯n-p
1. tI-c-f-¯n-sâ h-S-¡³ A-Xn-cn-s¸än ]m-tS hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b Im-gv-N-¸m-Sp-I-fm-Wv n-e-hn-ep-f-fXv. `m-kv-I-cc-hn F-¶
s]-cp-am-fp-sS (F.Un. 962þ1021) Imes¯ kw_Ôn¨p am-{X-amWv Im-kÀ-tKm-Un--Sp¯pff ]pÃqÀ Ip-Sh-ew t£-{X-
¯nÂ n-¶-pw Hcp imk-w e-`n-¨n-«p-f-fXv. ]-Xn-aq¶mw i-X-I-¯n-sâ A-´y-¯nÂ tIc-fw k-µÀ-in-¨ d-jo-Zp-±o³,
tIm-e-¯p-m-Sn-sâ hS-s¡ A-XnÀ-¯n aw-K-em-]p-chpw sX-t¡ A-XnÀ-¯n ]-´-emb-n sImÃ-h-pam-sW¶p tc-J-s¸-
Sp¯nbn«pv. t-{Xm-h-Xn- Znbm-bn-bm-bn-cp-¶p 14þmw q-äm-ph-sc Xp-fp-m-Sn-tbpw tI-c-f-t¯bpw thÀ-Xn-cn-¨n-cp¶-
Xv. F.Un. 1515þse _À-t_m-k-bp-sS hn-h-c-W-{]-Im-cw slm-km-h-c-¯n-p hS-¡p ap-X-em-Wv Xp-fp-m-Sv B-cw-`n-¡p¶Xv
F¶pw Ip-¼-f ap-XÂ a-e-_m-dm-sWpw Im-Wp¶p. F.Un. 16,17 q-äm-p-I-fn-se hn-tZ-i-k-©m-cn-I-fp-sS Ip-dn-¸p-I-fnÂ
Ip-´m-]p-c-¯n-p sX-¡p-f-f `m-K-t¯-bm-Wv Xp-fp-m-sS¶-p ]-d-bp-¶Xv. F-¶mÂ N-{µ-Kn-cn-¸p-g-bv-¡v hS-¡v tKm-IÀ-®w
h-sc-bp-f-f {]-tZ-i-s¯-bm-Wv Xp-fp-m-sS¶v tI-c-f-¯nÂ ]cmaÀin¨p In«pffXv.
[Cfw-Ip-fw Ip-ª³-]n-ff þ sX-c-sª-Sp-¯ Ir-XnIÄ, tIcf kÀÆIemimeþ A´mcmjv{S tIcf ]TtI{µw,
2005. t]-Pv þ550]
2. Cu tc-J-bnÂ Xo-cp-am--sa-Sp-¡p¶-Xv Xn-cp-hm-äp-hm-bv k-`bpw A-Sn-IÄ-amcpw Iq-Sn-t¨À-¶mWv. Zm-w In«n-b `q-an-bn-
se B-Zmbw-sImv Du-cn-se ssh-Zn-I-{_m-ÒWÀ (DuÀ-a-ssd-bmÀ) Hm-Ww B-tLm-jn-¡-Ww F¶Xv Cu tc-J-bn-se
{]-Xn-]m-Zy-hn-j-b-§-fnÂ H-¶mWv.
[]p-Xp-tÈ-cn cm-a-N-{µ³ þ -tI-c-f- Ncn{X¯n-sâ A-SnØm- tc-JIÄ, tIcf `mjm C³Ìnäyq«v, 2007. t]-Pv þ11]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXIII
tN¶-³ i-¦-c³ F-s¶m-cmÄ Xn-cp-hm-äp-hm-bv t£-{X-¯n-v `q-an Â-Ip-
¶Xmbn”]cmaÀiapv. F.Un. 900þse s-Spw-]p-dw3
X-fn t£-{X-tc-J-bnÂ D-{K-
aw-K-ehpw Cu-im--aw-K-ehpw t£-{X-s¨-e-hn-v `q-an Zm-w sN-¿p-¶Xmbn
]cmaÀin¨ncn¡p¶p. Zm-Xm-hn-p `q-an-bn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ A-h-Im-i-s¯-bpw D-S-a-Ø-
X-tbbpw Ip-dn-¨v A-dn-bp-hm³ km-[n-¡p-¶nsÃ-¦n-epw Zm-w e`n-¨ h-kv-Xp F-{]-
Imcw D-]-tbm-Kn-¡-Ww F-¶ hy-h-Ø tc-J-I-fnÂ DÄ-s¡m-f-fn-¨n-«p-ffXmbn
ImWmw. {]kvXpX `q-an-bn-se B-Zm-bw D-]-tbm-Kn¨v t£-{X-Po-h--¡mÀ-¡p thXw
Â-I-W-sa-¶pw -t£-{X-¯n-se a-äv n-Xy-s¨-e-hp-IÄ -S-¯-W-sa-¶p-am-Wv hyh-
Ø. t£-{X-hpw t£-{X-kz-¯p-¡-fp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸« X-fn-bmcpw A-[n-Im-ccpw hy-
h-Ø-IÄ ew-Ln-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ 25 Ig-©v am-tä-dnb s]m-¶v ]n-g-sbm-Sp-
¡Wsa¶pw cm-Pm-hv Imc-Ww B-cm-[- ap-S-§n-bmÂ 12 Im-Ww s]m¶-v cm-Pm-hv
]n-g-sbm-Sp-¡Wsa¶p-w hy-h-Ø-Ifpmbncp¶p. F.Un. 910þse Xr-¸-t§mSp t£-
{X-¯n-se X-h-c-qÀ I-¨-¯nÂ4
(I-¨w F-¶mÂ N«w) Xr-¸-t§mSv tZh-sâ n-Xy-
s¨-e-hn-v nÝ-bn¨ `-q-an-bnÂ Du-cm-f-tm s]m-Xphmtfm {]-th-in-¡p-I-tbm XS-
Êw nÂ-¡p-I-tbm sN-¿p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ s]-cp-amfnv 25 I-g-©pw, BÄ-t¡m-bn-
env 12.5 I-g-©pw s]m¶-v ]n-g-sbm-Sp-¡p-hmpw Xo-cp-am-w ew-Ln--¡p-I-bm-sW-
¦nÂ X-h-c-qÀ Du-cn-v ]p-d-¯m¡phmpw hy-h-Ø sN-¿p-¶p-v. ]nÂ-¡m-e-¯vv
A-{]-am-Zn-Xz-amÀ-¶ A-[n-Im-c-Øm-]--am-bn t£{Xw h-f-cp-¶-Xn-pw tZ-h-kz-sa-¶
aq-e-[--¯n-sâ cq-]o-I-c-W¯npw ASn¯dsbmcp¡p¶hbmbncp¶p C¯cw
hyhØIÄ F-¶p Im-Wmw. tZ-hkzw F-¶ C--¯nsâ am-{XaÃ, C-¶p kÀ-Æo-kv
Cmw F-¶p tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶ A-p-`-h-{I-a-¯n-sâ DÂ]-¯nbpw Cu tc-J-IfnÂ
n¶pw hmbns¨-Sp-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. t£-{X-s¨-e-hn-p-f-f Cu `q-an “Im-cm-× e-`n¨
sIm-e-hm-epw Ah-sâ k-´-Xn-¡p-aÃm-sX a-säm-cp-¯À-¡v Im-cm× sIm-Sp-¡p-
Ibpw ]m«w C-Sp-I-bpw ssI-¡q-en sIm-f-fp-Ibpw ]m-SnÃ” F¶- Cu tcJbnse
hy-h-Ø- tIcf¯nse tcJs¸Sp¯s¸« BZy Ap`h{Iaw IqSnbmWv.
(4) X-cn-km-¸-f-fn sN-t¸-Sn-sâbpw Pq-X-¸-«-b-¯n-sâbpw hm-b--IÄ
hn`n¶§fmb AdnhpIfmWv {]Zmw sN¿p¶Xv. th-Wm-Sv m-Sp-hm-gn A-¿-Sn
Xn-cp-h-Sn-bp-sS D-S-a-Ø-X-bn-ep-f-f `q-an 72 A-h-Imi-§-tfmsS `X-cn-km-¸f-fn’¡p
Zm-w sN-bvXp-sIm-pff X-cn-km-¸-f-fn- ]«bw F.Un. 849þte-sX-¶m-Wv I-cpX-
s¸Sp¶Xv. `-c-Wm-[n-Imcnsb¶p I-cp-Xmhp¶ Bfmbn s]-cp-am-fp-sS {]-Xn-n[n
3. Zm-w e-`n-¡p-¶ `-q-an-bn-se B-Zm-bw sIm-v t£-{X-s¨-e-hp-IÄ nÀ-Æ-ln-¡p-hm-pw ]m-«p-ImÀ¡pw À-¯-In-
amÀ¡pw thX-w Â-Ip-hmpw hy-h-Ø sN-¿p¶p. X-fnbpw X-fn-b-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw m-Sp-hm-gnbpw tNÀ-¶v ssIs¡m--
Åp-¶ Xo-cp-am--¯nÂ `I-cW³’ F-¶ I-W-s¡-gp-¯p tPm-en-¡m-c-s-¡p-dn-¨p-f-f ]-cm-aÀ-iw {i-t²-b-amWv. t£-{X-
¯n-se I-W-s¡-gp-¯p-Im-c³ F-¶ n-e-bn-emWv `I-c-W³’ B-Zy-Im-e-tc-J-I-fnÂ {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
[]p-Xp-tÈ-cn cm-a-N-{µ³ þ -tI-c-f Ncn{X-¯n-sâ A-SnØm- tc-JIÄ, tIcf `mjm C³Ìnäyq«v, 2007. t]-Pv þ28;
Fw.Pn.Fkv. m-cm-bW³ þ Perumals of Kerala, tImkvtam _pIvkv, 2013. t]-Pv þ439]
4. Xr-{]-t§m-Sv ]-c-ssS-bmcpw ]«mcpw BÄ-t¡m-bn-epw (cm-P-{]-Xn-n-[n) B-Wv Xo-cp-am--sa-Sp-¡p-¶Xv. i-àam-b hy-
h-Ø-IÄ DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-¶ H-cp I-¨-am-WnXv. s]-cp-amÄ Im-e-L-«-¯n-se a-äp I-¨-§Ä aq-gn-¡p-fw I¨w, I-S-§m-«v
I¨w, i-¦-c-aw-Ke-¯p I¨w, ssI-X-hmc-¯v I-¨w F-¶n-h-bm-bn-cp¶p.
[]p-Xp-tÈ-cn cm-a-N-{µ³ þ -tI-c-f-¯n-sâ A-SnØm- tc-JIÄ, tIcf `mjm C³Ìnäyq«v, 2007. t]-Pvþ 32;
Fw.Pn.Fkv. m-cm-bW³ þ Perumals of Kerala, tImkvtam _pIvkv, 2013. t]-Pv þ216]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XIV
(tImhn-e-[n-Im-cn F-¶ Øm--t¸-cp-f-f hn-P-b-cm-K-tZh³) Cu tc-J-bnÂ h-cp-¶p.
m-Spw cm-Pyhpw F-¶ `-c-W-{I-a-¯n-sâ-bpw m-Sp-hm-gnbpw cm-Pmhpw F-¶ A-[n-
Im-c-t{i-Wn-bp-tSbpw kq-N-IÄ CXnÂ n¶pw hmbns¨Sp¡mmIpw. ssI-am-dp-
¶ `q-an-sb C-s¶-¶-t]m-se hy-àam-b A-Xn-cp-I-tfmsS (F-ep-I) Xs¶bmWv
{]kvXpX ]«b¯nÂ ]-cm-aÀ-in-¨n«pffXv. In-g-¡vþh-b-Â¡mSv, sX-¡p-Ing-¡v þ
tIm-hn-e-I-apÄ-s¸-sS Nn-d-hm-XnÂ-¡Â a-XnÂ, ]-Sn-ªm-dv þ ISÂ, hS-¡v þ tXm-c-
W-t¯m«w, h-S-¡p-Ing-¡v þ ]p-¯-e A-n-e³ tXm«w F-¶n-§sbmWv
AXncpIsf¡pdn¨pff ]cmaÀi§Ä. A-h-Im-i-§Ä F-{X-Im-e-t¯-s¡-¶ Dd-
¸v (D-eIpw N-{µm-Zn-Xy-cpw D-f-f mÄ h-sc) `q-an-bnÂ Zm-Xm-hn-p-f-f ]-cn-]qÀ-
®amb D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-i-s¯bpw kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. Cu sN-t¸-Sv Â-Ip-¶ a-säm-
cp {]-[m--s¸-« A-dn-hv n-Ip-Xn-sb-¸-än-bp-f-f-XmWv. Zmw sN-¿p¶- `q-an-bnÂ X-cn-
km-¸-f-fn-¡p e-`n-¡p¶- A-h-Im-i-§-fnÂ {]-[m--s¸«-Xv Nc-¡nv hn-e-bn-Sp¶-n-
S¯pw a-äp-ap-f-f kzm-ao-Im-cyw,5
A¶¶p ]n-cn-bp¶- Np¦w, m-ep-hm-Xn-eI-¯v `q-
an hnÂ-¡p-I-tbm Im-cm-×-bv-¡p sIm-Sp-¡pI-tbm sN-¿p-t¼mÄ cm-Pm-hn-p-ff tIm-
¸-X-hmcw (]¯n-sem¶v), tIm-bn-en-sâ A-h-Imiamb ]-Xn-¸-X-hmcw Xp-S§n-
b Np-¦-§fmsW¶v kqNn¸n¨ncn¡p¶p. A-tX-ka-bw X-s¶ `qn-IpXn (Land
Revenue)sb¸-än Cu sNt¸SnÂ bm-sXm¶pw ]-cmaÀin¡p-¶nÃ F-¶Xpw
{it²bamWv. F¶ncp¶mÂIqSnbpw A-¡me-s¯ `-c-Wkwhn[mw, n-Ip-Xn-hy-
h-Ø F¶nh-sb-¸-än-bpw Im-cm-× Xp-S§n-b A-h-Im-i-{I-a-§-sf-¸-änbpw Cu
sNt¸SpIÄ H«h[n hn-e-s¸-« kq-N--IfmWv ÂIp¶Xv. F.Un. 1000þte-
sX¶v Im-e-nÀ®-bw sN-bv-Xn-«p-ff Pq-X-¸«-b-¯nÂ atlm-Z-b-]pc-s¯ I-¨-h-Sm-
h-Im-iw 72 A-h-Imi-§-tfm-sS tPmk-^v d-ºm-v Â-Inbncn¡p¶p. Np-¦hpw Xp-
em-¡q-en-bpw {]-tXy-Iw F-Sp-¯p ]-d-bp¶-p-s-¦nepw `q-n-Ip-Xn-bn--¯nÂ s]-cp-
amfn-tm G-sX-¦nepw m-Sp-hm-gnt¡m sN-tÃ- hn-ln-X-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Cu tc-Jbpw
nÈ-Ð-X ]m-en-¡p-¶p.
(5) A-[n-Im-c-tI-{µ-§sf¶ n-e-bn-epw {_m-Ò-Wm-[n-]-Xy-¯n-sâ tI-{µ-
Øm--§-sf-¶ n-e-bn-epw t£-{X-§Ä-¡p ssI-h-¶ taÂss¡ Im-c-W-am-I-Ww,
e-`n-¨n-«p-f-f ]p-cm-tc-J-I-fnÂ `q-cn-`m-Khpw tI-c-tfmÂ-¸-¯n-{]-Im-c-hpw AÃm-sX-bp-
ap-ff {Km-a-t£-{X-§-fnÂ n-t¶m A-h-bp-sS Np-äp-h-«-§-fnÂ nt¶m B-bXv. A-
[n-Im-cw hnn-tbm-Kn¡p-¶-Xn-pw `c-Ww -S-¯p-¶-Xn-p-ap-f-f n-jv-IÀ-jIÄ Cu
tc-J-I-fnÂ n¶pw hm-bn-s¨-Sp-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¡pw. D-tZym-K-t{i-Wn-IÄ cq-]-s¸-«n-
cp-¶p-sh-¦n-epw k-`-I-Ä F-¶ n-e-bnÂ H-¯p-Iq-Sn-bn-cp¶ {Km-a-hm-kn-I-fpw ({]mtb-
W {_m-lvv-aWÀ) A-[n-Im-cw ssI¿m-fn-bn-cp-¶p F-¶p I-cp-X-Ww. `k-ss`’ F¶pw
`]-c-ssS’ F-¶pw ]-d-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶ I-½n-än-I-fn-eq-sS t£-{X-¯n-sâ-bpw A-Xp-am-bn
_Ôs¸« `q-an-I-fp-sS-bpw `c-Ww -S¶p-t]m¶ncp¶p. k-`mw-K-§-Ä-¡p t£-{X-`-c-
W-¨pa-X-ebnÂ Xp-eymhImi§fmWpmbncp¶Xv. t£-{X`-c-W¯nv
5. N-c-¡v hn-e-bn-Sp-¶ k-a-b-¯p-f-f kzm-an-Imcyw F¶-Xv cm-Pm-hn-p Â-tI- n-Ip-Xn-bmWv. AÀ-°-im-kv-{X-¯n-
se k-]v-Xmw-K-NÀ-¨-bnÂ cm-Pm-hn-s-¡p-dn¡p-¶ i-Ð-am-Wv kzman.
[tIi-h³ sh-fp-¯m«v, Fw.BÀ. cm-L-h-hm-cyÀ þ X-cn-km-¸f-fn ]-«bw, kmlnXy{]hÀ¯I klIcW kwLw,
2013. t]Pvþ 118]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXV
ntbmKn¡s¸«ncp¶ D-tZym-K-ØÀ A-[n-Imcn, {]-IrXn, s]m-Xp-hmÄ F¶-n-
§-s-bp-f-f t]-cp-I-fn-em-Wv A-dn-b-s¸-«n-cp¶-Xv. ssZ-wZn- `-c-W-Im-cy-§Ä nÀ-
Æ-ln-¡p¶Xn-v Np-a-X-e-s¸« Im-cy-ZÀ-in-Øm--am-bn-cp¶p “s]m-Xp-hmÄ” F¶Xv.
Nn-e t£-{X-§-fnÂ c-p t]-cpÄ-s¸-« nÀ-Æm-l-I-k-an-Xn-I-sfbpw n-b-an-¨n-cp¶p.
sX¡³ -Zn-¡p-I-fnÂ Cu nÀ-Æm-l-I-k-an-Xn¡v “hm-cyw” F-¶m-Wp ]d-ªp h-
¶n-cp¶-Xv. t£-{X-`-c-W-k-`-IÄ AX-Xp m-«nse Iq«-§Ä¡p (Du-cm-f-k-anXn)
hn-t[-b-hpam-bn-cp¶p. tZ-i-hm-gn-IÄ¡pw m-Sp-hm-gn-IÄ¡pw t£-{X-§-fp-sS-taÂ
NnÃ-d A-[n-Im-c-§Ä D-m-bn-cp-¶-Xmbpw ImWmw. -S-¯n-¸nmbn Du-cmf-sc
GÂ-¸n-¨n-cp¶ t£-{X-`q-anIÄ Hän-sIm-Sp-¡p-I, H-än-hm§p-I F-¶n-h-bv-¡v hn-e-¡p-
IÄ D-m-bn-cp¶p.
(6) `qan-bp-sS D-S-a-Ø-X-bnÂ h-¶ tI-{µo-Ir-Xm-[n-Im-cw kzm-`m-hn-Iam-b ]-
cn-W-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS P-·n/{]-`p k-{¼-Zm-b-¯n-sâ L-S- {]m-]n-¨-tXmsS `q-an-bnÂ n-
¶p-ap-f-f B-Zm-bw n-Ýn-X-Im-e¯v n-Ýn-Xamb tXm-XnÂ e-`n-¡-W-sa-¶p-f-f n-
jv-IÀ-j-Ifpw D-S-se-Sp¯p. C-Xn-m-bn cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯n-b N-«-§fpw n-_-Ô--I-fp-am-
Wv s]m-Xp-hnÂ in-em-en-Jn-X-§fpw a-äp-am-bn I-s-Sp-¡-s¸-«n-«p-f-fXv. t£-{X-§Ä-
t¡m k-`-IÄt¡m ssI-h-¶ `q-anI-fpsS -S-¯n-¸n-m-bn Du-cm-f-sc-bpw Ir-
jn¡mbpw aäpw Im-cm-f-scbpw GÂ-¸n-¡Â, Im-cm-fÀ-¡v GÂ-¸n¨p-sIm-Sp-¯n-cp-
¶ `q-an-bnÂ n-¶p-f-f B-Zm-b-¯n-sâ hn-`-Pw, D-S-aØ-X-tbm Im-cm-×-tbm ]m-
en¨p-t]m-cp-¶-Xnpw ssI-am-d-p-¶-Xn-p-ap-f-f A-cp-Xp-I-fpw AcpXmbvaIfpw
F¶nhsbms¡bmWv Cu en-Jn-X-§-fp-sS D-f-f-S-¡-§-fpsS s]m-Xp-kz-`mhw. sIm-
¯n-h-¨ hm-¡p-I-fp-sS s]m-cp-fp-IÄ-¡n-S-bnÂ n¶pw A-¶v Xm-c-X-tay- A-{]-[m-
-hpw C-¶v G-ähpw {]-k-à-hpam-b `-c-W-{I-a-hpw A-[n-Im-c-t{i-Wn-bpw A-h-Im-i-
_-Ô-hp-saÃmw Hmtcm hm-b--bnepw IqSpXÂ IqSpXÂ sh-fn-s¸-«p h-cp-¶p. B-
hÀ-¯n-¨p h-cp-¶ hm-¡p-I-fnÂ n¶pw {]-[m--ambpw A-[n-Im-c-hpw A-h-Im-i-_-
Ô-hp-am-Wv Gdn-b ap³-K-W--bnÂ {]-tbm-Kn-¨p-Im-Wp-¶Xv.
3. A[n-Im-cw AY-hm `-c-W-{Iawþ B-s«6
F-¶ hm-¡p-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«v B-ss«-
t¡mÄ, B-ss«-¯n-d F¶o {]-tbm-K§sf -¼q-Xn-cn {Km-a-§-fn-se taÂ-tIm-bv-am-
[n-Im-c-¯n-pw kw-c-£-W-¯n-p-am-bn A-hÀ cm-Pm-hntm m-Sp-hm-gn-t¡m Â-
In-bn-cp-¶ hmÀjn-I n-Ip-Xn-sb¶ AÀ-°-¯n-em-Wv ]pcmtcJIfnÂ D]tbmKn¨p
ImWp¶Xv. cm-P-{]-Xn-n-[nIfmb n-gÂ, q-äp-hÀ F-¶n-h-cneqsS {Km-a-§Ä¡pw
t£-{X-§Ä¡pw GÀs¸Sp¯nbncp¶ kwc-£-W-¯n-sâ {]-Xn^ew F¶ n-e-
bv-¡ÃmsX, {Km-a-§-fn-se hn-f-hn-sâ H-cp ]-¦m-bn-t«m t£-{X-`q-an-bn-se B-Zm-b-
¯n-se nÝn-X hn-ln-Xamtbm C-Xn-s I-W-¡m-¡m-m-InÃ. A-hn-«-¯qÀ tc-J,
Xr-¡m-¡-c tc-J, am-¼nf-fn ]-«bw, Xn-cp-hÃ sN-t¸-Sv F-¶n-h-bnÂ c£m-t`mK-
6. Bss« F-¶ -hm-¡n-sâ th-cv X-an-gn-se B-mWv. B-«-¸n-d-¶mÄ, B-«-hn-ti-jw F-s¶m-s¡ ]-d-bp¶-Xv B-nÂ
am{Xw D-m-Ip-¶ hn-ti-j-Zn-h-k§-sf kq-Nn-¸n-¡p¶p. t£-{X-tc-J-I-fp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸-«p Im-Wp-¶ `B-ss«-t¡mÄ’
F-¶ hmÀjnIhn-ln-Xw D-Õ-h-§-fp-am-bn A-sÃ-¦nÂ t£-{X-hnti-j Zn-h-k-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸«v s]-cp-amÄ-¡p Â-In-
bn-cp-¶ hn-lnX-am-bn I-W-¡m-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv.
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XVI
sa¶ hm¡p-sIm-v AÀ-°-am-¡p-¶-Xpw kw-c-£-W-¯n-p-f-f {]-Xn-^-e-s¯- -Xs¶-
bmWv. mSp-hm-gn¡p-f-f-Xnepw I-hn-ª kzm-[o--hpw B-[n-]-Xy-hpw ]p-eÀ-¯n-bn-
cp¶ {_Ò-kzw, tZ-hkzw A-[n-Im-cn-I-fm-b {_m-Ò-W-k-`-IÄ-¡v mSp-hm-gn-IÄ
DÄ-s¸-sS-bp-ffhÀ `q-an hn-s«m-gnªp sImSp-¯ncp-¶p-sh¶pw, A-Xn-p {]-Xn-^-e-
am-bn c£m-t`m-Kw Â-In-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¶p-amWv Cu tc-J-I-fn-se ]cm-a-Àis¯ A-
Sn-Øm--s¸-Sp-¯n I-cp-Xn-h-cp-¶Xv.
4. AhIm-i-_Ôwþ (1) Xr¡m-¡-c t£-{X-¯n-se F.Un. 962þte-sX-¶p I-cp-
X-s¸-Sp-¶ H-cp tc-J-bnÂ Im-cm-×-bm-bn ÂIn-b `q-an-bnÂ n-¶p-f-f hmÀ-jn-Im-
Zm-b-hn-ln-Xw F-¶ AÀ-°-¯nÂ I-Sssa F-¶ ]-Zw D]tbmKn¨n«pffXmbn
ImWmw. Cu hn-lnXw, ]-t£ t£-{X-¯n-sâ sÂ-¸p-c-bn-te-¡m-Wv t]m-Ip-¶-
sX-¶-Xn-mÂ n-Ip-Xn-bmbÃ, G-sd-¡p-sd A-h-Im-im-p-a-Xn- F¶ nebnepff
hm-cw F-¶p am-{X-ta I-Sssa F-¶ hm-¡ns I-W-¡m-¡-m-m-Ip-I-bp-ffp. ¼q-Xn-
cnam-scm-gn-sI-bp-f-f P--§Ä Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶ tN-cn-¡Â `q-an-bn-se Xm-a-k-¡m-cnÂ
n¶v Du-cmfÀ BcpwXs¶ IpSn-a Cu-Sm-¡-cp-Xv F-¶ A-hn-«-¯qÀ tc-J-bn-se ]-
cm-aÀiw, IpSn-a F-¶ hn-ln-X-t¯-bpw Ip-Sn-bm-bv-a- F-¶ A-h-Im-im-p-`-h-¯n-
sâ kq-N--sbbpw Â-Ip¶p. `q-an-bnÂ ho-Sph-¨p Xm-a-kn-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f ho-«pI-cw
F-¶ AÀ-°-¯n-em-Wv Ip-Sn-a- F-¶ hm-¡n-s hn-e-bn-cp-¯n-bn-«p-f-fXv. tNcn-¡-Â
`qanbmbpw Im-cm-bv-am-h-Im-iw sIm-Sp-¯v ImÀ-jn-I-hr-¯n-bnÂ sIm-p-h-¶ `q-an-
bmbpw X-§-fp-sS t-cn-«p-f-f A-p-`-h-¯n-epÄs¸Sm¯-Xpw F¶mÂ hn-kv-Xr-Xn-
bnÂ a-lm-`q-cn]-£w h-cp-¶-Xp-am-b h-kv-Xp-¡fnÂ n¶pw C¯c¯nepff hn-ln-
X-§-fn-eq-sS e-`n-¨ B-Zm-bw {_m-Ò-W-k-`-I-fpsS h-cp-am-- amÀ-K-am-bn- XoÀ¶ncp-
¶p-sh-¶pw Cu hy-h-Ø-IÄ k-¼-¯n-sâbpw A-[n-Im-c-¯n-sâbpw h³-tXm-Xn-ep-
f-f-Xpw A-p-]m-X-c-ln-Xhp-amb- tI-{µo-I-c-W-¯n-eq-sS {_m-Ò-Wm-[n-]-Xy-¯np
(^-e-¯nÂ, {_-Ò-kz-¯n-tâbpw tZ-h-kz-¯n-tâ-bpw) Im-c-W-am-sb-¶p-am-Wv n-co-
£n¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv.
(2) F.Un. 819þse X-cn-km-¸f-fn imkw ]-eX-cw Ip-Sn-bm-bv-a-I-fp-sS H-
cp k-¦-e--amWv. A-Xn-se `C-¶I-cw I- o-c-ä a-cp-hm³ k-]ocn-sim’ F-¶ {]-
tbm-K-¯nse Ì-’ F-¶ kq-N- ImW-s¯ kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶v o-co-£n-¡-
s¸-«n-«pv. òc-ä’ F-¶ hm-¡v ssX-em-`n-tjIw, D-Z-I-]qÀÆw F-¶o hm-¡pI-sfbpw
Ip-dn-¡p¶p. tI-c-tfmÂ-¸-¯n-bnÂ ]-cm-aÀ-in-¡p-¶ ]-c-ip-cm-a-Z-¯am-b `q-an -¼q-
Xn-cn-amÀ-¡v Zm-w sN-¿p¶Xv `D-Z-I-]qÀ-Æ’ambmWv (oÀ ho-gv-¯ns¡mv). a-cp-
hm³ k-]ocn-sim-bv-¡v Â-Ip-¶ Zm--¯n-se a-säm-cp {]-tbm-K-amWv À-«n-t¸-dv’.
`t]dv’ F-¶-Xv P-·-¯n-v k--a-am-bn D-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-¶ {ZmhnU ]ZamWv. A-«n-t¸-dm-
bn In-«nb-Xv F-¶-Xn-À-°w P-·-am-bn In-«nb-Xv F-¶XmWv. A-«n-t¸-dv Â-Ip-¶
`qan Cu tem-I-hpw kq-cy-N-{µ-·mcpw n-e-nÂ-¡p-¶n-S-t¯m-fw im-iz-Xam-b ]m«w
F¶ nebv¡mWv ssI-am-äw sN-¿-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. ‘Im-W-¡m-c-m-b’ a-cp-hm³ k-]o-
cn-sim-bv¡v Cu `q-an a-äp-f-f-hÀ-¡v Im-cm-bv-abm-tbm a-äp Ip-Sn-bm-bv-abmtbm Â-Im-
mIpambncp¶p. Zm-w Â-Ip-t¼mÄ À-©p-h-®hpw a-Wn-{Km-a-hpw’ F-¶-dn-b-
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXVII
s¸-«n-cp-¶ I¨-h-S kwL-s¯ Im-cm-f-cm-bn-«v Im-Wn-¨n-«p-ff-Xv Iq-Sm-sX Ip-Sn-I-fp-sS
ta-ep-f-f D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-i-hpw Zm--¯n-eq-sS ]-f-fn-¡p e-`n-¡p¶p. C-XnÂ n¶pw
Im-Ww AY-hm D-S-a-Øm-h-Imiw, Im-cmbv-a AY-hm Ap`h{Iaw(Tenure), IpSn-a
AY-hm Ip-Sn-I-fp-sS ta-ep-f-f A-h-Im-iw F-¶n-h-bm-Wv kn-²n¡p-¶Xv. ]qÀ-®m-h-
Im-i-ap-f-f h-kv-Xp-¡Ä-¡m-Wv B-Zy-Im-e-§-fnÂ `ImWw’ F-¶p ]-d-ªn-cp-¶-sX-
¶v X-an-gv-m-«n-se ‘ImWn’ F-¶ ]Z-s¯ ap³-nÀ-¯n n-co-£-W-§Ä D-m-bn-«p-
vv. hfsc Ime§Ä¡p tijamWv Im-Ww `q-an H-gn-¸n-¡-¯-¡-Xm-sW-¶ coXn
h-¶p tNÀ-¶-sX¶pw AXn-p-k-cn-¨v hy-h-Ø-IÄ cq-]-s¸-«-sX-¶p-ap-f-f N-cn-{X-
hn-Nm-cw7
n-e-hn-ep-f-f-XmWv. -¼q-Xn-cn-amcm-b Ir-jn-¡mÀ-¡v A-¡me-¯v t£-{X-
k-`-IÄ Â-Inh¶ im-iz-Xm-h-Imi-s¯ Im-Ww F-¶Ã Du-cm-× F-¶m-Wp hn-
fn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. {_-Òkzw `q-anIÄ Du-cm-f-cp-sS C-S-bnÂ hn-`-Pn-¡p-t¼mÄ H-cp Ip-Spw-
_-¯n-p e-`n-¨n-cp-¶ hn-lnXs¯ ‘]-SIm-cw’ F-¶pw hn-fn-¨n-cp¶p.
5. Imgv-N AY-hm Np¦w-þ (1) X-cn-km-¸f-fn ]-«-bw (9þmw q-äm-v), Pq-X-¸-«bw
(F.Un. 1000), C-cn-§m-e¡p-S tc-J (10þmw q-äm-v), Xm-sg-¡m-«p en-Jn-Xw (11þmw
q-ämv) F-¶n-h-bnse h-c-¯n-epÂIv, A-gn-hpÂ-Iv F-¶o hm-¡p-I-fnse “DÂIv”
F-¶ {]-tbmKs¯ Np¦w8
, n-IpXn, {]-Xn^-ew F¶-s¡ AÀ-°w h-cp-¶
“ipÂ¡w” AYhm “Np¦w” F-¶ kw-kv-Ir-X ]-Z-¯n-sâ `m-jm-t`-Zambm-Wv I-
W-¡m-¡p-¶Xv. Customs Duty F-¶ AÀ-°-¯n-emWv Cu hm-¡p-I-Ä D-]-tbm-Kn-¨n-
cn-¡p¶-Xv F-¶ hn-e-bn-cp-¯-enÂ n¶pw A-¡me-¯v -K-c-§-fnÂ I-¨-h-S-¡m-
cnÂ n-¶pw Np-¦w Cu-Sm-¡n-bn-cp-¶p F¶v Apamn¡mhp¶XmWv. `DÂIv’ Cu-
Sm-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f Cfhv Cu tc-J-I-fnÂ {]-tXy-Iw F-Sp-¯p ]-d-bp-¶pap-v. c-p
X-c-¯n-ep-f-f Np-¦-§Ä tc-J-I-fnÂ ]-cm-aÀinXamIp-¶p-v. BZyt¯Xv h-c-¯nÂ
DÂ-Iv AYhm C-d-¡p-a-Xn-¨p-¦hpw cmat¯Xv A-gn-hpÂ-Iv AYhm I-b-äp-a-Xn-
¨p¦hpambncp¶p. C¯-cw DÂIpIÄ Cu-Sm-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f A-[n-Im-cw m-Sp-hm-gn-
7. Cfw-Ip-fw Ip-ª³-]n-f-f þ P-·n-k-{¼-Zm-bw tI-c-f-¯nÂ, Fw.Pn.Fkv. m-cm-b-W³ þ Perumals of Kerala
tImkvtam _pIvkv, 2013 (t]-Pv þ317) F-¶n-h-bnÂ Cu k-¦Â-¸w NÀ-¨ sN-¿p-¶p. F-¶mÂ, I-®v þ ImWpI þ Im-
Ww F-¶ co-Xn-bnÂ, ImWp-I AY-hm taÂ-tm-«w h-ln-¡p-I F-¶-bÀ-°-¯n-em-Wv hneyw tem-K³ Im-Ww F-¶
A-h-Im-i-{Ia-s¯ tcJs¸Sp¯nbn-«p-f-fXv.
8. BÄ-¡m-iv þ A-Sn-a-bv-¡p Â-tI- ]-Ww
]m-Ip-Sw þ hm-l--§Ä-¡p-f-f n-Ip-Xn
Xp-em-¡q-en þ Xp-em-knÂ Xq-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f Iq-en
n-d-Iq-en þ A-f-hp-n-IpXn (Xq-em-¡q-enbpw n-d-Iq-enbpw H-cp-an-¨m-Wv {]-tbm-Kn-¨n-«p-f-fXv)
X-f-¡m-Ww þ sX§pw ]--bpw I-b-dm-p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ X-f-¸n-p Â-tI- ]n-cn-hv
G-Wn-¡m-Ww þ sX§pw ]-bpw I-b-dm-p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶ G-Wn-¡p Â-tI- ]n-cn-hv
ass tabv-]m³ sIm-ffpw Cssd þ ho-Sp ta-bm³ Â-tI- I-cw
ta-n-s¸m-¶v þ B-`-c-W-a-Wn-bm³ Â-tI- I-cw
C-chp-tImÂ þ ku-P-y-am-bn Â-Ip¶ tNm-dv
Ip-S-m-gn þ If-fp sN-¯p n-Ip-Xn
X-ehne þ B-Wn-s A-Sn-a-sIm-f-fp-t¼mÄ Â-Ip-¶ hn-e
ap-ehne þ s]-®n-s A-Sn-a-sIm-f-fp-t¼mÄ Â-Ip-¶ hn-e
]-´Â-¡m-Ww þ Xm-ÂIm-en-I-am-bn sj-Ív h-¨p sI-«p-¶-Xn-p-f-f ]-Ww
X-«m-c-¡q-en þ Øn-cam-b sI-«n-Sw ]-Wn-bp-¶-Xn-p-f-f Iq-en
Hm-W-sÂ þ Hm-W-¯n-p `q-hp-S-a-bv-¡p Â-tI- sÃv
]-S-b-Wn-sÂ þ ]-S-b-Wn-¡p Â-tI- sÃv-
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XVIII
I-fnÂ n-£n-]v-X-am-bncp¶p. C¯cw Np¦§Ä Iq-Sm-sX BÄ-¡miv, ]m-IpSw,
Xp-em-¡qen, n-ssd-¡qen, X-ssf-¡mWw, G-Wn-¡mWw, ass tabv-]m³
sIm-ffpw Cssd, ta-n-s¸m¶v, C-chp-tImÂ, Ip-S-mgn, X-e-hn-e, ap-e-hn-
e, ]-´Â-Im-Ww, X-«m-c-Iqen, Hm-W-sÂ, ]-S-b-Wn-sÂ F-¶o Np¦-§fpw
Cu-Sm-¡p-I-tbm Cf-hp Â-Ip-Itbm sN-bv-Xn-cp¶p.
(2) s]-cp-amÄ tc-J-I-fnÂ [m-cm-f-am-bn Im-W-s¸-Sp¶- `q-an- kw-_-Ôam-b
]-Z-§-fm-Wv ]m«w9
, Hän, ]-ssWbw, ta-semSn, Io-goSv, amh-d sImv ap-Xe-d A«n-
sIm-Sp-¡p-I10
, s]-cp-h-bÂ-`qan, ]-Xn-¸-X-hmcw, tIm-¸-X-hmcw, ]-X-hmcw, Im-cmfÀ,
Im-cm-×, C-ssS-bo-Sv ap-X-emb-h. DStbmÀ¡v n-Ýn-X Ime-¯v Â-tI- n-
ÝnX AÀ-°w F-¶ AÀ-°-¯nÂ hm-cw F-¶ hm-¡pw, ]m«w, Hän, ]-Wbw XpS-
§n-b-hbpw ]nÂ-¡m-e§fnepw Xp-SÀ-¶ph¶vv, 1963þÂ `q-]-cn-jvI-c-W n-b-a-t¯m-
fw n-e-nÂ-nÂ-¡p-¶p-v. F-¶mÂ, A-[n-Im-c-Øm-§-sf Ip-dn-¡p¶ tIm³,
]Xn Xp-S§n-b ]-Z-§Ä ]nÂ-¡m-e-§-fnÂ AÀ-°-t`-Z-t¯m-sS am{Xw
nen¶ncp¶Xpw H-cp L-«-¯n-p ti-jw Ayw n¶p-t]m-bXpamb A-[n-Im-c-
Øm--§-fp-sS Im-em-p-kr-Xam-b am-ä-¯n-te-¡p-f-f A-n-tj-[yam-b kq-N-Ifpw
X-cp¶p. F.Un. 1124þp ti-jw s]-cp-am-fn-tâ-Xm-b bmsXmcphn[amb tcJ-I-fpw
e`yaÃm¯XpamWv. 12þmw q-äm-p ap-X-ep-f-f tI-c-f-¯n-sâ Ncn{Xw
]cntim[n¨mÂ t_m[yamIp¶XmIs«, t-c-t¯ -X-s¶ n-e-hn-ep-m-bn-cp¶-
m«p-cm-Py-§-fnÂ Nne-Xv {]-_-e-am-Ip-Ibpw Nne-Xv CÃm-Xm-Ip-I-b-pw sN-
¿p¶psh¶pff hkvXpXIfmWv.
(3) 12þmw q-äm-nse C¯c¯nepff {]_eamb m-Sp-I-fp-sS t]-cp-I-
tfm A-XnÀ-¯n-I-tfm n-Ýn-X-am-bn A-dn-bp-hm-p-X-Ip-¶ A-¡m-e-t¯Xmb tcJ-
I-sfm¶pw Xs¶ C-Xph-sc I-s¯mmbn«nÃ. G-Xm-pw km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-fn-
se ]-cm-aÀ-i-§sfm-gn-¨p nÀ-¯n-bmÂ (Cu Ir-Xn-I-fn-se c-N-m-Ime-s¯ AhbnÂ
]-d-bp¶ kw-`-h-§-fp-sS Im-e-am-bn I-cp-Xmpw nÀ-Æm-l-anÃ) Cu Im-e-t¯-Xv F-
¶p XoÀ-¯p ]-d-bm-hp-¶ aäp kq-N-I-sfm¶pw e-`y-hpaÃ. ]n-¶oSv, Ir-Xyam-b
AXnÀ¯n kqNn¸n-¨v tI-c-f-sa¶- {]-tZ-iw GXm-sW¶v kv-]-ã-am-bn kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-
9. {_m-Ò-W {Km-a-¯nse-tbm {_m-Ò-W-cp-sS am{Xw D-S-a-Ø-X-bn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶ t£-{X-§-fpsS-tbm `p-an Im-cm-fÀ-
¡v ]m-«-¯n-p Â-Ip-¶-Xn-p-f-f k-{¼-Zmbw 9þmw q-äm-p ap-XÂ Im-Wp-¶pv. learned brahman F-¶mWv `-«
F-¶ kw-kvIr-X hm-¡n-sâ AÀ-°w. `«-sb `m-« F¶pw {]tbm-Kn-¨p Im-Wp¶p. sshZn-I {_m-Ò-W-À AY-hm `-
«-cpsS `q-an ssIh-iw h-¨v Ir-jn sN-¿p-t¼mÄ Im-cm-fÀ Â-tI- hn-lnX-s¯bmhmw B-Zy-Im-e-§-fnÂ `m-«w F-
¶p hn-fn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. C-Xv ]n-¶o-Sv ]m-«w F-¶m-bn am-dn-b-Xm-Imw. Im-cm-f-nÂ n¶pw `]m«w’ ti-J-cn-¡p-¶ D-tZym-KØ-
s `]m-«-amf³’ F-¶p hn-fn-¨n-cp-¶p. kmaq-Xn-cn-tc-J-I-fnÂ, t£{Xw ]n-cn-hp-tZym-K-Ø-s “]m-«-amfn” F-¶m-Wv hn-ti-
jn-¸n-¨n-cp-¶Xv. ]m-«-hpw, ]m-«-¡m-c-pw, ]m-«-am-fpw D-mb-Xv H-tc aq-e-¯nÂ n-¶m-sW-¶v hn-Nm-cn-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv.
[Fw.Pn.Fkv. m-cm-bW³ þ Perumals of Kerala, tImkvtam _pIvkv, 2013 t]-Pv þ317;
F³.Fw. -¼q-Xn-cn þ a-e-_mÀ ]T-§Äþ kmaqXncnmSv, tIcf `mjm C³Ìnäyq«v,2013,t]-Pv 119]
10. A-¡me-¯v ap-gp-h³ A-h-Im-ihpw Xo-dp Â-Ip-¶-Xn-s hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨n-cp¶-Xv `amh-d sIm-v apX-e-d A-«n sIm-
Sp-t¯³’ F-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. C-{]-Im-cw Xo-dp Â-Ip-t¼mÄ h-kv-Xp-¡fpw A-Xn-ep-f-f ta-ep-`bw, Io-gp`bw, IÃv, I-«,
Im-ªncw, Ipän, ap-ffv, ap-cSv, aqÀ-J³-]m¼v, BÄ-t]mIpw hgn, oÀ-t]mIpw NmÂ, am³-sh«pw ImSv, tX³-sh«pw tNm-
e, oÀ, n[n, In-Wdv, A-h-Imiw, ]m-Xm-fw ap-X-emb-Xv D-e-Ipw kq-cy-N-{µ-·mcpw D-f-f Im-e-t¯m-fw ssIh-iw h-bv-
¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f A-p-a-Xn-bm-bn Im-Wp¶p.
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¶ H-cp tc-J-bp-m-hp¶Xv 16þmw q-äm-n-p-ti-jw F-gp-X-s¸-«-sX-¶p I-W-¡m-
¡s¸Sp¶ tI-c-tfmÂ-¸-¯n-I-fn-emWv. sF-Xn-ly-§fpw A-Xn-i-tbm-àn-Ifpw n-
d-ª-sX-¦n-epw tI-c-f-N-cn-{X -c-N--bv-¡pff D-]m-Zm--§-fnÂ H-¶mbn N-cn-{X-Im-c-
·mÀ Ch-sb C-t¸mÄ I-W-¡n-se-Sp-¡p-¶pv. C-XnÂ tKm-IÀ-®w ap-XÂ s]-
cp¼p-g h-sc Xp-fp-cm-Pyw, s]-cp¼p-g ap-XÂ ]p-Xp-]«-Ww h-sc Iq-h AY-hm aq-
jn-I-cm-Pyw, ]p-Xp-]«-Ww ap-XÂ I-t-¶ä-n h-sc tI-c-f-cm-Pyw, I-t-¶än ap-XÂ I-
ym-Ip-am-cn h-sc Iq-]-I-cmPyw F-¶n-§-s- m-ev cm-Py-§-sf ]dªn-«p-f-f-XnÂ
]p-Xp-¸«-Ww ap-XÂ I-t¶-än11
h-sc-bp-f-f {]-tZ-i-§-fnse 32 {Km-a-§-fm-bmWv tI-
cfs¯ ASbm-f-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-ffXv. s]-cp-amÄ-¡me-s¯ A-h-Im-im-[n-Im-c§Ä
]-cn-W-an-¨pw s]-cp-am-fp-sS Xn-tcm-[m--t¯msS km-aq-lnIþkm-¼¯n-I Øn-Xn-I-
fnepmb hn-tI-{µo-I-c-W-¯n-sâ B-p-Iq-ey-¯mepw t£-{X-§Ä A-[n-Im-c-tI-
{µ-§fmIp-¶-Xpw Ah-sb D-]-Po-hn-¨n-cp-¶ a-e-bm-f -{_m-Ò-WÀ `q-kz-¯mÀ-Ön¨v
‘{_-Ò-kzw’ h-kv-Xp-¡Ä cq-]-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw {Km-a-§-fmbn s]-cp-Ip-¶Xp-sam-s¡ tI-
c-tfmÂ-¸-¯n-I-fn-se A-´À-[m-c-I-fmWv. Ht¶m ctm A-]-hmZ-§-sfm-gn-¨mÂ þ
A-Xpw, ]nÂ-¡me-¯v þ -¼q-Xn-cnamtcm t£-{X-§tfm t-cn-s«m-cp `-c-W-hy-h-
Ø-bn-tet¡m cm-{ã-cq-]o-I-c-W-¯n-te-t¡m hn-I-kn-¨nÃ F¶XmWv bmYmÀ°yw.
-¼q-Xn-cn {Km-a-§Ä {]m-tZ-in-Iam-b A-[n-Im-cw, ]-e-t¸mgpw Pm-Xym-Sn-Øm--¯nÂ
X-s¶, ]p-eÀ-¯n-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bp-sS Øm--t¯¡v {Ita-W D-
bÀ-¶p h¶-Xv {]-_-e-·mcm-b m-Sp-hm-gn-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p.tI-c-tfmÂ-¸-¯n-bp-sS Ime-
¯np XpSÀ¨sbt¶mWw qämpIÄ¡n¸pdw, IrXyambn ]dªmÂ ]-Xn-tgmw
q-äm-tm-sS sX-¡p Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iqdpw, a-²y-¯nÂ sIm¨nbpw, hS-¡v a-e-_mdpw
cq]-s¸-Sp-Ibpw tI-c-tfmÂ-¸-¯n-bn-se cm-Py-§-fnÂ Xp-fp-cmPyw G-Xm-p ap-gp-h-
mbpw Xs¶ Cu m-«p-cm-Py-tI-c-f-¯n-p ]p-d-¯m-hp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp.
6. m-Sp-hm-gn-¯-Im-ewþ (1) ]{´mw q-äm-p h-sc a-tlm-Z-b-]p-cw B-Øm--am-
bn H-cp tI-{µoIr-X `c-Ww n-e-n-¶n-cp-¶p F-¶ k-¦Â-¸-¯nÂ n-¶p X-s¶-bm-
Wv m-«p-cm-Py-§-fp-sS D-cp-¯n-cn-b-en-sâ D-Z-b-¯npff kqNIÄ e`n¡p¶Xpw.
Ipe-ti-J-c-s¸-cp-am-sf¶ tI-{µm-[n-Im-cw CÃm-Xm-b-tXm-Sp Iq-Sn m-Sp-hm-gn-IÄ kz-
X-{´-cm-sb-¶pw B m-Sp-IÄ-¡p-ffn-tem H-¶n-e-[n-Iw m-Sp-I-fnÂ ]-SÀt¶m ]-c-
am-[n-Im-c-ap-f-f t£-{X-k-t¦-X-§Ä DSse-Sp¯p-sh-¶p-ap-f-f H-cp Nn-{X-am-Wv 12 ap-
XÂ G-I-tZ-iw 16 h-sc-bp-f-f q-äm-p-Ifnse h-sc tI-c-f-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-f-fXv. s]cp-
amÄ Im-e-L-«-¯nÂ Zm--§-fn-eq-sS-bpw s]-cp-amÄ-¡m-e-¯n-p ti-j-apm-b A-
hy-h-Ø-bnÂ ]p-Xp-Xm-bn Øm]n-s¨-Sp-¯-Xn-eq-sSbpw t£-{X-§Ä h³-tXm-XnÂ
`q-an-bp-sS D-S-a-ØX ssI-¿m-fn-bn-cp¶p. kt¦-X-§Ä F-¶-dn-b-s¸-« Cu t£-{Xm-
[nIm-c {]-tZ-i§Ä Hcp cm-Pm-hn-pw cm-Pm-[n-Im-cw -S-¯p-hm³ A-h-Im-i-an-Ãm-
Xn-cp-¶- nÝnX A-XnÀ-¯n-IÄ¡I¯pff ¢n]vX {]-tZ-i-§fmbncp¶p F¶m-
Wv I-cp-X-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. G-Xv cm-PymXnÀ-¯n-¡-I-¯v k-t¦-X-§Ä DÄ-s¸-«n-cp-¶mepw
icnXs¶ {]kvXpX {]tZis¯ cm-Pm-hn-v k-t¦X¯n-p-f-fnÂ c£I-Øm--
11. [tIih³ shfp¯m«v þ Brahmin Settlements in Kerala, kÔy ]»nt¡j³kv, 1978 t]-Pv þ21þ22]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XX
aÃmsX aäp bm-sXm-cphn[ A-[n-Im-c-§fpw D-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. alm-`q-cn]-£w `q-an-
bp-sS A-h-Im-ihpw D-S-a-Ø-X-b-pw t£-{X-§Ä-¡pw A-Xph-gn t£-{X-`-c-Wm-[n-
Im-cnIfm-bn-cp-¶ Du-cm-fÀ AY-hm tbm-K-¡mÀ-¡p-am-bncp¶XnmÂ C-§-s-bp-
ff c-£-I-Øm--t¯¡v tbm-K-¯n-ep-f-f {_m-Ò-W-cp-sS C-ãw t]m-se G-Xp cm-
Pm-hn-t-bpw n-Ý-bn¡mambncp¶p.kÀ-Æ-m[n-Im-chpw kz-X-{´-am-bn tbm-K-¡mÀ
h-ln-¨p-t]m-¶ncp-¶-Xn-mÂ c-£-I-Øm--t¯-¡p h-¶n-cp-¶ cm-Pm-hn-sâ {]-hr-
¯n tZ-h-kzw kz-¯p-¡-sf Im-¯p c-£n-¡p-I-bpw tZ-h-kz-¯n-sâ A-h-Im-i-§Ä-
¡p o-¡p-t]m-¡pw Xm-gv-N-bpw ho-gv-N-bpw h-cm-sX tm-¡p-I-bpw am{X-am-bn-cp¶p.
c-£-I-Øm-w h-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-v £-Wn-¨p-sIm-p-h-cp-¶ km-a-´,-£-{Xn-b cm-Pm-
¡-·m-sc tIm-hn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ F-¶m-Wv hn-fn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. C§s cmP-Øm-hpw
tIm-hn-e-[n-Im-chp-sam-s¡ A-h-Im-i-s¸-Sm-sa-¦n-epw `q-an-bnÂ n-¶p-f-f t-cn-«p-f-f
h-cp-am-sam¶pw mSp-hm-gnt¡m cm-Pmhntm sN-¶n-cp-¶-Xm-bn Im-Wp-¶n-Ã12
. hnti-
jn¨v A-[n-Im-c-sam¶pw CÃm-¯ Cu Xp-eym-h-Ø-bnÂ taÂss¡ I-Â¸n-s¨-Sp-
¡p-¶-Xn-m-bn s]-cp-am-sf-¯-s¶-bm-Wv m-Sp-hm-gn-IÄ B-{i-bn-¨p Im-Wp-¶Xv. C-
Xv c-p hn-[-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. tIm-hn-e-[n-Im-c-Ømw s]-cp-am-fnÂ n¶pw ]m-c-¼-
cy-am-bn e-`n-¨-Xm-sW-¶pw m-Sp `-cn-¡m-p-f-f A-h-Im-iw s]-cp-am-fn-sâ A--´-cm-
h-Im-in-sb-¶ n-e-bnÂ t-cn-«p e-`n-¨-Xm-sW-¶p-ap-f-fhbmbncp¶p
hyXykvX§fmb C¯cw A-hIm-ihm-Z-§-Ä.
(2) taÂ-ss¡-bp-f-f t£-{X-§-fp-sS tIm-hn-e-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw kzm-`m-hn-I-ambpw
D-¶-X-cm-bn I-cp-X-s¸-«p. a-tlm-Z-b-]pc-s¯ B-Øm--t£-{Xamb Xn-cp-h-©n-¡p-f-
¯nsâ tIm-hn-e-[n-Im-cn-sb-¶ n-e-bnÂ s]-cp-¼-S-¸v (sIm¨n) cm-Pm-hn-sâ _n-cp-
Z-am-bn {]-tbm-Kn-¨p Im-Wp-¶ Kw-Km-[-c-Xn-cp-t¡m-hn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ H-cp-Zm-l-c-
W-amWv. A-{X {]m-[m-y-apff t£-{X-§-Ä A-Xy-]qÀ-Æ-am-b--Xn-mÂ cm-P-Øm--
¯n-sâ {]m-am-Wy-¯n-m-bn cmas¯ A-h-Im-i-hm-Z-am-Wv þ X-§Ä-¡v s]-cp-am-
fnÂ n-¶p-am-Wv cmPyw e-`-n¨-Xv F-¶Xv þIqSp-XÂ t]cpw D-¶-bn-¨Xv. th-Wm-Spw,
tIm-e-¯p-m-Spw km-aq-Xn-cn-bpw s]-cp-¼-S-¸p(sIm-¨n)apÄs¸sS tI-c-f-¯n-se H«p-
an-¡ m-Sp-hm-gn-I-fpw C-¯-c-¯nÂ s]-cp-am-fnÂ n-¶pw A--´-cm-h-Im-i-ambn cm-
Pyw e-`n-¨-h-cm-sW-¶v ]nÂ-¡me¯v A-h-Im-i-s¸-«p Im-Wp-¶pv. C¯c-¯nÂ,
t£-{X-k-t¦-X-§-sf-¶ Xp-cp-¯p-I-fpw A-h-bv-¡n-S-bnÂ s]m-«p-IÄ t]m-se m-a-
am-{Xam-b {]-tZi-¯v AÂ-¸m-[n-Im-cw {]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-¶ m-Sp-hm-gn-I-fp-am-bn ]m-tS
ZpÀ-ºeamb cmjv{So-b-L-S--bn-eqsS Cu `q-hn-`m-Kw I-S¶p-t]m-bncp¶ Im-e-L-«-
12. `q-an-bnÂ n-¶p-f-f h-cp-am--sam-¶pw Cu-Sm-¡m-m-Im-Xn-cp-¶ tI-c-fo-b cm-Pm-¡-·m-cp-sS {]-[m- h-cp-am--amÀ-Kw
Iptd Im-gv-N-Ifpw Np-¦-§-fp-am-bn-cp¶p þ B-fp-I-sf A-Sn-a-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f X-e-¸-Ww, ap-e-¸-W-w, sX-§nÂ I-b-
dp-hm³ Cu-g-hÀ sIm-Sp-t¡- X-f-¡m-Ww, G-Wn-¡m-Ww, B--sb ta-bv-¡m³ A-p-h-Zn-bv-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f ]-Ww,
s]m-¶-cn-¡m³ A-p-h-Zn-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f ]-Ww, taÂ-ao-i h-bv-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f Im-gv-N, Io-gv-Pm-Xn-¡mÀ-¡v X-e-bnÂ D-dp-
amÂ sI-«p-¶-Xn-pw hn-c-ep-I-fnÂ tam-Xn-cw C-Sp-¶-Xn-pw a-äpap-f-f Im-gv-N, kzÀ-®w sIm-p-f-f B-`-c-Ww [-cn-¡p-¶-
Xn-p-f-f Im-gv-N XpS-§nbh. C-h-sb-¡q-Sm-sXbp-m-bn-cp-¶ km-c-am-b h-cp-am-w Ip-cp-ap-f-In-sâ-bpw a-e-©-c-¡p-I-
fp-sS-bpw hym-]m-cw kw-_-Ôn-¨p-ffXmWv. Cu N-c-¡p-I-fp-sS hym-]m-ctasdbpw Xp-d-ap-J-§-sf tI-{µo-I-cn-¨m-bn-cp-
¶p n-e-n-¶n-cp-¶-Xv F¶Xn-mÂ {][m- Xp-d-ap-J§-sf DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-¶ m-«p-cm-Py-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p G-sd hn-Im-kw
{]m-]n-¨Xv.
[sI. ]n. ]-ßm-` ta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n cm-Py-N-cn-{Xw, amXr`qan _pIvkv, 1996. t]Pvþ 623þ624]
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am-bn-cp-¶p 12 ap-XÂ 16 h-sc-bp-f-f q-äm-p-IÄ. Cu Im-e-L«§fnse N-cn-{X-tc-
J-I-fp-sS A-`m-hhpw i-à-am-b A-[n-Im-c-Øm--§-fp-sSbpw Øm]§fpsSbpw
CÃm-bv-a-bn-te-¡p X-s¶-bm-Wv hncÂ Nqp¶Xpw. hn-tZ-i-k-©m-cn-I-fp-sS Ip-dn-
¸p-I-fnÂ n¶pw km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-fnÂ n-¶pw {K-Ù-h-cn-I-fnÂ n-¶pw tIm-hn-e-
Iw tc-J-I-fnÂ n-¶psam-s¡-bp-f-f ZznXo-b-t{i-Wn-bnÂ s]-Sp-¶ hn-h-c-§-fn-eq-
sS-bmWv Cu Im-e-L«-s¯ ]Tn-¡m-m-Ip-¶Xv. C¯csamcp A-hy-à-X-bnÂ
n¶pamWv Xp-SÀ-¶p-f-f Im-e-§-fnÂ tIc-fw F-s´-¶p-f-f-Xn-v {]m-Y-an-Iam-b
nÀ-ÆN-w Â-Inb aq-¶p m-«p-cm-Py-§-Ä þ Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ, sIm¨n, ae_mÀ
F-¶n-h þ]Xn-sb-¸-Xn-sb DÂ-¡À-jw {]m-]n-¨Xv.
7. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iqdnsâ DZbwþ (1) F.Un. F«mw iX-Iw ap-X-ep-f-f ]m-Þy-im-
k--§-fnÂ th-Wm-Sv F¶ cmPys¯¡pdn¨v ]-cm-aÀ-i-ap-v. C-´y-bp-sS sX-t¡
ap-¼p ap-XÂ G-I-tZ-iw mKÀ-tIm-hnÂ h-sc-bp-f-f {]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ tNm-fcpw ]m-
Þy-cpw, A-hnS-¶p h-S-t¡m-«v G-I-tZ-iw Xn-cp-h--´-]p-c-¯n-sâ h-S-¡³ `m-K-
§Ä h-sc B-bv cm-Pm-¡-·m-cpw `-c-Ww -S-¯n-bn-cp-¶ Cu Im-e-L-«-¯nÂ s]-cp-
amÄ-t¡c-f-¯n-sâ sX-t¡ A-ä-amb B-bv cm-Pym-XnÀ-¯n ap-XÂ h-S-t¡m-«v C¶-
s¯ I-cp-m-K-¸f-fn Xm-eq-¡n-ep-f-f I-t¶än h-sc-bp-f-f {]-tZ-i-s¯-bm-Wv th-Wm-
Sv F-¶v hn-fn-¨p h¶ncp¶Xv. sImÃ-¯n-pw Xn-cp-h--´-]p-c-¯npw C-S-bv-¡p Øn-
Xn sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶ H-cp sN-dpIn-S m-Sp am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p F.Un. F«v, H³]-Xv i-X-I-
§-fnÂ th-WmSv. Nn-d-hmbv, Io-gv-t¸-cqÀ, C-c-WnbÂ, Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-tImSv, IÂ-¡pfw,
Xr-¸m-¸qÀ XpS-§n ]-e B-Øm--§-Ä kzo-I-cn-¨v `c-Ww -S¯n-b Iq]-Iw AY-
hm sImÃw, Xr-¸m-¸qÀ, Nn-d-hmbv, F-f-bn-Sw F-¶o im-J-IÄ AY-hm kz-cq-]-§-Ä
s]cp-amÄ `-c-W-¯n-sâ A-h-km--Ime¯v e-bn-¨v th-Wm-Sv cm-P-hw-iw cq-]-s¸-Sp-
¶-tXm-sS 12þmw i-XI-¯n-sâ B-cw-`-¯nÂ am-{X-ta thWm-Sv cm-P-hw-i-¯n-v kz-
X-{´-]Z-hn ssI-h-cp-¶p-ffp13
. th-Wm-«n-se {][m- cm-Pm-hn-s Nnd-hm aq-¸-s-
¶pw, {io-]-Zv-a-m-`-kzm-an t£-{X-¯n-tâbpw a-äp t£-{X-§-fp-tSbpw `-c-W-Im-cy-
§Ä tIm-bn-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ F-¶-t]mse nÀ-Æ-ln¨p-t]m-¶ bp-h-cm-Pm-hn-s Xr-
¸m-¸qÀ aq-¸-s¶pamWv hn-fn-¨n-cp-¶Xv.
(2) ]Xn-aq¶mw q-äm-n-sâ B-cw-`-¯nÂ th-Wm-Sn-sâ h-S-¡p-`m-K-§-fnÂ
Hm-S-mSpw sh¬-s]m-en-mSpw t]m-ep-f-f ]pXn-b kz-cq-]-§Ä cq-]w sIm-f-fp-I-bpw
]Xn-memw q-äm-nÂ C-h kz-X-{´-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbv-X-tXmsS cm-PyL-S- in-Yn-
eam-hp-I-bpw th-Wm-Sv cm-Pm-hv F-¶ ]Z-hn CÃm-Xm-Ip-Ibpw sN-bvXp. A-h-km-
s¯ ]p-cp-jmw-Kw A-´-cn-¨-Xn-mÂ F.Un. 1652þÂ Xr-¸m-¸qÀ aq-¯ Xn-cph-Sn
F¶ Øm-w h-ln-¡p-hm³ BÄ C-Ãm-sX-bmIpI-bpw F.Un. 1685þÂ {io-]-Zv-a-
13. th-Wm-Sn-tâbpw Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-tâbpw ]-cn-Wm-a-§Ä kw-_-Ôn-¨v ]-e hm-Z-§-fp-m-bn-«pv.
[Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ (th-WmSv) cm-P-hw-iw þ sI. ]n. ]-Zv-a-m-`ta-tm³, tIcf kmlnXy A¡mUan, 1989. t]Pvþ53;
Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ N-cn{Xw þ ]n. i-¦p-®nta-tm³, tIcf `mjm C³Ìnäyq«v, 2015. t]Pvþ 31-þ47;
C-fw-Ip-fw Ip-ª³-]n-f-f-bp-sS Xn-c-sª-Sp-¯ Ir-XnIÄ. t]Pvþ 356,354;
th-WmSpw Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iqdpw þ ]n. in-h-i-¦-c³ m-bÀ; t]Pvþ 10;
]n. `m-kv-I-c-p-®n þ sImÃ-¯n-sâ N-cn{Xw, sImÃw ]»nIv sse{_dn B³Uv dnkÀ¨v skâÀ, 1 9 9 4 .
t]Pvþ 62þ71]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XXII
m-`-kzm-an t£{Xw Xo-¸n-Sn-¨p -in¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-X-tXmsS Ip-Spw-_-¯-e-h³ F-
¶ ]Z-hn X-s¶bpw A-{]-k-à-am-bn. A-tX-¯p-SÀ-¶v th-Wm-Sv A-m-Y-am-Ip-I-
bpw km-a-´-kz-cq-]-§Ä kzX-{´-am-Ip-Ibpw sN-bvXp. Cu Øn-Xn-hn-ti-j-¯n-v
A´yapmb-Xv F.Un. 1729þÂ Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ cm-Pm-hm-bn `-c-W-ta-ä A-n-gw-
Xn-cp-mÄ amÀ-¯m-Þ-hÀ-½-bp-sS Im-ew ap-X-emWv. B-än-§Â dm-Wn-am-cnÂ H-cm-
fp-sS ]p-{X-m-I-bmÂ Xr-¸m-¸qÀ aq-¯-Xn-cph-Sn Øm--¯n-v AÀ-l-m-bn-
cp¶psh¦nepw {io-]-Zv-a-m-`-kzm-an t£-{Xw A-¶v CÃm-Xn-cp-¶-Xn-mÂ A-t±-l-
¯n-v B Øm--taÂ-¡p-hm-m-bnÃ. F.Un. 1736þÂ t£-{X-¯n-sâ ]-Wn ]qÀ-
¯n-bm-¡n-b-ti-jw sXm«-Sp-¯-hÀ-jw A-t±-lw B Øm-w G-sä-Sp¯p. Xp-SÀ-¶v
km-a-´-kz-cq-]§-sf h-cp-Xn-bn-em-¡p-Ibpw th-Wm-«nÂ n¶pw hn«p-t]m-b m-SpI-
sf X-{´hpw _-ehpw D-]-tbm-Kn-¨v Xncn-sI-t¨À-¡p-Ibpw sNbv-X-Xn-eq-sS-bm-Wv
th-Wm-Sv Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dm-bn-¯oÀ-¶Xv.
8. sIm¨n cmPy¯nsâ DÛhwþ (1) sIm-¨n cm-Py-¯n-sâ D-Ûhhpw hn-Im-
khpw ]-d-bm³ {i-an-¨n-«p-f-f G-Xm-v FÃm N-cn-{X-Im-c-·mcpw t]mÀ-¨p-Ko-kp-Im-cp-
sS h-c-hn-p (F.Un. 1500) ap-¼p-f-f N-cn{Xw A-Úm-X-am-sW-¶14
Im-cy-¯nÂ
G-Im-`n-{]m-b-¡m-cmWv. sIm-¨n cm-Py-s¯-¸-än-bm-Is«, A-hnS-s¯ `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-
I-sf-¸-än-bm-Is«, s]-cp-amÄ-¡m-e-¯p-f-f tc-J-IÄ bm-sXm-cp kq-N-bpw Â-
Ip¶panÃ. ht¶-cn-bn-se s]-cp-¼-S-¸n-ep-f-f Nn-{X-Iq-Sw F-¶ B-Øm-w 13þmw
q-äm-nÂ C¶s¯ sIm-Sp-§Ãq-cn-se-¶p I-cp-Xs¸Sp¶ a-tlm-Z-b-]p-c-t¯-¡pw
Xp-SÀ-¶v 1405þÂ sIm-¨n-bn-te-¡pw am-äp-¶-Xn-p km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS B-{I-aWam-Wp
Im-c-W-sa-¶Xp X-s¶ sIm-¨n-bp-sS ssi-i-hm-hØsb sh-fn-hm-¡p-¶p-v. F.Un.
1341þse sh-f-f-s¸m-¡-s¯-¯p-SÀ-¶v sIm-¨n A-gn-bnÂ cq-]w sIm- {]-Ir-Xn-Z-
¯ Xp-d-ap-J-am-Wv s]-cp-¼S-¸v kz-cq]-s¯ sIm-¨n-bnÂ D-d-¸n-¨p nÀ-¯n-b-Xpw cm-
Py-nÀ-½n-Xn-¡p Im-c-W-am-b-Xpw. F.Un. 1419-1444 Ime¯v tI-c-f-¯n-ep-m-
bn-cp-¶ C-ä-en-¡m-cm-b n-t¡mtfm tIm-n sIm-¨n cm-Py-¯n-sâ hn-kv-Xr-Xn A-
©p ssaÂ-kv B-sW-¶p tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p. F.Un. 1465þte-Xm-sW-¶p
IcpXs¸Sp¶ A-bn-cm-Wn-¡p-fw t£-{X-{K-Ù-h-cn-bnÂ15
“s]-cp-¼S-¸p kz-cq-]-
¯n-¦Â cm-a-hÀ-½ tI-c-f³ a-lm-cm-Pm-hn-p-f-f cm-Pm-[n-]-Xy-§-fnÂ n¶pw t£-
{X-§-fnÂ A-hn-sS-bp-f-f B-dp Øm--§-fnÂ.....” F¶pw “H-cp a-lm-cm-Pm-hn-p-f-f
Øm--¯nÂ A-I-t¡mbv-a IÂ-¸n¨p-sIm-Sp-¯n-«p-f-f-XÃm-sX bm-sXm-¶p-anÃ” F-
¶ {]-kv-Xm-h-§fpw Xn-cp-h-©n-¡p-fw G-fw-Ip-¶¸p-g, C-cn-§m-e¡p-S {K-Ù-h-cnIfn-
sebpw A-h-W-t¡m-«v, kzÀ-®¯v Xp-S§n-b a--I-fnse {KÙ-§-fn-sebpw16
]-
cm-aÀ-i-§fpw 16þmw q-äm-n-p ap-¼v sIm-¨n cm-Pm-hn-v {]-[m--s¸-« t£-{X-§-
fn-se tIm-hn-e-[n-Im-c-Øm-§-tfm- tIm-bv-a Øm-§tfm AÃmsX h³-tXm-Xn-
14. [kn. A-¨p-Xta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n³ tÌ-äv am-p-hÂ, tIcf kÀ¡mÀ, 1995. t]Pvþ37;
sI. ]-n. ]-ßm-` ta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n cm-Py-N-cn{Xw, amXr`qan _pIvkv, 1996. t]Pvþ 17]
15. []n.sI.cm-L-h³ m-bÀ þ A-bn-cm-Wn-¡p-fw {K-Ùh-cn, 2010. t]Pvþ 11]
16. [Rama Varma Research Institute Bullettin Vol X Part I Page- 13-18]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXXIII
epf-f `cWm-[-n-Imc-§tfm A-h-Im-i-§tfm Dm-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¶p X-s¶-bm-Wv
Ønco-I-cn-¡p-¶Xv. Xr-ÈqÀ, s]-cp-aw (s]cphw), C-cn-§m-e-¡p-S, A-hn-«-¯qÀ,
sN½-, A-bn-cm-Wn-¡pfw, aq-gn-¡pfw, s]-cp-hmcw, Xn-cp-hmÃqÀ, F-f-¦p-¶-¸p-g, Xn-
cp-hÃ XpS§nb {]-[m--t£-{X-k-t¦-X-§-Ä FÃmwX-s¶ sIm-¨n A-h-Im-i-hm-
Zw D-¶-bn-¡p-¶ A-XnÀ-¯n-IÄ-¡-I-¯m-bn-cp¶p F¶ h-kv-Xp-Xbpw sIm-¨n cm-
Py-¯n-sâ DÂ-¸-¯n-Imes¯ `-c-W-kw-hn-[m--s¯-¸-än hy-Xy-kv-X-aÃm-¯ kq-N-
IÄ Xs¶bmWv ÂIp¶Xv.
(2) F.Un. 1500þÂ tIm-gn-t¡m-s«¯nb cmw t]mÀ-¨p-Ko-kv I¸Â-kw-
L-¯n-sâ X-e-hmb I-{_mÄ, km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-am-bn I-e-ln-¨v sIm-¨n cm-Pm-hp-am-
bn kJyw sN-¿p-¶-tXm-Sp Iq-Sn-bm-Wv sIm-¨n-bp-sS D-bÀ-¨ B-cw`n¡p-¶Xv. kpi-
àm-b km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS A-{]-am-ZnXzw n-e-n¶ncp¶ A¡me¯v sIm-¨n-bn-se
`-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-fp-sS Øn-Xn ]-t£ ]-cn-Xm-]-I-c-am-bn-cp¶p. sIm-¨n cm-P-hw-i-
¯n-sâ A-©p Xm-h-gn-I-fnÂ (aq-¯- Xm-hgn, C-f-b -Xm-hgn, ap-cn-§qÀ Xm-hgn, Nm-
gqÀ Xm-hgn, ]-f-fp-cp-¯n Xmh-gn F¶nh) s]«hcnÂ Gähpw {]m-bw Iq-Sn-b-bmÄ
s]cp-¼S-¸v aq-¸-s¶ Øm--t¯msS cm-Pm-hm-bn-¯o-cp-I-bpw, A-bmÄ hr-²-m-
Ip-t¼mÄ A-Sp-¯ B-fn-p-th-n Øm--sam-gn-ªp sIm-Sp-¡p-I-bp-sa-¶ ]-Xn-hv
B-`y-´-c-am-b H-cp ssi-Yn-ey-¯n-v h-gn-h¨p. A-[n-Im-c-sam-gn-ª cm-Pm-hnsâ B-
Úm-phÀ-¯n-Ifpw A-[n-Im-c-ta-ä cm-Pm-hnsâ ]mÀ-izhÀ-¯n-I-fp-am-bn c-p hn-
cp-²-i-àn-IÄ FÃm-bv-t¸mgpw cm-Py-¯v {]-hÀ-¯n¨p-sIm-n-cp¶p. Xpd-ap-J-¯n-
sâ I-¨-h-S-km-²y-X-I-fpw I-¨-h-S-¯n-sâ ]n³-_-e-¯n-ep-f-f A-[n-Im-c-_-ehpa-dn-
bmambncp-¶ km-aq-XncnbmIs« sIm-¨n-bp-sS `-c-W-Øn-c-X-bpw B-`y-´-c-k-am-[m-
hpw sa-¨-s¸-Sm-sX tm-¡p-¶-Xnv Cu _-e-lo-X-sb D-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp¯pIbpw
sNbvXp. iàm-b H-cp k-Jy-I-£n-bp-sS B-h-iy-I-X n-e-n¶ncp¶ Cu km-
l-N-cy-¯n-em-Wv sIm-¨n t]mÀ-¨p-Ko-kp-Im-cp-am-bpw Xp-SÀ-¶v U-¨p-Im-cp-am-bpw k-
Jy-¯n-teÀ-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. G-sX-¦nep-sam-cp bq-tdm-]y³ i-àn-bp-am-bn D-S-¼-Sn-bn-teÀ-
s¸-Sp-¶ BZy C³-Uy³ cm-Py-§fn-sem¶mWp sIm-¨n. hntZ-in-I-fp-am-bpff hmWn-
Py-_-Ô-§-fp-sS ]n³-_-e-¯nÂ ]n¶oSv sIm-¨n H-cp m-«p-cm-Py-sa-¶ n-e-bnÂ
tSnb h-fÀ-¨ I®©n¸n¡p¶Xmbncp¶p.
9. a-e-_mÀ -þ DZbwþ (1) s]-cp-amÄ Im-e-L-«-¯n-se Pq-X sN-t¸-SnÂ (F.Un.
1000) G-dmÄ-mSp-ssS-bm-b am--th-]-e-am--ho-b³ H-cp km-£n-bm-bn {]-Xy-£-
s¸-Sp-¶Xm-Wv G-d-m-Sn-s-¡p-dn-¨p-f-f B-Zy -]-cm-aÀiw. F.Un. 1102þse cm-taizcw
tc-J-bnÂ s]-cp-am-fp-sS km-a-´³ F-¶-n-e-bnepw F.Un. 1225þse ho-c-cm-L-h-
]-«-b-¯nepw G-d-m-Spv. X-an-gv `m-j-bn-se-gpXn-b H-cp tI-c-tfmÂ-¸-¯n-bnÂ s-
Sn-bn-cn-¸n-se Nn-{X-Iq-S-am-Wv GdmÄ-¸m-Snsâ B-Øm-w F-¶p ImWp¶p. Ø-e-
t¸-cp tNÀ-¯pw hÀ-¤-t¸-cp tNÀ¯pw Øm--t¸-cp ]-d-bp¶-Xv m-Sp-hm-gn hw-i-§-
fnÂ kÀÆkm-[m-c-W-am-bncp¶Xn-mÂ sIm-tm-«n-¡-Sp-¯pff s-Sn-bn-cn-
¸mbncp¶p GdmÄ-¸m-Snsâ B-Øm-sa-¶pw C-XnÂ n-¶p-am-Wv 17
s-Sn-bn-cn-¸v
17. [F³.Fw. -¼q-Xn-cn þ a-e-_mÀþ kmaqXncnmSv, tIcf `mjm C³Ìnäyq«v, 2013. ]T-§Ä, t]-Pv þ92]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XXIV
kz-cq-]-ap-m-b-sX¶pw I-cp-X-s¸-Sp¶p. G-dmÄ-m-Sv F-¶ B-Zn-cq-]w 13þmw i-X-
I-t¯m-Sp Iq-Sn G-dm-m-Spw, ]-Xn--©mw i-X-I-¯n-p ti-jw G-d-m-Sp-am-bn am-dp-
I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. aq¯ GdmÄ-¸m-Sn-s hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡p¶ kmaq-Xn-cn F-¶ hm-
¡v ]Xn-©mw q-äm-n-em-Wv D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p Im-Wp-¶Xv. F.Un. 1402þ1405þse
No-m tc-J-I-fnse “am--hn{I-a km-an-cn”bpw F.Un. 1452þse Nn-d-bv-¡Â tIm-
hne-Iw tc-J-bn-se “km-aq-Xn-cn”bp-am-Wv B-ZyIm-e sXfn-hpIÄ. HutZymKn-I hn-
fw-_-c-§-fnÂ H-cp _n-cp-Z-sa¶ t]m-se D-]-tbm-Kn-¨p Im-Wp-¶ ]q-´p-d-t¡m³ F-
¶ {]-tbm-K-¯n-v Iq-Sp-XÂ ]-g-¡-ap-s-¦nepw18
tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv Xp-d-bp-sS A-[n-]³
F-¶n-Xn-s I-cp-Xm-m-hnÃ. s-Sn-bn-cn-¸nÂ n-¶-pw B-Øm-w tIm-gn-t¡m-tS¡v
am-dn-b-Xnpw q-äm-p-IÄ ap-¼m-bn-cp-¶p Cu hn-ti-j-W-¯n-sâ B-Zy {]-tbmKw.
t]-cpw _n-cp-Z-hpw IqSn F.Un. 1402 ap-X-em-Wv {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-sX-¶pw hn-e-bn-
cp-¯epv. hmWn-Py-hp-am-bn _-Ô-s¸«v IStem-c-hpw Xp-d-ap-Jhpw tX-Sn-bmI-Ww
km-aq-Xncn ]qÀ-Æ-Ip-Spw-_-Øm--am-b- s-Sn-bn-cn-¸v hn«v tIm-gn-t¡m-Sn-s B-Øm-
-am-bn kzo-I-cn-¨-sX¶pw n-co-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶p. Cu Im-e-t¯m-Sv A-Sp-¸n-¨m-Wv G-
d-m-Sv hm-gp-¶-h-cnÂ n¶pw h-f-fp-h-m-Spw t]m-f-mSp-sam-s¡ DÄs¡m-f-fp-¶ kmaq-
Xn-cn-sb¶ H-scm-ä cm-Pm-[n-Im-c-¯n-p Io-gnÂ a-e-_mÀ19
cq-]-s¸-Sp-¶Xv.
(2) sIm-¨n-sb Øn-c-am-bn B-{I-an¨p-sIm-n-cp-¶ km-aq-Xn-cn-¡v20
]-t£
]n¶oSpmb ssa-kqÀ B-{I-aW-s¯ sN-dp-¡m-m-bncp¶nÃ. F.Un. 1766þÂ
ssl-ZÀ A-en a-e-_m-dn-s Io-g-S-¡p-¶-tXm-Sp Iq-Sn B-cw-`n-¨ ]-Xw, F.Un.
1799þÂ {_n-«o-jp-Im-cp-sS ]qÀ-®m-[n-]-Xy-¯nÂ F-¯n n¶p. `qn-Ip-Xn-bp-sS
Im-cy-¯nÂ k-a-Im-en-Icm-b A-bÂ-cm-Pm-¡-·m-cp-sS A-tX n-e-]m-Sm-bn-cp-¶p (C¯-
c-sam-¶v D-m-bn-cp-¶nÃ F-¶-XnÂ) km-aq-XncnbptSXpw F¶Xpw {]kàamWv.
10. ]gb Imes¯ Im-kÀ-tKm-Uvþ tIm-e-¯p-m-sS¶pw Xp-fp-m-sS¶pw c-m-
bn-cp-¶ m-Sp-I-fm-Wv {]-[m--ambpw ImkÀ-tKm-Uv {]-tZ-i-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶Xv. C-h-
bp-sS D-Â]-¯n-bpw 12þmw q-äm-tm-sSbmsW-¶v A-p-am-n¡p-hm-t X-c-ap-f-fp.
18. s]-cp-am-fp-sS km-a-´³ F-¶ -n-e-bnÂ F.Un. 1102þse cm-ta-iz-cw tc-J-bnse “G-d-m-Sp hm-gvssI am--hn-¡n-
c-am- ]q´p-ssd-t¡m³” F-¶ {]-tbm-K-¯nÂ n¶v
[Fw.Pn.Fkv. m-cm-bW³ þ tIm-gn-t¡m-Sn-sâ IY, amXr`qan _pIvkv, 2017. t]Pvþ92]
19. ae_mÀ F-¶ hm-¡v F.Un. B-Zy q-äm-p-I-fn-sebpw aäpw hn-tZiob tc-J-I-fnÂ tI-c-f-Xo-c-s¯ AY-hm sX-
t¡ C³-Uy³ ap--¼n-sâ ]-Sn-ªm-td-¡-c-sb-bm-Wv kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv. {_n-«o-jv C³-Uy³ tc-J-I-fnepw B-Zy-Ime-¯v
C-§-s-bm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦n-epw km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS A-[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n cq-]-s¸-«p h-¶-tXm-sS tIm-gn-t¡m-Sn-sâ A-[o--X-bn-
ep-f-f {]-tZ-i-t¯-¡p am-{X-ambn Cu hm-¡n-sâ ]-cn-[n Np-cp-§n. Xp-SÀ¶v, a-{Zm-kv {]-kn-U³-kn-¡p Io-gn-ep-f-f PnÃ-
bm-bm-Wv a-e-_m-À F-¶ {]-tZ-iw kq-Nn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. km-aq-Xn-cn Im-e-s¯-¡p-dn-¡p¶ tc-J-I-fnÂ tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv ]-
«-W-sa-¶v hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡m-¯ C-S-s¯Ãmw tIm-gn-t¡m-sS-¶pw a-e-_m-sd-¶p-ap-f-f {]-tbm-Kw ]nÂ-¡mes¯ {_n-«o-jv
a-e-_m-dn-s B-sI-bpÄ-s¡m-f-fp¶p.
20. hmÄ sIm-v D-bnÀ-sIm- km-{am-Py-amb a-e-_mÀ AYhm tIm-gn-t¡mSv, sIm-¨n-bp-am-bn IpSn-¸-I-sb-¶h-Ww
Øn-c-am-bn B-{I-a-W-§Ä -S¯nt¸m¶p. ]-Xn-©mw q-äm-nÂ kmaq-Xncn sIm-¨n-b-p-sS taÂ B-[n-]-Xyw Øm-]n-
¡p-¶papv. tIm-gn-t¡m-s« A-d-_n-¡¨-h-S Xm-Xv-]-cy-§-fp-sS kw-c-£Ww, sIm-¨n cm-P-Ip-Spw-_-¯n-se `n-¶m-`n-{]m-
b§Ä, C-S-¸f-fn cm-Pm-hn-sâ n-e-]m-Sp-IÄ Xp-S§n-b-h-bmWv Cu B-{I-a-W-§Ä-¡p ]n-¶n-se Im-c-W§Ä. tIm-gn-
t¡mSnsâ sXt¡m-«p-f-f Cu I-S-¶p-Ib-äw þ km-aq-Xn-cn sX-t¡m-«p am-{X-ta sh-«n¸n-Sn-¯w -S-¯n-bn-«p-f-fp-sh-¶Xpw
þ N-cn-{X-K-Xn-sb nÀ-®-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-epw, tI-c-f-¯n-sâ cq-]o-I-c-W-¯nepw H-cp {]-[m- ]-¦p h-ln-¡p-¶pv. G-Xm-bm-
epw, sIm-¨n A-h-Im-i-hm-Zw D-¶-bn-¡p-¶ ]e {]-tZ-i-§fpw ]nÂ-¡me-¯v {_n-«o-jv a-e-_m-dnÂ DÄ-s¸-«p Im-Wp-¶p.
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F.Un. 1443þÂ tIm-e-¯p-m-Sn-sâ A-XnÀ-¯n-¸-«-W-am-bn A-ÐpÄ d-km-¡v aw-K-
em-]pc-s¯ A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p-v. tIm-e-¯p-m-«nÂ DÄ-s¸-«n-cp-¶ Ip¼-fw {]-
tZ-iw H-cp Ime¯v hn-P-b-K-c km-{am-Py-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-hp-I-bpw21
F.Un. 1565þse
X-fn-t¡m-« bp-²-s¯-¯p-SÀ-¶p-f-f hn-P-b--K-c-¯n-sâ ]-X--Im-e¯v Xn-cn-sI tIm-
e-¯p-mSn-tm-Sp tN-cm-m-ImsX G-sd-¡p-sd kz-X-{´-am-hp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xncp¶p.-
N{µ-Kn-cn-¸p-g-bv-¡v h-S¡v (ImkÀ-tKm-Uv Xm-eq-¡n-sâ `q-cn-`m-Khpw C-XnÂ DÄ-s¸-
Sp¶p) Ip-¼-f-hpw, sX-¡v o-te-iz-c-hpw (tlm-kv-ZpÀ-Kv Xm-eq-¡nÂ-s¸-Sp-¶ {]-tZ-
i§Ä) F-¶n§s c-p cm-P-Øm--§-Ä C-tXm-sS cq-]-s¸«p. sX-¡³ Im--d-
bn-se _-Zv-q-cnÂ n-¶p-f-f C-t¡-cn m-bn-¡-·mÀ 17þmw q-äm-tm-sS Ip-¼-f-
s¯-bpw tkm-a-ti-J-c-m-bn¡-sâ Im-e-¯v 1737þÂ o-te-iz-c-t¯bpw Io-g-S-¡p-
¶-tXmsS Cu c-p m-Sp-Ifpw Im--d-bp-sS `m-K-am-hp-I-bm-bn-cp¶p.
`q-n-Ip-Xn-bp-sSbpw h-Ip-¸n-sâbpw D-Û-hhpw hn-Im-khpw
11. `q-n-Ip-XnþDÛhwþ (1) D¯tc-ý-sbbpw Z-£n-tW-ý-bp-sS a-äp `m-K§-
sfbpw A-t]-£n¨v `q-hp-S-a-Ø-X, A-h-Im-i-{Iaw, Pm-Xn-k-{¼-Zm-bw Xp-S-§n-b-h-
bnÂ tIc-fw {]-ZÀ-in-¸n-¡p-¶ hy-Xn-cn-à-X n-Ip-Xn-hy-h-Ø-bnepw {]-Xy-£-amWv.
ap-kv-ar-Xn-bn-se ]-cm-aÀ-i-§-fn-epw aucyþKp]v-X Im-e-L-«-§-fn-se tc-J-I-fnepw
`-q-n-Ip-Xn-sb-bpw A-Xp ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f kw-hn-[m--§-sfbpw ]än hy-à-
am-b kq-N--I-fpv. Kp-]v-X-Im-e-¯n-p ti-jw D-¯-tc-ý-bn-se `q-anIÄ
H«pan¡hbpw {_-Ò-tZ-b, tZ-h-Zm-, A-{Klm-c `q-an F-¶o hn`mK§fnembn
thÀ-Xn-cn-bp-I-bpw, C-hÀ b-YmÀ° ssI-h-i-¡mÀ¡pw cm-Pm-hnpw C-S-bn-se `q-n-
Ip-Xn-bp-sS Im-cy-¡m-cmbn amdpIbpw sN¿p¶papv. ap-KÄ `-c-W-Ime-¯v taÂ-¸-
d-ª-h-cp-sS Øm-¯v kp-t_-ZmÀkv, Pm-KnÀ-ZmÀkv, C-mw-ZmÀ-kv F-¶o t]-cp-I-
fm-Wv Im-W-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. A-¡m-e-s¯ `q-n-Ip-Xn, _m¡À, Pn-Kvbm F-¶n§-s a-X-
¯n-sâ A-Sn-Øm--¯nÂ hn-`-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN-bvXncp¶p. `mcX¯nemZyambn
tjÀjm kq-cn-bpsS (F.Un. 1540-45) Im-e-¯m-Wv `q-an kÀ-sÆ S-¯n `q-n-Ip-
Xn n-Ý-bn-¡m-p-f-f {]-{In-b B-cw-`n-¨Xv. A-Iv_À N{IhÀ¯n (F.Un. 1556-
1605) A-Xv Iq-Sp-XÂ B-[p-n-I-h-ÂI-cn-¡pIbpmbn. sXt¡ C-ý-bnÂ tNm-
f-`-c-W-¯n-p Io-gn-ep-m-bn-cp-¶ `q-an-bp-sS n-Ip-XnL-S- kw-_-Ôn-¨ [mcmfw
hn-Z-Kv-[-]T--§fpw22
C¶p e-`y-amWv.
(2) tIc-f-¯n-em-Is«, s]-cp-amÄ-¡m-e¯pw Xp-SÀ¶pw an-¡-hmdpw `q-an-IÄ
{_-Ò-kzhpw tZ-h-kz-hp-ambn m-Sp-hm-gn-IÄ-¡v D-S-a-Ø-X-Xbpw A-[n-Im-c-hp-anÃm-
sX taÂ-t¡m-bv-am-h-Im-i-sa-¶ c-£m-hr-¯n am-{X-ap-f-f km-aq-lnI-{I-a-¯n-p Io-gv-
21. Ip¼-fw cm-Pm-hv hn-P-b--K-c-¯n-sâ Io-gn-em-sW-¶v F.Un. 1515þÂ _À-t_m-k tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p
[Uyp-hmÀ-s« _À-t_mk þ Description of the coast of East Africa and Malabar, Page- 83.]
22. [kpº-cmb-ep þ South India under the Cholas. Oxford University Press, 2012.
Page- 92-115]
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s¸-«-Xn-mÂ `q-n-Ip-Xn-sb-¡p-dn-¨p-f-f hn-Zq-c-Nn´ t]mepw A-Ø-m--¯m-bn-cp¶p.
F.Un. 1677þÂ hm³ do-Upw, F.Un. 1743þÂ hm³ tKm-e-bpw F.Un. 1781þÂ
hm³ tam-bnÂkpw tIcfw kµÀin¨v X¿mdm¡nb m«p-cm-Pm-¡-·m-sc-¸-änbpff
hn-h-c-W-§fnepw `q-n-Ip-Xn-sb¸-än hn-i-Zmwi-§-sfm-¶p-anÃ23
. ap³-Im-e-§-fn-se
`-c-W-Øm-§-sf A-t]-£n-¨v Xm-c-X-tay- Øn-c-Xbpw A-[n-Im-c-hp-ap-f-f m-«p-
cm-Py-§Ä cq-]-s¸-«-Xn-p ti-j-am-Wv n-Ip-Xn-L-S--bpw A-Xp ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn-
p-ff Nn-«-h-«-§fpw cq-]-s¸-«p Im-Wp-¶Xv. B[p-n-I-Imes¯ `c-W-kw-hn-[m--
¯n-p k-am-am-b Hu-tZym-Kn-I-t{i-Wn-bpw Np-a-X-em-hn-`-P--§-fp-ap-ff s]m-Xp-`-c-
W-{I-aw cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn-p A-p-{I-a-am-bm-Wv n-Ip-Xn-]n-cnhpw hy-h-Øm-]n-X-am-
bXv.
12. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iqdnse dhyq skänÂsaâpw24
`qnIpXnbpwþ (1) B[pn-
I Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ cq-]-sa-Sp-¡p-¶-Xnpw ap³]v th-Wm-Sv `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp-¶
c-hn-hÀ-½bp-sS Im-e-¯m-Wv (F.Un. 1683-84) Np-a-X-e-IÄ IrXyambn
nÀ®bn¨pff Hcp Hu-tZym-Kn-I-t{i-Wn -S-¸n-em-bn-¡m-Wp-¶Xv. cm-Pm-hpw cm-P-
[m-n-bnÂ X-s¶-bp-f-f hen-b Im-cy-¡mÀ (a{´n), o-s«-gp-¯p-]nf-f (sk-{I«-dn),
cm-b-kw-]nf-f (sl-Uv ¢À¡v) ]n-s¶ GXmpw cm-b-k-§-Ä (¢À-¡p-amÀ) I-W-¡-
¸n-f-f-amÀ (A-¡u-â v) F¶nhcpa-S-§p-¶ kw-hn-[m--am-bncp-¶p CXv. am-S-¼n-
am-cnÂ n-¶p-f-f hn-ln-Xw cm-Pm-hp t-cn-«p kzo-I-cn¡p-¶ k-{¼-Zm-b¯np am-äw
h-cp¯pIbpw cm-Pm-¡-·m-cp-sS hn-ln-Xw n-Ý-bn-¨v A-Xp ti-J-cn-¨v J-P-m-hn-
te¡v F-¯n-¡p-hm³ {]-Xn-n-[n-sb Np-a-X-e-s¸-Sp-¯pIbpw sNbvXp.]cm-Xn-I-fpÄ-
s¸-sS FÃm-¡m-cy-¯n-epw- cm-Pm-hv t-cn-«p Xo-cp-am--sa-Sp-¡p-¶ co-Xn F.Un. 1728þÂ
cm-a-hÀ-½-bp-sS Im-e-¯m-Wv ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. `-c-W-kw-hn-[m--¯n-sâ {]-
[m-n-bm-bn h-en-b-kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡msc nb-an¡pIbpw A-t±-l-¯n-p Io-gnÂ
o-s«-gp-¯p ]n-f-f-amÀ (sk-{I«-dn), cm-b-kw-]nf-f (sl-Uv-¢À-¡v), cm-b-k-§Ä, I-
W-¡-¸n-f-f-amÀ F-¶n§sbm-¡n ]p-Xp¡pIbpw sNbvXp. hen-b-kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-
cy-¡m-c-p-sS dn-t¸mÀ-«n-sâ A-Sn-Øm--¯nÂ {][m- kw-K-Xn-I-fnÂ cm-Pm-hv Xo-cp-
am--sa-Sp-¯p Xp-S§n. t-c-t¯-bp-f-f L-S--bnÂ n¶pw hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn A-bÂ-
cm-Py-§-fp-am-bpw bq-tdm-¸p-ambpw cm-Py-¯n-p th-n D-S-¼-Sn-bnÂ H-¸n-Sp-hmpw h-
en-b-kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡mÀ-¡v A-[n-Im-c-ap-m-bn-cp¶p. cma-hÀ½-sb Xp-SÀ-¶v A-
23. [Rama Varma Research Institute Bullettin No.IV. Page- 11-19.]
24. ]-¯p hÀ-jw sIm-p ]qÀ-¯n-bm¡nb Cu I-s-gp-¯n-s¸-än C-§n-s ]-d-bp¶p.
“914þam-v cmPyw AS-¦w n-e-¯npw ]p-c-bn-S-¯n-pw I-s-gp-Xn Xn-«w h-cp-¯n tZ-h-Zm-bw, {_-Ò-Zmbw, Zmw, D-Z-I-
]qÀ-Æ-Zmw, Ip-Sn-P·w, ]-m-c-h-I-Hän, ]m«w, C-d-bnen, Ip-gÂ-h-I-C-d-bnen, im-th-äp-hn-cp¯n, Ip-Spw-_-hn-cp¯n, iw-
Jvhn-cp¯n, Xm-t¡mÂ-hn-cp¯n, taÂ-¸mXn, ]-SpI-ew ]-en-i, Ip-Sn-]-en-i, N-´n-c-sN-ehv, t-cp-]-en-i, c£m-t`mKw, A-
©men, hn-c-bn-«p-N-¯-Iq-en, am-¯m³-]-bdv, X-cn-¡S-a, sXmÂ-¸m«w, Ip-¸-Im-gv-N, DÄ-s¸-« h-I-bv-¡v h-I-Xncn-¨v H-gpIpw
t]cpw A-Shpw B-b-s¡-«v F-gp-Xn-¨v B-b-Xn³]-Sn ap-XÂ-¡q«pw Bdp-aThpw {io-]-mc-h-I n-e-¯npw ]p-c-bn-S-
¯npw sÃp-h-I ]-W-h-I-bv¡pw I-W¡pw F-gp-Xn-¡-p......{io-]-Zv-a-m-`-s¸-cp-amÄ-¡p ]q-P A-Sn-b{´w DÄ-s¸-« Nn-
e-hn-p t-c-o-¡w Iq-Sm-sX I- sÃp m-©-m-«p ]-Ww C-c-«-¸-Sn-bnepw A-Xm-Xp amkw 1þp ap-XÂ D-f-f Nn-e-
hnp ap³-am-kw 30þpw a-äp amk-s¯ Nne-hp I-p sIm-Sp-¸m-pw X-n-cp-DÕ-hw `-{Z-Zo-]w Xn-¦Ä DÄ-s¸-« h-Ih-¨p
IW-¡p aÃ³ i-¦c-p s]-cp-amÄ {io]-ß-m-`-s]-cp-amÄ t£-{X-¯nÂ Ic-hp I- I-W¡pw IÂ-¸n¨p-sIm-Sp-¯p
A-dp-¡q-«w ]n-f-f-am-cp-sS ]-än-bn-cp-¶ I-W-¡p-Ifpw GÂ-¸n-¨ ti-jw ...... “
[Travancore Revenue Manual hm-eywþ 5, XncphnXmwIqÀ kÀ¡mÀ, 1916. t]Pvþ 1]
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[n-Im-c-ta-ä A-n-gw Xn-cp-mÄ amÀ-¯m-Þ-hÀ-½-bpsS Im-e-¯m-Wv (F.Un. 1729
-1758) th-Wm-Sv Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dm-bn am-dp-¶Xv. Cu Im-e-¯p Xs¶bm-Wv B-Zy-
s¯ d-hyq sk-änÂ-saâ v (F.Un. 1736-1747) -S-¡p-¶Xpw BZyambn `qnIpXn
CuSm¡n¯pS§p¶Xpw. sImÃ-hÀ-jw 918 (1743)þÂ kÀ-sÆ tPm-en-¡mÀ-¡v
ÂIn-b h-cntbme-bnÂ Xm-sg ]-d-bp-¶ nÀ-t±-i-§Ä Â-In-bn-cp¶p:
(i) I-s-gp-¯v d-Pn-Ì-dnÂ h-kv-Xp-hn-sâ ¼À, hn-kv-XoÀ®w, P-·n-
bp-sS t]cv, ssI-h-i-`q-an-bp-sS kz-`m-hw ap-X-em-b-h tNÀ-¡Ww.
(ii) tZ-h-kzw, {_-Ò-kzw `q-anbpw Im-cm-bv-a, Hän, Xn-cp-n-ew, Ip-Sn-P-
·-¯n-se sI-«p-IS-a (A-h-Im-iw) ap-X-em-b-hbpw ssI-h-i-¡m-cp-sS t]-cp-I-fnepw
tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯Ww. ssI-h-i-¡mÀ hÀ-jw tXmdpw `q-n-Ip-Xn sIm-Sp-t¡--Xm-sW-
¶v Ah-sc A-dn-bn-¡Ww.
(iii) ]-mc-h-I `q-an Ip-Sn-P-·-am-bn h-¨-p-`-hn-¡p-¶psh¦nÂ ap¼pff-
`q-n-Ip-Xn Øn-c-s¸-Sp-¯Ww. `q-n-Ip-Xn Øn-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-v -Sphsc sIm-v
n-Ip-Xn Xn-«-s¸-Sp-¯Ww. `q-an-bp-sS Â-]p-nÂ-¸-p-k-cn-¨v n-Ip-Xn n-Ý-bn-¡Ww.
(iv) ]-d-¼p-IÄ-¡v -Sp-h-cp-sS k-lm-b-t¯m-Sp Iq-Sn nÝnX tXm-X-
p-k-cn-¨v n-Ip-Xn Xn-«-s¸-Sp-¯Ww25
.
(2) A¡me¯p n-e-hn-en-cp-¶ `q-n-Ip-Xn hy-h-Ø-I-fn-se Nn-e c-k-I-c-am-
b h-kv-Xp-X-I-fn-te¡v I-s-gp-¯v dn-¡mÀ-Up-IÄ sh-fn-¨w ho-ip-¶pv. ChbnÂ
NneXv NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p.
(i) n-e-§-fp-sS I-cw n-Ý-bn-¨n-cp¶-Xv H-cp-¸q- hn-f-Ifp-sS ]m-«w I-
W-¡m-¡n-bn-«m-bn-cp¶p. F-¶mÂ C-cp-¸q-`q-an-bv-¡v H-cp-¸q-hn-sâ Cc-«n ]m-«w n-Ý-
bn-¨n-cp¶p.
(ii) ]nÂ-¡me-s¯ `]-Xn-hv’, `]-«’ F-¶n-h-bpsS Øm¯v IÀ-jI-
v Hcp `Ipdn’ Â-In-t¸m¶ncp¶p.
(iii) `I-cn’hnpw `X³ssa’bv-¡pw (tam-iam-b hn-fhv) ]m-«-¯n-sâ
men-sem-¶p h-sc ]m-«-¡pd-hv A-p-h-Zn-¨n-cp¶p.
(iv) am-dm-¸m«w (Øn-cw-]m-«w), tNm-cm-H-än (H-gn-hm-¡m³ I-gn-bm-Xn-
cp-¶ H-än), hn-cp-¯n A-h-Im-i-¯nepw `q-an ssI-h-iw h-¨n-cp¶p.
(v) Zmw `q-an H-än-bm-bn am-än-b-t¸mÄ B `q-an-sb Ip-Sn-P-·-am-bn I-
W-¡m¡n.
(vi) H-än-bp-sS Im-emh-[n Iq-Sn-b-Xv 60 hÀ-j-am-bn-cp¶p. A-Xn-p
ti-jw A-Xv H-gn-¸n¡m³ ]-äm-¯-Xm-bn ]-cn-K-Wn-¨n-cp¶p.
25. [tUm. F.]n. C-{_m-lnw-Ipªv þ amÀ-¯m-Þ-hÀ½þB-[pn-I Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-sâ DZbw, kmwkvImcnI
{]kn²oIcW hIp¸v, tIcf kÀ¡mÀ,2005þ t]-Pv 130]
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(vii) Nntämän, ta-semän, hn-f-shmän, a--sbmän, taÂ-hm-c-Hän XpS§n
At-I X-c-¯n-ep-f-f H-än-IÄ n-e-n-¶n-cp-¶p.
(3) C¯c¯nepff I-s-gp-¯v kÀ-sÆ-bnÂ n-¶pw e-`n-¨ hn-h-c§-sf
A-Sn-Ø-m--s¸-Sp-¯n- nÀ-®-bn-¡-s¸-« n-Ip-Xn-bp-sS ]n-cn-hv -S-¸nÂ h-cp-¯p-¶-
Xnp th-n-bp-f-f `-c-W-{I-a-o-I-c-W-§fpw Xp-SÀ-¶v n-e-hnÂ hcnIbpmbn.
sImÃhÀjw 923 (F.Un. 1748) þse hcn-tbm-e-{]-Im-cw cmPyw a-Þ-]-¯pw-hm-
Xn-epIÄ (C¶s¯ Xm-eq-¡v HmôkpIÄ) Bbpw a-Þ-]-¯pw-hm-Xn-epI-sf
tIÄ-hn-IÄ Bbpw (C¶s¯ hn-tÃ-Pv HmôkpIÄ) hn-`-Pn¨p. tIÄ-hn-I-fpsS
A-[n-Im-cnbmbn {]-hr-¯n-Im-c-sbpw, {]hr-¯n-Imcp Io-gnÂ -IW-¡-¸n-f-f-amÀ,
X-¡mÀ, sXm-d-¡mÀ, tIÄ-hn-¡mÀ F¶n-h-scbpw n-tbm-Kn¨p. a-Þ-]-¯pw-
hm-XnÂ-¡en-sâ Np-aX-ebpff Im-cy-¡mÀ¡v (X-l-knÂ-ZmÀ) `q-n-IpXn Cu-Sm-
¡Â Iq-Sm-sX a-Pn-Ìo-cnbÂ, Pp-Uo-jyÂ, an-en«-dn F-¶n-§-s-bp-f-f Np-a-X-eIÄ
-Iq-Sn nÀ-Æ-ln-¡-W-am-bn-cp¶p. sIm-¨n-bnÂ n¶pw I-c-¸p-dw bp-²w (F.Un. 1749)
h-gn Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iqdn-tm-Sp tNÀ-¡-s¸-« `m-K§-sf tNÀ-¯-e a-Þ-]-¯pw-hm-Xn-
en-p Io-gnÂ {]-hr-¯n-I-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-¨-XpÄ-s¸-sS, A-¶phsc Iq-«n-t¨À-¡-s¸-«
FÃm {]-tZ-i-§-fp-tSbpw kÀ-sÆ -S-]-Sn-IÄ sImÃhÀjw 926þÂ (F.Un. 1750-
51) B-cw-`n-¨v aq-¶p hÀ-jw sIm-p ]qÀ-¯n-bm¡pIbpmbn. C{]-Im-cw Xm-eq-
¡p-Ifpw {]-hr-¯n-Ifpw cq-]o-I-cn-¨v n-Ip-Xn-]ncn-hp kw-hn-[m--¯n-v A-Sn-Øm--
]-cam-b LS cq-]-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn-s26
Zn-hmm-bncp¶ {io. Sn. am-[-h-dm-hp ]nÂ-
¡me-¯v d-hyq h-Ip-¸n-sâ B-hn-jv-I-cW-sa-¶ n-e-bnÂ {i-t²-bam-b -S-]-Sn-
bm-bn hn-e-bn-cp-¯n-bn-«pv.
(4) ImÀ¯n-I Xn-cp-mÄ cm-a-hÀ-½ (F.Un. 1758-1798) bp-sS Im-e-¯m-
Wv apXÂ-]n-Sn-sb-¶pw, ]nÂ-¡me-¯v P-am-_-ń-sb¶pw hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨n-cp-¶, C¶-
s¯ d-hyp h-Ip-¸n-sâ B-Zy-cq-]-¯n-p Im-c-Wam-b ]p-x-kwL-S- -S-¡p-¶Xv.27
cmPys¯ h-S-t¡-apJw, ]-Sn-ªm-td-apJw, sX-t¡-ap-Jw F-¶n§-s t]-cn-«p hn-
fn¡p-¶ aq-¶p ap-J-§Ä AY-hm Un-hn-jpIfmbn (dhyq UnhnjpIÄ) hn-
26. [Travancore Revenue Manual, hm-eyw 4 ]pdw 117, hm-eyw 5 ]pdw 3]
27. Cu kw-hn-[m--s¯¸-än ]nÂ-¡m-e-¯v F.Un. 1811 ap-XÂ 1814 h-sc Zn-hm-m-bn-cp-¶ tI-WÂ a¬tdm hn-h-cn-¡p-
¶pv. Cu hn-h-c-W-a-p-k-cn¨v ImÀ¯n-I Xn-cp-mÄ cm-a-hÀ-½ (F.Un. 1758þ1798) bp-sS Im-e-¯v Zn-hm-sâ Io-gnÂ
c-p Un-hn-j-p-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p D-m-bn-cp-¶Xv. h-S-t¡-apJw, sX-t¡-ap-Jw F-¶p hn-fn-¨n-cp-¶ Un-hn-j-p-IÄ hen-b
kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡m-cp-sS Io-gn-em-bn-cp¶p. Hmtcm hen-b kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡m-cp-sSbpw Io-gnÂ m-ep kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-
¡mÀ ho-X-hpw AhÀ Hm-tcm-cp-¯-cp-sSbpw Io-gnÂ m-ep Im-cy-¡mÀ ho-X-hpw A-hÀ-¡p Io-gnÂ {]-hr-¯n-ImÀ, N-{µ-
¡mÀ, sXm-d-¡mÀ F-¶n-§-s-bpambn-cp-¶p LS-. ]n-¶o-Sv C-Xv aq-¶p Un-hn-j-p-Ifpw A-Xn-p Io-gnÂ aq-¶v A-sÃ-
¦nÂ m-ev k-t_mÀ-Un-t-äv ap-J-§fpw A-Xn-p Io-gnÂ a-Þ-]-¯pw-hm-Xp-¡-epw F-¶mbn. Hmtcm a-Þ-]-¯pw-hm-
Xp-¡-epw 7 ap-XÂ 10 h-sc {]-hr-¯n-I-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-¡-s¸-«p. {]-hr-¯n-IÄ hopw tZ-iw A-sÃ-¦nÂ ap-dn B-bn {I-ao-
I-cn¨p. Cu kw-hn-[m--¯nÂ hen-b kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡mÀ, Im-cy-¡mÀ, {]-hr-¯n-ImÀ, aqe¡mÀ F-¶n-§-s-bm-bn-cp-
¶p A-[n-Im-c-t{iWn. sN-t¦m-« a-Þ-]-¯pw-hm-Xp-¡-en-v a-Wn-bw F-¶pw, Im-cy-¡m-sc a-Wn-¡m-c³ F¶pw hn-ti-
jn-¸n-¨n-cp¶p. a¬tdm-bp-sS `-c-W-]-cn-jv-Im-c-§Ä hsc Cu co-Xn Xp-SÀ¶p. sXt¡-ap-Jw Zn-hm³ t]-jv-Im-cm-bn-cp-¶
Sn. am-[-h-dm-hp Zn-hm-m-bn-cp-¶ Im-e¯v (F.Un. 1857þ1872) c-p d-hyp Un-hn-j-p-IÄ (sImÃw, tIm«bw) IqSn cq-
]o-I-cn-¡p-I-bp-mbn.
[Kerala Society Papers, hm-eyw 2, Kerala Gazetteers, 1997 t]-Pv 47]
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`-Pn¨p.GXmpw a-Þ-]-¯pw-hm-Xn-ep-IÄ DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-¶ Hmtcm ap-J-¯n-sâbpw
d-h-yp, sIm-ta-gv-kyÂ, Pp-Uo-jyÂ NpaXeIÄ hen-bkÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡mÀ-¡p
ÂIn. ChÀ-¡p Io-gnÂ kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡m-cpw, A-hÀ-¡p Io-gnÂ Im-cy-¡m-cpw,
{]-hr-¯n-¡m-cpw, N-{´-¡mc·mcpw a-äp-f-f-hcpw n-e-hnÂ h¶p. Cu h-Ip-¸n-sâ X-
e-h-m-bn Zf-hm AY-hm Zn-hm-s n-b-an-¡p-¶Xpw C-¡m-e-¯mWv. (am-th-en-¡-c-
bn-em-bn-cp¶ Z-f-h-bp-sS B-ZyIm-e Hm-^o-kv ]n¶o-Sv sImÃ-t¯¡pw 1831þÂ Xn-
cp-h--´-]p-c-t¯-¡pw amäpIbpmbn)
(5) Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se XpSÀ¶pff sk-änÂ-saâ v -S-¡p¶-Xv F.Un.
1802þÂ Ahn-«w Xn-cp-mÄ _m-e-cm-a-hÀ-½ (F.Un. 1798 - 1810)bpsS Io-gnÂ
th-ep¯-¼n, Zf-h B-bn-cn-¡p-t¼m-gmWv. F.Un. 1773þÂ Ir-jn-`q-an-bnÂ -S¯n-
b tI-s«-gp-¯v kÀ-sÆ-bp-sS sX-äp-Ip-ä-§Ä ]-cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-m-Wv 30 hÀ-j-¯n-
p ti-jw A-tX `q-an-IfnÂ¯-s¶ I-s-gp-¯v kÀ-sÆ -S-¯n-bXv. cm-Py-¯pÅ-
Ø-e-§-fp-sSbpw tXm-¸p-I-fp-sSbpw Ir-Xyam-b hn-kv-XoÀ-®w n-P-s¸-Sp¯n `q-hp-
S-a-IÄ-¡v ]p-Xn-b ]-«-b-§Ä Â-In. ]p-Xn-b- n-Ip-Xn-]n-cn-hp I-W-¡p-IÄ X-¿m-dm-
¡p-¶Xnpw I-W-¡p-IÄ kq-£n-¡p-¶-Xnpw ssI-Imcyw sN-¿p-¶-Xnpw
kphyàamb Nn-«h«§Ä Bhn-jv-I-cn-¨v -S-¸m-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. CtX XpSÀ¶v
`q-n-Ip-Xn-bn--¯nÂ km-cam-b hÀ-²-hv DmIpIbpw sNbvXp.
(6) m«p-Imcm-b cm-Pm-¡-·m-cp-w Z-f-h-amcpw -S-¸n-em-¡n-h¶ncp-¶ `cW]-
cn-jv-I-c-W§-sf B-[p-o-I-c-W-¯n-sâ X-e-¯n-te-¡v F-¯n¨-Xv {_n-«o-jv d-knUâ v
]-Z-hn-bnÂ n¶pw dm-Wn Bbneyw Xn-cp-mÄ Ku-cn e-£v-an `m-bn F.Un. 1811þÂ
Zn-hm³ ]-Z-hn-bnÂ A-h-tcm-[n-¨ tI-WÂ a¬-tdm (F.Un. 1811-1814)-bmWv. Imcy-
¡mÀ-¡p-m-bn-cp¶ o-Xn-ym-bm-[n-Im-c-§Ä thÀ-s]-Sp-¯n A-¸oÂ tIm-S-Xn-Ifpw
PnÃm tIm-S-Xn-Ifpw Øm-]n-¨v ym-bm-[n-]-·mÀ-¡p Â-InbXpw henbkÀ-Æm-[n-
Im-cy-¡m-cp-sSbpw k-À-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡m-cp-sSbpw Hm-^o-kp-IÄ nÀ-¯Â sN-bvXv Im-
cy-¡m-sc X-l-knÂ-ZmÀ F-¶p t]-cp-am-än X-sâ Io-gn-ep-f-f c-p Zn-hm³ t]-jv-ImÀ-
am-cp-sS (C¶s¯ PnÃm I-f-ÎÀ¡p k-amw) n-b-{´-W-¯n-em¡nbXpw XlknÂ-
Zm-cp-sS Io-gnÂ I-W-¡p-IÄ ssI-Imcyw sN-¿p-¶-Xn-v k-{¼-Xn-¸nf-f (Xm-eq-¡v I-
t¨-cn am-tPÀþ C¶s¯ slUv IzmÀt«gvkv sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ) F-s¶m-cp-
DtZym-K-Ø-s n-b-an¨Xpsams¡ tIWÂ a¬tdmbpsS ]cnjvIcW
S]SnIfpsS `mKambmbncp¶p. h¼n-¨ `-q-kz-¯pw, X-·q-ew hym-]-Iam-b A-[n-
Im-chpw kzm-[o--hp-ap-m-bn-cp-¶ tZ-h-kz§-sf kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ A-[o--X-bnÂ sIm-
p-h-cm-pw A-h-bnÂ n-¶p-f-f B-Zm-bw kÀ-¡mÀ J-P-m-hn-te-¡v F-¯n¡m-p-
ap-f-f th-ep¯-¼n Z-f-h-bp-sS {i-a-§Ä n-b-aam¡n --S-¸m-¡n-bXpw tI-WÂ a¬-
tdm-bp-sS Im-e-¯mWv. Cu c-p ]-cn-jv-Im-c-§-fpw cm-Py-`-Þm-c-¯n-te-bv-¡p-f-f
hcpams¯ Imcy-ambn ]cn-t]m-jn-¸n¡pIbpmbn.
(7) F.Un. 1802 apXÂ -S-¶ kÀ-sÆ-I-fnepw sk-änÂ-saâp-I-fnepw kÀsÆ-
IÄ S-¯n `q-an-, A-Xn-sâ hnn-tbmKw,ssI-h-i-¡m-c³ Xp-S-§n-b -hn-i-Zmw-i-§-
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XXX
fpw, A-Xph-gn n-Ip-Xnbpw Xn-«-s¸-Sp-¯n H-gpIv, hn-f-§n-t¸À, ]-Xn-hn³-]Sn, B-b-
s¡«v, X--t¸-cv F-¶n-§-s-bp-f-f `q-an kw-_-Ô-am-b- dn-¡m-ÀUp-IÄ X¿m-dm-
¡nbtijhpw X-§Ä F-{X Xp-I-bm-Wv n-Ip-Xn-bm-bn A-S-bv-t¡--sX-t¶m A-
Xp I-W-¡m-¡n-b-Xn-sâ A-Sn-Øm--sa-s´-t¶m ssI-h-i-¡mc-v A-dn-hp-m-bn-cp-
¶nÃ. kÀ-¡m-cn-te¡v h-tc-p-¶ B-Zm-bw Xn-«-s¸-Sp-¯n A-Xp ]n-cn-s¨-Sp¡p-I
F-¶-XnÂ-¡-hnªv Cu-h-I hn-i-Zmw-i-§Ä ssI-h-i-¡mÀ-¡p Â-Ip-I-sb¶-Xv
kÀ-sÆ -S-]-Sn-IfpsS D-t±-iy-hp-am-bn-cp-¶nÃ. Cu A-h-Ø-bv-¡v am-äw h-cp-¯n-
s¡m-v tI-WÂ a¬tdm -S-¸nÂ h-cp¯n-b kp-{]-[m-am-b ]-cn-jv-I-c-W-am-Wv
ssI-h-i-`q-an-bp-sS hn-i-Zmw-i-§-fpw, A-XnÂ ]-Xn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶ n-Ip-Xnbpw IpSn-
bm-bv-a-bp-sS {]-Ir-Xhpw n-jv-IÀ-jn¨p-sIm-v ]«-bw28
Â-Ip-I-sb-¶Xv. B-Zy-
s¯ I-s-gp-¯n-sâ k-ab¯v Hcp “Ipdn” Â-In-bn-cp-¶p F-¶-sXm-gn-¨mÂ, Cu
Zn-i-bn-ep-Å {]-hÀ-¯-§-sfm¶pw A-Xph-sc -S-¶n-cp-¶nÃ. C-tXm-sSm¸w, `q-an-
bnÂ n-¶p-Å B-Zm-b-¯n-sâ H-cp hn-ln-X-am-Wv cm-Pm-hn-p-f-f Aw-i-sa-¶ ho-
£Ww amdn, `q-an-bp-sS taÂ]-Xn-ªn-«p-f-f cm-Pmw-i-am-Wv `qn-Ip-Xn F-¶ Im-gv-N-
¸m-Sv {]-Xn-jvTn-X-am-Ip-¶Xpw C-¡m-e-¯mWv.
(8) `-c-W-¯n-sâ Im-cy£-a-X hÀ-²n-¸n-¡p-I F¶ Dt±iyt¯msS lPqÀ
I-t¨-cn-sb-¶ Zn-hmsâ Hm-ô-knÂ tI-{µo-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶ A-[n-Im-c§-sf h-Ip-¸p-I-fm-
¡n thÀ-Xn-cn¨p hntI{µoIrX `cWhyhØbv¡p XpS¡w Ipdn¨Xpw a¬-tdm-bp-
sS a-säm-cp {]-[m- ]cnjvIcW -S-]Snbmbncp¶p. A-¡m-ew h-sc FÃm `-c-W-
-S-]-Sn-I-fpw Zn-hm-sâ t-cn-«p-f-f taÂ-tm-«-¯n-p Io-gn-em-bn-cp¶p. C-Xn-p hy-
Xym-kw h-cp-¯ns¡mv P-am_-ń I-½n-än- Â-In-b amÀ-K-tc-J-IÄ-¡v A-p-kr-X-
am-bn d-h-yp (CXnÂ FIv-sskkv, ^n-j-dokv, A-{Kn-¡Ä¨À F¶n-h DÄ-s¸-«n-
cp¶p), J-P-mhv, [--Im-cyw F-¶nh-sb H-ä h-Ip-¸m¡n (C-Xn-s P-am_-ń h-Ip-
¸v F-¶v ]nÂ-¡me-¯v hn-fn-¨p Im-Wp¶p29
) hen-b ta-se-gp-¯v ]n-f-f AY-hm A-
¡u--â v P-dÂ, ta-se-gp-¯p ]n-f-f AYhm sU-]yq-«n A-¡u-â v P--dÂ F-
¶n-h-cp-sS taÂ-tm-«-¯n-em¡n.
(9) F.Un. 1837þÂ XncphnXmwIqdnÂ H-cp KmÀU³ A-k-Êv-saâpw (]-d-
¼p I-s-gp¯v) -S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. Cu I-s-gp-¯nÂ nÀ-®-bn-¨ n-Ip-Xn-sbbpw
aäpw ]p-Xp-¡n n-Ý-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-pw I-s-gp-¯v co-Xn aq-e-ap-f-f A-]m-I§-sf ]-cn-
l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-p-ambn F.Un. 1876 -h-¼-dnÂ H-cp kq-{]-pw c-v Cw-¥o-jv ¢À-
¡p-am-cpw aq-¶p {Um-^v-äv-kv-am³-am-cpw mÂ-¸-¯n-tb-gp Kp-a-kv-X-·m-cpw 13 in-]m-bn-
am-cp-am-bn Xm-ÂImen-I G-P³-kn-sb-¶ n-e-bnÂ d-hyq kÀ-sÆ sk-änÂ-saâ v
Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v n-e-hnÂ h-¶p. im-kv-{Xo-bam-b d-hyp sk-änÂ-saâ v -S-¯-W-sa-
¶ 1877þse A-Uv-an-n-kv-t{S-j³ dn-t¸mÀ-«ns Xp-SÀ¶v F.Un. 1883þsâ ]-IpXn-
tbms-S S¶ ]p--kw-L-S--bnÂ FIv-sskkv, Irjn, ^n-j-do-kv F¶n-h tNÀ-
28. [Travancore Revenue Manual hm-eyw 5 ]pdw 209, Kerala Society Papers, hm-eyw 2, t]-Pv 51]
29. [Nagam Aiya V. Travancore State Manual, Vol.3, Travancore Govt Press, 1906. Page 379-380]
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¶ d-h-yq hn-`m-K-¯nte-¡v Cu Xm-ÂImen-I Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâns Iq-«n-t¨À¡p-I
hgn d-hyq sk-änÂ-saâ v Un-¸mÀ-«p-saâ v cq-]oIcn-¡-s¸SpIbmbncp¶p.
(10) AUv-an-n-kv-t{S-j³ dn-t¸mÀ-«nÂ ip-]mÀ-i sN-¿-s¸« sk-änÂ-saâ v -
S-]-Sn-IÄ ssh-Ip-¶-Xn-mÂ n-Ip-Xn-]-n-cn-hv Ip-ä-a-ä-Xm-¡p-¶-Xn-m-bn 1879þÂ Xm-
ÂImen-Iambn H-cp t]m-¡p-hc-hv Un-¸mÀ-«p-sa-â v cq-]o-I-cn-¡p-I-bpw h-kv-Xp-¡Ä
t]m-¡p-hc-hv sN-¿p-¶ ap-d-bv-¡v t]m-¡p-hc-hv ]-«-b-§Ä Â-I-pIbpw sN-bvXp.
F.Un. 1880þÂ Cu Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v nÀ-¯-em¡n Zn-hm³ t]-jv-Im-cp-sS taÂ-tm-
«¯nÂ t]m-¡p-h-c-hn-sâ Npa-X-e {]-hr-¯n-ImÀ¡pw X-l-knÂ-ZmÀ¡pw Â-I-n.30
imkv{Xobamb dhyq skänÂsaâ v S]SnIÄ {]Jym]n¨psImv sImÃhÀjw
1061 (F.Un 1886) emWv skänÂsaâ v hnfw_cw {]kn²oIcn¨Xv. tIs«gp¯v,
[sImÃhÀjw 948 (F.Un.1772)], Isgp¯v [sImÃhÀjw 978 (F.Un.1802)],
sImÃhÀjw 993 (F.Un. 1818), 1012 (F.Un.1837) sebpw ]pcbnS§Ä¡p
am{XapÅ skänÂsaâ v S]SnIÄ F¶nhbnse yqXIÄ ]cnlcn¡p¶Xnpw
imkv{Xobamb kÀsÆ S¯n nIpXn IrXyambn nÀ®bn¡p¶Xnpambncp¶p
{ioaqew XncpmÄ almcmPmhv sImÃw 1061 Ipw`w 14 v (F.Un. 1886
s^{_phcn 24) skänÂsaâ v hnfw_cw ]pds¸Sphn¨Xv. 1911-Â skänÂsaâ v
S]SnIÄ ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbtXmsS Hmtcm IpSnbmsâbpw hkvXp¡Ä¡v B
hkvXp¡fpsS hnhchpw Ic¯nsâ kwJybpw kÀ¡mcnÂ HSp¡phmpÅ XhW
DÄs¸sSbpff an¡ hnhc§fpw ImWn¨v skänÂsaâ v ]«bhpw
ÂIpIbpmbn31
. Cu skänÂsaâ v {]ImcapÅ Icw 30 hÀjt¯¡v
Øncambncnt¡XmsW¶pw t`ZKXn sNt¿XnsÃ¶pw hnfw_c¯nÂ
hyhØ sNbvXncp¶p. skänÂsaâ v hnfw_c{]ImcapÅ S]SnIfpsS
{it²bamb khntijXIÄ Xmsg ]dbp¶p.
(i) kÀsÆ sNbvX {]Imcw `qhnkvXrXn G¡dpw skâpw Bbn
Afhp S¯n IW¡nÂ ]Xn¨p. ne§sf kw_Ôn¨v ]d, CS§gn
F¶n§sbmbncp¶p tcJs¸Sp¯epIÄ.
(ii) hr£§fpff ]pcbnS§sf AXpIfpsS InS¸pw a¬]mSnsâ
Â¸pnÂ¸pw DÂ]¯nbpsS tbmKyX t]msebpw ap³Xcw h¨p GÀ¸mSp
sNbvXncp¶ ]m« icmicn¡pkrXambpw kwØmsam«p¡pw Xcw Xncn¨p.
(iii) hr£w nÂ¸nÃm¯ ]pcbnS§sf AXnsâ InS¸pw
a¬]mSnsâ ØnXnbpw tm¡n Xcw Xncn¨p.
(iv) ne§sf `qanbpsS InS¸pw a¬]mSnsâ KpWmKpWhpw
DÂ]¯nbpsS ØnXnbpw It¼mf§Ä¡pÅ Zqckmao]yhpw AXpt]msebpÅ
aäp ImcW§fpw ]cntim[n¨p Xcw Xncn¨p.
30. []ßm-` A-¿À þ sk-änÂ-saâ v ss^-Â dn-t¸mÀ«v, 1911. t]-Pv 20þ32]
31. [sXc-sª-Sp-¯ cm-PIo-b hn-fw-_-c§Ä, kwØm ]pcmtcJm hIp¸v, 2005. t]-Pv 393þ95]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XXXII
(11) IqSmsX tZhkzw, {_Òkzw, {io]mchI, amS¼nhI
hkvXp¡Ä¡pÅ cmPt`mK¯npÅ hyhØIfpw Hän, Cdbnen, ASna,
Apt`mKw apXemb Cmw hkvXp¡Ä¡pÅ IchyhØbpw ]pdhI,
Ip¯I¸m«w F¶n§sbpÅ hkvXp¡Ä¡pÅ XoÀ¸pIfpw Cu
hnfw_c¯nsâ {]tXyIXIfmbncp¶p. F.Un. 1910 Â ]qÀ¯nbmb
skänÂsaâ v S]SnIfpsS Ahkm dnt¸mÀ«v ]pd¯nd§nbXv F.Un. 1911
emWv. Hmtcm ssIhi¡mcsâbpw ssIhihnkvXoÀ®w , Cw, Icw, F¶nh
DÄs¸Sp¯nb NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ tcJIfpw skänÂsaâ v Un¸mÀ«psaâ v
X¿mdm¡pIbpmbn.
(i) ]«b¸IÀ¸v
(ii) Xt¸À AYhm Rent Roll
(iii) Ap`hhnhcw enÌv AYhm Hmtcm ^oÂUnsebpw
ssIhi¡mcpsS t]cphnhcw ImWn¡p¶ enÌv
(iv) k_v Unhnj³ kvsI¨pIÄ
(v) ]pdt¼m¡v enÌv
(vi) Xcniv enÌv AYhm list of unregistered waste lands
(vii) XXv Nnä `qanIÄ, XSnhnetbm Xdhnetbm ASbv¡m¯
XnmÂ ]Xnhp S¯m¯Xpw F¶mÂ At]£bpkcnt¨m ssIhimp`hw
]cnKWnt¨m nIpXn nÀ®bn¨Xpamb Xcnip `qanIÄ, sIm«mc§Ä, kÀ¡mÀ
Hm^okpIÄ XpS§nbh nÂ¡p¶XnmÂ kÀ¡mcnsâ ssIhimp`h
¯nencn¡p¶Xpw F¶mÂ ]«bw AphZnt¡XnÃm ¯Xpamb hkvXp¡Ä
F¶nhbpsS enÌv
(viii) Icsamgnhp Nnä AYhm list of tax-free land
(ix) skänÂsaâ v cPnÌÀ
(12) sk-änÂ-saâ v Ime-¯v m-ep Un-hnj-pIÄ¡p Io-gnembn 32 Xm-eq-
¡p-I-fpw 422 ]-Ip-XnIÄ AY-hm hn-tÃ-Pp-Ifpw n-e-hn-ep-m-bn-cp¶Xv Nn-e am-
ä-§Ä aq-ew ]n¶oSv aq-¶p dhyq Un-hn-j-p-I-fpw 30 Xm-eq-¡p-I-fpw 484 ]-Ip-Xn-
I-fp-am-bn ]-cn-W-an¨p. 1886 s^{_phcn 24 se skänÂsaâ v hnfw_c¯nsâ
kvacWmÀ°amWv kwØm kÀ¡mÀ s^{_phcn 24 dhyq Znambn BNcn¨p
hcp¶Xv. ap¸Xp hÀjt¯¡v Ic¯nÂ t`ZKXnsbm¶pw ]mSnÃ F¶Xmbncp¶p
1886þse skänÂsaâ v hnfw_c¯nse 31þmw hIp¸nse hyhØ. XpSÀ¶v
sImÃhÀjw 1121 anYpw 25v (9.7.1946) XncphnXmwIqdnÂ ASnØm
`qnIpXn hnfw_cw ]pds¸Sphn¡pIbpmbn. {]kvXpX hnfw_c¯nse 4-mw
hIp¸p {]Imcw ASnØm nIpXn F¶ nebnÂ FÃm¯cw `qanIÄ¡pw
Hcp nÝnX annaw nIpXn nÀ®bn¡s¸«p.
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13. em³-Uv dh-yq h-Ip¸v- XncphnXmwIqdnÂþ {Sj-dn, FIv-sskkv, Irjn,
^n-j-do-kv, d-h-yq F¶n-h tNÀ-¶ kw-tbm-Pn-X- hIp-¸nÂn¶pw F.Un. 1905þÂ
FIv-ssk-kv32
, {Sj-dn33
hn-`m-K-§fpw F.Un. 1908þÂ Irjn, ^n-j-do-kv hn-`m-K-
§fpw kz-X-{´-hn-`m-K-§-sf-¶ n-e-bv-¡v {]-hÀ-¯n-¡p-hm³ B-cw-`n¨p. sImÃhÀjw
1097 Nn§w 1þp (F.Un. 1921 B-K-Ìv 12) kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ BÀ.Hm.kn. 1832/21
-¼À D-¯-c-hn-eqsS d-hyq h-Ip-¸n-sâ X-e-h-m-bn- em³-Uv d-hyq I-½o-j-WÀ
n-banXmbn. F.Un. 1923þÂ tZ-hkzw h-Ip-¸v cq-]o-I-cWt¯msS t£-{X-`q-an-I-
fp-sS `-c-W-¨p-a-X-e-IÄ H-gn-ªtXmsS-bm-Wv kz-X-{ám-b em³-Uv d-hyq `cW-
kw-hn-[mw cq-]-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. em³-Uv d-hyq I-½o-jWÀ, Un-hn-j³ t]-jv-ImÀ, A-
kn-Ìâ v t]-jv-ImÀ, X-l-knÂ-ZmÀ, {]-hr-¯n-ImÀ F-¶ {I-a-¯nÂ Hu-tZym-Kn-I-
t{i-Wn C-tXm-sS cq-]-s¸-«psh-¦n-epw X-l-knÂ-Zm-cp-sS n-b-{´-Wm-[n-Im-cn Un-
hn-j³ t]-jv-Im-cm-bn- XpSÀ¶p t]m-¶p. Iq-Sp-XÂ `q-an Irjn-tbm-Ky-am-¡n- n-Ip-Xn-
]n-cn-hv h-À-²n-¸n-¡pI, n-Ip-Xn-]n-cn-hpw A-Xpam-bn _-Ô-s¸-« hnhn-[ -S-]-Sn-{I-a-
§fpw kw-_-Ôn-¨v Un-hn-j-p-Isf X½nÂ G-tIm-]n-¸n-¡pI, kÀ-sÆ -S-¯p-I-
bpw `q-tc-J-IÄ X-¿m-dm-¡n kq-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p-I, n-b-a-§fpw N-«-§fpw X-
¿m-dm-¡p-I-bpw am-p-h-ep-IÄ m-f-Xo-Icn¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-I Xp-S-§n-b-h-bm-bn-cp-
¶p em³-Uv d-hyq I-½o-j-W-dp-sS {]-[m- Np-a-X-e-IÄ. A©Â, ]p-cm-h-kvXp, h-
w kw-_-Ô-amb-h, A-hIm-i kÀ-«n-^n-¡äv, k-l-I-c-W-Øm-]-§Ä, hn-tÃ-Pv-]-
©m-b¯v, P-e-K-Xm-KXw, FIv-sskkv, n-[n, cmPIo-b kÀ-¡o-«p-IÄ XpS-§n ap-
¸-¯nb-©p hnjb§-fnÂ em³-Uv d-hyq I-½o-j-WÀ h-gn-bÃmsX, kÀ-¡m-cn-
te-¡v t-cn-«m-bn-cp-¶p34
Un-hn-j³ t]-jv-ImÀ hn-h-c-§-f-dn-bn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. a-äp hn-j-
b-§-fnÂ I-½o-j-WÀ h-gn-bpw.
14. sIm¨nbnÂ dhyq hIp¸nsâ {]hÀ¯mcw`wþ (1) {]-[m--s¸-« kz-cq-
]-§-fp-sS Iq-«-¯n-te-¡v 16þmw q-äm-n-p ti-jw s]-cp-¼S-¸v cq]mćw
{]m]n¨psh¦n-epw 18þmw q-äm-np ap³-]v Hcp kpØm]nXamb `-c-WIq-S
hyhØnXn cq-]-s¸«psh¶p ]-d-bm-m-InÃ. t]mÀ-¨p-Ko-kp-ImÀ sIm-¨n hn«p-t]m-
b 17þmw q-äm-n-sâ ]-Ip-Xn-bnÂ sIm-¨n cm-Py-¯n-I-s¯ a-äp kz-cq-]-m[n-Im-cn-
I-fp-sS Io-gn-ep-f-f Ø-e§Ä, t£-{X-k-t¦-X§Ä, a-äp {]-`p-¡-·mÀ ap-X-em-b-h-cp-
32. lPqÀ I-t¨-cn-bnÂ¯-s¶ sImÃhÀjw 1080þ(F.Un. 1905)þÂ ]nd-h-I F-¶ hn-`m-K-am-bm-Wv FIv-ssk-kv h-Ip-¸v
B-cw-`-Ime-¯v {]-hÀ-¯n-¨n-cp-¶Xv. D-¸v, A-_v-Im-cn, I-Ìw-kv C--§-fn-ep-f-f `-c-W-]-c-hpw n-Ip-Xn-]n-cn-hpam-bpw _-
Ô-s¸-« FÃm {]-hÀ-¯--§Ä-¡p-ap-f-f kÀ-¡mÀ G-P³-kn-bm-bn-cp-¶p CXv.
33. Znhm-p Io-gnÂ lPqÀ I-t¨-cn B-Øm--am-bn lp-kqÀ JPm- F-¶ t]-cn-em-Wv {S-j-dn hn-`m-Kw {]-hÀ-¯--am-cw-
`n-¨Xv. Unhn-j-p-I-fnÂ Hcp A-¡u-vkv Hm-ô-k-dp-sS Io-gnÂ Un-hn-j-WÂ {S-j-dn-I-fpw, A-h-bv-¡p Hmtcm Xm-eq-
¡p-I-fnÂ X-l-knÂ-Zm-cp-sS Io-gnÂ k-_vþ{S-j-dn-I-fp-sa-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p [--Im-cy hn-`m-K-¯n-sâ `-c-W-kw-hn-[mw. ]-
W-an-S-]m-Sp-IÄ-¡p ]p-d-ta, sk³-{SÂ Ìm-¼v Un-t¸m-bp-sS Io-gnÂ kv-äm-¼p-I-fpsS (C-XnÂ s]m-Xp-, A©Â, tImÀ-
«v ô Ìm-¼p-IÄ DÄ-s¸-Sp¶p) ssI-Imcyw Iq-Sn {S-j-dn-IÄ sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶p. C-{]-Im-c-ap-f-f {Sj-dn kw-hn-[m--¯n-sâ
taÂ-tm-«w AX-Xv Un-hn-j³ t]-jv-ImÀ nÀ-Æ-ln-¨p t]m¶p. Cu kw-hn-[m--s¯-bm-Wv 1905þÂ ]-cn-jv-I-cn¨v, A-
¡u-v-kv & Hm-Unäv Hm-ô-k-dp-sS Io-gnÂ ta-PÀ {S-j-dn-I-fpw, Xm-eq-¡v k-_v {S-j-dn-Ifpw DÄ-s¸-Sp-¶ kzX-{´ hn-`m-
K-am-¡n-bXv. H-cp h-Ip-¸m-bn 1963þÂ kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶-Xp h-sc {Sj-dn d-hyq h-Ip-¸n-tm-Sv A-p-_-Ôam-b kzX-
{´ hn-`m-K-am-bn Xp-SÀ¶p.
34. [T K Velu Pillai - Travancore State Manual, Vol. 4, Govt of Travancore, 1940. Page 27-28]
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sS A-[o--{]-tZ-i-§Ä F¶n-h H-gn-¨p-f-f `m-K-§-fnÂ sIm-¨n cm-Pm-hv Im-cy-¡m-c-
·mÀ ap-Jm´-cw t-cn-«p `-cWw S¯n h-¶n-cp-¶p. U-¨p-Im-cp-am-bn [m-c-W-bn-em-
b-Xn-p ti-jw cm-Py-Im-cy§-sf hy-h-Ø sN-¿p-¶-XnÂ cm-Pmhn-tm-sSm-¸w U-¨p
K-hÀ-®dpw tNÀ-¶n-cp-¶-Xm-bn Im-Wmw. cm-Pm-hv n-b-an-¡p-¶ Im-cy-¡m-c-·m-scbpw
ta-tm-·m-scbpw sIm-v Im-cy-§Ä -S¯nh¶ncp¶Xv ]m-en-b-¯-¨-pw (tXm-
«m-tÈ-cn) X-e-s¨-t¶m-cpw a--t¡m-«-¨-pw U-¨v I-¼-n-bp-sS I-¸n-¯mpw Iq-Snbm-
tem-Nn-¨m-bn-cp¶p.
(2) sImÃhÀjw 849 (F.Un. 1674)þse U-¨p-Im-cp-am-bp-f-f D-S¼-Sn {]-Im-
cw Im-cym-tz-j-W-¯n-sâ B-h-iy-¯n-te-¡m-bn sIm-¨n cm-Py-s¯ hnhn[ {]-hr-
¯n-I-fm-bn (hntÃPv HmôkpIÄ) Xn-cn-¨n-cp¶p. kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡mÀ, Im-cy-¡mÀ,
ta-tm-·mÀ, In-gn-¡mÀ, ap-XÂ-]nSn, n-tbm-K-·mÀ F-¶o D-tZym-K-t¸-cp-IÄ F.Un.
1674 ap-XÂ ]-Sn-]-Sn-bm-bn-«m-Wv n-e-hnÂ h-cp-¶Xv. ta-tm-·m-sc-s¡m-v IW-¡v
F-gp-Xn-¨v FÃm I-W-¡p-Ifpw ]cn-tim-[n-¨v cm-Pm-hn-s t_m-[n-¸n-¡m-pw -’In-gn-
¡mc³’ F¶ D-tZym-K-Ø-s-s¡m-v h-cp-am-w kq-£n¸n-¡m-p-apff NpaX-e m-
ep a-{ń-am-cnÂ {]-[m-nbm-bn-cp¶ ]m-en-b-¯-¨-m-bn-cp¶p35
. A-¡me-¯v cm-Py-
¯p-m-bn-cp-¶ hchn--§fnÂ {][ms¸«h ]-en-i, ]m-«-¡mWw, IÂ¸-, t]-
cm-t¼dv, h-gn-]n-g, ]p-cp-jm-ćw, Np¦w, tN-cn-¡ew, Ip-¯p-a-Xn, Im-gv-N, X-e-¸Ww,
A¦w, G-g, tIm-g, X-¸v, ]n-g, ]p-e-bm-«p-sh-®, s]m-¶-cn¸v, A-äm-e-S¡w, A-Sn-a-¸-
Ww, tN-cn¡Â, A-bv-ap-e, ap½p-e, c£m-t`mKw, N-§Xw, sN-s¦m¼v, sN-s¦m¼vv
I-®-S-¸p-ffn, B--¸nSn, D-S-ª- D-cp¡Ä, In-W-änÂ-]¶n, sIm¼v, Ip-d-hv, hmev,
tXmÂ, c-Xv--§Ä, tem-l-§Ä F-¶n-h-sbm-s¡- B-bn-cp¶p. F-¶mÂ `q-an-bnÂ
n-t¶m hr-£-^-e-§-fnÂ nt¶m n-Ip-Xn-]n-cn-hv F¶ k{¼Zmbw Xs¶ D-m-
bn-cp-¶panÃ.
(3) sIm¨nbnÂ B-Zy-am-bn `q-an-bn-t·Â n-Ip-Xn n-Ý-bn¨-Xv F.Un.
1762þemWv. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ, tIm-gn-t¡m-Sv, ssa-kqÀ cm-Pm-¡-·m-cp-am-bpm-b bp-
²-s¨-e-hp-IÄ¡pw ssa-kq-cn-te¡p-f-f I-¸-¯npw aäpw n-e-hn-ep-f-f h-cp-am-w
Xn-I-bm-sX h¶tXm-Sp Iq-Sn-bm-Wv `q-n-Ip-Xn Np-a-¯n-¯p-S-§n-bXv. km-aq-Xn-cn-sb
H-gn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw cm-Py-t{Zm-ln-I-fm-bn Xn-cn-ªn-cp-¶ C-S-{]-`p-¡-·m-cp-sS kz-¯p-¡Ä
FÃmw A-[o--X-bn-em-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-X-tXm-sS cm-P-Øm--¯n-p ssI-h-¶ {]-_-
e-X- F.Un. 1763þÂ cm-Py-Im-cy§fpsS co-Xn ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-p km-l-Ncy-
sam-cp¡n. A-Xphsc m-Sp-hm-gn-I-fp-sS `-c-W-¯nÂ m-Sp-I-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-¨n-cp-¶ GÀ-
¸m-Sn-s t`-Z-s¸-Sp-¯n cm-Py-s¯, sX-t¡ ap-J-sa¶pw hS-t¡ ap-J-sa¶pw c-m-
bn `m-Kn-¨v Hmtcm ap-J-t¯-¡pw Hmtcm kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡msc36
FÃm-änpw ta-e-
35. [sI. ]-n. ]-ßm-` ta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n cm-Py-N-cn{Xw, t]-Pv þ622]
36. ^mZÀ _À-¯-tem-taym-hnsâ tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯Â {]-Im-cw A-¡me-s¯ tI-c-f-¯n-se D-tZym-K-ØÀ I-SÂ¡-c, ]p-g
ap-X-em-b-Xn-sâ taÂ-hn-Nm-c-¡mc³, A-sÃ-¦nÂ Np-¦-¸n-cnhv, hym-]mcw C-Xp-I-fp-sS taÂ-hn-Nm-c-¡m-c³, t-km-]Xn,
Xpd-¡mc³, kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡mÀ, A-[n-Im-cn A-sÃ-¦nÂ ]mÀ-Æ-Xy-¡mc³, ]n-f-f A-sÃ-¦nÂ F-gp-¯pImc³
F¶nhcmbncp¶p. sIm-¨n-bnÂ Ch-sc ta-tm³ F¶pw h-n-fn¨ncp¶p
[th-em-bp-[³ ]-Wn-¡-tÈcn þ k-©m-cn-IÄ I- tIc-fw, Idâ v _pIvkv, 2017. t]-Pv 364. ]
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[n-Im-cn-bmbn n-b-an¨p. ap-J§sf tIm-hn-e-I-¯pw-hm-Xn-ep-I-fm-bn (C¶s¯ Xm-
eq-¡n-p k-amw) Xn-cn¡p-I-bpw, ta-e-[n-Im-cn-bmbn Im-cy-¡m-sc n-Ý-bn¡p-I-
bpw sN-bvXp. tIm-hn-e-I-¯pwhm-Xn-epI-sf {]-hr-¯n-I-fm-bn (C¶s¯ hn-tÃ-Pn-
p k-amw) Xn-cn-¨v {]-hr-¯n-Im-c-·m-scbpw IW-¡v F-gp-Xp-¶-Xn-m-bn ta-tm-
·m-scbpw ap-XÂ kq-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-v N-{´-¡m-c-·m-scbpw n-Ý-bn¨p. tZ-i-¯p -
S-¡p-¶ kw-K-Xn-Isf¸än ta-e-[n-Im-cn-IÄ-¡v A-dn-hp ÂIp-hm³ tZ-i-§Ä tXmdpw
Hmtcm {]-am-W-¡m-c-p-ap-m-bn-cp¶p. i¼f-anÃm-Xn-cp-¶ Cu Ømw, Hmtcm X-
d-hm-t«-¡pw im-iz-Xm-h-Im-i-am-bn-cp¶p. Pm-Xn-a-X-t`-Zw Iq-Sm-sX-bm-Wv {]-am-W-¡msc
GÀ¸mSm¡nbncp¶Xv. tZi-s¯ NnÃ-d-¡m-cy-§Ä ap-XÂ {]-hr-¯n-Im-c-·m-À sNt¿-
Xm-b Im-cy-§Ä h-sc C-h-cp-sS A-tz-j-W-¯nÂ s]-«n-cp¶p. If-hv ap-Xemb
Ip-ä-§Ä h-À-²n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m³ Im-hÂ k-©-cn¡phmmbn tZ-i-Im-hÂ-¡mscbpw
GÀ-s¸-Sp¯n. C§-s cmPyw ap-gp-h³ cmPm-hn-sâ A-[n-Im-c-¯n-em-hp-Ibpw kz-
cq-]nIÄ, {]-`p-¡-·mÀ F-¶n-h-cp-sS A-[n-Im-cw {ItaW CÃm-Xm-Ip-Ibpw sN-bvXp.
(4) F.Un. 1790 ap-XÂ 1805 h-sc sIm-¨n cm-Pm-hm-bn-cp¶- i-à-³ X¼p-
cm³ F-¶-dn-b-s¸-« cm-a-hÀ-½ H³-]-Xm-a-³ ssa-kqÀ `-c-W-co-Xn-sb A-p-I-cn¨v
cm-Py`-c-W k-{¼-Zm-b-¯nÂ Nn-e ]-cn-jv-I-m-c-§Ä h-cp-¯p-I-bp-mbn. c-p Xm-
eq-¡p-IÄ Iq-Sp-¶ hn-`m-K-¯nv `kp-º’ F-¶p t]-cn«v AhbpsS taÂ-hn-Nm-c-
¯npw Io-gp-tZym-K-Ø-·m-cp-sS S-]-SnI-sf ]cn-tim-[n-¨p dn-t¸mÀ-«p sN-¿p-¶Xnpw
`I-¸n-¯m³’am-sc ntbmKn¨p. ssI-¡q-en-¡mcm-b D-tZym-K-ØÀ-¡v XS-hv in-£-bv-
¡p ]pd-ta A-Snbpw hn-[n-¨n-cp¶p. A-h-cps-S h-I ]qÀ-Æn-I-hpw kz-bmÀ-Ön-X-hpam-
b kz-¯p ap-gp-hpw kÀ-¡m-cn-te¡p AS-¡n F-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXpt]m¶p.
A¡me-¯p ssI-¡q-en-¡mcm-b A-[n-Im-cn-IÄ m-«nÂ [m-cm-f-ap-m-bn-cp-¶-Xn-
mÂ Ah-sc in-£n-¡p-¶-XnÂ n-¶vv J-P-m-hn-te-¡v CSapdnbmsX B-Zm-bw
h¶p-sIm-pancp¶p.
(5) s]-cp-¼S-¸v kz-cq-]hpw Cw-¥ojv Cu-Ìv C´ym I-¼-n-bp-am-bpmb D-
S-¼-Sn- h-gn I-¼-n-¡p e-`n-¨ taÂ-t¡m-bv-a, F.Un. 1795þÂ sIm-¨n-t¡m-« U-¨p-Im-
cnÂ n¶pw ssI-h-i-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-tXm-sS G-sd-¡p-sd ta-e-[n-Im-c-am-bn D-d¨p. B-
cw-`-¯nÂ (F.Un. 1792 apXÂ) t_mw-s_ {]-kn-U³-kn -S-¯n-bn-cp-¶ ta-e-
tzj-Ww F.Un. 1800þÂ a-e-_mÀ, sX-¡³ IÀ-®mS-Iw F-¶o {]-tZ-i-§Ä a-{Zm-
kv {]-kn-U³kn-tbm-Sp tNÀ-¯-t¸mÄ a-{Zm-kv {]-kn-U³-kn-bp-sS Np-a-X-e-bn-embn.
F.Un. 1812þÂ Zn-hm-m-bn n-b-an-¡-s¸« tI-WÂ a¬tdm Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnÂ -
S-¸n-em-¡n-b-Xn-p k-am-am-b ]-cn-jv-Im-c-§Ä sIm-¨n-bnepw -S-¸n-em¡n. Im-cy-
¡mÀ-¡p-m-bn-cp-¶ o-Xn-nÀ-Æ-l-Wm-[n-Im-c-§Ä nÀ-¯-em-¡n Ahsb Xr-¸q-
Wn-¯p-d-bn-epw Xr-Èq-cnepw B-cw-`n-¨ sNdnb tIm-S-Xn-IÄ-¡pw F-d-Wm-Ipf-¯v
B-cw-`n-¨ A-¸oÂ tIm-S-Xn-¡p-am-bn GÂ-¸n¨p-sIm-Sp¯p. C-tXm-sS Im-cy-¡m-cp-sS
Np-a-X-e-IÄ n-Ip-Xn-]n-cn-hnÂ am-{X-am-bn tI-{µo-I-cn-¡-s¸«p. F.Un. 1818þÂ -
©-¸-¿-³ Zn-hm-m-bn-cns¡ “Im-cy-¡mÀ”F¶pw “Xn-cpap-J”sa¶pw D-f-f D-tZym-K-
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t¸-cp-IÄ amän “X-l-knÂ-ZmÀ” F¶pw “k-{¼Xn” F¶pw B-¡n D-tZym-K-Ø-·m-
cp-sS {]-hr-¯nI-sf hy-h-Ø-s¸-Sp-¯n-37
.
(6) sImÃhÀjw 937 (F.Un. 1762)þepw A-XnÂ-¸n-s¶ ]-e-t¸m-gmbpw
Nn-e tI-s«-gp-¯p-Ifpw sImÃhÀjw 964 (F.Un. 1789)þÂ n-e-§Ä¡p Im-em-
n-Ip-Xn Np-a-¯nbXp-aÃmsX cmPy-s¯ n-ew, ]-d-¼pI-sf i-cn-bm-bn I-s-gp-Xn-
bn-«nÃmXn-cp¶ sIm-¨n-bnÂ Is-gp-¯v nÀ-t±-in¨p-sIm-pw A-Xn-p-th-p-¶
N-«§-sf hn-h-cn¨p-sImpw sImÃhÀjw 989 (F.Un. 1814)þÂ Zn-hm-m-bn-cp-¶
tI-WÂ a¬tdm D-¯-c-hn-«n-cp¶p. C-X-p-k-cn-¨p-f-f ]d-¼v I-s-gp-¯v sImÃhÀjw
990 (F.Un. 1814-15)þepw n-ew I-s-gp-¯v ©¸-¿³ Zn-hm-m-bn-cn-s¡
sImÃhÀjw 996 (F.Un. 1821)þepw B-cw-`n-¨p. ]n¶oSv sh-¦n-S-kp-º-¿-cp-sS Im-
e-¯mWv (F.Un. 1835-1840) sImÃhÀjw 1012 (F.Un. 1837)þÂ ]-d-¼v I-s-
gp-¯p S-¯n `q-an-bnÂ n-¶p-ap-f-f ap-X-se-Sp-¸v Iq-«n-b-Xv. sImÃhÀjw 990þse
]d-¼v I-s-gp-¯np tijw ]pXn-b-Xm-bn sh-«n-s¯-fn-s¨-Sp-¯ ]-d-¼p-I-fp-sS-bpw
A-XnÂ h-¨p ]n-Sn-¸n-¨ hr-£-§-fp-sS-bpw sX§pw In-g-§pw a-äp ]-d-¼p-hn-f-I-fp-am-
bn hn-I-kn-¨n-cp-¶ ]-d-¼p-Ir-jn-bp-sSbpw I-W-s¡-Sp-¡pIbpw I-cw ]-Xn-¡p-Ibpw
sN-bvXXntm-sSm¸w ssI-h-i-am-bn¡- `-q-an-I-sf-bpw Ir-jn-¡p tbm-Ky-am-bn-«p-
ff ssI-h-i-aÃm-¯ `q-an-I-sfbpw i-cn-bm-bf-¶v H-cp c-Pn-ÌÀ X-¿m-dm¡pIbpw sN-
bvXp. ]e-h-I ap-X-se-Sp-¸n-s ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¨v taÂ-hn-Nm-c-¯n-p I¬-kÀ-th-ä-dm-bn
tIm-e-^n-sbpw n-Ý-bn¨p. Cu {]-{In-b 20 sImÃw I-gn-ªv sImÃhÀjw
1032 (F.Un. 1857)þÂ hopw S¯pIbpmbn.38
(7) sIm-¨n Xm-eq-¡nepw I-W-b-¶qÀ Xm-eq-¡nepw sh-dp-¼m-«m-h-Im-i-ap-f-f
]-mc-h-I n-e-§-fp-sS I-c-¯nÂ ]m-«hpw n-e-h-cnbpw ]m-«-¡m-gv-Nbpw DÄ-s¸-«n-
cp¶p. Nnäq-scm-gn-sIbpff Xm-eq-¡p-I-fp-sS I-c-¯nÂ ]m-«hpw ]m-«-¡m-gv-Nbpw n-
Ip-Xnbpw ]-e-hpw DÄ-s¸-«n-cp¶p. Nn-äqÀ Xm-eq-¡nÂ ]m-«hpw ]-ehpw am-{X-ta D-
37. Im-cy-¡m-cp-sS t]À X-l-knÂ-ZmÀ F-¶m-¡n am-ä-nb-Xv tI-WÂ a¬-tdm-bp-sS Im-e-¯m-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v Regional
Archives, Ernakulam ]p-d-¯n-d-¡n-bn-«pff Guide to Archives Series 2-Â ]p-dw 12þÂ tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p¶p. F-
¶mÂ 1818þem-Wv C-sX-¶v sIm-¨n³ tÌ-äv am-p-h-enÂ ]-d-bp¶p. tI-WÂ a¬tdm sIm-¨n-bp-sS d-knUâ v ]Z-hn cm-
Pn h-bv-¡p-¶-Xv 1819þemWv. A-Xn-v H-cp hÀ-jw ap-¼v -©-¸¿-sb sIm-¨n-cm-Pm-hv Zn-hm-m-bn n-b-an-¡p-¶-Xv a¬-tdm-
bp-am-bn B-tem-Nn-¨n-«mbncp¶p.
[sI. ]-n. ]-ßm-` ta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n cm-Py-N-cn{Xw, t]-Pv 717]
38. I-cw Np-a-¯m-hp-¶ hr-£-§-fp-f-f ]-d-¼p-IÄ-¡p hr-£-¸m-«hpw A-h-bnÃm-¯-h-bv-¡p ]-b-äp-]m-«hpw n-Ý-bn¨p.
]-mc-h-I ]-d-¼p-I-fn-t·Â H-cp ]-d-bv-¡p Ø-e-¯n-v `q-an-bp-sS Kp-Ww t]m-se ]t¯m At©m ss]-k ho-X-ap-f-
f ]-b-äp-]m-«hpw ]pd-h-I ]-d-¼p-IÄ-¡v A-Xn-sâ F-«n-sem-¶p ho-Xhpw Np-a¯n. Nn-äqÀ Xm-eq-¡nÂ ]-m-c-h-I-bm-
Is«, ]p-d-h-I-bm-Is«, FÃm `qan-IÄ-¡pw Hcp-t]m-se ]-d-bv-¡v G-gp ss]-k ho-X-ap-f-f I-chpw ]-Xn¨p.
n-ew I-s-gp-¯nÂ A-¶v -S-¸p-m-bn-cp-¶ FÃm n-e-§fpw DÄ-s¸-«n-cp¶psh¦nepw n-ew i-cn-bm-bn A-f-¶n-
«p-m-bn-cp-¶nÃ. I-s-gp-¯p-tZym-K-Ø-·mÀ t-cn-«p ]cn-tim-[n-¨-Xn-sâ ti-jw H-cp n-e-¯nÂ hn-X-bv-¡m-hp-¶ hn-
¯n-sâ Xp-I-b-p-k-cn-¨v A-Xn-sâ h-en-¸w I-W-¡m-¡p-Ibpw h-kv-Xp ssI-h-i-¡m-cp-tSbpw k-ao-]-Ø-·m-cp-tSbpw I-
W-¡n-s {]-am-W-am-¡n-s¡m-v kÀ-¡m-cn-te-¡v I-cw n-P-s¸-Sp-¯p-IbpamWpm-bXv.
ssa-kqÀ A-[n-n-th-i-¯n--n-S-¡p-f-f sNdn-sbm-cp Im-e-b-f-shm-gn-¨mÂ, `q-an-¡p n-Ip-Xn Np-a-¯n-¯p-S-§nb-Xp
ap-XÂ G-I-tZ-iw 50 sImÃ-t¯m-fw n-e-§-fnÂ n-¶p-f-f n-Ip-Xn sÃm-bm-Wv ]n-cn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. F.Un. 1813þÂ tI-WÂ
a¬tdm n-Ip-Xn ]-W-am-bn ]n-cn-¨p Xp-S-§n-sb-¦nepw F.Un. 1855þepw, F.Un. 1856þepw i-¦-c-hm-cyÀ Zn-hm-m-bn-cn-s¡
G-Xm-pw n-Ip-Xn sÃmbpw ]n-cn-¡p-I-bp-mbn. n-Ip-Xn ]-W-am-bn ]n-cn-¨p Xp-S-§n-bn«pw ]-d-hm-in, Np-a-«p-Iqen
XpS-§nbh nÀ-¯Â sN¿msX n-IpXn-tbm-Sv Iq-«n-t¨À-¡p-I-bm-Wp-m-bXv.
[kn. A-¨p-Xta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n³ tÌ-äv am-p-hÂ. t]Pvþ 396þ397.]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXXXVII
m-bn-cp-¶p-ffp. ]-m-c-h-I Im-W n-e-§-fp-sS I-chpw sh-dp-¼m-«-n-e-§Ä-¡p-
ff-Xp t]m-se X-s¶-bm-Wv I-W-¡m-¡n-bn-cp-¶Xv. ]m-«-¯n-p ]I-cw an-¨-hm-c-am-
Wv ]n-cn-¨n-cp-¶Xv F¶Xp am{Xambncp¶p hyXymkw. Im-W-¨mÀ-¯pIÄ, km-[m-
c-W P-·n-I-fp-sS Io-gnÂ Ip-Sn-bm-·mÀ NmÀ-¯n-¸n-Sn-¸n-¡p¶-Xp t]m-se Xs¶, Im-
ew I-gn-bp-¶-tXm-Sp Iq-Sn s]m-fn-s¨-gp-Xm³ A-h-Im-iw sIm-Sp-¯p s]m-fn-s¨-gp-Xn
]n-Sn-¡-¯-¡-h-bm-bn-cp¶p. A-Sn-atbm Ap-t`m-Ktam D-f-f n-e-§-fp-sS Im-cy-¯nÂ
]m-«-¯nÂ n¶pw D-S³-Ipd-hv Fs¶mcp XpI Ipd-hp sN-bvXp-sIm-Sp-¯ ti-jw n-
Ip-Xn-bn--§-sf-sbÃmw Im-W-n-e-§Ä-s¡¶ t]m-se Np-a-¯n. Im-cmbv-a n-e-
§Ä-¡v ta-em-bv-a A-sÃ-¦nÂ cm-P-t`m-Kw (CXv ]m-«-¯n-tâbpw ]m-«-¡m-gv-N-bp-
tSbpw qäp¡v c--c ho-X-ap-f-f Aw-iambn-cp¶p) am-{X-ta Np-a-¯n-bn-cp-¶p-ffp. I-
c-sam-gn-hv n-e-§Ä-¡v s]m-Xpsh H-cp hn-[-¯n-ep-ap-f-f n-Ip-Xnbpw Np-a-¯n-bn-cp-
¶nsÃ¦nepw Nn-äqÀ Xm-eq-¡nÂ A-{]-Im-c-ap-f-f n-e-§-fp-sS Im-cy-¯nÂ ]ew am-
{X-w H-gn-hm-¡n- ]m-«w h-kq-em-¡n-bn-cp¶p. ]pd-h-I n-e-§Ä¡p ]m-«tam ]m-«-¡m-
gv-Ntbm CÃm-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw sX-¡³ Xm-eq-¡p-I-fnÂ B h-I n-e-§Ä¡p ap-
¸-dbpw n-e-h-cnbpw h-S-¡³ Xm-eq-¡p-I-fnÂ n-Ip-Xnbpw ]ehp-w39
am{Xhpw Np-
a-¯n-bn-cp¶p.
(8) Is-gp-¯p-I-fnÂ tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸-« `q-an-bp-sS A-f-hn-ep-f-f Ir-Xy-X-
bnÃm-bv-a, ssI-h-i-§-fp-sS-bpw D-]-tbm-K-¯n-tâbpw Im-en-Iam-b am-ä-§Ä aq-ew
tc-J-I-fnÂ hÀ-²n-¨p-h¶ s]m-cp-¯-anÃm-bv-a, C-h Imc-Ww I-cw ]n-c-nhnÂ h¶p-
sIm-n-cp-¶ £-bw Xp-S-§n-b-h ]-cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-mbn cm-Py-am-kI-ew im-kv-
{Xo-b-kÀ-sÆ S-¯n hn-kv-XoÀ-®-s¯bpw hn-f-hn-sbpw A-Sn-Øm--s¸-Sp-¯n I-
cw nÀ-®-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-m-bm-Wv im-kv-{Xo-bam-b d-h-yp kÀ-sÆ sk-änÂ-saâ v -S-
¯n-bXv. a-{Zm-kv kÀ-sÆ Un-¸mÀv-«v-saânÂ n¶pff tXmw-k¬ F-¶-bm-fp-sS ta-
Âtm«¯nÂ d-hyq kw-_-Ôam-b cPn-kv-äÀ X-¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f kÀ-sÆ
sImÃhÀjw 1074 (F.Un. 1898) þÂ B-cw-`n¨p. sImÃhÀjw 1077 (F.Un.
1902)þÂ -S¯nb {]m-Yan-I X-e-¯n-ep-f-f H-cp am-Xr-Im kÀ-sÆ-tbm-Sp IqSn d-
hyq sk-änÂ-saâ v Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v n-e-hnÂ h¶p. I-W-b-¶qÀ, sIm-Sp-§ÃqÀ
Xm-eq-¡p-I-fp-sS kÀ-sÆ sIm-ÃhÀjw 1075þepw, sIm-¨n-bn-te-Xp sImÃhÀjw
1076þepw, ap-Ip-µ-]pcw, Nn-äqÀ, Xr-Èn-h-t]-cqÀ, X-e-¸nf-fn F-¶o Xm-eq-¡p-I-fn-
39 ]m«hpw ]-ehpw n-e-h-cn-bpw:
P-·n-bv-¡pf-f Hm-l-cn-bp-sS ]-Ip-Xn-ho-Xw A-sÃ-¦nÂ sNe-hp I-gn-¨p-f-f B-Zm-b-¯n-sâ G-I-tZ-iw aq-¶n-sem-¶p
ho-Xw B-Wv km-[m-c-W-bm-bn -]m-«-am-bn n-Ý-bn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. H-cp ]-d n-e-¯n-v ImÂ ]-d sÃp ap-XÂ B-dp ]-d
sÃp h-sc h-¶n-cp¶p. ]-d-bv-¡v G-gc ss]-k ho-Xhpw A-]qÀ-Æw Nn-e kw-K-Xn-I-fnÂ 15 ss]-k hoX-hw B-Wv n-
eh-cn ]n-cn-¨n-cp-¶Xv. ]m-«-Imgv-N F¶-Xv P-·n-¡p sIm-Sp-¯n-cp-¶ H-cp Im-gv-N-bm-bn-cp¶p. A-Xp ssI-h-i-ap-f-f `q-an-bp-
sS h-en-¸w t]m-se 10 ss]-k ap-XÂ 4 cq] 9 AW 2 ss]-k h-sc D-m-bn-cp¶p. n-Ip-Xn-bp-sS tXm-Xv h-kv-Xp-hn-sâ
Kp-Ww t]m-se H-cp ]-d n-e-¯n-v ImÂ ]-d sÃv ap-XÂ H-cp ]-d sÃp h-sc-bm-bn- ]-e hn-[-am-bn-cp¶p. A-{]-Im-cw
X-s¶ ]-e-¯n-sâ tXm-Xv H-cn-S§-gn sÃp ap-XÂ G-g-c C-S§-gn sÃp h-sc ]-e X-c-¯n-em-bn-cp¶p. H-cp ]-d n-e-
¯n-p aq-¶n-S§-gn sÃp ho-Xw h-cp-¶ ]-e-s¯ `ap¸-d’ F-¶p ]-d-bp-¶p. n-eh-cn n-c-¸nÂ ]-d-bv-¡p 15 -ss]-kbpw,
A-]qÀÆw Nn-e n-e-§Ä-¡p ]-d-bv-¡v G-gc ss]-k ho-X-hpamWv Np-a-¯n-bn-cp-¶Xv. ]m-«-¡m-gv-N- 20 ss]k ap-XÂ H-
t¶-ImÂ cq-] h-sc ]-e-{]-Im-c-¯nÂ ]n-cn¨p-t]m¶p.
[kn. A-¨p-Xta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n³ tÌ-äv am-p-hÂ. t]Pvþ 397þ399]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XXXVIII
teXp b-Ym-{I-aw sImÃhÀjw 1078, 1079, 1080, 1082 F-¶nhbnepw A-h-km-
n¨p. X-e-¸nf-fn Xm-eq-¡n-se A-h-km-s¯ kÀ-sÆ dn-¡m-ÀUp-IÄ sImÃhÀjw
1083þm-am-nÂ (F.Un. 1908) sk-änÂ-saâ v Un-¸mÀ-«v-saânÂ GÂ-¸n-¨-tXm-Sp
Iq-Sn cm-Pys¯ FÃmhn[ kÀsÆ {]hr¯nIfpw ]qÀ¯nbmIpIbpmbn.
(9) sImÃhÀjw 1080þem-Wv (F.Un. 1905) sk-änÂ-saâ v hn-fw_-cw ]p-
d-s¸-Sp-hn-¨Xv. A-¶p Zn-hm-m-bn-cp-¶ ]-«m-`n cm-a-¿ cq]w ÂIn-b sk-änÂ-saâ v
D¯-c-hnÂ40
`q-anI-sf X-cw Xn-cn-¡p-I, n-Ip-Xn-bp-sS tXm-Xp-IÄ n-Ý-bn-¡p-I, ]-
e-hn-[-¯n-ep-f-f A-h-Im-i-§-tf-b-pw ssI-h-i-§-tfbpw XoÀ-¨-s¸-Sp-¯p-I, I-c-Sp-]-
«-b-hpw, A-ÊÂ-]-«-bhpw sIm-Sp-¡p-I, cPn-Ì-dp-IÄ X-¿m-dm-¡p-I F-¶n-§-s-bp-
ff GÀ-¸m-Sp-IÄ-¡v ]pd-ta B hn-fw-_-c-¯nÂ C-mw, I-c-sam-gnhv, A-yw-nÂ-¸v
F-¶n-h kw-_-Ôn-¨ tI-kp-I-sf¸-än n-jv-IÀ-j-tbm-Sp IqSn-b A-tzj-Ww -S-
¯p-¶-Xn-te-¡pw A-h-bp-sS A-h-Im-i§-sf Xo-cp-am--s¸-Sp-¯p¶Xn-te-¡pw th-
amÀK-nÀ-t±-i§fpw D-m-bn-cp¶p. S¸n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶ NnÃ-d I-c§-sf F-Sp-
¯p-I-f-ªXpw s]m-fn-s¨-gp¯pw s]m-fn-s¨-gp-¯-h-Im-i-§fpw nÀ-¯Â sN-bv-X-
Xpw ]-m-c-h-I -sh-dp-¼m«-¡mÀ¡pw Im-W-¡mÀ¡pw ssI-h-i-ap-f-f h-kv-Xp-¡-fn-
t·Â ]qÀ-®m-h-Im-iw ÂInb-Xp-apÄ-s¸-sSbpff Im-em-p-kr-Xam-b ]-cn-jv-Im-c-
§sf DÄ-s¡m-f-fn¨pw, d-hyq k-{¼-Zm-bw Im-cy-£-a-am-¡p¶Xn-v D-tZym-K-ØÀ
A-p-hÀ-¯n-bv-t¡- -S-]-Sn-{I-a-§-Ä n-jv-IÀ-jn¨p-sIm-p-ap-f-f sk-änÂ-saâ v
-S-]-Sn-IÄ `-c-W-hy-h-Ø-bv-¡v Ir-Xyam-b Nn-«-h«-§fpw hy-à-Xbpw Â-In. sk-
änÂ-saâ v 30 hÀ-jw n-e-nÂ-¡p¶Xm-sW-¶pw A-Xn-n-S-bv-¡v bm-sXm-cp Im-c-W-
h-imepw n-Ip-Xn Iq«p-I-bn-sÃ¶pw n-Ý-b-ap-m¡n.
(10) F.Un. 1905 h-sc Pam_-´n F-¶ t]-cnÂ d-h-yp (C-XnÂ FIv-
sskkv, Irjn, ^n-j-do-kv F¶n-h DÄ-s¸-«n-cp-¶p), {S-j-dn, [--Im-cy hn-`m-K-§Ä
H-cp-an-¨m-bn-cp-¶p H-cp h-Ip-¸m-bn {]-hÀ-¯n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. Irjn, FIv-sskkv, hm-Wn-
Py n-Ip-Xn F-¶n-h-bm-bn-cp-¶p d-h-yp h-Ip-¸n-sâ {]-[m--s¸-« im-J-IÄ. 1905þÂ
FIv-ssk-kpw, Xp-SÀ-¶v Ir-jnbpw ^n-j-do-kpw kzX-{´ hn-`m-K-§-fm-Ip-I-bpw F.Un.
1907þÂ d-hyq tPm-enbpw a-Pn-kv-t{S-äv tPm-enbpw thÀ-Xn-cn-bp-I-bpw sN-bvXp. tZ-
hkzw `-c-W-w 1923þÂ kzX-{´ Un-¸mÀ-«v-saâ v B-b-tXmsS Gsd-¡p-sd X-Xm-b
em³-Uv d-h-yq h-Ip-¸v D-cp-¯n-cnbpIbpmbn. F.Un. 1895þÂ n-e-hnÂ h-¶
40. n-Ip-Xn n-P-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-p th-n ]-mc-h-I sh-dp-¼m-« `q-an-I-sf-bm-Wv G-I-I-am-bn-s«-Sp-¯Xv. n-e-§Ä-¡v
n-Ip-Xn n-P-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-v B-Zy-s¯ hnf-hp sIm-bv-Xp tm-¡n I--{]-Im-cw H-cp n-e-¯n-ep-m-Ip-¶ sÃn-sâ
Xp-I I-W-¡m¡n. A-Xp-{]-Im-cw I- XpI-sb ]-d-bv-¡p m-e-W Ggp- ss]-k hn-e {]-Im-cw ]-W-am-¡n Xn-cn-¨p. H-
cp-¸q n-e-§-fnÂ n¶pw c-m-a-sXm-cp hn-f-sh-Sp-¡p-¶-Xm-bmÂ A-Xn-v H-cp-¸q n-Ip-Xn-bp-sS ]-Ip-Xn ho-Xw Iq-Sp-
XÂ I-cw Np-a¯n. Øn-c-am-bn-«p-f-f C-cp-¸q n-e-§-fp-sS Im-cy-¯nÂ H¶mw hn-f-hn-v ]-Xn-¨n-«p-f-f I-c-¯n-sâ m-en-
e¶v, th-W-sa-¦nÂ B I-c-t¯m-Sp Iq-«n-t¨À-¯-S-bv-¡p-¶-Xn-p Ip-Sn-bm-·mÀ-¡v A-pa-Xn sIm-Sp¯p. ]t£, cmw
hn-f-sh-Sp-¯mepw C-sÃ-¦nepw B Ip-Sp-XÂ kw-Jy A-hÀ -sIm-Sp-¡-W-sa¶pw n-Ý-bn¨p. ]-b-äp-]m-«-§Ä A-sÃ-
¦nÂ ]m-«w h-bv-¡m-hp-¶ hr-£-§-fnÃm-¯ ]-d-¼p-IÄ `q-an-bp-sS Kp-W-¯n-sâ Xm-c-Xayw t]m-se-bpw, hr-£-¸m-« ]-
d-¼p-I-fp-sS Im-cy-¯nÂ `q-an-¡p ]I-cw hy-£-§Ä-¡p-am-Wv I-cw n-Ý-bn-¨Xv. h-kv-Xp D-S-a-Ø-·m-cp-sS ssI-¿nÂ
n¶v, A-Xv G-Xp X-c-¯n-epw C--¯n-ep-ap-f-f `q-an-bm-bn-cp-¶mepw icn, A-hÀ B-sI A-S-bv-t¡- I-c-¯nÂ cq-]-bv-
¡v B-dp ss]-k h-sc ]c-s¡ H-cp Xn-cp-apÂ-¡m-gv-N-bpw n-Ý-bn¨p.
[kn. A-¨p-Xta-tm³ þ sIm-¨n³ tÌ-äv am-p-hÂ. t]Pvþ 406þ407]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXXXIX
Un-hn-j³ t]-jv-ImÀ ]Z-hn nÀ-¯Â sN-bvXv em³-Uv d-h-yq `-c-W-¯n-v A-[n-
Im-cn-bm-bn Zn-hm³ t]-jv-Im-sc ntbmKn¡pIbpw sNbvXp.
15. a-e-_mdpw dhyq hIp¸pwþ (1) kmaq-Xn-cn-¡p Io-gn-ep-m-bn-cp¶ tIm-gn-
t¡m-Sv AY-hm a-e-_m-dn-v G-Io-Ir-Xamb H-cq cm{ãw F-¶ n-e-tb-¡mÄ ]-c-kv-
]-c-_-²am-b kz-X-{´ m-Sp-I-fp-sS Iq-«-w F-¶ n-e-bv-¡p-f-f N-cn-{X-am-Wp-f-fXv.
kz-´am-b ]-«m-f-hpw kz-´w A-[o-{]-tZ-i-§-fnÂ k-¼qÀ-®m-[n-]-Xyhpw ]p-eÀ-
¯n-bn-cp-¶ m-Sp-hm-gn-IÄ km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS Io-gn-em-bn-cn-s¡¯s¶ ]-e-t¸mgpw
km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS taÂ-t¡m-bva-sb tNmZyw sN-¿p-I-bpw ]-e-t¸mgpw bp-²-¯n-teÀ-
s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN-bvXpsh¦nepw km-aq-Xn-cn-¡v bp-²-k-lm-bw Â-Ip-I-sb-¶ IÀ-¯-
hy-¯nÂ H-cp-an¨p. kmaq-Xn-cn-bm-Is«, tZ-i-hm-gn-I-fp-sS Ømm-tcm-l-W k-ab-
¯v k-¶n-ln-X-m-Ip-I-bpw, “hmfpw ]p-S-hbpw”, “tN-ebpw Nn-cn-I-bpw”, “X-e-bnÂ-
s¡«pw” t]m-ep-ff A-h-Im-i-§fpw Øm--am--§fpw Â-Ip-Ibpw km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-
sS Ømm-tcm-l-W-¨-S§m-b Xn-cp-ap-Sn-¸-g-h-cn-NmÀ-¯n-pw (Acn-bn-«p-hmgvN), km-
aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS c-mw-Iqdm-b G-dmÄ-¸m-Sn-sâ Ømm-tcm-l-W-¯npw ssX-¸q-b-
¯npsams¡ m-Sp-hm-gn-IÄ¡pw tZ-i-hm-gn-IÄ-¡pw “Du-g¸Whpw” “a-p-jy-a-Xn-
Im-c-¸W” hpsams¡ ÂIp-t¼mgpw cm-Pm-sh-¶ ]Z-hnbnÂ C-hsc-sbm-«p I-W-
¡m-¡n-bn-cp-¶nÃ Xm-pw. kzta[-bm X-s¶ h³ `q-hp-S-aIfm-b tZ-i-hm-gn-Isf ^-
e-¯nÂ X-sâ Im-cy-nÀ-Æm-l-I-cm-¡n-s¡m-v `-c-W-kw-hn-[m--¯n-te¡v hn-f-¡n-
t¨À-¡p-hm³ ]t£ Cu-h-I D-Zm-c-X-I-fn-eq-sS km-aq-Xn-cn-¡p km-[n-¨n-cp¶p. m-Sp-
hm-gn-bpsStbm c-m-Pm-hnsâtbm kz-Im-cy kz-¯mb-h-sbm-gn-¨p _m-¡n-bp-f-f tZ-i-
§-fn-tem-tcm-¶nepw Hmtcm tZ-i-hm-gn-bp-m-bn-cp¶p41
. `qn-Ip-Xn CÃm-Xn-cp-¶
A-¡m-e-§-fnÂ C-S-bv-¡n-S-bv-¡p-f-f Im-gvN-I-tfm ]ng-Itfm Cu-Sm-¡nbncp¶-Xpw
cm-Pm-hn-te¡v H-Xp§n-b `q-an-I-fnÂ n-¶p-f-f B-Zm-bw ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¯ncp¶-Xpw tZi-
s¯ {]-`p F-¶ n-e-bnÂ tZ-i-hm-gnbm-bn-cp¶p. t]m-cn-n-d-§p-hm-p-f-f km-aq-Xn-
cn-bp-sS IÂ-¸- In-«n-bmÂ ]-S-P-s¯ kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xpw tZ-i-¯p-m-Ip-¶
NnÃ-d hn-hm-Z-hn-j-b-§-fnÂ XoÀ-¸p IÂ-¸n-bv-¡p-¶Xpw tZ-i-hm-gn Xs¶bmbncp¶p.
41. b-YmÀ-°-¯nÂ Øm-m-tcm-l-W-¨S-§v A-Sn-Øm--s¸-Sp-¯n-bm-Wv m-Sp-hm-gn-sbbpw tZ-i-hm-gn-sb-bpw thÀ-Xn-cn-
¨p-Im-Wp-¶Xv. `hmfpw ]p-S-h-bpw’ `tN-e-bpw Nn-cn-I-bpw’ `X-e-bnÂ-s¡-«pw’ t]m-se-bp-f-f Øm-hpw A-h-Im-ihpw
Â-Ip¶-Xv m-Sp-hm-gn-I-fnÂ In-gn-ª-h-cp-sS Ømm-tcm-l-W-¯n-mWv. Ah-sc tZ-i-hm-gn-IÄ F-¶m-Wv hn-fn-¨n-cp-
¶Xv. tZ-im-[n-]-Xy-¯n-p th--Xm-bn I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-¶ A-[n-Im-c§-sf ap-gp-h-tm G-Xmptam A-p-`-hn-¨p h-¶n-cp-¶-
Xn-sâ Ah-Ø-t]m-se H-cp tZ-i-¯n-sâ X-e-h³ tZ-i-hm-gn Ft¶m P-·n Ft¶m ]-d-b-s¸-«n-cp¶p. B h-I A-[n-Im-
c-§Ä Xm-sg ]-d-bp-¶-h-bm-bn-cp¶p.
1) A-¼-e¸-Sn þ tZ-i-t£-{X-§-fn-se tZ-h-Im-cy-§-fp-sS ta-e-²y-£-X
2) Du-cmbva þ tZ-h-kzw-h-I h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS `-c-Whpw t£-{X-¯nÂ {]-hr-¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-h-cp-sS ta-e-tz-j-
Whpw
3) tZ-iw þ tZ-i-¯p -S-¡p-¶ I-eym-Ww ap-X-em-b k-I-e A-Sn-b-´-c-§-fp-sSbpw ta-e-[n-Im-cw
4) tZ-im-[n-]Xyw þ tZi-¯p -S-¶n-cp-¶ Ip-ä-§Ä hn-Nm-c-W sN-bv-Xp in-£ IÂ-¸n-¡p-¶ Im-cy-¯nÂ km-am-
ty--bp-f-f ta-e-[n-Im-cw
tZi-s¯ X-ehv Cu h-I A-[n-Im-c-§-sfÃmw D-m-bn-cp-¶mÂ A-bmÄ tZ-i-hm-gn-bmbn. H-cmÄ-¡v
A-¼-e-¸-Snbpw Du-cm-bv-a-bp-m-bn-cp-¶nÃ, aäv cv A[nImc§Ä a-m-{Xta D-m-bn-cp-¶pf-fp F-¶p h-cn-InÂ A-
bmÄ P-·n am-{X-am-bn-cp¶p.
[ae_mÀ K-k-än-bÀ hm-eyw 1 t]-Pv, a{Zmkv kÀ¡mÀ {]kv, 1933. t]Pvþ 366þ67
hn.hn. l-cn-Zm-kv þ km-aq-Xn-cn-s¸-cp-a, tIcf kmlnXy A¡mUan, 2012. t]-Pv 55]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XL
tZi-hm-gn-bp-sS Io-gnÂ D-tZym-K-Ø-cmcpw D-m-bn-cp-¶nÃ. ]-Icw, tZi-s¯ am-y-
·mcm-b At©m Btdm t]-sc {]-am-W-¡mÀ F-¶ t]-cnÂ k-lm-bn-I-fm-bn I-cp-
Xp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p ]-Xnhv. {I-a-{]-Im-cw D-tZym-K-¯nÂ h-bv-¡m-sX-bpw, ]m-c-¼-cy-h-
gn-¡Ãm-sX Xn-c-sª-Sp-¡-s¸«pw {]-am-W-¡m-cm-b-h-cnÂ an¡hcpw m-b-·m-cm-bn-
cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw -¼q-Xn-cn-amÀ, Xn¿À, sN«nIÄ, am-¸n-f-amÀ Xp-S-§n-bhpw Ip-d-hm-
bn-cp-¶nÃ. Nne tZ-i§Ä cm-Py-¯n-sâ H-cw-i-am-bn-«p cm-Pm-hn-sâ Io-gnÂ t-cn«p
-n-¶t¸mÄ Nne tZ-i§fmIs« a-äp-ff-h-tbm-Sp tNÀ-¶p m-Sp-I-fm-bn IqSnbXnÂ
n¶pw m-Sp-hm-gn F-¶ Øm--ap-mbn. tZi-hm-gn-¡pw cm-Pm-hnpw C-S-bv-¡m-bn-
cp-¶p m-Sp-hm-gn-bp-sS Ø-mw. Nn-e L-«-§-fnÂ X-sâ m-«n-ep-f-f FÃm tZ-i-
§fpsSbpw-AsÃ¦nÂ Ht¶m c-tm am{Xw tZ-i-§-fp-sSbpw tZ-i-hm-gn-bm-bn-cp¶
m-Sp-hm-gn X-sâ m-«n-se ]-S-m-b-I-pw Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp¶p.
(2) km-[m-c-W-bm-bn-«p-f-fXpw hn-ti-jm-ep-f-f-Xpam-b ap-X-se-Sp-¸pI-sf m-
Sp-hm-gn-I-fm-Wv ]n-cn-¨-S-¨n-cp-¶Xv. B tPm-en-bnÂ Ht¶m ctm A-Xn-e-[n-Itam
]-m«m-fn-amÀ F-¶p ]-d-b-s¸-Sp-¶ I-W-s¡-gp-¯p-ImÀ Ah-sc k-lm-bn-¡p-I-b-pw
sN-bv-Xn-cp¶p. tZ-i-hm-gn-I-fnÃmXncp-¶ tZ-i-§-fnÂ cm-Pm-hv A-h-bp-sS h-ep-¸-¯n-
sâ A-hØ t]m-se Ht¶m A-Xn-e-[n-Itam tZ-i-§-fp-sS Im-cy-Ø-mbn {]-hr-
¯n-¡m-c³ F-¶p ]-d-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶ H-cp D-tZym-KØ-s n-b-an-¨n-cp¶p. F-¶mÂ
cm-Pm-¡-·mÀ-¡v D-S-a-Ø-Xm-h-Im-iw kn-²n-¨n-«p-f-f an-¡ tZ-i-§-fnepw ]-g-b tZ-i-
hm-kn-IÄ X-s¶ A-h-cp-sS A-[n-Im-cw -S-¯n-h-¶p. km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS tN-cn-¡Â
n-e (]-m-c-h-I)¯nÂ n-¶p-f-f h-cp-am-w ]-W-ambpw DÂ-¸-¶-ambp-sam-s¡ ]n-
cn-s¨-Sp-¡phm³ Np-a-X-e-s¸-«n-cp-¶hsc Ìm-cy-¡mÀ’ F¶pw `s]m-gv¯n’ F-¶p-am-
Wv hn-fn-¨n-cp-¶Xv42
. A-[n-Im-cnIÄ, X-e-s¨-¶hÀ, A-¨-·mÀ, t£-{X-{]hÀ-¯n-
ImÀ F-¶n-hcpw tIm-hn-eI-s¯ ]q-P-IÄ sN-¿p-¶ tX-hm-cn-IÄ, a-{´-hm-Zn-IÄ,
tPym-Xn-jn-IÄ F-¶n-hcpapÄ-s¸-« D-tZym-K-Ø-hrµs¯ s]m-Xp-th ]m-c-¼-cy-a-p-
k-cn-¨m-Wv n-b-an-¨n-cp-¶Xv. _p-¡m-sâ hn-h-cW-s¯ A-Sn-Øm--am-¡n a-§m-
«¨³, Xn--b-t©-cn C-f-bXv, X-s½-]-Wn-¡À, ]m-d-¼n F-¶o m-ep Im-cy-¡m-sc
km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS m-ep kÀ-Æm-[n-Im-cy-¡m-sc-¶v km-aq-Xn-cn N-cn-{X-Im-c³ sI. hn.
Ir-jv-W-¿À43
hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨p Im-Wp-¶pv.
(3) Cu cm-Pm-hv þ m-Sp-hm-gn þ tZ-i-hm-gn kw-hn-[m-hpw cm-Pyw þ m-Sv þ
tZ-iw F-¶o kw-hn-[m-hpw C¶-s¯ `-c-W-kw-hn-[m--¯nsâ a-²y-Im-e-cq-]-am-
42. kmaq-Xn-cn-¡p th-n {]-hr-¯n (m-«p-h-g-¡-a-p-k-cn-¨v C-Xv s]mÀ¯n, s]m-gv-¯n F-¶n-h-bp-am-Imw) sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶-
hÀ F-¶-bÀ-°-¯nÂ C-hÀ {]-hr-¯n-ImÀ AY-hm s]m-gv-¯n-¡mÀ F-¶p ]-d-ªn-cp-¶- Im-cy-nÀ-Æm-l-I-cm-Imw.
F.Un-. 1676þÂ X-d-¡Â C-«n D-®n-cm-ata-tm-sâ a-c-W-s¯-¯p-SÀ-¶v X-d-¡Â D-c-½ ta-tm-sâ Ømm-tcm-l-W-¯n-
p ]-m-c-¡-f-¯nÂ h¨v Ìm-cy-¡msc’ I-v A-hÀ¡pw `s]m-gv-¯n-¡mÀ-¡pw’ ]-Ww Â-In F¶ tIm-gn-t¡m-S³
{K-Ù-h-cn-bn-se ]-cm-aÀ-iw {i-t²-b-amWv. ]-m-c¡-fw F-¶ Ø-ew sÃpw a-äpw ti-J-cn-¡p-¶ km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS `-
c-W-Øm--am-sW-¶m-Wv I-cp-tX-Xv. `s]m-gv-¯n-¡mÀ’ km-aq-Xn-cnbp-sS Im-cy-nÀ-Æm-l-I-cmbpw Ìm-cy-¡mÀ’ {]ap-
J Im-cy-nÀ-Æm-l-I-cmbpw n¶p-sh¶v hm-bn-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶XnÂ n¶pw A-¡me-s¯ A-[n-Im-c-t{i-Wn-bp-sS L-S- Xn-
cn-¨-dn-bm-hp-¶-XmWv.
[hn.hn. l-cn-Zm-kv þ km-aq-Xn-cn-s¸-cp-a, tIcf kmlnXy A¡mUan, 2012. t]Pvþ 71þ72]
43. [K V Krishna Iyer - The Zamorins of Calicut, Normen Printing Bureau, Calicut, 1938.
Page 267]
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bn-cp¶p44
. km-aq-Xn-cn `-c-W-¯n-se A-¡me-s¯ kw-hn-[m-s¯ hn-tZ-i-§-fn-
se hn-tÃ-Pv kw-hn-[m--t¯m-Sv G-sd-¡p-sd tbm-Pn-¡m-hp-¶ X-c-¯nÂ F.Un.
1817þÂ tXma-kv a¬tdm45
Xm-sg-¸-d-bp-¶ {]-Im-cw tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«pv.
“tZ-h-Im-cy-§Ä-¡m-bn o-¡n-h-¨n-«pf-f-sXm-gn-¨p ti-jw FÃm `qan-Ifpw (Cu
cm-Py-s¯ kw-_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw) B-bp-[-hr-¯n-¡m-bn-s¡m-v A-h-Im-i-s¸-Sp-
¯n sIm-Sp-¯n-«p-f-f-h-bm-Ip¶p. H-cp cm-Py-¯nsâ Hmtcm `m-K-§-sfbpw C-{Xm-bn-
cw h-cm-l³ ap-X-se-Sp-¸p-f-f PnÃ-IÄ F-¶p ]-d-bp-¶-Xn-p ]I-cw C-{Xm-bn-cw ]-S-
m-b-I-cp-f-f m-Sp-IÄ F-¶mWp ]-d-ªp-h-¶n-cp-¶Xv. m-Sp-IÄ ]-c-¼-cbm-b {]-`p-
¡-·m-cp-sS Io-gnÂ tZ-i-§-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶p. ]-S-m-b-IXzw {]-[m--am-bn-
cp-¶ A¶-s¯ cm-Py-`m-c-k-{¼-Zm-b-¯nÂ n-¶v B Aw-iw o-¡n-bmÂ B h-I
tZ-im-[n-]-Xn-I-fp-sS tPm-en-IÄ A-y-cm-Py-§-fn-ep-f-f PnÃ-I-fn-se hn-tÃ-Pp-tZym-K-
Ø-·m-cp-sS tPm-en-I-fnÂ n¶pw hf-sc hy-Xym-k-s¸-«n-cp-¶nÃ F-¶pX-s¶ ]-d-
bmw.”
(4) m-Sp-I-fnÂ n¶pw tZ-i-§-fnÂ n¶pw e-`n-¡p-¶ hn-ln-Xw Iq-Sm-sX
km-aq-Xn-cn-sb {][m- cm-Pm-hm-¡n-¯oÀ¯-Xv tIm-gn-t¡m-Sp Xp-d-ap-J-¯nsâ n-
b-{´-Whpw A-d-_n-I-fp-am-bp-f-f N-§m-¯-hp-amWv. Ip-cp-ap-fIpw a-e-©-c-¡p-Ifpw
I-b-än- A-b-bv-¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f G-ä-hpw {][m- I-SÂ-¯o-cw 12þmw q-äm-p-ap-XÂ
tIm-gn-t¡m-Sm-bn cq-]m´-cw {]m-]n-¡p-¶pv. km-aq-Xn-cn-bp-sS a-säm-cp Øn-cw -S-
]-Sn-Ifn-sem-¶m-bn-cp-¶p A-bÂ-cm-Py§-sf B-{I-an-¨p Io-gS-¡n cmPyw A-hÀ-¡pX-
s¶ hn«p-sIm-Sp-¯v k-½m-hpw kzo-I-cn-¨p t]m-cp-Is-b-¶-Xv. C¯c¯nÂ km-aq-
Xn-cn-bp-sS {][m- C-c-Ifn-sem-¶m-bn-cp-¶p sIm¨nsb¶v k-©m-cn-IÄ tc-J-s¸-Sp-
¯p¶p.
(5) F.Un. 1757þÂ km-aq-Xn-cn ]m-e-¡m-Sv cmPyw B-{I-an¨p. ]m-e-¡m-Sv {]-
tZi-s¯ ssa-kqÀ ssk-y-¯n-sâ B-{I-a-W-¯nÂ n¶pw kw-c-£n-¡m-sa-¶
hm-Kv-Zm--¯nÂ ’I-t¿-ä-¯nÂ n¶pw kw-c-£n¡p-¶-Xn-p-f-f n-IpXn’ F-¶ n-e-
bnÂ km-aq-Xn-cn B {]-tZ-i-¯nv Im-hÂ¸-Ww GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶pv. F-¶mÂ ]m-
e-¡m-«p cm-Pm-hv ssa-kq-dn-sâ k-lm-bw tX-Sp-Ibpw ssa-kqÀ sskyw km-aq-Xn-cn-
sb tXmÂ-¸n-bv-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. F.Un. 1766þÂ a-e-_mÀ B-{Ia-n¨p Io-g-S-¡nb
ssl-Z-cm-en 1768þÂ ]n³-hm-§n-sb-¦n-epw 1773þÂ Xn-cn-sI-sb-¯n a-e-_m-dn-s
]qÀ-®-ambpw ssa-kq-cn-v Io-gn-em¡n46
.
(6) F.Un. 1773þÂ `c-Ww ssl-ZÀ t-cn-«p ssI-tbÂ-¡p-Ibpw {io-n-hm-
k-dm-hp K-hÀ-®-dm-bn NmÀ-sÖ-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. ssa-kq-cn-se a-tä-Xp {]-hn-iy-
bn-sebpw t]m-se k-aÀ-°am-b am-Xr-I-bnÂ X-s¶-bm-Wv d-hyq `-c-W k-{¼-Zm-
bw a-e-_m-dnepw -S-¸m-¡-s¸-«Xv. F.Un. 1773 Ime-¯p X-s¶ a-e-_m-dn-sâ n-Ip-
44. [hn.hn. l-cn-Zm-kv þ km-aq-Xn-cn-s¸-cp-a, tIcf kmlnXy A¡mUan, 2012. t]-Pv 55]
45. [ae_mÀ K-k-än-bÀ hm-eyw 1 t]-Pv 366þ67]
46. [hneyw tem-K³ þ a-e-_mÀ am-phÂ, amXr`qan _pIvkv, 2007. t]Pvþ 401þ402 ]
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Xn ]n-cn-¡p-¶-Xnv Hmtcm tZ-i-¯nepw Hcp `]mÀ-h-Xyta-tm-s’bpw aq-¶p `tImÂ-
¡m-c·m-sc’bpw n-b-an-¨n-«p-m-bn-cp¶p. ]m-S-§-sfÃmw A-f-¶v (Pymash) `db-¯vhmcn’
am-Xr-I-bnÂ Ir-jn-¡m-cp-am-bn t-cn-«p sk-änÂ-saâp S-¯n `q-n-Ip-Xn GÀ-s¸-
Sp¯n. sk-änÂ-saânÂ n¶pw ]-d-¼p-IÄ H-gn-hm-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶p.
(7) F.Un. 1784 ap-X-em-Wv a-e-_m-À Sn-¸p-hn-sâ `-c-W¯n³ IognemIp¶Xv.
A-t±-l-¯n-sâ a-e-_mÀ K-hÀ-®-dm-bn-cp-¶ `AÀ-jm-Zv s_-bv-Kv’sâ a-e-_mÀ sk-
änÂ-saân-s-¡p-dn-¨v [m-cm-fw ]-cm-Xn-IÄ D-bÀ-¶-Xn-mÂ cm-a-enw-Kw-]n-f-f-sb-¶
D-tZym-KØ-sâ t-Xr-Xz-¯nÂ -S-¯-s¸-« ]pXn-b em³-Uv kÀ-sÆ-bv-¡p ti-jw
FÃm-hÀ¡pw n-Ip-Xn Xp-ey-am-¡p-hm³ {i-an¨p. Sn¸phn-sâ Ime-¯v a-e-_m-dn-s
m-eq Xp-{In-Ifmbn47
(Xm-eq¡v) hn-`-Pn-¨v m-ep Xp-{In-Zm-c-·m-cp-sS Io-gn-em-bn-cp-
¶p `-cWw. F.Un. 1788þÂ cm-a-enw-Kw ]n-f-f-bps-S t-Xr-Xz-¯nÂ -S-¶ kÀ-sÆ-
bv-¡p ti-jw A--[n-Ir-Xam-b C-m-apIÄ (I-c-sam-gnhv, kÀ-¡mÀ Zm-§Ä)
FÃmwXs¶ kÀ¡mÀ GsäSp¡pIbpmbn. tc-J-IÄ aq-ew Zm-w sX-fn-bn-¡p-
hm³ km-[n-¨-hÀ-¡v B Xo-cp-am-w _m-[-I-am-bn-cp-¶nÃ. GsäSp¡enÂ n¶pw
Øm-]--§-sfbpw an-¡-hmdpw H-gn-hm¡nbncp¶p. C¯cw S]SnIfmÂ kÀ¡mÀ
ap-XenÂ henb hÀ²hmWpmbXv. ssa-kqÀ Ime-¯p -S-¶ d-hyq sk-änÂ-
saânÂ tc-J-I-sfÃmw a-dm-¯ `m-j-bn-em-Wv X-¿m-dm-¡n-bn-cp¶Xv. ssakqÀ `cW
ImeL«¯nÂ hnhn[bnw nIpXnIÄ¡v lp-kqÀ n-IpXn, n-Ip-Xn-¸m-«w F-
¶n-§s-sbm-s¡bpff {]tXyIXcw t]cpIfpamWv nehnepmbncp¶Xv.
(8) `qn-IpXn Cu-Sm-¡p-¶-Xn-v H-cp hn-tÃ-Pv kw-hn-[m-w ssa-kq-cn-v B-
h-iy-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw mSpw tZ-ihpw t]m-epf-f, {]m-Y-an-I-am-bpw bp-²m-h-iyw
ap³-nÀ-¯n cq-]-s¸-Sp¯nb kw-hn[mw C-Xn-p-tbm-Py-am-bn-cp-¶nÃ. BIbmÂ,
Ch-sb ]qÀ-®-ambpw n-jv-{In-b-am-¡n-s¡m-v cm-Pm¡·m-cp-sSbpw m-Sp-hm-gn-am-
cp-sSbpw Ø-m-¯v kp-t_-ZmÀ-amcpw ^m-hv-Pv-Zm-cp-amcpw n-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bpw,
hn-tÃ-Pv kw-hn-[m-w ]p-x-kw-L-Sn-¸n¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN-bvXp. sN-dn-b tZ-i-§-sf-
sbÃmw Iq-«n-t¨À-¯v X-d-I-fpw, mÂ¸-Xp ap-XÂ F¬]-Xp h-sc X-d-I-sf Iq-«n-
t¨À¯p-sIm-v m-Sv AY-hm PnÃ-Ifpw cq-]o-I-cn¨p. X-d-I-fn-te-¡v ]mÀ-h-Xy-¡mc³,
ta-tm³ AY-hm IÀ-®w F-¶n-h-cpw, PnÃ-I-fn-te¡v H-cp X-l-knÂ-Zmcpw c-p
in-c-kv-X-Zmcpw hoXw n-b-an-¡-s¸«p. n-Ip-Xn-]n-cn-hv ]mÀ-h-Xy-¡mc-sâ Np-a-X-e-
bm-bn-cp¶p. C-Xn-p-th- ]n³_-ew Â-Ip-¶-Xn-mbn tZ-i-hm-gn-I-sf-sbÃmw H-
gn-hm-¡n-s¡mv, tZ-i-§-fnÂ n¶p-sam-cp {]-[m-n-sb hn-tÃ-Pn-sâ A-[n-Im-cn-bm-
bn “apJn-Ìv” F-¶ ]-Z-hn-bnÂ n-tbm-Kn¨p. B-Zy-amZyw n-b-an-¡-s¸-« aq-Jn-Ìp-I-
fp-sS Im-e-tijw, kzm-[o--ti-jn-bp-m-bn-cp-¶ tZ-i-hm-gn-IÄ B ]-Z-hn-I-Ä t-
Sn-sb-Sp-¡p-I-bpw, ]-Xn-sb-¸-Xn-sb tZ-i-¯n-sâ t-Xr-Xz-¯n-te-bv-¡v Xncn-sI-sb-
¯p-Ibpw sN-bvXp.
47 []n. sI. _m-e-Ir-jv-W³ þ Sn-¸p kpÂ-¯m³, Un.kn. _pIvkv, 2007. t]Pvþ 167 ]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXLIII
(9) F.Un. 1790þÂ Nm-h-¡m-Sv ap-XÂ I-®qÀ h-sc-bp-f-f {]-tZ-i-§Ä ssa-
kqÀ `-c-W-¯nÂ n¶pw ap-à-ambn. F.Un. 1792þse {io-cw-K-]«-Ww D-S-¼-Sn-IÄ
{]-Im-cw Sn¸p Hu-]-Nm-cn-I-am-bn a-e-_mÀ, Cw-¥o-jp-ImÀ-¡p hn«p-sIm-Sp¯p. C-
XnÂ h-b-m-Sv DÄ-s¸-«n-cp-¶nÃ. F.Un. 1799þse A-h-km-s¯ ssa-kqÀ bp-²-
¯n-p ti-j-am-Wv h-b-m-Sv a-e-_m-dnsâ `m-K-am-bn {_n-«o-jv A-[n-Im-c-¯n-p Io-
gn-em-Ip-¶Xv.
(10) F.Un. 1793þÂ `-c-W-ku-I-cyw ap³-nÀ-¯n a-e-_m-À hS-s¡ a-e-_m-
sd¶pw sX-t¡ a-e-_m-sd¶pw hn-`-Pn-¡-s¸«p. b-Ym-{I-aw X-e-tÈ-cnbpw sNÀ-¸p-f-
tÈ-cn-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p B-Øm-§Ä. Hmtcm hn-`m-Khpw Hmtcm kq-{]-n-sâ Io-gn-
em-bn-cp-¶p. C-cp hn-`m-K-§Ä-¡p-am-bn tIm-gn-¡m-Sv X-e-Øm--am-¡ns¡mv H-cp
kq¸À-sshk-dn No-^v a-Pn-kv-t{S-äv n-b-an-X-m-bn. A-t±-l-¯n-m-bn-cp-¶p kq-{]-
p-am-cp-sS s]m-Xp-taÂ-tm«w. F.Un. 1800þÂ a-e-_m-dn-s t_mw-s_ {]-kn-
U³-kn-bnÂ n¶pw Hgnhm¡ns¡mv a-{Zm-kv {]-kn-U³-kn-bp-sS `m-K-
am¡pIbpmbn. XpSÀ¶v, F.Un. 1805-1810 Im-e-¯v hmÀ-U³ F-¶ D-tZym-K-
Ø³ Cu {]-tZi-¯v H-cp {]m-Yan-I kÀ-sÆ -S-¯p-I-bp-mbn. {]kvXpX
kÀsÆsb XpSÀ¶v X-¿m-dm¡n-b c-Pn-Ì-dp-I-fm-bn-cp¶p Ir-Xy-X-¡p-d-hn-n-
Sbm¡nbncps¶¦nepw sk-änÂ-saâ v Im-ew h-scbpff a-e-_m-dn-se `q-an kw-_-
Ôn-¨ G-ähpw {]m-am-Wn-Iam-b tc-J. ]-d-¼p-I-fp-sSbpw (]-d-¼n-sâ hn-hcw, A-Xn-
ep-f-f hr-£-§-fp-sS F®w, Im^-ew Xp-S-§nb-h) n-e-§-fp-sSbpw (n-e-§-fp-sS
F®w, t]-cpIÄ, hn-kv-XoÀ-®w,]m-«w Xp-S-§nbh) hn-i-Zmw-i§Ä D-S-a-Ø³ AY-
hm ssI-h-i-¡m-c-nÂ n¶pw hm-§p-¶ k-Xy-hm-Mv-aq-e-¯n-sâ A-Sn-Øm--¯n-Â
tc-J-s¸-Sp-¯n-bp-am-Wv ln-´p-hn F-¶pw, P-·n ss]-amjv AY-hm Af-hp ss]-am-jv
F-¶padn-b-s¸-Sp-¶ A-Sn-Øm-tc-JIÄ k-©-bn-¨Xv. XpSÀ¶v C-XnÂ-s¸« n-e-
§-fp-sS kÀ-sÆbpw -S-¯p-I-bp-mbn48
.
(11) apJn F¶ DtZymKØ³ I¼n-bp-sS `-c-W-Im-e-¯pw hn-tÃ-Pn-sâ {]-
[m-m-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn Xp-SÀ-¶p-sh-¦nepw `-c-W-¯n-sâ tI{µ§Ä slm-_m-en AY-
hm PnÃm `-c-W-Øm-]--§-fm-bn amdn. {]-hr-¯nI-sf Iq-«n-t¨À-¯v ]-¯p ap-XÂ
C-cp]-Xp h-sc hn-tÃ-PpI-sf DÄ-s¡m-f-fp-¶-h-bm¡n. PnÃm `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-b I-
f-Î-dnÂ n¶pw km-[m-c-W d-b-¯n-te¡p-f-f Zqcw Cu kw-hn-[m-w Iq-«p-¶-tX-
bpf-fp F¶ tXma-kv a¬-tdm-bp-sS hn-e-bn-cp-¯-en-sâ A-Sn-Øm--¯nÂ, C¶pw
n-e-hn-ep-f-f Aw-iw kw-hn-[m-w F.Un. 1822þÂ -S-¸n-em-¡-s¸«p. tZ-i-§sf
(C-h 2,212 F-®-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p) 429 Aw-i-§-fm-bn ]p--x-kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw, ]-
c-amh-[n tZ-i-hm-gn-I-sf C-h-bp-sS Npa-X-e Â-In A-[n-Im-cn F-¶ t]-cnÂ n-
tbm-Kn-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. A-[n-Im-cn-sb k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-mbn Hmtcm Aw-i-
¯nepw H-cp ta-tm³ AY-hm A-¡u-â v, tImÂ-¡m-c³ AY-hm in-]m-bn F-
¶n-h-scbpw n-b-an¨p.
48 [ae_mÀ K-k-än-bÀ. hm-eyw 1 t]-Pv þ332]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XLIV
(12) `q-an-IÄ-¡v Ir-Xyam-b hn-`-P-§-tfm, n-e-§-sfbpw ]-d-¼p-I-tfbpw
kw-_-Ôn-¡p-¶ cPn-Ì-dp-I-tfm, `q-n-Ip-Xn-sb-¡p-dn-¨p-f-f G-ItZ-i [m-cW t]meptam
CÃm-s¯m-cp km-l-N-cy-am-Wv ssl-Z-c-en-bp-sS Ime-¯v nehnepmbncp¶Xv.
kz-Im-cy F-kv-tä-äp-I-sf¶ t]m-se I-v n-Ip-Xn Np-a-¯p¶ coXnbmWv a-e-_m-
dnÂ n-e-nÂ-¡p-¶-sX-¶pw n-Ip-Xn-nÀ-®-b-¯n-p th- A-SnØm- hn-h-c-§-
fp-sS A-`m-h-¯nÂ G-ähpw nÀ-²-m-b d-b-¯m-Wv G-ähpapbÀ¶ n-Ip-Xn A-S-
bv-t¡-n h-cp-¶-sX-¶ hn-tcm-[m-`m-kw n-b-{´n-¡p-¶-Xn-p t]mepw X-§Ä A-
ià-cm-sW-¶papff I-f-ÎÀ a-Ivhm-t«-gv-kn-sâ F.Un. 1880þse dn-t¸mÀ-«m-bn-cp-
¶p a-e-_mÀ sk-änÂ-saân-p hgnsXfn¨Xv. F.Un. 1888-1904 Im-e¯m-Wv a-e-
_m-dnÂ sk-än-Â-saâ v -S-]-Sn-IÄ -S-¶Xv. F.Un. 1905þÂ FÃm Xm-eq-¡p-I-fp-
tSbpw sk-änÂ-saâ v -S-]-Sn-IÄ ]q-À-¯n-bm-bn. Xp-SÀ¶v, F.Un. 1923-1935 Im-e-
L-«-¯nÂ do-kÀ-sÆ sk-änÂ-saâ v -S-]-Sn-Ifpw ]q-À-¯n-bm¡n.
(13) sk-änÂ-saâ v kÀ-sÆ-bnÂv Aw-i-¯n-p ]I-cw tZ-i-s¯-bm-Wv A-
SnØm- G-I-I-am-bn-s«-Sp-¯Xv. PnÃm-X-e-¯nÂ H-cp I-f-Î-dpw, X-e-tÈcn, ]m-e-
¡mSv, a-e-¸pdw, tIm-gn-t¡mSv, sIm-¨n F-¶nhbv-¡v k-_v I-f-ÎÀ AY-hm sU-]yq-
«n I-f-ÎÀ-am-cpw F-¶ co-Xn-bnÂ PnÃm `-c-W-kw-hn-[m-hpw cq-]-s¸«p. h-b-m-Sv
Un-hn-j-nÂ n¶pw Ip-dp-{¼-m-Sv Xm-eq-¡n-s tIm-gn-t¡m-Sn-tmSp tNÀ-¯pw, h-
b-m-Sv Un-hn-j-nÂ A-h-ti-jn-¨ `q-hn-`m-K§-sf H-cp Xm-eq-¡m-¡n-s¡m-v h-b-
m-Sp Un-hn-j³ nÀ-¯-em-¡n-b-Xpw 1924þÂ B-bn-cp¶p. sIm-¨n-sbm-gn-sI asäÃm-
bnS¯pw Xm-eq-¡nÂ H-cp X-l-knÂ-Zmcpw Hcp sU-]yq-«n X-l-knÂ-Zmcpw ho-X-hpw
s]m-¶m-n Xm-eq-¡nÂ am-{Xw c-p sU-]yq-«n X-l-knÂ-ZmÀamcpw D-m-bn-cp¶p.
(14) {_o-«o-jv `-c-W-Ime-¯v sk-änÂ-saâ v -S-]-Sn-IÄ- -S-¶ a-äp `m-K-§-
fn-se¶-Xp t]mse ae_m-dnepw d-b-¯vhm-cn k-{¼-Zm-bw X-s¶-bm-Wv -S-¸n-em-
¡n-b-Xv. F-¶mÂ `d-b-¯vv’ F-¶ s]m-Xp-kw-Ú-bnÂ `q-hp-S-a-I-sf-¶ n-e-bnÂ Io-
gv-¡p-Sn-bm-·m-cnÂ n¶pw ]m-«w ]-äp-¶-h-cpw, A-sÃ-¦nÂ C-S-¯-«p-Im-sc-¶ n-e-
bnÂ `q-hp-S-a-bv-¡p ]m-«w sIm-Sp-¡p-hmpw Io-gv-¡p-Sn-bm-·m-cnÂ n¶pw ]m-«w ]-äp-
hmpw Np-a-X-e-s¸-«-hcpw DÄ-s¸-«n-cp¶p. Iq-SmsX, a-{Zm-kv ssl-t¡m-S-Xn-bp-sS
78/1888 -¼À sk-¡³-Uv A-¸o-en-se hn-[n-bnÂ “Malabar pattadar was not a land
holder within the meaning of the Revenue Recovery act unless he were also the Janmi” F-¶p
{]-Jym-]n-¨-Xpw, F.Un. 1864þse IIþmw B-ÎnÂ a-e-_mÀ ]-«m-ZmÀ F-¶-Xn-sâ nÀ-
ÆNw `FÃm _m-²y-X-I-fnÂ n-¶pw hn-ap-àamb ssI-hiw (free of all encumbrances)
F-¶m-¡n am-än-bXpw A-ÊÂ d-b-¯vhm-cn k-{¼-Zm-b-¯nÂ ns¶mcp am-äw {]-I-
S-am-¡n F-¶ n-co£-Ww {]-_-e-amWv49
. a-e-_m-dnÂ -S-¸p-m-bn-cp-¶ Ip-Sn-bm-bv-
a-IÄ sIm¨n, Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ F-¶n-hn-S-§-fn-te-Xp t]m-se X-s¶-bm-bn-cp¶p. F-
¶mÂ h-n-f-¨Â-ta-n-]m«w, ]p-InÂ-hnh-cw A-¡u-v, IpÂ-hmÀ Nn-ä F-¶o hm-¡p-
IÄ hy-Xy-kv-X-§-fm-bn n-e-nÂ-¡p-Ibpw sN-¿p¶p. F.Un. 1956þem-Wv a-Zn-cm-
49 [hneyw tem-K³ þ a-e-_mÀ am-phÂ, amXr`qan _pIvkv, 2007. t]Pvþ 409--þ410 ]
[ae_mÀ KkänbÀ. hmeywþ 1. 2007. t]Pvþ 342.]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXLV
in kw-Ø-m-¯p n¶pw thÀ-s]-«v a-e-_mÀ tI-c-f kw-Øm--¯n-sâ `m-K-am-Ip-
¶Xv.
16. ImkÀ-tKmUv {]tZis¯ dhyq S]SnIfpsS Bcw`wþ (1) _Zv-q-
cnÂ n-¶-p-f-f C-t¡-cn m-bn-¡-·mÀ-¡v sIm-Sp-¡m-sa-t¶-ä I-¸w I-s-¯p-¶-Xn-
p-f-f {i-a-§-fm-Wv F.Un. 1732þÂ `q-n-Ip-Xn ]n-cn-¡p-¶-XnÂ o-te-iz-cw cm-Pm-
hn-s sIm-s-¯n-¡p-¶Xv. F.Un. 1776þÂ ssl-Z-cm-en-bp-sS Io-gnse ssa-kqÀ
`-c-W-Im-e-¯v, tc-t¯ a-e-_m-dnÂ hn-h-cn-¨ {]-Im-c-¯n-ep-f-f `-c-W-k-{¼-Zm-bw
Cu {]-tZ-i¯pw n-e-hnÂ h¶p. F.Un. 1799þÂ Sn-¸p kpÂ-¯m-sâ ]-X--t¯msS
Cu {]-tZ-iw {_n-«o-jv A-[-o-X-bnÂ h-cn-I-bpw, F.Un. 1862þÂ D-¯-cþZ£n-W
Im--d-I-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-¡-s¸-«v D-¯-c Im-d t_mw-s_ {]-kn-U³-kn-bn-epw, ImkÀ-
tKm-Uv {]-tZ-i-apÄ-s¡m-f-fp-¶ Z£n-W Im--d a-{Zm-kv {]-kn-U³-kn-bn-ep-am-bn
{_n-«o-jv `-c-W-kw-hn-[m--¯n-p Io-gnÂ h-cn-Ibpw sN-bvXp.
(2) ssl-ZÀ n-Ý-bn-¨n-cp-¶ n-Ip-Xn n-c-¡p-IÄ X-s¶ kÀ tXma-kv a¬-
tdm-bp-sS Im-e-¯p -S-¶ d-h-yq sk-änÂ-saânepw Xp-S-cp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. ImkÀ-
tKm-Un-p sXm-«p-tNÀ-¶p In-S-¡p-¶ a-e-_m-dnÂ “P·w” A-h-Im-iw Imc-Ww “kz-
Im-cy F-kv-tä-äp-I-fm”-bn `q-an-sb ]-cn-K-Wn-t¡-n h-cn-I-bpw, C-§s-sbm-cp k-
hn-ti-jam-b A-p-`-h-{I-aw n-e-hn-enÃm-¯ ImkÀ-tKm-Uv {]tZi¯v `q-hp-Sa-sb
km-[m-c-W db-¯vhm-cn ]-«m-Zmcm-tbm ]m-«-¡p-Sn-bmmtbm am{Xw I-W-¡mt¡-
nbpw h¶-Xv n-Ip-Xn-nÀ-®-b-¯nÂ G-ä-¡p-d-¨n-en-p Im-c-W-am-bn-cp¶p. ku-
¯v Im--d-bnÂ n-IpXn, A-äm-Zm-b-¯n-sâ cn-sem¶m-bn-cn-s¡, a-e-_m-dnÂ C-
Xv aq¶n-sem-¶p am-{X-am-bn-cp¶p.
(3) sk-änÂ-saâ v Im-e¯v (F.Un. 1888-1904) ku-¯v Im--d PnÃ-bnÂ
A-©p Xm-eq-¡p-I-fm-Wv D-m-bn-cp-¶Xv. A-Xn-s aq-¶p Un-hn-j³ B-bn hn-`-Pn-
¨n-cp-¶p. Un-hn-jWÂ Hm-ô-k-dp-sS Io-gnÂ Ht¶m A-Xn-e-[n-Itam Xm-eq-¡p-IÄ
D-m-bn-cp¶p. D-¸n--§mSn, ImkÀ-tKm-Uv Xm-eq-¡p-I-fp-sS Npa-X-e ]p-¯qÀ sU-
]yq-«n I-f-ÎÀ-¡m-bn-cp¶p. F¶mÂ ImkÀ-tKm-Uv Xm-eq-¡mIs« X-l-knÂ-Zm-cp-
sS Io-gn-em-bn-cp¶p. Xm-eq-¡pIÄ 24 am-K-okpIfmbpw (Maganese) Bbpw am-K-o-
kpIÄ 243 hn-tÃ-Pp-I-fmbpw hn-`-Pn-bv-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶p50
. s]m-t«Â (potel) F¶v Hu-
tZym-Kn-I-am-bn m-a-Ic-Ww sN-¿-s¸-« hn-tÃ-Pv Hm-ô-kÀ m-«p-`m-j-bnÂ ]t«Â
AYhm ]-t«-eÀ F-¶-dn-b-s¸«p. hn-tÃPv Hm-ô-k-dp-sS Io-gnÂ jm³-t_-Kv F-¶
hn-tÃ-Pv A-¡u-âpw D-{Km-Wn F-¶ hn-tÃ-Pvampw n-e-hn-ep-m-bn-cp¶p.
skänÂsaânp tijw 1923þ 1928 ImeL«§fnembn ImkÀtKmUv `mK¯pw
1927þ 1935 ImeL«§fnembn slmkvZpÀKv `mK§fnepw dokÀth S]SnIfpw
S¶ncp¶p. ]n¶oSv `m-jm-Sn-Øm--¯nepff kwØm- cq-]o-I-c-W-t¯m-sS ku-
¯v Im--d-bp-sS `m-K-am-bn-cp-¶ ImkÀ-tKm-Uv Xm-eq-¡v tI-c-f-¯n-sâ `m-K-am-bn I-
50 [Madras District Manual (South Canara) Vol. II, Page- 247; Malabar Gazattier]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XLVI
®qÀ PnÃ-tbmSv Iq-«n-t¨À-¡-s¸«p. 1984þÂ kz-X-{ám-b H-cp PnÃ-bm-Ip¶-Xp h-
sc ImkÀ-tKm-Uv I-®q-cn-sâ `m-K-am-bn n-e-sImp.
17. tI-c-fw H-scm-ä d-h-yq `-c-W-¯n-p Io-gnÂþ (1) sF-Iy-tI-cfw hn`mhw
sNbvXpsImpff BZy {]-ta-b-§fn-sem-¶v 1928 G-{]n-enÂ F-d-Wm-Ipf-¯p
Iq-Sn-b- m-«p-cm-Py {]-Pm-k-t½f-w Aw-Ko-I-cn-¨ sF-Iy-tI-c-f {]-ta-b-am-bncp¶p.
1940þp ti-jw C-ý-bp-sS kzm-X-{ý-{]m-]v-Xn kp-n-Ýn-X-am-b-t¸mÄ sF-Iy-tI-
c-f {]-Øm--¯npw i-àn hÀ-²n¨p. A-Xn-sâ `m-K-am-bn 1947 G-{]n-enÂ Xr-Èq-
cnÂ h-¨v sI. tI-f¸-sâ A-²y-£-X-bnÂ sF-Iy-tI-c-f k-t½f-w -S¶p. 1949
Pq-sse 1þmw Xob-Xn Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iqdpw sIm-¨nbpw kw-tbm-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bpw Xn-cp-
hn-Xmw-IqÀþsIm-¨n kw-Øm-w P-·-sa-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. kw-Øm--¯n-sâ B-
Øm-w Xn-cp-h--´-]p-c¯pw ssl-t¡mS-Xn F-d-Wm-Ip-f¯pw B-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-
¶p Xo-cp-am-n-¡-s¸-«p. 1954 Ime-s¯ {]-Pm tkm-jy-en-kv-äv ]mÀ-«n `-c-W-Ime-¯v
Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ X-an-gv-m-Sv tIm¬-{K-kmIs« sX-¡³ Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se X-an-gv
{]-tZ-i-§Ä sXm-«-Sp-¯p-f-f a-Zn-cm-in kw-Øm--t¯m-Sv tNÀ-¡-W-sa-¶m-h-iy-s¸«p-
sIm-v kp-i-àam-b H-cp {]-t£m-`w B-cw-`n¨p.1956þse kwØm- ]p--xkw-
LS-m n-b-a-{]-Im-cw tXm-hm-f, A-K-kv-Xo-izcw, IÂ-¡pfw, hn-fh³-tIm-Sv F-¶o
Xm-eq-¡p-Ifpw sN-t¦m-« Xm-eq-¡n-sâ H-cp `m-Khpw Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀþsIm-¨n-bnÂ
n¶pw thÀ-s]-Sp-¯n a-Zn-cm-in kw-Øm--t¯m-Sp- tNÀ¯p. ti-jn-¨ Xn-cpþsIm-
¨n kw-Øm--t¯m-Sv a-e-_mÀ PnÃbpw sX-¡³ Im--d PnÃ-bn-se ImkÀ-tKm-Uv
Xm-eq¡pw tNÀ-¯v 1956 -hw_À 1þmw XobXn sF-Iy-tIc-fw cq]oIrXambn.
1957þÂ tI-cf t_mÀ-Uv Hm-^v d-hyq B-Îpw, I-f-Î-tdäv, BÀ.Un.Hm., Xm-eq¡v,
^À-¡, hn-tÃ-Pv Hm-ô-kv kw-hn-[m--§fpw n-e-hnÂ h¶p. d-h-yq h-Ip-¸nÂ nÀ-
®m-b-I Xo-cp-am--§Ä ssI-s¡m-n-cp-¶ d-hyq t_mÀ-UnÂ A©v sF.F.F-
kv. D-tZym-K-ØÀ Aw-K-§-fm-bp-m-bn-cp-¶p.
(2) tI-c-f-¯n-se `q-hp-S-a-Ifpw Ip-Sn-bm-·mcpw X-½nÂ n-e-n-¶ncp¶ _-
Ô-¯n-sâ k-¦oÀ-®-X-bnÂ 19þmw q-äm-p a-pXÂ `q-n-b-a-§-fp-sS ]-cn-jvIc-Ww
B-h-iy-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se B-Zy-s¯ `q-n-b-a nÀ-½m-W-§fn-sem-
¶m-Wv sIm-Ãw 1040 (F.Un. 1865)þse ]m-«w hn-fw-_cw. Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ {]-
tZi-s¯ Ir-jn-¡m-cp-sS àm-ám ImÀ-«’ F-¶p hn-ti-jn-¸n-¡s¸-Sp-¶ Cu hn-fw_-
cw aq-ew ]-mc-h-I ]m-« h-kv-Xp-¡-fp-sS ssI-h-i-¡mÀ-¡v A-h-bnt·Â ]qÀ-®m-
h-Im-iw kn-²n¨p51
. ]m«-¯n-Ãm-sX `q-an Â-Ip-hm³ kÀ-¡m-cn-p km-[n-¡m-sX-
bn-cn-¡p-I-bpw, ]m«w sIm-Sp¡p-I F-¶ _m²y-X Imc-Ww kÀ-¡m-cnÂ n¶pw `q-
an ssI-tbÂ-¡p-hm³ Ip-Sn-bm-·mÀ hn-k-½-Xn-¡p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xn-cp-¶ Cu Im-e-L-
«-¯nÂ D-Â]m-Zn-¸n-bv-¡p-hm³ km-[n-¨n-cp-¶ sÃn-t-¡mÄ hn-e-sbm-¶pw Cu `q-
an-IÄ-¡v IÂ-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶nÃ. ]m-«w ]n-cn-s¨-Sp-¡m-m-Is«, kÀ-¡m-cn-v F-fp-¸-
51 [sXc-sª-Sp-¯ cm-PIo-b hn-fw-_-c§Ä, kwØm ]pcmtcJm hIp¸v, tIcf kÀ¡mÀ,
2005. t]Pvþ 317]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXLVII
hp-am-bn-cp-¶nÃ. B A-h-Ø-bv-¡v s]m-Sp¶-s H-cp am-ä-ap-m-hp-I-bpw, kÀ-¡m-cn-
te-bv-¡v h³-tXm-XnÂ ]m-«w F-¯p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp F-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p ap-XÂ-]n-Sn
AY-hm d-h-yq-hn-sâ Im-gv-N-¸m-SnÂ Cu hn-fw-_-c-¯n-sâ {]-kàn52
.
(3) sImÃhÀjw 1005 (F.Un. 1830)þse tdm-bÂ F-Un-Îpw, sImÃhÀjw
1042 (F.Un. 1867)þse P-·n hn-fw-_-c-hp-am-Wv Im-Ww `q-hp-Sa-Ø-X kw-_-Ôn-
¨pm-b Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-IqÀ n-b-a-§-fnÂ B-Zy-t¯-Xv. sImÃw 1042þse hn-fw-_-c-
¯nÂ P-·n-am-cp-tSbpw Ip-Sn-bm-·m-cp-tSbpw A-h-Im-i-§fpw Np-a-X-e-Ifpw hy-à-
am-¡-s¸«p. Im-W-¨mÀ-¯v 12 h-À-j-¯n-p ti-jw s]m-fn-s¨-gp-Xm-sa-¶pw, Ip-Sn-bm-
s H-gn-hm-¡m-sa-¶p-ap-f-f -S-¸p-I-fpw, ]m-«w Ir-Xy-am-bn Â-Im-¯-]-£w Ip-Sn-bm-
s H-gn-hm-¡m-sa-¶p-apf-f P-·n-¡v A-p-Iq-e-am-b hy-h-Ø-Isfbp-amWv Cu hn-
fw_-cw aq-ew {]-[m--ambpw Hgnhm¡-s¸-«Xv. F-¶mÂ Cu hn-fw-_-cw D-t±-in-¨
^-ew sN-bv-Xn-sÃ-¶p I-m-Wv sImÃw 1071 (F.Un. 1896)þÂ P-·nþIp-Sn-bm³ d-
Kp-te-j³ B-Îv ]m-Êm-¡n-bXv. sImÃw 1108 (F.Un. 1933)þse t`-ZK-Xn {]-Im-
cw Im-W-¡p-Sn-bm³ P-·n¡-cw am{Xw sIm-Sp-¯mÂ a-Xn-sb-¶ hy-h-Ø-bnÂ A-
hÀ-¡v h-kv-Xp-hn-t·Â ]-cn-]qÀ-®am-b D-S-a-Øm-h-Im-iw Øm-]n-¨p In«n. A-{]-Im-
cw 1941þÂ {]-kn-²o-I-cn-¨ P-·n¡-cw sk-änÂ-saâ v c-Pn-ÌÀ A-p-k-cn-¨v Ip-Sn-bm-
nÂ n-¶v hmÀjn-I P-·n¡cw Cu-Sm-¡n P-·n-¡p Â-Ip-¶ C-S-n-e-¡m-c-m-bn
X-l-knÂ-ZmÀ n-b-an-¡-s¸-«p. 1961þÂ P-·n¡-cw t]-bv-saâ v A-t_m-fn-j³ B-Îv
n-e-hnÂ h-cn-Ibpw P-·n¡-cw sk-änÂ-saâ v Hm-^o-k-À-amsc n-b-an-¡p-Ibpw sN-
bvXp.
(4) H-gn-¸n-¡Â X-S-bp-¶-Xnpw Ip-Sn-bm-·mÀ-¡v A-h-Im-i-Øn-c-X Â-Ip-
¶-Xn-p-am-Wv sIm-¨n-bnÂ B-Zy-am-bn `q-n-b-a ]-cn-jv-Im-c-§Ä -S-¸n-em-¡-s¸-«Xv.
Im-W-¡p-Sn-bm-s 12 hÀ-jw ]qÀ-¯n-bm-¡p-¶-Xn-p ap³-]v H-gn-¸n-¡p¶-Xp X-S-bp-
¶ H-cp Xo-«p-cw sImÃw 1038 (F.Un. 1863)þÂ {]m-_-ey-¯nÂ h¶p. H-cp XmÂ-
¡m-en-Im-izm-k -S]-Sn am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p AXv. F.Un. 1885þp ap-¼pm-b Im-
Ww h-kv-Xp-¡-fnÂ A-h-Im-iw Øn-c-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-pw, Ip-Sn-bm-·m-cp-sS tZ-l-
Þ-¯n-p -ã-]-cn-lm-cw sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xnpw sImÃhÀjw 1090 (F.Un. 1915)þÂ
H-cp Ip-Sn-bmbv-a nb-aw -S-¸n-embn. Cu n-ba-s¯ A-Øn-c-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-v
sImÃhÀjw 1113 (F.Un. 1938)þÂ ]m-km¡nb sIm-¨n Ip-Sn-bm-bv-am n-b-aw
1885-1915þpw C-S-bv-¡pm-b Im-Ww h-kv-Xp-¡Ä-¡p kp-c-£n-XXzw Â-Ip-
Ibpw Ip-Sn-bm-s H-gn-¸n-¡p-¶-XnÂ Iq-Sp-XÂ n-b-{´-W§Ä GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw
sN-bv-Xp53
. 1944þÂ C-Xn-p Nn-e t`-Z-K-Xn-IÄ h¶p.1955-se Im-W-¡p-Sn-bmbv-a
B-Îv A-p-k-cn-¨v Im-W-¡p-Sn-bm³ `p-hp-S-a-bmbn amdn. P-·n-¡p-f-f hn-ln-Xw Ip-Sn-
bm-nÂ n¶pw kÀ-¡mÀ ]n-cn-¨p Â-Ip-¶Xp nbaam¡s¸«p. 1976þÂ Cu
52 [tdm-_n³ sP{^n þ m-bÀ ta-[m-hn-Xz-¯n-sâ ]-Xw, Un.kn. _pIvkv, 2013. t]-Pv 124]
53 [F. {io-[-cta-tm³ þ tIc-f-N-cn{Xw, Un.kn. _pIvkv, 2011. t]Pv-þ389]
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 XLVIII
nb-aw nÀ-¯-em¡ns¡mv P-·n¡-cw H-ä-¯-h-W-bmbn Cu-Sm-¡p-¶-Xn-v Im-
Ww sk-änÂ-saâ v Hm-^nk-sd Np-a-X-e-s¸-Sp¯pIbpmbn.
(5) a-e-_m-dnÂ Iq-sS-¡q-sS -S¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶ H-gn-¸n-¡-epw `m-cn-¨ ]m-«w
Np-a-¯-epw n-an-¯w `q-hp-S-abpw Ip-Sn-bmpw X-½n-ep-f-f _-Ôw h-j-fm-bn-s¡m-
n-cp¶p. PnÃ-bn-se k-am-[m-s¯ `RvPn¡p¶ Xc¯nepff Kp-cp-X-cam-b A-
kzm-Øy-§Ä-¡v A-Xp h-gn sX-fn¨p. Chsb-¡p-dn-¨v A-tz-jn¨ temK³, Nn-e {]-
tXy-I X-cw Ip-Sn-bm-·mÀ-¡v A-h-Im-i-Øn-c-X Â-I-W-sa-¶p ip-]mÀ-i sN-bvXp.
A-X-p-k-cn¨v, hÀ-²n-¨p sIm-n-cp-¶ H-gn-¸n-¡Â X-S-bm³ 1887þse a-e-_mÀ Ip-
Sn-bm³ Ip-gn-¡qÀ N-a-b B-Îv ]m-km-¡-s¸-«p. {]-kvXp-X n-b-aw 1900þÂ t]m-cmbv-
a ]-cn-l-cn-¨p t`-Z-s¸-Sp¯nsb¦nepw `m-cn-¨ ]m-«w Np-a-¯epw H-gn-¸n-¡epw ]n-
s¶bpw Xp-SÀ¶p-sIm-n-cp¶p. ]-e-X-c-¯nÂs¸-« Ip-Sn-bm-·mÀ-¡v A-hIm-i kp-
c-£n-X-Xzw Â-Ip-¶-Xnpw k-¦-S-¡mÀ-¡v kn-hnÂ tIm-S-Xn-I-fnÂ n-¶pw ym-
bam-b ]m-«w n-Ý-bn-¨p In-«p-¶-Xnpw hn-]p-eam-b hIp-¸p-IÄ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-
p-f-f-Xm-bn-cp-¶p 1930þse a-e-_mÀ Ip-Sn-bmbv-a BÎv. H-gn-¸n-¡Â X-S-bp-¶-Xnpw
Ip-Sn-bm-·m-cp-sS XmÂ-¸-cy-§Ä Iq-Sp-XÂ Im-cy-£-a-am-bn kw-c-£n-bv-¡p-¶-Xnpw
thn Cu B-ÎnÂ 1945, 1951, 1954 F-¶o hÀ-j-§-fnÂ t`-ZK-XnIÄ
hcp¯pIbpmbn54
.
(5) ASnØm `qnIpXn F¶ Bibw BZyw S¸nembXv
XncphnXmwIqdnembncp¶p. XncpþsIm¨n kwtbmP¯np tijw am{XamWv
sIm¨nbnÂ C¯csamcp GIoIrX nba hyhØ S¸nÂ h¶Xv. F¶mÂ
kwtbmP¯np tijhpw (1949 Pqsse 1) 1955 se XncpþsIm¨n `qnIpXn
nbaw S¸nemb 1.04.1956 hscbpw XncphnXmwIqdpw sIm¨nbpw X§fpsS
{]tXyIamb nIpXn k{¼Zmb§Ä Xs¶bmWv XpSÀ¶p h¶ncp¶Xv. 1957
sk]väw_À 1 v XncpþsIm¨n `qnIpXn(t`Zs¸Sp¯Â) nbaw tIcfsam«msI
S¸nÂ hcp¯nb tijw am{XamWv ae_mÀ C¯csamcp nIpXn
hyhØbnte¡v amdp¶Xv. AXphscbpw 1934 se skänÂsaâ v {]Imcapff
nIpXn nÀ®b coXnIfmWv ae_mdnÂ ]n´pSÀ¶p t]m¶ncp¶Xv. 1955 se
XncpþsIm¨n `qnIpXn nbaw 1960 Unkw_dnÂ kp{]owtImSXn
d±m¡nbtXmSpIqSn kwØm kÀ¡mÀ 1961 se `qnIpXn nba¯nv cq]w
ÂIpIbpmbn. CtXmsS tIcfamsI Hcp GIoIrX `qnIpXn k{¼Zmb¯np
IognemhpIbpw sNbvXp.
(6) 1960þÂ ]m-km-¡-s¸-« tI-c-f ImÀjnI _Ônb-aw hn-¹-h-I-cam-b
H-cp `q-]-cn-jv-Im-c-S]Snbm-bn-cp¶p. Cu nb-aw Ip-Spw-_¯n-tm {]m-b-]qÀ-¯n-
sb¯n-b H-cp hn-hm-ln-Xtm ssIh-iw h-bv-¡m-hp-¶ `q-an-bp-sS ]-cn-[n nÀ-®-
bn¨p. IqSmsX Cu nb-aw sIm-p Ip-Sn-bm-·mÀ-¡v A-h-Im-i-Øn-c-Xbpw H-gn-¸n-
¡-enÂ n¶pw kw-c-£-Whpw em³-Uv ss{S-_yq-W-ep-I-fnÂ n¶pw ym-bam-b
54 [F. {io-[-cta-tm³ þ tIc-f-N-cn{Xw, Un.kn. _pIvkv, 2011. t]Pvþ 389þ390 ]
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I½ojWtdäv amzÂXLIX
]m-«w n-Ý-bn-¨p In-«m-p-f-f ku-I-cyhpw e-`n-¨p. 1963þÂ Cu nbaw tIc-f
ssl-t¡mS-Xn d±m¡nbXns¯pSÀ¶v kÀ-¡mÀ 1963þÂ tI-c-f `q-]-cn-jvI-c-W
nb-aw ]m-km¡n. Cu B-Îv ]pXn-b Ip-Sn-bm-bv-aI-sf kr-ãn-¡p¶-Xp n-tcm-[n-¡p-
I-bpw, Ip-Sn-bm-sâ kw-c£-Ww Dd-¸p h-cp-¯p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. Iq-SmsX, H-cp Ip-Spw-
_-¯n-sâ ssIh-iw h-bv-¡m-hp-¶ `q-an-bp-sS ]-cn-[n n-Ý-bn-bv-¡p-Ibpw sN-bvXp.
(7) kwØm cq]oIcWtijhpw XpSÀ¶p h¶ncp¶ dhyq, hntÃPv
F¶n§s cv hn`mK§fmbpÅ dhyq hIp¸nsâ {]hÀ¯w 1984 se
dhyq þ hntÃPv kwtbmP¯neqsS H¶mbn amdpIbpmbn. XpSÀ¶v 1996
se tIcf dhyq t_mÀUv nÀ¯em¡Â nba{]Imcw A¡mes¯ dhyq
`cW kwhn[m¯nsâ kncmtI{µambncp¶ dhyq t_mÀUv nÀ¯em¡pIbpw
B Øm¯v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdäv nehnÂ hcnIbpw kwØms¯
dhyq hIp¸nsâ `cW nb{´Ww em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdnÂ
n£n]vXamhpIbpw sNbvXp. hopw ImXemb amä§tfmsS 14.10.1998
{]m_ey¯nÂ dhyq hIp¸v ]pxkwLSn¸n¡s¸«p. ]pxkwLSbpsS
`mKambn kwØms¯ ^À¡ HmôkpIÄ nÀ¯em¡pIbpw AUojWÂ
XlknÂZmÀ (Ct¸mgs¯ `qtcJ XlknÂZmÀ) XkvXnIIÄ cq]hÂ¡cn
¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Chsbms¡ hntÃPv `cW¯nepw henb amä§Ä¡nSbm¡n.
Ccp]Xmw qämnsâ Ahkm ZiI¯nepw Ccp]¯nH¶mw qämnsâ
BZyZiI¯nepw temIsa§pw sshÚmnI, kmt¦XnI taJeIfnepmb
A`qX]qÀÆamb hfÀ¨ `cWcwK§fnepw henb amä§Ä¡v CSbm¡n.
kmt¦XnI apt¶äw `cWcwK¯v AXnibIcamb amä§fmWv krjvSn¨Xv.
CþKthW³knsâ `mKambn CþUnkv{SnIväv, Cþ t]bvsaâ v, BÀ.BÀþ
Hm¬sse³, ReLIS, CþHmôkv F¶p XpS§n dhyq `cWhpw sXm®qdpIÄ¡p
tijw ImXemb amä§Ä¡p hnt[bambn.
18. amzÂ ]cnjvIcW¯nsâ BhiyIXþ Ccp]s¯m¶mw qämnsâ BZy
ZiI¯nemWv C³Uy³ nba nÀ½mW taJebnse mgnI¡sÃ¶p
hntijn¸n¡s¸« hnhcmhImi nbaw S¸nem¡s¸«Xv. ]n¶oSv ]e
tkh§fpw ]ucmhImi§fmbn {]Jym]n¡s¸«p. CXnsms¡¸pdsa,
sÂhbÂþX®oÀ¯S kwc£W nbaw t]mse nch[n nba§fpw
A[nImc§fpw dhyq `cW¯nte¡v Iq«nt¨À¡s¸«p. `Cþ Hmôkv’
kwhn[mhpw H«h[n ]pXnb nba§fpw nehnÂ h¶Xns¯pSÀ¶v dhyq
`cW¯nepmb amä§Ä DÄs¡mffp¶ Xc¯nepw ImtemNnXambpw em³Uv
dhyq amzÂ X¿mdm¡pI F¶ e£yw ndthämpt±in¨pffXmWv Cu {KÙw.
em³Uv dhyq amzensâ BZy hmeyw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänsâ
{]hÀ¯¯np thnbpffXpw cv, aq¶v, mev, A©v, Bdv hmey§Ä
bYm{Iaw `qan GsäSp¡Â Imcymeb§Ä, PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIÄ, dhyq
UnhnjWÂ HmôkpIÄ, Xmeqt¡môkpIÄ, hntÃPv HmôkpIÄ F¶o
Imcymeb§fpsS {]hÀ¯§Ä¡mbpffXpamWv. CXnÂ BZy hmeyamb
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tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþ1 L
tIcf hntÃPv amzemWv Ct¸mÄ {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶Xv.
19. dhyq DtZymKØÀ amzÂ aknem¡nbncn¡Wsa¶vþ dhyq Poh
¡mÀ Cu ]pkvXI¯nÂ AS§nbncn¡p¶ FÃm Imcy§fnepw th{X
]cnÚmw tSnbncnt¡XmWv. amzÂ {]Imcapff NpaXeIÄ
ndthäp¶XnÂ DmIp¶ hogvNIÄ¡v HgnIgnhmbn, Cu amzense
hyhØIÄ Adnbm³ ]mSnÃ F¶ hmZw HcpXc¯nepw kzoIcn¡p¶XÃ.
****
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1 I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
`mKwþ II
Hm^okv {]hÀ¯w
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2tIcf em³Uv dhyq amzÂ hmeywþI
A²ymbwþ 1
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdäpw DtZymKØcpw
1. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdävþ (1) kwØm s]mXp`cW¯nsâ `mKamb
PnÃm `cWIqS§fpsSbpw kwØm dhyq `cW¯nsâbpw Xeh³ em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ BIp¶p. 1957 se tIcf t_mÀUv Hm^v dhyq nba{]Imcw
nehnÂ h¶ dhyq t_mÀUv, 1996 se tIcfm dhyq t_mÀUv nÀ¯em¡Â
nba¯nsâ ASnØm¯nÂ nÀ¯Â sNbvXpsImv 1.7.1998 XobXn
{]m_ey¯nÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS Imcymebw cq]oIcn¡pIbpmbn.
dhyq t_mÀUv sa¼ÀamcnÂ n£n]vXambncp¶ H«h[n A[nImc§fpw
NpaXeIfpw dhyq hIp¸v A²y£mbn ntbmKn¡s¸« em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdnte¡v amäs¸«p. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS IognÂ At±ls¯
klmbn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv dhyq AUojWÂ/sU]yq«n/ tPmbnâ v
I½ojWÀ, 5 AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamÀ, Hcp konbÀ ^nm³kv Hm^okÀ,
Hcp ^nm³kv Hm^okÀ F¶nhscbpw ntbmKn¨n«pv. PnÃm IfIvSÀamcpsS
`cW]camb {]hÀ¯§Ä GtIm]n¸n¡pI, PnÃm `cWIqS§fpsS icnbmb
{]hÀ¯§Ä¡mhiyamb amÀ¤nÀt±i§Ä ÂIpI, s]mXp `cW¯nepw
dhyq `cW¯nepw kÀ¡mcns klmbn¡pI F¶nhbmWv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS apJy NpaXeIÄ.
(2) ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ hnjb§fpsS ASnØm¯nÂ Hmtcm
AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamcpsSbpw IognÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS
Imcymeb¯nÂ hnhn[ bqWnäpIÄ {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶p. Hmtcm bqWnänsbpw
hnhn[ sk£pIfmbn Xncn¨ncn¡p¶p. Hmtcm sk£sâbpw NpaXe sk£³
kq{]pamcnÂ n£n]vXambncn¡p¶p. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse
Poh¡mÀ tIcf kÀÆokv N«§Ä¡pw 1960 se kÀ¡mÀ DtZymKØcpsS
s]cpamä N«§Ä¡pw {]kvXpX N«§fnÂ bYmImew kÀ¡mÀ hcp¯p¶
t`ZKXnIÄ¡pw hnt[bambn {]hÀ¯nt¡XmWv.
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3 I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
2. DtZymKØcpsS nbahpw tbmKyXIfpwþ (1) em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ, tPmbnâ v I½ojWÀ, AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamÀ, ^nm³kv
Hm^okÀ F¶nhcpsS nbaw S¯p¶Xv kÀ¡mcpw ¢mÀ¡v,
FÂ.Un.ssS¸nÌv, FÂ.Pn.Fkv HgnsIbpÅ XkvXnIIfnte¡v
kontbmdnänbpsS ASnØm¯nÂ DtZymK¡bäw ÂIntbm Øewamäw
hgntbm nbaw S¯p¶Xv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpw BWv.
(2) 04.12.2015 se Pn.H. (BÀ.än) 704/2015/BÀ.Un. ¼À D¯chv
{]Imcw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdäns BØm Imcymebambn ]cnKWn¨v
¢mÀ¡v, FÂ.Un. ssS¸nÌv, FÂ.Pn.Fkv. HgnhpIÄ BØm Imcymeb
HgnhpIfmbn IW¡m¡n tcn«v ]n.Fkv.kn. aptJbmWv nbaw S¯p¶Xv.
3. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS apJyNpaXeIÄ þ (1) dhyq t_mÀtUm
AXnse GsX¦nepw AwKtam ssIImcyw sNbvXncp¶Xpw NphsS tNÀ¡pw
{]ImcapÅXpamb A[nImc§fpw NpaXeIfpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdnÂ
n£n]vXam¡ns¡mv kÀ¡mÀ D¯chmbn«pÅXmWv.
{Ia ¼À nbaw/N«w/D¯chv hIp¸v/N«w
1. tIcfm dhyq dn¡hdn nbaw, 1968 hIp¸v 72(1)
2. tIcf kzImcyh§Ä (n£n]vXam¡epw
]Xn¨p sImSp¡epw) nbaw, 1971 hIp¸v 83(1)
3. tIcf kzImcyh§Ä (n£n]vXam¡epw
]Xn¨pÂIepw) N«§Ä, 1974 N«w 35(1)(F)
4. tIcfm FkvNoäv B³Uv s^mÀ^o¨À
nbaw, 1964 hIp¸v 2 (F)
7(1)
7(2)
5. ssltd©v tImfsstkj³ kvIow N«§Ä,
1968 N«w 7(_n)
6. tIcfm sI«nS nIpXn nbaw, 1975 hIp¸v 4(3)
7. tIcfm tXm«nIpXn nbaw, 1960 hIp¸v 10
8. tIcfm tXm«nIpXn N«§Ä, 1960 N«w 11
9. Gew Irjn¡mbn kÀ¡mÀ `qan ]m«¯np
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ÂIp¶XnpÅ N«§Ä, 1961 N«w 29
10. IpIrjn `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä, 1958 N«w 17
11. tIcfm `qan]Xnhv nbaw, 1960 hIp¸v 7(F)
12. tIcfm `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä, 1964 N«w 9(7)
12 F(viii)
14(6), 19
21(8), 21(1), 21(9)
13. Irjnbpà h`qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä, 1970 N«w 17(8)
14. tIcfm `qan hns«mgnbÂ nbaw, 1958 hIp¸v 4 _n(1)
4 _n(2)
4 kn
15. tIcfm `qanhns«mgnbÂ N«§Ä, 1958 N«w 11
16. tIcf FkvNoävkv & s^mÀ^o¨À dqÄkv, 1965 N«w 12, 14
17. t]m¡phchv N«§Ä, 1966 N«w 20
18. tIcfm `qkwc£W nbaw, 1957 hIp¸v 16(3),
16(4), 16(5), 16(6)
17(4), 20A-2
19. tIcf `qkwc£W N«§Ä, 1958 N«w 34
20. k.D. (A¨Sn) 566/95/BÀ.Un. XobXn 13.11.1955 hyhØ 12
2(b)(ii), 18
21. tIcf kÀÆokv Cmw `qan (n£n]vXam¡epw
]Xn¨p ÂIepw) nbaw, 1981 hIp¸v 12,13,16
22. tIcf kÀÆokv Cmw`qan (n£n]vXam¡epw N«w 15
]Xn¨p ÂIepw) N«§Ä, 1981 t^mdw 11
23. P·n¡cw t]bvsaâ v At_mfnj³ nbaw, 1960 hIp¸v 8
24. Bbp[ N«§Ä, 1962 N«w 5 (1)
25. kvt^mSI hkvXp N«§Ä, 1983 N«w 169(4)
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5 I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
26. tIcfm ap{Z¸{X nbaw, 1950 hIp¸v 54, 55, 58
27. tIcfm ap{Z¸{X nÀ½mWhpw hnÂ¸bpw
N«§Ä N«w 1
28. tIcfm ap{Z¸{X N«§Ä 1960 N«w 21
29. skänÂsaâ v kvIow ]«b N«§Ä N«w 20(7)
30. tIcfm `qnIpXn nbaw, 1961 hIp¸v 11(1)
31. XncpþsIm¨n CdntKj³ nbaw hIp¸v 5(2), 5(4),
5(5), 15, 20(2), 26
32. hbmSv tImfsstkj³ kvIow N«§Ä, 1969 N«w 21
33. tIcfm Aaqeyn[n nbaw, 1968 hIp¸v 8(2)
34. tIcfm Aaqeyn[n N«§Ä, 1971 N«w 15
35. tIcfm `qhnntbmK D¯chv, 1967 JÞw 11(1),
11(2), 11(3), 14
36. XlknÂZmÀamcpsS nbam[nImcn Pn.H.(]n) 853/80/RD
dtd. 16.06.1980.
37. sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀamcpsS nbam[nImcn Pn.H.(]n) 852/80/RD
dtd. 16.06.1980.
38. aäp hn`mK§fpsS nbam[nImcn Pn.H.(]n) 123/93/RD
dtd. 8.3.1993
39. tIcf knhnÂ kÀÆokv (XcwXncn¡epw N«w 13(2)(a)(i) to
nb{´Whpw A¸oepw) N«§Ä, 1960 (iii),13(2)(b)(i)to(vi)
A¸oÂ tIkpIÄ
N«w 21 to 31
40. sF.F.Fkv. s{Sbnn§v, amzÂ JÞnI 2.7
41. IfIvStdäv ]cntim[ Pn.H.(]n) 20/65/RD
dtd. 11.01.1965
42. sIm¨n³ ]»nIv ImÂ & _mIv hm«À
CdntKj³ nbaw, 1092 (M.E) hIp¸v 104
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43. Xncp¸phmcw t]bvsaâ v (Atkmkntbj³)
nbaw, 1969 hIp¸v 11, 21, 31
44. {io]mchI `qanIÄ (n£n]vXam¡epw
hnXcWhpw) N«§Ä hIp¸v 12, 20
45. tIcfm tImÀ«v ^okv & kyq«v
hmeyqthj³ nbaw, 1959 hIp¸v 84(1)
(2) taÂ ]cmaÀin¨h IqSmsX ]pXpXmbn cq]oIrXamb H«h[n
nba§fnepw N«§fnepw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v hnhn[§fmb
NpaXeIfpw IÀ¯hy§fpw hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅXmWv. AhbnÂ {][ms¸«h
NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p.
1. tIcfm sI«nS nIpXn nbaw, 1975 hIp¸v 4(3)
2. tIcfm ZoXoc kwc£Whpw aWÂhmcÂ
nb{´Whpw nbaw, 2001 hIp¸v 2(a)
2(A)
2(B)
3. tIcfm ZoXoc kwc£Whpw aWÂhmcÂ
nb{´Whpw N«§Ä, 2002 8A
4. tIcfm sÂhbÂ þ X®oÀ¯S kwc£W
nbaw, 2008 hIp¸v 8
4. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS aäp NpaXeIÄ þ (1) 1963 se tIcf
`q]cnjv¡cW nba¯nsebpw AXnpkrXambpÅ N«§fpsSbpw
S¯n¸nmbn cq]oIcn¨n«pÅ kwØm em³Uv t_mÀUnsâ sNbÀam³
IqSnbmIp¶p em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ. {]kvXpX nba {]Imcw kwØms¯
`q]cn[n tIkpIfnÂ XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡emWv kwØm em³Uv t_mÀUnsâ
apJyNpaXe. C¯cw {]hÀ¯§fnÂ em³Uv t_mÀUv sNbÀams
klmbn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv t_mÀUv sk{I«dn, AknÌâ v sk{I«dn
F¶nhcpsS tXrXz¯nÂ aXnbmb Poh¡msc ntbmKn¨n«pÅXpamWv. taÂ
tNÀ¯h IqSmsX Cu nba{]Imcw cq]oIcn¨n«pÅ Xmeq¡v em³Uv
t_mÀUpIÄ, em³Uv ss{S_yqWepIÄ, A¸eäv AtXmdnänIÄ F¶nhbpsS
`cW]camb taÂ tm«w nÀÆln¡pI, kÀÆokv Cmw, {io]mchI,
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7 I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
{io]mZw, IpIrjn F¶p XpS§nb {]tXyIXcw `qanIfpsS skänÂsaâ v
S]SnIfnÂ taÂtm«NpaXe nÀÆln¡pI F¶nhbpw kwØm em³Uv
t_mÀUnsâ IÀ¯hy§fmIp¶p.
(2) em³Uv dhyq hIp¸np IognÂ {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶ Hcp kzbw`cW
Øm]amWv C³Ìnäyq«v Hm^v em³Uv & UnkmÌÀamtPvsaâ v. dhyq hIp¸nÂ
n¶pÅ tkh§Ä Imcy£aambpw ImeXmakw IqSmsXbpw
s]mXpP§Ä¡v e`yam¡p¶Xnpw, FÃm taJeIfnepw anI¨ {]hÀ¯w
ImgvN hbv¡p¶Xnv dhyq Poh¡msc {]m]vXcm¡p¶Xnpambn
Dt±iy§tfmsS ka{Kamb ]cnioe ]cn]mSnIÄ Poh¡mÀ¡mbn
kwLSn¸n¡pIbmWv {]kvXpX C³Ìnäyq«nsâ {][m Dt±iyw. kÀÆoknÂ
tcn«p {]thin¡p¶ DtZymKØÀ¡pÅ ASnØm ]cnioe§Ä¡p ]pdta
s{]mtamj³ aptJ DbÀ¶ t{iWnIfnse¯p¶ Poh¡mÀ¡pÅ XpSÀ
]cnioe§fpw Cu C³Ìnäyq«v aptJ S¯nhcp¶p. Zpc´ nhmcW cwK¯v
Hcp tmUÂ GP³kn IqSnbmbn {]hÀ¯n¨phcp¶ Cu Øm]¯nsâ
FIvknIyq«ohv I½nänbpsS A²y£mbpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
{]hÀ¯n¨phcp¶p.
5. Hmôkv {]hr¯n kabw þ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse {]hr¯n
kabw cmhnse 10.15 aWn apXÂ sshIpt¶cw 5.15 aWnhsc
Bbncn¡p¶XmWv. F¶mÂ taeptZymKØcpsS nÀt±i {]Imctam kÀ¡mÀ
GÂ]n¡p¶ {]tXyI tPmenIÄ kab_ÔnXambn ]qÀ¯oIcn¡p¶
Xntet¡m aä[nIthXsam¶pw IqSmsX Xs¶ X§fpsS apgph³ kabhpw
HutZymKnI IrXynÀhlW¯nmbn hnntbmKn¡phm³ Poh¡mÀ
_m²yØcmWv. kzo¸ÀamcpsS tPmenkabw cmhnse 8 apXÂ D¨bv¡v 12
aWnhscbmWv. FÃm {]hr¯n Znhk§fnepw nÀ_Ôambn Hmôkv kabw
Bcw`n¡p¶Xnp ap³]mbn kzo¸ÀamÀ Hmôkv sk£pIÄ hr¯nbm¡n
kÖamt¡Xpw XpSÀ¶v ipNnapdnIfpw Hmôkv ]cnkchpw hr¯nbm¡n
12 aWn¡v Hmôkv hn«p t]mtIXpamWv. Hmôkv Aä³UâpamcpsS
tPmenkabw cmhnse 9.45 apXÂ sshIn«v 5.45 hscbmWv. ssäv hm¨vamsâ
Uyq«nkabw sshIpt¶cw 5 aWnapXÂ cmhnse 10 aWnhscbmsW¦nepw
Hmôknsâ kpKaamb {]hÀ¯§Ä¡mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kabw kuIcy{]Zambn ]px{IaoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv.
(2) D¨bv¡v Hcp aWn¡pw 2 aWn¡panS¡pÅ AcaWn¡qÀ kabw
Hmôkv {]hÀ¯¯nv `wKw hcmsX D¨`£W¯npÅ CSthfbmbn
D]tbmKs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv. apÉow aX hn`mK¯nÂs¸« Poh¡mÀ¡v FÃm
shÅnbmgvNbpw D¨¡v 12.30 apXÂ 2.30 hscbpÅ kabw Ppam
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akvImc¯nmbn D]tbmKs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv. HmôknÂ lmPcmbmepS³
FÃm Poh¡mcpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AphZn¡p¶Xpw nÀ±njvS
amXrIbnepw hep¸¯nepapÅXpamb Xncn¨dnbÂ ImÀUv [cnt¡XmWv.
Xncn¨dnbÂ ImÀUv FÃmhÀ¡pw ImWmhp¶ hn[¯nÂ [cn¡p¶Xnv
Poh¡mÀ {]tXyIw {i²nt¡XmWv.
6. lmPÀþ (1) FÃm Poh¡mcpw HmôknÂ lmPcmbmepS³ Xs¶ ]©nMv
sajonÂ/lmPÀ ]pkvXI¯nÂ lmPÀ tcJs¸Spt¯XmWv. nÀ±njvS
cq]¯nepÅ lmPÀ ]pkvXIhpw Ap_Ô cPnÌdmb teäv Aä³U³kv
cPnÌdpw AXmXv sk£³ kq{]pamÀ kq£nt¡XmWv. AXmXv
Znhks¯ teäv hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯n BbXnp NphsS Xsâ Npcps¡m¸pw
tNÀ¯v teäv Aä³U³kv cPnÌÀ klnXw lmPÀ ]pkvXIw cmhnse 10.25 v
sk£³ kq{]pamÀ _Ôs¸« AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw
XpSÀ¶v tPmbnâ v I½ojWÀ apJmńcw 10.30 v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
(2) HmôknÂ lmPcmtI kabw cmhnse 10.15 aWnbmsW¦nepw
A{]Xo£nXamb ImcW§fmÂ HmôknÂ lmPcmIp¶Xnv
XmakapmbmÂ HmôknÂ F¯nb kabw teäv Aä³U³kv cPnÌdnÂ
tcJs¸Sp¯nbtijw lmPÀ tcJs¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv. F¶mÂ Hmôkv
{]hr¯nkabw XpS§n Hcp aWn¡qÀ kabt¯¡v am{Xta Cu BpIqey¯nv
AÀlXbpÅq. C¯c¯nÂ sshInsb¯p¶ ap½q¶p Znhk§Ä¡v Hcp
Znhks¯ BIkvanImh[n hoXw jvSs¸Sp¶XpamWv. sshInsb¯nb
lmPcpIÄ IeÀ amk{Ia¯nÂ Xn«s¸Spt¯Xpw sXm«Sp¯ amkmZyw
aq¶p Xmakn¨pÅ lmPcpIÄ¡v H¶v F¶ {Ia¯nÂ BIkvanImh[nbnÂ
n¶pw Ipdhp sNbvXpsImv D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶Xnmbn _Ôs¸«
AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamÀ, AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ (BÀ.C) ¡v Ipdn¸v
ÂtIXpamWv. C¯c¯nÂ Ipdhp sNbvX BIkvanI Ah[nIfpsS F®w
BIkvanImh[n cPnÌdnepw lmPÀ ]pkvXI¯nepw dnamÀIvkv klnXw
tcJs¸Spt¯XmWv. C{]Imcw Ah[n Ipdhv sN¿pt¼mÄ Poh¡mcsâ
t]cnÂ BIkvanImh[n Ahtijn¡p¶nsÃ¦nÂ SnbmnÂ n¶pw At]£
hm§n {]kvXpX At]£bpsS ASnØm¯nÂ AÀlXs¸« Ah[n
AphZn¡mhp¶XmWv. Poh¡mc³ At]£ kaÀ¸n¡mXncn¡pItbm
At]£ kaÀ¸n¡phm³ hnk½Xn¡pItbm sN¿p¶ ]£w {]kvXpX Znhkw
iqythX Ah[nbmbn {IaoIcnt¡XmWv.
(3) HmôknÂ lmPcmbmepS³ Xs¶ FÃm Poh¡mcpw kz´w
nebnÂ ssIhiw h¨n«pÅ ]Ww kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä t]gvkWÂ Iymjv
Un¢tdj³ cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n H¸phbvt¡XmWv. (Ap_Ôwþ 1)
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9 I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
7.Ah[n AphZn¡Âþ (1) tIcf kÀÆokv N«§fnse hyhØIÄ¡p
hnt[bambn ¢mÀ¡v apXÂ konbÀ kq{]v hscbpÅ Poh¡mcpsS
BIkvanI Ah[nIÄ AXmXv bqWnäv HmôkÀamcmb AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀamÀ¡v AphZn¡mhp¶XmWv. F¶mÂ BÀÖnX, ]cnhÀ¯nX,
AÀ² thX Ah[nIÄ AphZn¡p¶Xnv AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ (BÀ.C)
BWv S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡Xv. C{]Imcw Ah[n AphZn¨v
]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ D¯chnsâ ASnØm¯nÂ _Ôs¸« Poh¡mcsâ tkh
]pkvXI¯nÂ Ah[n kw_Ôn¨ hnhcw tcJs¸Spt¯XmWv.
(2) BIkvanImh[n hnhcw tcJs¸Sp¯p¶Xnmbn Hmtcm sk£nepw
BIkvanImh[n cPnÌÀ kq£nt¡Xv _Ôs¸« sk£³ kq{]nsâ
NpaXebmWv. BIkvanImh[n AphZn¡p¶ apdbv¡v cPnÌdnÂ Bhiyamb
tcJs¸Sp¯epIÄ hcpt¯Xpw {]kvXpX cPnÌdnÂ Hmtcm amks¯bpw
kw£n]vXw tcJs¸Sp¯n Npcps¡m¸v tNÀ¯v _Ôs¸« AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv. {]tXyI BIkvanImh[nIÄ
AphZn¡mpÅ A[nImcw AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ (BÀ.C) ¡mWv. AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀamcpsS Ah[n At]£IfnÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdmWv
XocpamsaSpt¡Xv.
8. aqhvsaâ v cPnÌÀþ HmôknÂ lmPcmbtijw HutZymKnI
IrXynÀÆlWhpambn _Ôs¸«v Hmôknv ]pd¯p t]mtInhcp¶
kmlNcy§fnÂ nÝnX amXrIbnepÅ aqhvsaâ v cPnÌdnÂ (Ap_Ôwþ2)
CXv kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯phm³ Poh¡mÀ _m²yØcmWv.
]pd¯v t]mIp¶ Poh¡mc³ Xsâ t]cv, kabw, F´mhiy¯nte¡p
t]mIp¶p XpS§nb hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯n Npcps¡m¸v hbvt¡Xpw
Bhiyw Ignªv Xncns¨¯pt¼mÄ Xncn¨ph¶ kabw tcJs¸Sp¯n hopw
Npcps¡m¸v hbvt¡XpamWv. Sn cPnÌÀ Hmtcm sk£ntebpw kq{]pamÀ
h¨p t]mtcXpw amk¯nsemcn¡Â _Ôs¸« AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ BbXv
]cntim[nt¡XpamWv.
9. Poh¡mcpsS s]cpamäwþ Hmôknse¯p¶ GsXmcmtfmSpw Poh¡mÀ
At§bäw acymZtbmsSbpw hnbt¯msSbpw s]cpamtdXmWv.
HutZymKnImhiy§Ä¡mbn Hmôknse¯p¶hÀ¡v e`yamb Ccn¸nS kuIcyw
ÂIphmpw apXnÀ¶ ]uc·mÀ, `n¶tijn¡mÀ, KÀ`nWnIÄ F¶nhÀ¡v
ap³KW ÂIphmpw Poh¡mÀ {]tXyIw {i²nt¡XmWv.
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10. CSne¡msc Hgnhm¡Âþ HutZymKnImhiy§Ä¡mbn
Hmôknse¯p¶ DtZymKØÀ, At]£IÀ, lÀPn¡mÀ, At]£Itcm
lÀPn¡mtcm nba]cambn NpaXes¸Sp¯p¶hÀ F¶nhcÃmsX
Hmôknse¯p¶ GsXmcmsfbpw CSne¡mcmbn IW¡m¡p¶XmWv.
C¯c¡mÀ Hmôknse ssZwZn S]SnIfnÂ {]Xy£amtbm ]tcm£amtbm
CSs]Sp¶Xpw Hmôkv tcJIÄ ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xpw
AphZobaÃm¯Xpw A{]Imcw kw`hn¡p¶ ]£w _Ôs¸« Poh¡mÀ
BbXnsâ D¯chmZnIÄ Bbncn¡p¶XpamWv.
11. Poh¡mÀ ]»nIv skÀhâpamcmbncn¡psa¶vþ Cu amzense
hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bambn IrXynÀhlW¯nÂ GÀs¸Sp¶ FÃm
Poh¡mcpw 1860 se C³Uy³ in£m nba¯nse 21þmw hIp¸v {]ImcapÅ
]»nIv skÀhâpamcmbncn¡p¶XmWv.
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11 I½ojWtdäv amzÂ
A²ymbwþ 2
Poh¡mcyw
(F) nco£WImew
1. XkvXnIIfpw nco£WImehpwþ (1) dhyq hIp¸nse ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv
AknÌâ v, slUv¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq C³kvs]IvSÀ/hntÃPv HmôkÀ, sU]yq«n
XlknÂZmÀ/ PqnbÀ kq{]v/ hmeypthj³ AknÌâ v, XlknÂZmÀ/
konbÀ kq{]v/ lpkqÀ inckvXZmÀ, sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ F¶o XkvXnIIfnÂ
nco£W Imew Xr]vXnIcambn ]qÀ¯oIcn¡p¶Xnv _Ôs¸«
XkvXnIIÄ¡mbn cq]oIcn¨n«pÅ {]tXyI N«§fnÂ hyhØIÄ DÅXmWv.
ChbnÂ slUv ¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq C³kvs]IvSÀ/ hntÃPv HmôkÀ, sU]yq«n
XlknÂZmÀ/ PqnbÀ kq{]v/ hmeypthj³ AknÌâ v, XlknÂZmÀ/
konbÀ kq{]v/lpkqÀ inckvXZmÀ F¶o XkvXnIIfnse Poh¡mcpsS
nco£WImew ]qÀ¯oIcn¨Xmbn {]Jym]nt¡Xv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdmWv. IqSmsX BØm Imcymeb XkvXnIIfnte¡v em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWtdänÂ nban¡s¸Sp¶ ¢mÀ¡v, ssS¸nÌv, ss{UhÀ, Hmôkv
Aä³Uâ v F¶o XkvXnIIfnse Poh¡mcpsS nco£WImew
]qÀ¯oIcn¨Xmbn {]Jym]nt¡Xpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdmWv.
(2) tcn«pÅ nbaw _m[IaÃm¯ slUv¢mÀ¡v/dhyq
C³kvs]IvSÀ/ hntÃPv HmôkÀ, XlknÂZmÀ/ konbÀ kq{]v/ lpkqÀ
inckvXZmÀ F¶o XkvXnIIfnse nco£W Imew XpSÀ¨bmb cp
hÀj§Ä¡pÅnse Hcp hÀjs¯ Uyq«nbmWv. F¶mÂ sU]yq«n
XlknÂZmÀ/ PqnbÀ kq{]v/ hmeyqthj³ AknÌâ v XkvXnIbnemIs«
nco£W Imew XpSÀ¨bmb ap¶q hÀj§Ä¡pÅnse cp hÀjs¯
Uyq«nbmWv.
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(3) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS Imcymeb¯ntesXmgnsIbpÅ aäp
Imcymeb§fnse slUv¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq C³kvs]IvSÀ/hntÃPv Hm^okÀ,
sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ/ PqnbÀ kq{]v/ hmeyqthj³ AknÌâ v,
XlknÂZmÀ/konbÀ kq{]v / lpkqÀ inckvXZmÀ F¶o XkvXnIIfnse
Poh¡mcpsS nco£WImew Xr]vXnIcambn ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbXmbn
{]Jym]n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ nÀ±njvS XobXnbnÂ
n¶pw Hcp amk¯nIw s{]mt^mÀa dnt¸mÀ«p hyàamb ip]mÀi klnXw
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. dnt¸mÀ«pw ip]mÀibpw
]cnKWn¨v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb D¯chv
]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv.
Ipdn¸v:þ mÂ¸Xp iXam¯ne[nIw imcocnI sshIeyapÅ Poh¡msc
sNbn³kÀsÆ/lbÀkÀsÆ sSÌv tbmKyX tSp¶XnÂ n¶pw
Hgnhm¡nbn«pÅXnmÂ A¯cw Poh¡mÀ aäp Xc¯nÂ tbmKycmsW¦nÂ
AhcpsS nco£W Imew nÀ±njvS XobXnbnÂ ]qÀ¯oIcn¨Xmbn
{]Jym]n¡mhp¶XmWv.
2. nco£WImew ZoÀLn¸n¡Â þ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
nbam[nImcnbmb BØm Imcymeb XkvXnIIfnsebpw IqSmsX slUv
¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq C³kvs]IvSÀ/ hntÃPv Hm^okÀ, sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ/
PqnbÀ kq{]v/hmeypthj³ AknÌâ v, XlknÂZmÀ/konbÀ kq{]v/
lqkqÀ inckvXZmÀ F¶o XkvXnIIfnsebpw Poh¡mÀ bYmkabw nÀ±njvS
sSÌv tbmKyXIÄ tSmXncn¡pItbm nÀ±njvS Uyq«n ]qÀ¯nbm¡pItbm
sNbvXn«nÃm¯ ]£w A¯c¡mcpsS nco£W Imew Hcp hÀjt¯¡p
ZoÀLn¸n¡p¶Xnv S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡Xv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdmWv.
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdäntesXmgnsIbpÅ Poh¡mcpsS kwKXnbnÂ
nÝnX s{]mt^mÀa dnt¸mÀ«v, tkh]pkvXIw F¶nh klnXw PnÃm IfIvSÀ
kaÀ¸n¡p¶ ip]mÀi hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
DNnXamb D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv.
(2) ZoÀLn¸n¨p ÂInb Hcp hÀj¯npÅnepw Poh¡mÀ nÀ±njvS
tbmKyXIÄ tSmXncn¡pItbm nÀ±njvSImebfhv Uyq«n ]qÀ¯nbm¡m
Xncn¡pItbm sN¿p¶ ]£w hopw nco£WImew ZoÀLn¸n¨p
ÂIp¶XnpÅ A[nImcw kÀ¡mcnÂ n£n]vXamWv. CXnte¡mbn
hniZamb ip]mÀi kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸nt¡Xv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS NpaXebmWv.
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(_n) kontbmdnän
3. kontbmdnän enÌvþ em³Uv dhyq hIp¸nse ¢mÀ¡v/hntÃPv AknÌâ v
apXÂ XlknÂZmÀ hscbpw, temhÀ Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv apXÂ s^bÀ tIm¸n
kq{]v hscbpapff hnhn[ XkvXnIIfnsebpw tIm¬^nU³jyÂ AknÌâ v
XkvXnIbnsebpw kontbmcnän enÌpIÄ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse
kontbmcnän sk£nÂ n¶mWv X¿mdm¡n {]kn²oIcnt¡Xv. dhyq
hIp¸v Poh¡mcpsS hntijmÂ N«§Ä, tImSXn D¯chpIÄ, kÀ¡mÀ
nÀt±iw F¶nh IW¡nseSp¯v 1958þse tIcf tÌäv Bâ v kt_mÀUntäv
kÀÆokkv N«§fnse N«w 27 ASnØmam¡nbmWv kontbmcnän enÌpIÄ
X¿mdm¡p¶Xv.
4. kÀÆokv ImÀUvþ ¢mÀ¡v/hntÃPv AknÌâ v, temhÀ Unhnj³
ssS¸nÌvþ Poh¡mcpsS kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ X¿mdm¡p¶Xnte¡mbn
Hmtcm Poh¡mcsâbpw kÀÆokv hnhc§Ä DÄs¡mÅp¶ Hcp kÀÆokv
ImÀUv X¿mdmt¡Xpv. Poh¡mcsâ hyànKX hnhc§Ä, kÀÆoknÂ
{]thin¨ coXn, tPmenbnÂ {]thin¨ PnÃ, kÀÆoknÂ {]thin¨ XobXn,
ASnØm tbmKyXIÄ, hIp¸pXe tbmKyXIÄ, iqythXmh[n, nba
ip]mÀibpsSbpw nba D¯chnsâbpw hnhc§Ä F¶p XpS§nb hnhc§Ä
DÄs¡mÅp¶ ka{Kamb Hcp tcJbmWv kÀÆokv ImÀUv. C¯c¯nÂ kÀÆokv
ImÀUv X¿mdmt¡ NpaXe _Ôs¸« Hmôkv ta[mhn¡v/ PnÃm IfIvSÀ¡v
Bbncn¡p¶XmWv. ]pXpXmbn kÀÆoknÂ {]thin¨ ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv
AknÌâ v, temhÀ Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv XkvXnIbnse Poh¡mcpsS kÀÆokv
ImÀUpIÄ AhÀ kÀÆoknÂ {]thin¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp hÀj
ImebfhnpÅnÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnv _Ôs¸«
PnÃm IfIvSÀ/ Hmôkv ta[mhn _m[yØmWv. kÀÆokv ImÀUnsâ amXrI
Ap_Ôwþ10 Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p. PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pw / Hmôkv
ta[mhnbnÂ n¶pw e`n¡p¶ kÀÆokv ImÀUns ASnØmam¡nbmIWw
Poh¡mcpsS kontbmdnän ]«nI X¿mdmt¡Xv.
5. ¢mÀ¡v/hntÃPv AknÌâ v, temhÀ Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv XkvXnIbnse
kontbmdnän enÌpIÄþ (1) PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw / Hmôkv
ta[mhnIfnÂ n¶pw e`n¡p¶ kÀÆokv ImÀUnse hnhc§fpsS
ASnØm¯nÂ tIcfm tÌäv Bâ v kt_mÀUntäv kÀÆokv N«§fnse
27þmw N«¯nse hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bambmWv ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv AknÌâ v,
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temhÀ Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv XkvXnIIfnse kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ
X¿mdm¡p¶Xv. CXnte¡mbn nÝnX ImebfhnpÅnÂ nban¡s¸«
Poh¡mcpsS Hcp XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nI X¿mdmt¡Xpw em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI sh_vsskänÂ {]kn²s¸Spt¯XpamWv.
IqSmsX {]kvXpX XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nI PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIÄ
aptJbpw {]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpw FÃm dhyq HmôkpIfnepw ]IÀ¸pIÄ
e`yam¡m³ PnÃm IfIvSÀamsc NpaXes¸Spt¯XpamWv. XmÂ¡menI
kontbmdnän ]«nI C¯c¯nÂ FÃm dhyq HmôkpIfnepw
]ckys¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨v _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ BbXv
]ckys¸Sp¯nb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ Hcp km£y]{Xw
X¿mdm¡n em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
(2) XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän enÌnsXnsc Bt£]apÅ
Poh¡mÀ¡v BbXv tcJmaqew t_m[n¸n¡p¶Xnv 15 Znhk kab]cn[n
AphZnt¡XmWv. C¯c¯nÂ Bt£]§Ä e`yamIp¶ tIkpIÄ
hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw BhiyapÅhbnÂ _Ôs¸« I£nsb/
I£nIsf tcnÂ tIÄt¡XpamWv. e`yamIp¶ Hmtcm At]£bnepw Ah
e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 60 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ S]SnIÄ
]qÀ¯nbm¡ns¡mv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb
XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw A{]ImcapÅ Xocpam¯nsâ hnhcw DS³ Xs¶
Bt£]w t_m[n¸n¨bmsf Adnbnt¡XpamWv.
(3) e`yamb FÃm Bt£]§fpw XoÀ¸m¡ns¡mpw PnÃm
IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän enÌv FÃm dhyq
HmôkpIfnepw ]ckys¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨ km£y]{Xw
e`yam¡ns¡mpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ, t`ZKXnIÄ BhiyapÅ ]£w
A{]ImcapÅ t`ZKXnIÄ hcp¯ns¡mv XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nI
Ańaam¡ns¡mv Hcp D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv. Ańa kontbmdnän
]«nI ]pds¸Sphn¨mepS³ BbXv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI
sh_vsskänÂ {]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpw dhyq HmôkpIfnÂ
{]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶Xnte¡mbn ]IÀ¸v PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ¡v Ab¨p
sImSpt¡XpamWv. C{]Imcw X¿mdm¡n {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶ ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv
AknÌâ v, temhÀ Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv kontbmdnän ]«nIIfpsS
ASnØm¯nemIWw bYm{Iaw konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/ kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv
HmôkÀ, A¸À Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv XkvXnIIfnse HgnhpIfnte¡v
Øm¡bäw aptJ Poh¡msc nbant¡Xv.
(4) Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nI e`yambmepS³ Ah PnÃbnse FÃm
dhyq HmôkpIfnepw {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶XnpÅ S]SnIÄ PnÃm IfIvSÀ
kzoIcnt¡Xpw C{]Imcw {]kn²s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨ Hcp
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km£y]{Xw BbXv e`yamb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30 Znhk¯nIw em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ e`yamt¡XpamWv.
6. konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/kvs]jyÂ HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnse kontbmdnän
enÌv þ (1) konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnte¡v
Øm¡bäw ÂIn nbaw ÂIp¶Xv ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv AknÌâ v
XkvXnIbnse kontbmdnän ]«nIbpsS ASnØm¯nepw {]kvXpX
XkvXnIIÄ¡mbpÅ hntijmÂ N«§fnÂ njv¡Àjn¡p¶ aäp
tbmKyXIfpsS ASnØm¯nepàmWv. C¯c¯nÂ ôUÀ ImäKdnbnÂ
n¶pÅ s{]mtamj³ IqSmsX A¸À Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv XkvXnIbnÂ n¶pw
nÝnX tbmKyXbpÅ Poh¡msc XkvXnIamäw hgnbpw konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/
kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnte¡v nban¨p hcp¶p.
(2) nÀ±njvS ImebfhnÂ konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/ kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv
HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnÂ Øm¡bäw, hncan¡Â, kzbw hncan¡Â, o¡w
sN¿Â, acWw, iqythXmh[n, ]pXnb XkvXnIIÄ krjvSn¡Â
F¶nhbmepmIp¶ HgnhpIÄ Xn«s¸Sp¯ns¡mpw HgnhpIÄ Dmb
XobXnIÄ Xn«s¸Sp¯ns¡mpw ôUÀ ImäKdnbmb ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv
AknÌâ v XkvXnIbnse konbdmbhcpw aäp hn[¯nÂ tbmKycpamb
BfpIsf s{]mtamj³ ÂIn nban¡pIbmWv sN¿p¶Xv. C¯c¯nÂ
s{]mtamj³ aptJtbm A¸À Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv XkvXnIbnÂ n¶pw
XkvXnIamäw aptJtbm nban¡s¸Sp¶ DtZymKØcpsS kÀÆokv ImÀUv,
ôUÀ XkvXnIbnse kontbmdnän ]«nI, Øm¡bä D¯chpIÄ F¶nh
H¯p tm¡n IrXyX Dd¸m¡ns¡mv konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv
HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnse XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nI X¿mdm¡n em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI sh_vsskänepw PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ aptJ
FÃm dhyq HmôkpIfnepw {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶p.
(3) {]kn²s¸Sp¯nb XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄs¡Xnsc
Bt£]§Ä t_m[n¸n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn _Ôs¸« Poh¡mÀ¡v 15 Znhk
kab]cn[n AphZnt¡Xpw A{]Imcw Bt£]§Ä t_m[n¸n¡s¸Sp¶
]£w A¯cw Bt£]§fnt·Â AtzjWw S¯nbpw Bhiysa¶p
ImWp¶ ]£w I£nIsf tcnÂ tI«pw Bt£]§Ä e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ
n¶pw 60 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnembn Ah XoÀ¸p IÂ¸nt¡XpamIp¶p. IqSmsX
XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ FÃm dhyq HmôkpIfnepw
{]kn²s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨ km£y]{Xw Ah PnÃm IfIvSÀ¡p
e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp amk¯nIw e`yam¡p¶Xnv _Ôs¸«
IfIvSÀamtcmSv nÀt±int¡XpamWv.
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(3) e`yamb Bt£]§Ä FÃmwXs¶ XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡pIbpw
XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ {]kn²s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨v
PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw km£y]{X§Ä e`n¡pIbpw sNbvXmepS³
konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/ kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnse Ańa
kontbmdnän ]«nI AwKoIcn¨p sImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ D¯chp
]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw ]«nI em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI
ssh_vsskäv aptJbpw PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ aptJbpw {]kn²s¸Sp
t¯XpamWv.
(4) tIcfm tÌäv & kt_mÀUntäv kÀÆokv N«§fnse N«w 13A(i)(a)
{]Imcw konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/ kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnte¡v
XmÂ¡menI Øm¡bäw e`n¡p¶ ]«nIPmXn/]«nI tKm{X
hÀKhn`mK§fnÂs¸« Poh¡mÀ nÝnX ImebfhnpÅnÂ sSÌv
tbmKyXIÄ BÀPn¡p¶ ]£w A¯c¡mcpsS kontbmdnän, ôUÀ
ImäKdnbnse tbmKyX tSnb PqnbÀ, konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv
HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnse kontbmdnän ]«nIbnÂ AphZn¨ Øm¯nv sXm«p
apIfnembn {IaoIcnt¡XmWv.
7. aäp XkvXnIIfnse kontbmdnän enÌpIÄþ (1) slUv ¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq
C³kvs]IvSÀ/ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnse HgnhpIÄ nI¯p¶XnpÅ
ôUÀ ImäKdn konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbpw
sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ / PqnbÀ kq{]v XkvXnIbnse HgnhpIÄ
nI¯p¶XnpÅ ôUÀ ImäKdn slUv¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq C³kvs]IvSÀ / hntÃPv
HmôkÀ XkvXnIbpw XlknÂZmÀ / konbÀ kq{]v XkvXnIbnse
HgnhpIÄ nI¯p¶XnpÅ ôUÀ ImäKdn sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ/ PqnbÀ
kq{]v XkvXnIbpamWv.
(2) Hmtcm XkvXnIbnepw hnhn[ ImcW§fmÂ DmIp¶ HgnhpIfpw
HgnhpIÄ Dmb XobXnIfpw Xn«s¸Sp¯ns¡mv ôUÀ ImäKdnbnÂ n¶pw
s{]mtamj³ aptJ nbaw ÂIpIbpw ôUÀ ImäKdnbnse kontbmdnän,
kÀÆokv ImÀUv, s{]mtamj³ AphZn¨psImpÅ D¯chv F¶nhbpsS
ASnØm¯nÂ XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän enÌv X¿mdm¡n
{]kn²oIcn¡pIbpamWv thXv. C¯c¯nÂ {]kn²oIcn¡p¶ XmÂ¡menI
kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI
sh_vsskänepw PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ aptJ FÃm dhyq HmôkpIfnepw
{]kn²s¸Spt¯XpamWv. F¶mÂ XlknÂZmÀ/ konbÀ kq{]v
XkvXnIbnte¡v s{]mtamj³ ÂIp¶Xnv ôUÀ ImäKdnbnse kontbmdnän
enÌns ASnØmam¡n X¿mdm¡p¶Xpw hIp¸pXe s{]mtamj³ I½nän
AwKoIcn¨Xpamb skeIvSv enÌmWv amZÞam¡p¶Xv.
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(3) FÃm XkvXnIIfnepapÅ XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nIIsf
kw_Ôn¨v Bt£]§Ä DÅ Poh¡mÀ¡v Ah tcJmaqew
t_m[n¸n¡p¶Xnv 15 Znhk kab]cn[n AphZnt¡Xpw e`yamIp¶
Bt£]§fnt·Â ]cntim[ S¯nbpw BhiyapÅ ]£w I£nIsf
tcnÂ tI«pw Bt£]§Ä e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 60 Znhk§Ä¡Iw
Ah XoÀ¸p IÂ¸nt¡Xpw Xocpam¯nsâ hnhncw _Ôs¸« I£nIsf
Adnbn¡pIbpw sNt¿XpamWv.
(4) dhyq HmôkpIfnseÃmw Xs¶ XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän
]«nIIÄ {]kn²s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨ km£y]{Xw PnÃm
IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw Ah IfIvt{SäpIfnÂ e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp
amk¯nIw e`yamt¡Xmav. C¯c¯nÂ FÃm PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw
kÀ«n^n¡äpIÄ e`n¡pIbpw e`yamb FÃm Bt£]§fnepw XoÀ¸p
IÂ¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXmepS³ XmÂ¡menI ]«nIbnÂ t`ZKXnIÄ BhiyapÅ
]£w A¯c¯nÂ t`ZKXnIÄ hcp¯ns¡mv Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nI
AwKoIcn¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ D¯chp ]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw
BbXv DS³ Xs¶ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI sh_vsskänÂ
{]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpw hnhn[ dhyq HmôkpIfnÂ {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶Xn
te¡mbn ]IÀ¸pIÄ PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
(5) XlknÂZmÀ/konbÀ kq{]v XkvXnIbnte¡v s{]mtamj³
aptJ ôUÀ ImäKdnbnÂ n¶pw nbaw ÂIp¶Xnmbn ôUÀ
ImäKdnbnse kontbmdnän enÌnÂ DÄs¸« Hcp nÝnX ImebfhnepÅ
A{]qhvUv s{]mt_jWÀamcpsS (Approved Probationer) Hcp ]«nI X¿mdm¡n
{]kn²oIcnt¡XmWv. C¯c¯nepÅ A{]qhvUv s{]mt_jWÀamcnÂ
n¶pw tbmKyX tSnb Poh¡msc DÄs¸Sp¯n hIp¸v Xe s{]mtamj³
I½nän (DPC- Lower) tNÀ¶v skeIvSv enÌv (Select List) X¿mdm¡pIbpw
A{]ImcapÅ skeIvSv enÌnse ap³KWm{Iaw ]men¨psImv XlknÂZmÀ/
konbÀ kq{]v XkvXnIbnte¡v Øm¡bäw AphZn¡pIbpamWv
thXv. XpSÀ¶v taÂ D]JÞnIIfnse amZÞ§Ä {]Imcw kontbmdnän
]«nIIÄ X¿mdm¡pIbmWv thXv.
8. kontbmdnän enÌpIfpsS {]kn²s¸Sp¯Âþ (1) em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ FÃm XmÂ¡menI/ Ańa kontbmdnän
]«nIIfpw Ah AwKoIcn¨mepS³ www.clr.kerala.gov.in F¶ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI sh_vsskänÂ {]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpw hnhn[
dhyq HmôkpIfnÂ {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶Xnte¡mbn FÃm Hmôkv
ta[mhnIÄ¡pw PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ aptJ Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv. IqSmsX
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C¯c¯nÂ XmÂ¡menI/Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ {]kn²oIcn¨n«pÅ
hnhcw ]{Xam[ya§Ä aptJ {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶Xnte¡mbn ]»nIv
dntej³kv hIp¸v UbdIvSÀ¡v bYmkab§fnÂ Bhiyamb nÀt±i§Ä
ÂtIXpamWv.
(2) XmÂ¡menI/ Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ e`yambmepS³ FÃm
Hmôkv ta[mhnIfpw X§fpsS Imcymeb§fnÂ Ah {]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpw
C{]Imcw {]kn²s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨v _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ
Hcp km£y]{Xw X¿mdm¡n A¯cw ]«nIIÄ e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp
amk¯nIw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
9. A¸À Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌp apXÂ s^bÀ tIm¸n kq{]v hscbpÅ
XkvXnIIfnsebpw tIm¬^nU³jyÂ AknÌâ v XkvXnIbnsebpw
kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄ þ (1) _Ôs¸« XkvXnIIfnse HgnhpIÄ, HgnhpIÄ
Dmb XobXn F¶nh Xn«s¸Sp¯n ôUÀ ImäKdnbnÂ n¶pw s{]mtamj³
aptJbpw tIm¬^nU³jyÂ AknÌâ v XkvXnIbnÂ tcn«pw nbaw
S¯pIbpw XmÂ¡menI kontbmdnän ]«nI X¿mdm¡n {]kn²oIcn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶p. XpSÀ¶v taÂ JÞnIIfnÂ ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ {]Imcw Bt£]§Ä
XoÀ¸m¡ns¡mpw PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw XmÂ¡menI ]«nIIÄ
{]kn²s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨ km£y]{Xw e`yam¡ns¡mpw Ańa
kontbmdnän ]«nI X¿mdm¡n AwKoIcn¨v {]kn²s¸Spt¯XmWv.
10. A¸oepIÄþ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AwKoIcn¨v {]kn²oIcn¡p¶
Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nIIÄs¡Xnsc Bt£]apÅ GsXmcp Poh¡mcpw
tIcf tÌäv & kt_mÀUntäv kÀÆokv N«§fnse N«w 27 _n {]Imcw
kÀ¡mÀ ap¼msI Hcp A¸oÂ ^bÂ sN¿mhp¶XmWv. Ańa kontbmdnän
]«nIIÄ {]kn²s¸Sp¯nb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 6 amk¯npÅnemWv
C¯c¯nÂ A¸oepIÄ ^bÂ sN¿mmIpI.
(kn) Øm¡bähpw Øewamähpw
11. hnhn[ XkvXnIIfnte¡pÅ s{]mtamjpIÄþ (1) kwØms¯
dhyq hIp¸nÂ nban¡s¸Sp¶ ¢mÀ¡v/hntÃPv AknÌâ v
XkvXnIbnepÄs¸«hsc kwØmsam«msI Hcp bqWnäv F¶p IW¡m¡n
A¯c¯nÂ nban¡s¸«hcpsS kwØmXe kontbmdnän ]«nI em³Uv
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dhyq I½ojWÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶p. C¯c¯nÂ AwKoIcn¨v
{]kn²oIcn¡p¶ Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nIbnepÄs¸« Poh¡mÀ aäp
Xc¯nÂ tbmKyX tSnbn«pÅ ]£w Ahsc kontbmdnän {Iaw ]men¨v
HgnhpÅ konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnte¡v
nbant¡XmWv. C¯c¯nÂ konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ
XkvXnIbnte¡v AÀlcmb ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv AknÌâpamsc s{]mtamj³
ÂIn nbant¡p¶ NpaXe em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p thn
nÀÆln¡p¶Xnv em³Uv dhyq tPmbnâ v/ sU]yq«n/AUojWÂ I½ojWÀ
NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
(2) tIcfm tÌäv & kt_mÀUntäv kÀÆokv N«§fnse N«w 13A(i)(a)
bnse hyhØIÄ {]Imcw XmÂ¡menI s{]mtamj³ e`n¨n«pÅ ]«nIPmXn/
]«nIhÀK hn`mK¯nÂs¸« Poh¡mÀ nÝnX aq¶p hÀj¡mebfhnpÅnÂ
sSÌv tbmKyXIÄ tSnbn«nÃm¯ ]£w {]kvXpX Imemh[n
]qÀ¯nbmbmepS³ A¯c¡msc Xcw Xmgv¯p¶Xnte¡mbn _Ôs¸« PnÃm
IfIvSÀamÀ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v BbXv kw_Ôn¨ hnhcw dnt¸mÀ«v
sNt¿Xpw dnt¸mÀ«v e`yambmepS³ Bhiyamb ]cntim[ S¯n em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ _Ôs¸« Poh¡msc ¢mÀ¡v/hntÃPv AknÌâ v
XkvXnIbnte¡v Xcw Xmgv¯ns¡mv D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡XpamWv.
(3) konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/ kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnepÄs¸«
Poh¡mcpsS Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nIbnÂ n¶pw tbmKycmbhsc slUv
¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq C³kvs]IvSÀ/ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnte¡pw slUv
¢mÀ¡v/ dhyq C³kvs]IvSÀ/ hntÃPv HmôkÀ XkvXnIbnepÄs¸«
Poh¡mcpsS Ańa kontbmdnän ]«nIbnÂ n¶pw tbmKycmbhsc sU]yq«n
XlknÂZmÀ/ PqnbÀ kq{]v XkvXnIbnte¡pw s{]mtamj³ ÂIn
nban¡p¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq tPmbnâ v /sU]yq«n/AUojWÂ I½ojWÀ
(4) sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ/ PqnbÀ kq{]v XkvXnIbnse
Poh¡mcpsS kontbmdnän ]«nIbnepÄs¸« A{]qhvUv s{]mt_jWÀamcnÂ
n¶pw tbmKycmbhsc DÄs¸Sp¯n hIp¸pXe s{]mtamj³ I½nän (temhÀ)
X¿mdm¡p¶ skeIvSv enÌnÂ (Select List) n¶pw sSÌv, s{Sbnn§v
tbmKyXIfpw kontbmdnänbpw amZÞam¡n XlknÂZmÀ/konbÀ kq{]v
XkvXnIbnte¡v s{]mtamj³ ÂIn nbaw S¯p¶Xnv S]SnIÄ
kzoIcnt¡Xv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ BIp¶p.
12. hIp¸pXe s{]mtamj³ I½nänIÄ þ (1) dhyq hIp¸nse XlknÂZmÀ/
konbÀ kq{]v XkvXnIbnte¡v s{]mtamj³ ÂIp¶XnpÅ skeIvSv
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enÌv X¿mdm¡p¶Xnmbn Hcp temhÀ hIp¸pXe s{]mtamj³ I½nänbpw
(DPC- Lower) sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ XkvXnIbnte¡v s{]mtamj³ ÂIn nbaw
S¯p¶XnpÅ skeIvSv enÌv X¿mdm¡p¶Xnmbn Hcp lbÀ hIp¸pXe
s{]mtamj³ I½nänbpw (DPC- Higher) {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶p. temhÀ hIp¸pXe
s{]mtamj³ I½nänbpsS LS NphsS tNÀ¡pw {]ImcamWv.
(i) tIcfm ]»nIv kÀÆokv
I½ojnse AwKw þ sNbÀam³
(ii) dhyq sk{I«dn þ sa¼À
(iii) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ þ I¬hoÀ
(2) hIp¸pXe s{]mtamj³ I½nän (temhÀ) bpsS tbmKw
tNcp¶XnpÅ S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡Xv I½nänbpsS I¬hoÀ IqSnbmb
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXebmWv. CXnte¡mbn Hmtcm IeÀ
hÀjhpw Ahkm cp amk§fnsem¶nÂ I½nänbpsS tbmKw hnfn¨p
tNÀt¡Xpw sXm«Sp¯ IeÀ hÀj¯nse {]Xo£nX HgnhpIfpsS
F®¯npkrXambn s{]mtamj³ hgn nbaw S¯p¶XnmhiyambXpw
ôUÀ ImäKdn kontbmdnän enÌnÂ DÄs¸«Xpamb sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ/
PqnbÀ kq{]pamcnÂ n¶pw tbmKyXbpsSbpw kontbmdnänbpsSbpw
ASnØm¯nÂ A{]qhvUv s{]mt_jWÀamsc sXcsªSp¯v skeIvSv enÌv
X¿mdmt¡Xpw BbXv HutZymKnI KkänÂ hnÚm]w sNt¿XpamWv.
C¯c¯nÂ {]kn²oIcn¡p¶ hnÚm]¯nepÄs¸« Poh¡mscbmWv
kontbmdnänbpsS ASnØm¯nÂ XlknÂZmÀ/konbÀ kq{]v
XkvXnIbnte¡v s{]mtamj³ hgn nbant¡Xv.
(3) sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ XkvXnIbnte¡v s{]mtamj³ aptJ nbaw
S¯p¶Xv kÀ¡mcmWv. CXnte¡mbn tIcf ]»nIv kÀÆokv I½ojnse
Hcp AwKw sNbÀammbpw dhyq hIp¸v sk{I«dn I¬hodmbpw em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ AwKambpapÅ Hcp hIp¸pXe s{]mtamj³ I½nän (lbÀ)
tNÀ¶v ôUÀ ImäKdnbnse kontbmdnän ]«nIbnÂ n¶pw ASp¯ hÀjs¯
sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ XkvXnIbnse {]Xo£nX s{]mtamj³ nba
XkvXnIIfpsS F®¯nv Bp]mXnIamb F®w Poh¡mcpsS Hcp skeIvSv
enÌv X¿mdm¡n HutZymKnI KkänÂ hnÚm]w sN¿pIbpw BbXnsâ
ASnØm¯nÂ s{]mtamj³ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. hIp¸pXe
s{]mtamj³ I½nän (lbÀ) hnfn¨p tNÀt¡Xv dhyq hIp¸v sk{I«dnbpsS
NpaXebmIp¶p.
13. Øew amä§Ä þ konbÀ ¢mÀ¡v/ kvs]jyÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ apXÂ
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XlknÂZmÀ hscbpw A¸À Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv apXÂ s^bÀ tIm¸n kq{]v
hscbpapÅ XkvXnIIfnepÄs¸« Poh¡mcpsS Øewamä nba§Ä
S¯p¶XnpÅ A[nImcw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdnÂ / tPmbnâ v
I½ojWdnÂ n£n]vXamWv. CXpIqSmsX Hmtcm hÀjhpw Hmtcm PnÃbnepw
{]thi XkvXnIIfnepmIp¶ HgnhpIfpsS 10% HgnhpIfnte¡v A´À
PnÃm/A´À hIp¸v amä§fpw Hgnhv, At]£IcpsS tbmKyX F¶nh ]cnKWn¨v
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AphZn¨p hcp¶p.
(Un) Imcymeb§Ä ]pXpXmbn Bcw`n¡epw
XpSÀ¨mpaXnbpw
14. ]pXnb HmôkpIfpsS cq]oIcWhpw XkvXnI krjvSn¡epwþ (1)
GsX¦nepw ]pXnb ]²XnIfpsS S¯n¸nmtbm {]tXyI
Bhiy§Ä¡mtbm (DZm:þ ]«bhnXcWw, `qan ]Xnhv, `qan GsäSp¡Â
apXembh) ]pXnb HmôkpIÄ cq]oIcnt¡Xmbn h¶mÂ CXp
kw_Ôambn PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ X¿mdm¡n ÂIp¶ dnt¸mÀ«nsâ
ASnØm¯nÂ hniZamb ip]mÀi X¿mdm¡n kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸n¡m³
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ ]pXnb HmôkpIÄ Bcw`n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn
kÀ¡mcnte¡v ip]mÀi kaÀ¸n¡pt¼mÄ NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ hnhc§Ä
DÄs¡mÅn¨n«ps¶v Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv.
(i) ]²XnbpsS Imebfhv
(ii) Hmôkv BØmw kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä
(iii) Hmôknsâ {]hÀ¯ Imebfhv
(iv) XkvXnIIfpsS hnhchpw XkvXnIIfpsS F®hpw
(v) FÌm»njvsaâ v sNehv kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä
15. XmÂ¡menI XkvXnIIfpsS XpÀ¨mpaXnþ (1) Hcp {]tXyI
Bhiy¯ntm ]²Xn S¯n¸ntm Bbn Bcw`n¨ncp¶ HmôkpIÄ nÝnX
Imebfhv ]n¶n«tijhpw {]hÀ¯ e£yw ssIhcn¨n«nsÃ¦nÂ A¯cw
HmôkpIfnÂ nÝnX Imebfhnte¡v XmÂ¡menIambn AphZn¨ncp¶
XkvXnIIÄ¡v XpSÀ¨mpaXn e`yam¡p¶Xnmbn kÀ¡mcnte¡v ip]mÀi
kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pÅ dnt¸mÀ«v, s]mXp
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acma¯v sa¡mn¡Â hn`mKw AknÌâ v FIvknIyq«ohv F©nobdnÂ n¶pÅ
Fk³jymenän kÀ«n^n¡äv, Ft¡mWan kÀ«n^n¡äv F¶nh e`yam¡n
]cntim[n¨mIWw {]hÀ¯ e£yw ssIhcn¡p¶Xnp IqSpXÂ Imebfhv
Bhiys¸«psImv hniZamb ip]mÀi X¿mdm¡n kÀ¡mcnte¡v
kaÀ¸nt¡Xv.
16. {]hÀ¯ e£yw ]qÀ¯nbm¡nb HmôkpIfpsS {]hÀ¯w
nÀ¯em¡Âþ {]tXyI Bhiy¯nmbn {]hÀ¯w Bcw`n¨ HmôkpIÄ
{]hÀ¯ e£yw ssIhcn¨Xmbn t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w A¯cw
HmôkpIfpsS {]hÀ¯w Ahkmn¸n¡p¶Xnmbn kÀ¡mcnte¡v ip]mÀi
kaÀ¸nt¡ NpaXebpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v Bbncn¡p¶XmWv.
C¯cw kwKXnIfnÂ {]hÀ¯w nÀt¯ Hmôknsâ dn¡mÀUpIÄ GXv
Hmôknsâ dn¡mÀUpIfnte¡mWv Iq«n tNÀt¡Xv F¶ hnhchpw
dnt¸mÀ«nÂ DÄs¡mÅnt¡XmWv.
(C) tkhIme ]cnioe ]cn]mSnIÄ
17. hIp¸pXe ]cnioe§Ä þ dhyq hIp¸nse hnhn[ XkvXnIIfnÂ
s{]mt_j³ ]qÀ¯nbm¡p¶Xnmbn AXmXv XkvXnIIÄ¡pff {]tXyI
kÀÆokv N«§Ä {]Imcw nÀ®bn¡s¸« hIp¸pXe ]cnioe§fmWv
sNbn³ kÀsÆ, lbÀ kÀsÆ F¶nh. dhyq hIp¸nÂ hnhn[ XkvXnIIfnÂ
nban¡s¸Sp¶ DtZymKØsc C¯cw ]cnioe§Ä¡v ntbmKnt¡
D¯chmZn¯w em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v Bbncn¡p¶XmWv. F¶mÂ
sNbn³ kÀsÆ, lbÀ kÀsÆ ]cnioe§Ä¡pff kÀsÆ ¢mkpIfpsS
S¯n¸v kÀsÆ hIp¸v UbdIvSdpsS nb{´W¯nepw taÂtm«¯nepw
Bbncn¡p¶XmWv. Ch IqSmsX dhyq hIp¸nÂ ssIImcyw sNbvXp hcp¶
hnhn[ hnjb§Ä kw_Ôn¨v, Xncph´]pc¯v {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶
C³Ìnäyq«v H^v em³Uv B³Uv UnkmÌÀ amtPvsa³dv tI{µw aptJ {]tXyI
]cnioe ]cn]mSnIfpw S¯nhcp¶p.
(i) sNbn³ kÀsÆ
18. sNbn³ kÀsÆ ]cnioew þ (1) dhyq hIp¸nse ¢mÀ¡v /hntÃPv
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AknÌâ v apXÂ hntÃPv HmôkÀ hscbpff XkvXnIIfnse nbaw,
nÀ_ÔnX tbmKyXIÄ, hIp¸pXe ]co£m tbmKyXIÄ F¶nh kw_Ôn¨
hyhØIfpffXv 1985 se tIcfm annÌocnbÂ kt_mÀUntäv kÀÆokv
{]tXyI N«§fnemWv. {]kvXpX N«§fnse 11þmw N«w {]Imcw dhyq hIp¸nÂ
¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv AknÌâ v XkvXnIbnÂ nbaw e`n¡p¶ GsXmcmfpw
nco£W ImebfhnpffnÂ nÀ_Ôambpw sNbn³ kÀsÆ ]co£
]mkmtIXpv.
(2) ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv AknÌâpamcpsS nbaw PnÃmSnØm¯nÂ
BIbmÂ C¯c¯nepff Poh¡mÀ nbanXcmbmepS³ {]kvXpX
Poh¡msc kw_Ôn¨ hniZmwi§Ä _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. C{]Imcw PnÃIfnÂ n¶pw
e`n¡p¶ hnhc§Ä t{ImUoIcn¨v kontbmdnän {Ia¯nÂ cPnÌdnÂ
tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡Xpw kontbmdnänbpsS ASnØm¯nÂ
Poh¡msc sNbn³ kÀsÆ ]cnioe¯nmbn ntbmKn¨psImv em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ S]Sn{Iaw (Proceedings) ]pds¸Sphnt¡XpamWv.
(3) ]cnioe¯nv ntbmKn¡s¸« GsX¦nepw Poh¡mcv
Hgn¨pIqSmmIm¯ ImcW§fmÂ {]kvXpX ]cnioe ]cn]mSnbnÂ
]s¦Sp¡m³ IgnbmsX hcp¶ ]£w CXnte¡mbn Hmôkv ta[mhn aptJ
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v At]£ kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. {]kvXpX
At]£bvs¡m¸w, C¯c¯nÂ ]cnioe ]cn]mSnbnÂ n¶pw hn«p
nÂt¡n hcp¶Xp nan¯w `mhnbnÂ kÀÆokv BpIqey§fnÂ
Dmtb¡mhp¶ jvS¯nv Poh¡mc³ am{Xw D¯chmZn Bbncn¡psa¶pw
sXm«Sp¯ _m¨nse ]cnioe¯nv lmPcmbns¡mffmsa¶papff hnhc§Ä
DÄs¸Sp¯n Poh¡mc³ X¿mdm¡n kaÀ¸n¡p¶ Hcp kXyhmMvaqew IqSn
DÄs¡mffn¨ncnt¡Xpw BbXv Hmôkv ta[mhn km£ys¸Spt¯XpamWv.
]cnKWmÀlamb At]£IÄ AphZn¡mhp¶Xpw hnhcw cPnÌdnÂ
tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw C¯c¯nÂ XmÂ¡menIambn Hgnhm¡nbn«pff
Poh¡msc sXm«Sp¯ _m¨nepÄs¸Sp¯n ]cnioe¯np
ntbmKnt¡XpamWv.
19.]cnioeImew, ]mTy]²Xn F¶nhþ (1) sNbn³ kÀsÆ ]cnioew
Hcp amk ImebfhnembmWv nPs¸Sp¯nbn«pffXv. ]cnioe ]cn]mSn
Bcw`n¡p¶ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw IpdªXv 30 Znhk§Ä¡p ap¼mbn Xs¶
Poh¡msc ]cnioe¯np ntbmKn¨psImpff S]Sn{Iaw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ ]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI
sh_vsskänÂ BbXv {]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpw ]IÀ¸pIÄ PnÃmIfIvSÀamÀ¡v
CþsabnÂ aptJ Ab¨psImSpt¡XpamWv. Hcp ]cnioe tI{µ¯nÂ
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sNbn³ kÀsÆ ]cnioe¯nmbn ]camh[n 30 t]sc am{Xta ntbmKn¡m³
]mSpffq.
(2) ]cnioew Bcw`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw cp Znhk§Ä¡pffnÂ
sNbn³ kÀsÆ tImgvknÂ {]thiw tSnbhcpsS hnhc§fpw ]cnioe
]cn]mSn ]qÀ¯nbmbmepS³ ]cnioew ]qÀ¯nbm¡nb FÃmhcpsSbpw lmPÀ
hnhc§fpw ]cnioe tI{µ¯nÂ n¶pw tiJcnt¡Xpw
]coioemÀ°nIfpsS hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£n¨n«pff cPnÌdnÂ Hmtcm
Poh¡mcsâbpw t]cnp tÀ¡v ntbmKn¡s¸« ]cnioe tI{µ¯nsâ
t]cphnhc§Ä, ]cnioe Imebfhv, ]cnioew ]qÀ¯nbm¡nb hnhcw
F¶nh tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡Xpw BbXv sk£³ kq{]v
km£ys¸Spt¯XpamWv.
(3) Hcp amk ssZÀLyapff sNbn³ kÀsÆ tImgvknsâ ]mTy]²Xn
kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä tIcfm kÀsÆ amzensâ XXIIIþmw A²ymb¯nÂ
hniZam¡nbncn¡p¶p.
20.CfhpIÄ kw_Ôn¨ hyhØIÄþ (1) ¢mÀ¡v/ hntÃPv AknÌâmbn
]»nIv kÀÆokv I½oj³ sXcsªSp¯n«pff ]«nIPmXn, ]«nIhÀ¤
hn`mK§fnÂs¸« At]£IÀ¡v sNbn³ kÀsÆ ]co£ hnPbn¡p¶Xnmbn
]camh[n aq¶v Ahkc§Ä AphZn¡mhp¶XmWv. IqSmsX 40 iXamtam
AXne[nItam imcocnI sshIeyapff hnIemwK Poh¡mÀ¡v, ^oÂUv
tPmenIÄ DÄs¸Sp¶ XkvXnIIfnte¡v ntbmKn¡nÃ F¶ n_ÔtbmsS
sNbn³ kÀsÆ ]co£ ]mkmIp¶XnÂ n¶pw Cfhv AphZn¨n«pffXpamWv.
(ii) lbÀ kÀsÆ
21. lbÀ kÀsÆ ]cnioewþ (1) 1980 se tIcfm dhyq kt_mÀUntäv
kÀÆokv N«§fnemWv sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀamcpsS nbaw, tbmKyXIÄ
F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ hyhØIfpÅXv. sU]yq«n XlknÂZmcmbn nbaw
e`n¨ GsXmcmfpw nco£W ImebfhnpÅnÂ lbÀ kÀsÆ ]co£
hnPbn¨ncn¡Wsa¶v {]kvXpX N«§fnse N«w 10(5) Â hyhØ
sNbvXncn¡p¶p. hIp¸pXe ]cnioeamIbmÂ sU]yq«n XlknÂZmcmbn
nban¡s¸« Poh¡msc DS³ Xs¶ kontbmdnänbpsS ASnØm¯nÂ
lbÀ kÀsÆ ]cnioe¯np ntbmKn¡p¶Xnv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
(2) sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀamcpsS nba D¯chpIfpsS
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ASnØm¯nepw Poh¡mcpsS kontbmdnänbpsS ASnØm¯nepw
]cnioemÀ°nIfpsS ]«nI X¿mdm¡n cPnÌdnÂ tNÀ¯v ]cnioe¯np
ntbmKn¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ S]Sn{Iaw (Proceedings)
]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv. cpamkw ssZÀLyapÅ lbÀkÀsÆ tImgvknsâ
Hcp _m¨nte¡v ]camh[n 30 Poh¡msc am{Xta ntbmKn¡m³ ]mSpÅq.
22. ]cnioe Imehpw aäp n_ÔIfpwþ (1) lbÀ kÀsÆ ]cnioe
]cn]mSn Bcw`n¡p¶Xnv IpdªXv 30 Znhk§Ä¡p ap¼msb¦nepw CXp
kw_Ôn¨ S]Sn{Iaw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AwKoIcnt¡Xpw BbXv
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS HutZymKnI sh_vsskänÂ
{]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpw ]IÀ¸pIÄ PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ¡v CþsabnÂ aptJ
Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
(2) ]cnioew Bcw`n¨mepS³ Xs¶ ]cnioe]cn]mSnbnÂ cPnÌÀ
sNbvX Poh¡mcpsS hnhc§fpw ]cnioe ]cn]mSn ]qÀ¯nbmbepS³
]cnioew tSnb FÃm Poh¡mcpsSbpw lmPÀ hnhc§fpw ]cnioe
tI{µ§fnÂ n¶pw tiJcnt¡Xpw ]cnioemÀ°nIfpsS hnhc§Ä
tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£n¡p¶ cPnÌdnÂ AXmXv Poh¡mcsâ t]cnp tÀ¡v
]cnioe¯nmbn ntbmKn¡s¸« tI{µ¯nsâ t]cphnhc§Ä, ]cnioe
Imebfhv, ]cnioew ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbn«pÅXnsâ hnhc§Ä F¶nh
tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw BbXv sk£³ kq{]v km£ys¸Spt¯XpamWv.
(3) ]cnioe¯nv ntbmKn¡s¸« GsX¦nepw Poh¡mcv
AhnNmcnXhpw Hgn¨p IqSmmIm¯Xpamb ImcW§fmÂ {]kvXpX ]cnioe
]cn]mSnbnÂ ]s¦Sp¡mmImsX hcp¶ ]£w BbXnÂ n¶pw Hgnhm¡n
In«p¶Xnmbn Hm^okv ta[mhn aptJ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI
At]£ t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. {]kvXpX At]£bvs¡m¸w, C¯c¯nÂ
]cnioe ]cn]mSnbnÂ n¶pw hn«p nÂt¡n hcp¶Xp nan¯w `mhnbnse
kÀÆokv BpIqey§fnepmtb¡mhp¶ jvS¯nv Poh¡mc³
am{Xambncn¡pw D¯chmZnsb¶pw sXm«Sp¯ _m¨nse ]cnioe¯nÂ
]s¦Sp¯psImÅmsa¶papÅ hnhc§Ä tNÀ¯v Hcp kXyhmMvaqew DÅS¡w
sNbvXncnt¡Xpw BbXv Hm^okv ta[mhn km£ys¸Spt¯XpamWv.
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ C¯cw At]£IÄ ]cntim[n¨v kXzc S]SnIÄ
kzoIcnt¡Xpw At]£Is ]cnioe ]cn]mSnbnÂ n¶pw
XmÂ¡menIambn Hgnhm¡p¶Xnv Xocpamn¡p¶ ]£w {]kvXpX hnhcw
cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw C¯c¯nÂ XmÂ¡menIambn Hgnhm¡p¶
Poh¡msc sXm«Sp¯ _m¨nepÄs¸Sp¯n ]cnioe¯nmbn
ntbmKnt¡XpamWv.
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23. ]mTy ]²Xnþ (1) cp amk ssZÀLyapÅ lbÀ kÀsÆ tImgvknsâ
]pXp¡nb ]mTy]²Xn NphsS tNÀ¡pw {]ImcamWv.
I BZy mev BgvNIÄ
(i) ASnØm KWnXw, PymanXn F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ {]mYanI
hnhc§Ä
(ii) em³Uv kÀsÆ, tSmt¸m{K^n¡Â kÀsÆ, IUmkv{SÂ kÀsÆ, dhyq
kÀsÆbnse hnhn[ S]SnIÄ (Processes) F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ ASnØm
hnhc§Ä
(iii) {Smthgvkv IW¡p Iq«Â (kbân^nIv ImÂIpteäÀ D]tbmKn¨v)
(iv) Akvt{SmWan¡Â kÀsÆ, PntbmsUänIv kÀsÆ F¶nh
kw_Ôn¨ ASnØm hnhc§Ä
II Ahkm mev BgvNIÄ
(i) enkvImUv (Liscad) tkm^väv shbÀ (7 Znhkw)
(ii) tSm«Â tÌj³ kÀsÆ (10 Znhkw)
(iii) tSm«Â tÌj³ kÀsÆbpsS Hm^okv tPmenIÄ (3 Znhkw)
(iv) Pn.]n.Fkv. kÀsÆ (3 Znhkw)
24. ]co£bnÂ hnPbn¡m¯hÀ¡v hopw ]co£sbgpXp¶XnpÅ
S]SnIÄ þ lbÀ kÀsÆ ]cnioew ]qÀ¯nbmIpIbpw F¶mÂ ]co£bnÂ
]cmPbs¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶hÀ¡v hopw ]cnioe ¢mknÂ ]s¦Sp¡msX
Xs¶ ]co£bv¡v lmPcmImhp¶XmWv. CXnte¡mbn em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v At]£ kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw BbXv ]cntim[n¨v XpSÀ¶p hcp¶
tImgvknsâ Ahkm ]co£bv¡ncn¡m³ A¯c¡msc AphZn¨psImv
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ D¯chp ]pds¸Sphnt¡XpamWv.
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(iii) aäp tkhIme ]cnioe§Ä
25. sF.FÂ.Un.Fw. ]cnioewþ em³Uv dhyq hIp¸nÂ ssIImcyw sNbvXp
hcp¶ hnhn[§fmb hnjb§Ä kw_Ôn¨v Xncph´]pcw tI{µam¡n
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶ dhyq hIp¸np IognepÅ ]cnioe tI{µamb C³Ìnäyq«v
Hm^v em³Uv B³Uv UnkmÌÀ amtPvsaâ v aptJ tkhIme ]cnioe
]cn]mSnIÄ kwLSn¸n¨p hcp¶p. Iw]yq«À ]cnioew, hnhn[ nba§sfbpw
N«§sfbpw A[nIcn¨pÅ ]cnioe ]cn]mSnIÄ F¶nhbmWv {]kvXpX
]cnioe tI{µw aptJ dhyq Pnh¡mÀ¡v ÂInhcp¶Xv.
(2) Induction Training, ProspectiveTraining F¶n§s hyXyØ§fmb
]cnioe ]cn]mSnIfmWv hnhn[ hnjb§Ä DÄs¸Sp¯n S¸nem¡n hcp¶Xv.
hÀjmhÀjw sF.FÂ.Un.Fw X¿mdm¡p¶ s{Sbnn§v IeÀ ]cntim[n¨v
DÄs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ hnjb§Ä, tImgvknsâ kab ssZÀLyw F¶nhbnÂ
t`ZKXnIÄ thXps¦nÂ BbXp kw_Ôn¨ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
sF.FÂ.Un.Fw. UbdIvSÀ¡v aXnbmb nÀt±i§Ä ÂtIXmWv.
(F^v) A¨S¡ S]Sn
26. A¨S¡ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶XnpÅ A[nImcnIÄþ (1) em³Uv
dhyq hIp¸nse Hm^okv Aä³Uâ v, hntÃPv ^oÂUv AknÌâ v
XkvXnIIfnepÅ Poh¡mÀs¡Xnsc tIcfm knhnÂ kÀÆokv (I¬t{SmÄ,
¢mkn^nt¡j³ & A¸oÂ) N«§fnse N«w 11(1) {]ImcapÅ FÃmhn[
in£Ifpw Npa¯p¶Xnv PnÃm IfIvSÀamsc A[nImcs¸Sp¯nbncn¡p¶p.
F¶mÂ ¢mÀ¡v apXÂ XlknÂZmÀhscbpw temhÀ Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv apXÂ
s^bÀ tIm¸n kq{]v hscbpapÅ Poh¡mÀs¡Xnsc N«w 11(1) {]ImcapÅ
in£IfnÂ v(A) hscbmbn ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ in£IÄ Npa¯p¶XnpÅ
A[nImcn PnÃm IfIvSdpw vi, vii, viii F¶nh {]ImcapÅ in£IÄ
Npa¯p¶Xnpapff A[nImcn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpamWv. AXmbXv
¢mÀ¡p apXÂ XlknÂZmÀhscbpw temhÀ Unhnj³ ssS¸nÌv apXÂ s^bÀ
tIm¸n kq{]v hscbpapÅ XkvXnIIfnse Poh¡mÀs¡Xnsc A¨S¡
S]SnIfpambn _Ôs¸« ITn in£Ifmb (Major Penalties) tkh¯nÂ
n¶pw o¡w sN¿Â, Xcw Xmgv¯Â, nÀ_ÔnX hncan¡enp nÀt±in¡Â
F¶nh Npa¯p¶XnpÅ A¨S¡m[nImcn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ BIp¶p.
(2) D]JÞnI (1) se NpaXeIÄ IqSmsX em³Uv dhyq hIp¸nse
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GsXmcp Poh¡mÀs¡Xnscbpw tIcf knhnÂ kÀÆokkv (kn.kn.F)N«§Ä
{]Imcw PnÃm IfIvSÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ GsXmcp¯chnsXnscbpapÅ
A¸oe[nImcnbmbpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ {]hÀ¯nt¡XmWv.
27. eLpin£bpw ITn in£Ifpwþ Poh¡mÀ¡ptaÂ Npa¯mhp¶
in£Isf kw_Ôn¨ hyhØIfpÅXv 1960 se tIcfm knhnÂ kÀÆokpIÄ
(kn.kn.F) N«§fnse 11þmw N«¯nemWv. {]kvXpX N«¯nse 1þmw
D]N«¯nse BZy mev C§fnÂ ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ in£IÄ eLpin£Ifpw
XpSÀ¶v A©p apXÂ H³]Xphscbmbn tNÀ¯n«pÅh ITnin£IfpamIp¶p.
eLpin£IÄ, ITnin£IÄ F¶nh NphsS tNÀ¡p¶hbmWv.
I - eLpin£IÄ
(F) sk³jzÀ (Censure)
(_n) ]ng Npa¯Â
(kn) XmÂ¡menIambn hmÀjnI thX hÀ²thm (Annual
Increment) Øm¡bätam XSbÂ
(Un) kÀ¡mcnpmb km¼¯nI jvSw Hcp nÝnX Imebfhnse
i¼f¯nÂ n¶pw CuSm¡p¶Xv.
II - ITnin£IÄ
(F) hmÀjnI C³{Insaâ v k©nX ^et¯msS XSbpI
(_n) tkh¯nÂ n¶pw o¡w sN¿pI
(kn) nÀ_ÔnX hncan¡env nÀt±in¡pI
(Un) tkh¯nÂ n¶pw ]pd´ÅpI
(C) s]³jnÂ Ipdhp hcp¯pI
Ipdn¸v : A¨S¡ S]SnbpsS `mKambn s]³j³ XpIbnÂ Ipdhp hcp¯p¶Xnpff
A[nImcw kÀ¡mcnÂ am{Xw n£n]vXamWv.
28. A¨S¡ S]Sn tIkpIfnÂ kzoIcnt¡ S]SnIÄþ (1)
eLpin£IÄ Npat¯ tIkpIfnÂ Btcm]W hnt[bmb/hnt[bmb
Poh¡mcv/Poh¡mcn¡v nÀ±njvS amXrIbnepff Ipä]{Xw/Iqämtcm]W
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]{XnI em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ÂtIXpw FXnÀhmZ§Ä
t_m[n¸n¡p¶Xnv 15 Znhks¯ kab]cn[n AphZnt¡XpamWv.
FXnÀhmZ ]{XnI e`yamb tijw Bhiysa¦nÂ tIknsâ nPØnXn
]cntim[n¡p¶Xnmbn asämcp DtZymKØs NpaXes¸Sp¯mhp¶Xpw
XpSÀ¶v Ipämtcm]nXs em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ tcnÂ tIÄt¡XpamWv.
Ipä]{Xw, FXnÀhmZ]{XnI, tcnÂ tI« Ahkc¯nÂ Ipämtcm]nX³
t_m[n¸n¨ hkvXpXIÄ F¶nhbpsS ASnØm¯nÂ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw BbXv D¯chnsâ cq]¯nÂ
Bbncnt¡XpamWv. D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨mepS³ BbXnsâ ]IÀ¸pIÄ
_Ôs¸« I£n¡pw A§sbpÅbmfnsâ Hm^okv ta[mhn¡pw Ab¨p
sImSpt¡XpamWv.
(2) ITn in£ Npat¯XmsW¶v A¨S¡m[nImcn IcpXp¶
tIkpIfnÂ Btcm]W hnt[bmb DtZymKØv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
Ipä]{Xw, Ipämtcm]W ]{XnI F¶nh ÂtIXpw BbXnpÅ FXnÀ
hmZ ]{XnI 15 Znhk¯npÅnÂ t_m[n¸n¡Wsa¶v nÀt±int¡XpamWv.
Ipä]{X¯nv B[mcamb tcJIÄ ]cntim[n¡p¶Xntm Bhiyamb
hnhc§Ä Ipdns¨Sp¡p¶Xntm Ipämtcm]nXs AphZnt¡XmWv.
F¶mÂ {]kvXpX hnjbhpambn bmsXmcp _ÔhpanÃm¯sXt¶m s]mXp
XmÂ]cymÀ°w A¯cw tcJIfpsS ]cntim[ A`nejWobsat¶m
A¨S¡m[nImcn¡v A`n{]mbapÅ ]£w A¯cw tcJIÄ ]cntim[n¡p¶Xv
AphZnt¡XnÃm¯XmWv.
(3) Ipämtcm]nXcnÂ n¶pw FXnÀhmZ ]{XnI nÝnX kab¯npÅnÂ
e`n¨n«pÅ ]£w BbXv hniZ ]cntim[bv¡v hnt[bamt¡Xpw
Ipämtcm]W§Ä ntj[n¨n«pÅ ]£w tIcf knhnÂ kÀÆokkv (kn.kn.F)
N«§fnse N«w 15(2) {]Imcw Ipämtcm]nXmb DtZymKØsâ ]Zhn¡p
X¯peytam DbÀ¶tXm Bb ]ZhnbnepÅ Hcp DtZymKØs Hu]NmcnI
AtzjW¯nmbn nban¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ D¯chv
]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw nÝnX ImebfhnpÅnÂ dnt¸mÀ«v
kaÀ¸nt¡XmsW¶v A¯c¯nÂ ntbmKn¡s¸Sp¶ AtzjW
DtZymKØtmSv nÀt±int¡XpamWv.
(4) Hu]NmcnI AtzjW dnt¸mÀ«v e`yambmepS³ BbXnsâ ]IÀ¸v
Ipämtcm]nXv ssIamtdXpw BbXv kw_Ôn¨v Bt£]§Ä Ds¦nÂ
]camh[n 15 Znh§Ä¡pÅnÂ t_m[n¸n¡p¶Xnv nÀt±int¡XpamWv.
XpSÀ¶v Ipämtcm]nXs tcnÂ tI«psImpw _Ôs¸« tcJIÄ, Hu]NmcnI
AtzjW dnt¸mÀ«v F¶nh ]cnKWn¨pw DNnXamb D¯chv
]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv. F¶mÂ in£n¡p¶Xnv Xocpamn¡p¶nS¯v BbXv
XmÂ¡menI Xocpamambn _Ôs¸« Poh¡mcs Adnbnt¡Xpw
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{]kvXpX Xocpam¯nÂ Bt£]apÅ ]£w BbXv t_m[n¸v¡p¶Xnv
ymbamb kab]cn[n AphZnt¡XpamWv. {]kvXpX Bt£]w
t_m[n¸n¡s¸Sp¶ ]£w BbXp IqSn ]cntim[n¨v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
Ańa D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw ]IÀ¸pIÄ _Ôs¸« Poh¡mcpw
A§sbpÅbmfnsâ Hmôkv ta[mhn¡pw AN¿psImSpt¡XpamWv. tIcfm
knhnÂ kÀhokkv (kn.kn.F) N«§fnse N«w 11 {]Imcw in£ Npa¯p¶
kwKXnIfnÂ {]kvXpX hnhcw _Ôs¸« Poh¡mcsâ tkh ]pkvXI¯nÂ
tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw in£n¡s¸« Poh¡mc³ XlknÂZmÀ
XkvXnIbnepÅbmÄ BsW¦nÂ in£ kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä A¡uâ v
Pdens Adnbnt¡XpamWv.
29. Ipä]{Xw ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ hyhØþ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ A¨S¡S]Sn kzoIcn¡p¶ tIkpIfnÂ BbXv eLpin£
Npat¯Xmbmepw icn ITnin£ Npat¯Xmbmepw icn A¯cw
tIkpIfnÂ Ipä]{Xw ]pds¸Sphnt¡Xv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
tcn«mbncnt¡XmWv. IqSmsX Ipämtcm]nXsc tcnÂ tIÄt¡Xpw
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ tcn«mbncn¡Ww. C¯cw S]SnIÄ
kzoIncn¡p¶Xnv bmsXmcp ImcWhimepw aäptZymKØsc
NpaXes¸Sp¯phm³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv. eLpin£IÄ, ITnin£IÄ F¶nh
Npat¯Xmbn IcpXp¶ AtzjW§fpsS kwKXnbnÂ X¿mdmt¡
Ipä]{X§fpsS amXrIIÄ bYm{Iaw Ap_Ôwþ 3F, 3_n F¶n§sbmbn
tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
30. A¸oÂ, ]px]cntim[ F¶nhþ (1) PnÃm IfIvSÀ kzoIcn¨ A¨S¡
S]Sn kw_Ônt¨m em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ kzoIcn¨ A¨S¡ S]Sn
kw_Ônt¨m Bt£]apÅ Poh¡mcv BbXnv B[mcamb D¯chv
ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 2 amk§Ä¡pÅnembn bYm{Iaw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ ap¼msItbm kÀ¡mÀ ka£tam Hcp A¸oÂ
t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWvv. A¸oÂ At]£ _Ôs¸« Poh¡mcv tcnt«m
Hmôkv ta[mhn aptJtbm kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶Xpw tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶
D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸v BbXnÂ DÅS¡w sNbvXncnt¡XpamWv.
(2) nÝnX kab]cn[n¡pÅnÂ e`n¡p¶ A¸oepIfnÂ A¨S¡ S]Sn
ssIs¡m A[nImcnbnÂ n¶pw Imcyhnhc]{XnI e`yam¡ns¡mpw
_Ôs¸« tcJIÄ hnfn¨phcp¯n ]cntim[n¨psImpw A¸oÂ hmZnsb
tcnÂ tI«pw DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw Xocpam¯nsâ hnhcw A¸oÂ
hmZnsbbpw A¨S¡ S]Sn kzoIcn¨ A[nImcnsbbpw bYmkabw
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Adnbnt¡XpamWv.
(3) A¨S¡ S]Snbpambn _Ôs¸«v GsX¦nepw Poh¡mcsXnsc
1960 se tIcf knhnÂ kÀhokkv (kn.kn.F) N«§fnse N«w 11(1)
{]ImcapÅ GsX¦nepw in£ PnÃm IfIvSÀ Npa¯nbn«pÅ ]£w A¯cw
in£ Npa¯ns¡mpÅ GsXmcp¯chpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kzta[bmtbm _Ôs¸« Poh¡mc³ kaÀ¸n¨ At]£bnt·tem em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v ]px]cntim[n¡mhp¶XmWv. kzta[bm ]px]cntim[
S¯p¶ kwKXnbnÂ BbXv ]px]cntim[bv¡m[mcamb D¯chnsâ
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp hÀj¯nIambncnt¡Xpw At]£bpsS
kwKXnbnÂ BbXv D¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp amk¯nIw
kaÀ¸n¡s¸«ncn t¡XpamWv. _Ôs¸« dn¡mÀUpIÄ A¨S¡
A[nImcnbnÂ n¶pw hnfn¨phcp¯n ]cntim[n¨psImpw Ipämtcm]nXmb
Poh¡mc³ Hcp A¸oÂ ^bÂ sNbvXn«pmbncp¶mse¶Xp t]msebpw
XpSÀ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb
XocpamsaSp¡mhp¶XmWv.
****
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Vol.I

A²ymbwþ 3
dn¡mÀUpIÄþ kq£n¸pw in¸n¡epw
1. hnhn[bnw dn¡mÀUpIÄþ Nnebnw dn¡mÀUpIÄ AhbpsS
{]m[myapkcn¨v nÝnX Imet¯¡v kq£n¡pI, Imemh[n Ignª
dn¡mÀUpIÄ nbampkrX S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨v in¸n¡pI, ]ca{][mamb
dn¡mÀUpIÄ Øncambn kq£n¡pI F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ hyhØIÄ 1964
se The Kerala Destruction of Records (Revenue Rules) F¶ N«§fnemWv
DÄs¡mÅn¨ncn¡p¶Xv. HmôknÂ ssIImcyw sNbvXphcp¶ ^bepIÄ,
cPnÌdpIÄ, A¡upIÄ, Poh¡msc kw_Ôn¨ cPnÌdpIfpw
A¡upIfpw F¶nhsbms¡ hnhn[bnw dn¡mÀUpIfmWv. ChbnÂ NneXv
in¸n¡msX FÃm¡mehpw kq£nt¡hbpw aäp NneXv AhbpsS
{]m[myapkcn¨v nÝnXImew kq£n¨tijw in¸nt¡hbpamWv.
2. in¸n¡p¶XnpÅ ApaXn þ (1) in¸n¡mhp¶Xmbn Hmôkv
S]Sn{Ia¯nÂ hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅ hnhn[ dn¡mÀUpIÄ nÝnX
ImebfhpIfnÂ kq£n¨tijw S]Sn{Ia§Ä ]men¨psImv
in¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ hnhn[ dn¡mÀUpIÄ
in¸n¡p¶Xv tPmbnâ v I½ojWdpsStbm, At±lw tcJmaqew
NpaXes¸Sp¯nb GsX¦nepw DtZymKØsâtbm km¶n²y¯nembncn¡Ww.
C¯c¯nÂ dn¡mÀUpIÄ in¸n¡p¶ Bhiy¯nte¡mbn tPmbnâ v
I½ojWÀ¡v GsX¦nepw sk£pIfpsS NpaXebpÅ konbÀ
kq{]pamsctbm AsÃ¦nÂ bqWnäv HmôkÀamcmb AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀamsctbm NpaXes¸Sp¯mhp¶XmWv.
(2) nÝnX Ime]cn[n¡ptijw in¸n¡mhp¶hsb¶p Hmôkv
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S]Sn{Ia¯nÂ hyhØ sNbvXn«ps¦nÂ IqSnbpw Ncn{X]camb
{]m[myapÅtXm ]pcmtcJtbm Bb dn¡mÀUpIÄ in¸n¡p¶Xnp
ap³]mbn bYm{Iaw BÀss¡hvkv, BÀ¡ntbmfPn hIp¸pXeh³amcpsS
ApaXn tXtSXpamWv.
3. dn¡mÀUpIÄ in¸n¡p¶XnpÅ S]Sn{Iawþ (1) nÝnX Ime]cn[n
Ignª dn¡mÀUpIÄ kw_Ôn¨ Hcp ]«nI Hmtcm hÀjhpw X¿mdm¡phm³
dn¡mÀUv Io¸À _m²yØmWv. {]kvXpX ]«nI dn¡mÀUv sk£sâ
NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ kq£va ]cntim[¡v hnt[bamt¡Xpw
nÝnX kab]cn[n¡ptijhpw kwc£n¡¯¡ {]m[myapÅ tcJIÄ
]«nIbnÂ DÄs¸«n«pÅ ]£w Ah Hgnhmt¡XpamWv. XpSÀ¶v {]kvXpX
]«nI em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse FÃm sk£pIfnte¡pw ÂtIXpw
]«nIbnepÄs¸« GsX¦nepw dn¡mÀUpIÄ XpSÀ¶pw kq£nt¡Xv
BhiyapÅXmsW¶p ImWp¶]£w {]kvXpX hnhcw ImWn¨v dn¡mÀUnsâ
NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ¡v Ipdn¸v ÂtIXpamWv. C{]Imcw
in¸n¡enÂ n¶v Hgnhm¡nb dn¡mÀUpIÄ HgnsI _m¡nbpÅhbpsS ]«nI
em³Uv dhyq tPmbnâ v I½ojWdpsS AwKoImc¯nmbn kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
(2) em³Uv dhyq tPmbnâ v I½ojWÀ ]«nI AwKoIcn¨p IgnªmÂ
in¸n¡m³ D¯chmb dn¡mÀUpIfpsS hniZ hnhc§Ä D¯chnsâ ¼cpw
XobXnbpw DÄs¸sS nÀ±njvS amXrIbnepÅ Unkv{S£³ cPnÌdnÂ tNÀ¯v
kq£nt¡Xpw {]kvXpX cPnÌdnÂ kq{]pw _Ôs¸« AknÌâ v
I½ojWdpw XobXnh¨v Is¿m¸v tNÀt¡XpamWv. Unkv{S£³ cPnÌdnsâ
amXrI Ap_Ôwþ 3 Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
(3) C{]Imcw in¸n¡m³ D¯chmb dn¡mÀUpIÄ tPmbnâ vv
I½ojWtdm At±lw NpaXes¸Sp¯nb DtZymKØtm Xocpamn¡p¶
XobXnbnepw kab¯pw At±l¯nsâbpw sk£³ kq{]nsâbpw dn¡mÀUv
Io¸dpsSbpw km¶n²y¯nÂ in¸nt¡XmWv. km[mcWbmbn
in¸nt¡ dn¡mÀUpIÄ sNdp IjW§fmbn apdn¨v kÀ¡mÀ bYmImew
nÝbn¡p¶ XpI CuSm¡ns¡mv AwKoIrX tIm¬{SmIvSÀ¡v
hnÂ¡pIbmWv thXv. F¶mÂ D]tbmK tbmKyasÃ¶p Iv tIm¬{SmIvSÀ
Hgnhm¡p¶ dn¡mÀUpIÄ tÌjdn I¬t{SmfdpsS ap³IqÀ ApaXntbmsS
_Ôs¸« AknÌâ v I½ojWdpsStbm kq{]nsâtbm km¶n²y¯nÂ
I¯n¨p Ifbmhp¶XmWv.
(4) dn¡mÀUpIÄ hnÂ¸ S¯n XpI CuSm¡nbn«pÅXnsâbpw
dn¡mÀUpIÄ I¯n¨p IfªXnsâbpw hniZ hnhc§Ä Unkv{S£³
cPnÌdnÂ XobXn klnXw tNÀ¯v kq{]v km£ys¸Spt¯Xpw _Ôs¸«
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Vol.I

AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ tasem¸v hbvt¡XpamWv.
4. nXy XoÀ¸pIÄ (R- Disposals) Ime]cn[n¡p tijhpw
kq£nt¡Xnsâ hyhØþ (1) nXy XoÀ¸p ^bepIÄ 30
hÀj¡met¯¡mWv kq£nt¡sX¦nepw Ime]cn[nsb¯nbmÂ Hm^okv
ta[mhnbpsS ]px]cntim[ IqSmsX A¯cw ^bepIÄ in¸n¡m³
]mSnÃm¯XmWv. 30 hÀjw ]qÀ¯nbmb R- Disposal þ IfpsS ]«nI dn¡mÀUv
Io¸dnÂ n¶pw e`n¡p¶ apdbv¡v AXXv bqWnäv Hm^okÀamÀ A¯cw
XoÀ¸pIÄ kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä BhiyapÅ ]£w XoÀ¸pIÄ tcnÂ
]cntim[n¨v hopw kq£nt¡p¶Xnsâtbm in¸nt¡Xnsâtbm
BhiyIX kw_Ôn¨ XocpamsaSpt¡XmWv. hopw kq£n¡m³
Xocpamn¡p¶ ]£w GXp XobXnhsc kq£nt¡XmWv F¶ hnhchpw
Xocpam¯nÂ DÄs¡mÅn¨ncnt¡XmWv.
(2) nXyXoÀ¸pIÄ hopw kq£n¡p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ Xocpamw
e`n¡p¶ ]£w XoÀ¸pIfnÂ Bhiyamb tcJs¸Sp¯epIÄ hcp¯nb tijw
Ah bYmØm¯v kq£n¡p¶Xnv dn¡mÀUv Io¸À NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
5. kq£nt¡Xpw in¸nt¡Xpamb hnhn[ dn¡mÀUpIfpsS
]«nIIÄþ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ ssIImcyw sNbvXphcp¶ hnhn[
dn¡mÀUpIfnÂ Øncambn kq£nt¡hbpsS hnhc§Ä ]«nIþ A Bbpw,
nÝnX Ime]cn[n¡ptijw in¸n¡mhp¶hbpsS hnhc§Ä ]«nIþB Bbpw
NphsS tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
]«nIþ A
Øncambn kq£nt¡ dn¡mÀUpIÄ
1. nba§Ä, _nÃpIÄ, N«§Ä
2. CShI GsäSp¡Â, A©pmSv F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ tcJIÄ
3. dhyq t_mÀUnsâ cq]oIcWw, A[nImc§Ä F¶nh kw_Ôn¨
tcJIÄ
4. AbÂ kÀ¡mcpIfpambpÅ AXnÀ¯n XÀ¡§Ä kw_Ôn¨
ISemkpIÄ
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Vol.I

5. sse{_dn ]pkvXI§fpsS ImätemKv
6. kÀ¡pedpIÄ, D¯chpIÄ F¶nh
7. hnhn[ XkvXnIIÄ (]ZhnIÄ) kw_Ôn¨pw Ahbnse amä§Ä
kw_Ôn¨papÅ tcJIÄ
8. Imtjpamcn þ {][m ISemkpIÄ
9. IpSpw_ s]³j³ tcJIÄ
10. Xo¸nSp¯w, shÅs¸m¡w, £maw F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ kp{][m
D¯chpIÄ, ZpcnXmizmk {]hÀ¯§Ä kw_Ôn¨ tcJIÄ
11. shÅhcnþ {][ms¸« ISemkpIÄ
12. P·nt`mKwþ s¢bnapIfnt·epÅ AtzjW¡SemkpIÄ
13. A[nImcmXnÀ¯nIÄ nÀ®bhpw, ]pÀnÀ®bhpw kw_Ôn¨
tcJIÄ
14. IpIrjn `qanIfpambn _Ôs¸« tcJIÄ
15. Ic¯nÂ sNehv
16. Imemh[n IqSmsXbpÅ ]m«§Ä kw_Ôn¨ tcJIÄ
17. kÀsÆ tcJIÄ
18. s]cnbmÀ ]m« DS¼Sn
19. sI.Un.F¨v. I¬skjnse {KmâpIÄ
20. A[nImc§Ä nÀ®bn¡pItbm hyXymks¸Sp¯pItbm
]n³hen¡pItbm sNbvXn«pÅXp kw_Ôn¨ tcJIÄ
21. DtZymKØnbaw, s]mXp A¨S¡w, Poh¡mÀ¡pÅ hmbv]IÄ
F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ D¯chpIÄ
22. ]pkvXI§fpsS tÌm¡v cPnÌdpIÄ, am¸pIÄ
23. Poh¡mcyþ ]pxkwLSm tcJIÄ
24. nbak`, temIvk` tcJIÄ
25. Xncp¸phmcwþ s¢bnapIfnt·epÅ AtzjW tcJIÄ
26. skänÂsaâ v sXäpXncp¯Â tcJIÄ
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Vol.I

]«nIþ B
nÝnX Imemh[n¡p tijw in¸n¡mhp¶ dn¡mÀUpIÄ
{Ia dn¡mÀUnsâ hnhcw kq£nt¡
¼À Imemh[n (hÀj¯nÂ)
1. AIznä³kv tdmÄ (i¼fw, bm{X¸Sn) : 35 hÀjw
2. ]Wm]lcWw, kÀ¡mÀ hkvXp¡Ä sXämb coXnbnÂ
D]tbmKn¨Xv F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ tcJIÄ : 35 hÀjw
3. AywnÂ¸v ^bepIÄ : 30 hÀjw
4. ^À®n¨dpIfpsSbpw D]IcW§fpsSbpw
aäpw tÌm¡v cPnÌÀ : 30 hÀjw
5. _UvPäv (A¨Sn¨h) : 20 hÀjw
6. Imtjpamcnþ km[mcW (Routine) ISemkpIÄ : 20 hÀjw
7. Iymjv_p¡v : 20 hÀjw
8. _¯IÄ kw_Ôn¨ cPnÌdpIÄ : 10 hÀjw
9. hIp¸pXe A¸oÂ ^bepIÄ : 10 hÀjw
10. IpSpw_ s]³j³ km[mcW (Routine)
ISemkpIÄ : 10 hÀjw
11. `qan]Xnhv, `qan GsäSp¡Â, shÅ¡cw, kÀsÆ &
UnamÀt¡j³, `qkwc£Ww, `q]cnhÀ¯w,
`qanssIamäw F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ km[mcW
(Routine) ISemkpIÄ : 10 hÀjw
12. kzImcy ssIhi§Ä kw_Ôn¨ kÀsÆ am¸pIÄ
¹mpIÄ F¶nh : 10 hÀjw
13. hnhn[ nba§Ä {]ImcapÅ A¸oÂ/
]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ : 10 hÀjw
14. s]Àaâ v AUzm³kv cPnÌÀ : 10 hÀjw
15. A¸oÂ/]px]cntim[m cPnÌÀ : 10 hÀjw
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Vol.I

16. Pam_´nbpw AhbpsS AhtemIhpw
kw_Ôn¨ ^bepIÄ : 10 hÀjw
17. tÌjdn kma{KnIfpsS tÌm¡v cPnÌÀ : 10 hÀjw
18. nÀ¯Â, Ipdhv ^bepIÄ : 10 hÀjw
19. BpImenI ]XnthSpIÄ : 10 hÀjw
20. skIyqcnän cPnÌÀ : 10 hÀjw
21. ASbmfklnXw ]IÀ¸t]£m cPnÌÀ : 10 hÀjw
22. ]m¸À kyq«v cPnÌÀ : 10 hÀjw
23. kyq«v cPnÌÀ : 10 hÀjw
24. nbaw, s{]mtamj³ ^bepIÄ : 5 hÀjw
(s]³j³ XobXn¡ptijw)
25. `cW dnt¸mÀ«pw AhbpsS AhtemIhpw : 5 hÀjw
26. ]{X ]cky§Ä kw_Ôn¨ ^bepIÄ : 5 hÀjw
27. _nÃpIÄ, hu¨dpIÄ, ckoXpIÄ : 5 hÀjw
28. sI«nShmSI, ssIamäw : 5 hÀjw
29. hnXcW ]XnthSv : 5 hÀjw
30. lmPÀ ]pkvXIw : 5 hÀjw
31. X³]XnthSv : 5 hÀjw
32. ]pXpImcy cPnÌÀ : 5 hÀjw
33. sU]yqt«j³, amän nbaw : 3 hÀjw
34. hIp¸pXe ]co£IÄ : 3 hÀjw
35. Xo¸nSp¯w, shÅs¸m¡w, £maw F¶nh
kw_Ôn¨ km[mcW (Routine) ISemkpIÄ : 3 hÀjw
36. eohv ISemkpIÄ : 3 hÀjw
37. dhyq XncnsI ÂIÂ tcJIÄ : 3 hÀjw
38. cPnÌdpIÄþ In³Pâ v, FIvkvs]³Un¨À,
bm{X¸Sn _nÂ : 3 hÀjw
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39. sUkv]m¨v cPnÌÀ : 3 hÀjw
40. s^bÀ tIm¸n cPnÌÀ : 3 hÀjw
41. Ìm¼v A¡uv, ImÄ_p¡v : 3 hÀjw
42. dn¡mÀUpIfpsS hnXcW cPnÌÀ : 3 hÀjw
43. IpSnÈnI ]«nI : 3 hÀjw
44. X³]XnthSnpw BpImenI§Ä¡papÅ
XpSÀ¡pdn¸pIÄ : 3 hÀjw
45. XmÂ¡menI ]m«w : 3 hÀjw
(Imemh[n Ahkmn¨ XobXn¡ptijw)
46. _m²yXIÄ : 3 hÀjw
(Xncn¨p]nSn¨ XobXn¡ptijw)
47. ssek³kpIÄ, s]ÀanäpIÄ : 3 hÀjw
(Imemh[n Ahkmn¨ XobXn¡ptijw)
48. s]³j³ : 3 hÀjw
(s]³j³ Xn«s¸Sp¯nbtijw)
49. tkh]pkvXIw : 3 hÀjw
(dn«bÀsaânptijtam acWtijtam)
50. D]Imcymeb ]cntim[ Ipdn¸pIÄ : 3 hÀjw
51. C³{InsaâpIÄþ AphZn¡Â : 3 hÀjw
52. kwØm¯np ]pd¯pÅ bm{XIÄ
kw_Ôn¨ ^bepIÄ : 3 hÀjw
53. tIm¬^d³kpIfpsS annävkpIÄ : 3 hÀjw
54. Hm^okÀamcpsS kÀsÆ ]cnioew : 3 hÀjw
55. SqÀ t{]m{Kmw : 3 hÀjw
56. tm«okpIÄ, S¯p {]XnIÄ : 1 hÀjw
57. NmÀPv dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ : 1 hÀjw
58. BIkvanImh[n cPnÌÀ : 1 hÀjw
****
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Vol.I

`mKwþ III
hyhlmc S]SnIÄ
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A²ymbwþ 4
hyhlmc hn`mKw
1. hyhlmc hn`mKw þ (1) dhyq hIp¸pambn _Ôs¸«v hnhn[ tImSXnIfnÂ
^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ tIkpIÄ kw_Ôn¨ S]SnIÄ nco£n¡pI, em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWtdänse hnhn[ DtZymKØÀ FXnÀ I£nIfmbn ^bÂ
sN¿s¸Sp¶ tIkpIfnÂ Bhiyamb XpSÀ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pI, tIcfm
sslt¡mSXnbnÂ ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ tIkpIfpambn _Ôs¸«v AUzt¡äv
PdÂ Hm^okv, dhyq sebvk¬ Hm^okv F¶nhnS§fnÂ n¶pw e`n¡p¶
ktµi§Ä _Ôs¸«hÀ¡v ssIamdpIbpw XpSÀ S]SnIÄ kw_Ôn¨
nÀt±i§Ä ÂIpIbpw sN¿pI, k_v UnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{Säp
tImSXnIfnse hnhn[ tIkpIfpsS XoÀ¸pIÄ kw_Ôn¨ AhtemI
S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅpI F¶n§sbpÅ NpaXeIÄ
nÀÆln¡p¶Xnte¡mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ Hcp hyhlmc
hn`mKw {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶p.
(2) taÂ¸dªh IqSmsX em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse hnhn[
hn`mK§fpambn _Ôs¸« tIkpIfpsS hnhc§Ä DÄs¡mÅn¨pÅ kyq«v
cPnÌÀ X¿mdm¡n kq£n¡pI, hnhn[ sk£pIfnse hnjb§fpambn
_Ôs¸«v nba]camb kwib§Ä DmIp¶ ]£w Bhiyamb
nbtam]tZiw e`yam¡pI, PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIfnse kyq«v tIm¬^d³kpIÄ
kw_Ôn¨ AhtemIw S¯pI, HutZymKnI IrXynÀÆlW¯nsâ
`mKambn tIkpIfnÂ hyàn]cambn I£n tNÀ¡s¸Sp¶ dhyq Poh¡mÀ¡v
kÀ¡mÀ A`n`mjIsâ tkhw e`yam¡p¶Xnmhiyamb S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅpI F¶nhbpw hyhlmc hn`mK¯nsâ NpaXeIfmWv.
2. kyq«v cPnÌÀ þ (1) dhyq hIp¸pambn _Ôs¸«v hnhn[ tImSXnIfnÂ
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ, tPmbnâ v/ sU]yq«n / AUojWÂ I½ojWÀ,
AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamÀ F¶n§sbpÅ DtZymKØÀ FXnÀ I£nIfmbn
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Vol.I

tIkv ^bÂ sN¿s¸SpIbpw tImSXn tm«okv e`n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ ]£w
A¯cw tm«okpIfpw DÅS¡§fpw hyhlmc hn`mKw ssI¸täXpw
Bhiyamb hnhc§Ä nÝnX amXrIbnepff kyq«v cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n
kq£nt¡XpamWv. IeÀ hÀj {Ia¯nÂ X¿mdm¡n kq£n¡p¶ kyq«v
cPnÌÀ Hmtcm amkhpw Ahkm {]hr¯n Znhkw tPmbnâ v I½ojWÀ¡v
]cntim[bv¡mbn kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw cPnÌÀ ]cntim[n¨ tijw tPmbnâ v
I½ojWÀ C¯c¯nÂ ]cntim[n¨n«pff hnhcw tcJs¸Sp¯ns¡mv XobXn
klnXw Is¿m¸v tNÀt¡XpamWv. kyq«v cPnÌdnsâ amXrI Ap_Ôwþ
Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
(2) kyq«v/ A¸oÂ ^bÂ sNbvXbmfpsS hnhc§Ä, FXnÀ I£nIfpsS
hnhc§Ä, tIknÂ lmPcmIp¶ kmÀ¡mÀ h¡oensâ t]cphnhc§Ä,
tImSXnbpsS t]cv, Aymbw GXp hnjbw kw_Ôn¨mWv
t_m[n¸n¡s¸«n«pÅXv F¶p XpS§nb hnhc§Ä cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n
kq£nt¡XmWv. IqSmsX Imcyhnhc ]{XnI, kXyhmMvaqew F¶nh ^bÂ
sNbvXn«pÅXnsâ hniZmwi§fpw CS¡me D¯chv, XoÀ¸v F¶n§sbpff
hnhc§fpw bYmkabw kyq«v cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n cPnÌÀ mfXoIcn¨p
kq£n¡p¶Xnpw hyhlmc hn`mK¯nse DtZymKØÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
3. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdm I½ojWtdänse aäv DtZymKØtcm
FXnÀI£nIfmbn ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ tIkpIfnse XpSÀ S]SnIÄ
þ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdm I½ojWtdänse aäptZymKØtcm FXnÀ
I£nIfmbn ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ tIkpIfnÂ tImSXn tm«okv e`n¨mepS³
_Ôs¸« tImSXnbnÂ lmPcmbn tIkv Un^â v (Defend) sN¿p¶Xnv
kÀ¡mÀ A`n`mjItmSv nÀt±int¡Xpw tIkv S¯n¸npw Imcyhnhc
]{XnI X¿mdm¡p¶XnpapÅ hnhc§Ä _Ôs¸« sk£pIfnÂ n¶pw
tiJcnt¡Xpw ]cmXnbnÂ/ A¸oenÂ t_m[n¸n¨n«pÅ
Btcm]W§fnt·Â hniZamb JÞnI Xncn¨pÅ adp]Sn
X¿mdmt¡XpamWv. atäsX¦nepw D]Imcymeb§fnÂ n¶pw dnt¸mÀt«m
tcJItfm e`yamt¡Xps¦nÂ BbXv _Ôs¸« sk£³ aptJ
e`yam¡p¶Xnv S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡XmWv.
(2) tIkv kw_Ôamb kw£n]vX Ncn{Xw, JÞnI Xncn¨pÅ adp]Sn
F¶nh X¿mdm¡nbmepS³ Ah ]cntim[n¡p¶Xnmbn kÀ¡mÀ
A`n`mjIp ssIamtdXmWv. XpSÀ¶v kÀ¡mÀ A`n`mjIsâ
klmbt¯msS “Written Statement” X¿mdm¡n _Ôs¸« tImSXnbnÂ ^bÂ
sN¿p¶XnpÅ S]SnIfpw hyhlmc hn`mKw kzoIcnt¡XmWv.
(3) tIkpIfnÂ kÀ¡mÀ S]SnIÄ¡v tÌ AphZn¨psImv
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Vol.I

tImSXnIÄ D¯chmbn«pÅ ]£w tÌ Hgnhm¡n In«p¶Xnpw tIkpIÄ
AnÝnXambn opt]mIp¶ kwKXnIfnÂ hnNmcW S]SnIÄ
tcs¯bm¡p¶Xnpw (Advancing) kÀ¡mÀ A`n`mjI³ aptJ Bhiyamb
At]£IÄ ^bÂ sN¿nt¡Xpw hyhlmc hn`mK¯nsâ NpaXeIfmWv.
(4) tImSXnIfpsS CS¡me/ Ańa D¯chpIÄ e`n¨mÂ _Ôs¸«
Imcymeb§fnte¡v/ DtZymKØÀ¡v AhbpsS ]IÀ¸pIÄ DSSn Ab¨p
sImSpt¡Xpw D¯chp S¸nem¡p¶Xntm Anhmcyamb kwKXnIfnÂ
A¸oepItfm ]px]cntim[m lÀPnItfm ^bÂ sN¿p¶Xntm kzoIcn¡p¶
S]SnIÄ nco£nt¡Xpw D¯chpIfpsS S¸nem¡Â kw_Ôn¨
hnhc§Ä Adnbn¡Wsa¶p nÀt±in¨n«pÅ kwKXnIfnÂ {]kvXpX hnhcw
_Ôs¸« tImSXnbnÂ bYmkabw t_m[n¸nt¡XpamWv.
4. AUzt¡äv Pdensâ Imcymebw, sebvk¬ Hmôkv
F¶nhnS§fnÂ n¶pw e`n¡p¶ ktµi§Ä kw_Ôn¨ S]SnIÄ
þsslt¡mSXnbntem kp{]owtImSXnbntem ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ tIkpIÄ
kw_Ôn¨v tIcfm sslt¡mSXntbmSv Ap_Ôambn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶
AUzt¡äv Pdensâ Imcymebw, dhyq hIp¸pambn _Ôs¸« tIkpIfnÂ
AUzt¡äv Pdensâ Imcymebw, _Ôs¸« FXnÀ I£nIfpsS Imcymeb§Ä
F¶nh X½nepÅ S]SnIÄ GtIm]n¸n¡p¶Xnmbn {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶
sebvk¬ Hmôkv F¶nhS§fnÂ n¶pw e`n¡p¶ hnhc§Ä
hyhlmchn`mK¯nse DtZymKØÀ bYmkabw _Ôs¸« Imcymeb§fnÂ
Adnbnt¡Xpw tIkpIfpambn _Ôs¸« kXyhmMvaqew, Imcyhnhc ]{XnI
F¶nh bYmkabw ^bÂ sN¿p¶Xnv Bhiyamb nÀt±i§Ä
ÂtIXpw XpSÀ S]SnIÄ nco£nt¡XpamWv.
5. k_v UnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{Säv tImSXnbnÂ ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶
tIkpIfpsS AhtemIw þ (1) {InanÂ S]Sn kwlnXbnse 107, 108,
109, 110, 133, 145, 147 F¶o hIp¸pIÄ {]Imcw k_v UnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{Säv
tImSXnIfnÂ ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ tIkpIfpsS XoÀ¸p ]ptcmKXn kw_Ôn¨
{]Xnamk BpImenIw FÃm k_v UnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{Säpamcpw em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡Xpv. Hmtcm amks¯bpw tIkpIfpsS
hnhc§Ä kw_Ôn¨ BpImenIw (Periodical) sXm«Sp¯ amkw 5þmw
XobXn¡pap¼mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¡m³ AXXv k_v
UnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{SäpamÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ e`n¡p¶ BpImenI§Ä hyhlmc hn`mKw hniZ
]cntim[bv¡p hnt[bamt¡Xpw tIkpIfpsS XoÀ¸m¡enÂ th{X
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]ptcmKXnbnsÃ¶p IcpXp¶ kwKXnIfnÂ _Ôs¸« DtZymKØÀ¡v
Bhiyamb nÀt±i§Ä ÂtIXpamWv. IqSmsX C¯c¯nÂ hnhn[ k_v
UnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{SäpamcnÂ n¶pw e`n¡p¶ BpImenI§Ä t{ImUoIcn¨v
{]kvXpX tIkpIfpsS XoÀ¸p ]ptcmKXn ImWn¡p¶ Hcp {]Xnamk
BpImenIw AXXp amkw 15þmw XobXn¡p ap¼mbn kÀ¡mcnte¡v [dhyq
(Pn) hIp¸v] kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
6. PnÃmXe kyq«v tIm¬^d³kpIÄ þ (1) Hmtcm PnÃbnsebpw
IfIvt{SäpIfnÂ {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶ kyq«v sk£pIÄ PnÃbnÂ S¯p¶
{]Xnamk kyq«v tIm¬^d³kpIfpsS annävkv AXXp PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ
AhtemI S]SnIÄ¡mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
e`yam¡p¶Xmbncn¡pw. I½ojWtdänse hyhlmc hn`mKw C¯cw
annävkpIÄ hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw tIkpIfpsS tÌ Hgnhm¡pI,
bYmkabw Imcyhnhc ]{XnI kaÀ¸n¡pI F¶n§sbpÅ kwKXnIfnÂ
hogvNbpmIp¶ ]£w _Ôs¸« DtZymKØÀ¡v Bhiyamb nÀt±i§Ä
ÂtIXpamWv. IqSmsX Hmtcm PnÃbnsebpw {]Xnamk kyq«v tIm¬^d³kv
bYmkabw tNcp¶psh¶pw tIm¬^d³knse Xocpam§Ä
]men¡s¸Sp¶psh¶pw Dd¸phcpt¯XpamWv.
(2) PnÃIfnse kyq«v hn`mK¯nse konbÀ kq{]pamÀ, PqnbÀ
kq{]pamÀ, k_vUnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{Säv tImSXnbnse konbÀ kq{]pamÀ,
PnÃm IfIt{SäpIfnse em Hm^okÀamÀ (Law Officers) F¶nhcpsS Hcp tbmKw
Bdpamk¯nsemcn¡Â hnfn¨p tNÀ¡p¶Xnpw PnÃIfnse tIkpIfpsS XoÀ¸p
hnhcw hniIew sN¿p¶Xnpw hyhlmchn`mKw S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mtÅXmWv. Hmtcm IeÀ hÀjhpw Pq¬, Unkw_À amk§fnÂ
C¯cw tbmK§Ä hnfn¨p tNÀt¡Xpw tIkpIfpsS XoÀ¸nmhiyamb
nÀt±i§Ä ÂtIXpamWv.
7. nbtam]tZiw kw_Ôn¨ S]SnIÄ þ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse
hnhn[ sk£pIfnÂ ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ hnjb§Ä kw_Ôn¨v nba
{]ivw DSseSp¡pItbm nba]camb S]SnIfnÂ AhyàX DmIpItbm
sN¿p¶ ]£w A¯cw kwKXnIfnÂ kÀ¡mÀ nbahIp¸nÂ n¶pw
Bhiyamb nbtam]tZiw tXSp¶Xnv hyhlmc hn`mKw aptJ am{Xta
S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡m³ ]mSpÅq. nbtam]tZiw Bhiyamb hnjbw
kw_Ôn¨ hniZmwi§Ä hyhlmc hn`mK¯np ssIamdp¶ apdbv¡v Ah
]cntim[n¨v nbtam]tZiw e`yam¡p¶Xnte¡mbn kÀ¡mcnte¡v At]£
ssIamtdXpw adp]Sn hnhcw bYmkabw _Ôs¸« hn`mK§sf
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Adnbnt¡XpamWv.
8. kzImcy Aymb§fnÂ kÀ¡mÀ A`n`mjIsâ tkhw
e`yam¡p¶XnpÅ S]SnIÄ þ dhyq hIp¸nse hnhn[ DtZymKØÀ
HutZymKnI IrXynÀÆlW¯nsâ `mKambn kzImcy Aymb§fnÂ I£n
tNÀ¡s¸Sp¶ Ahkc§fnepw HutZymKnI ]Zhn kqNn¸n¡msX t]cp am{Xw
kqNn¸n¨v tIkpIfnÂ I£n tNÀ¡s¸Sp¶ Ahkc§fnepw PnÃm
IfIvSÀamcpsS dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ ]cntim[n¨v {]kvXpX DtZymKØÀ¡p thn
_Ôs¸« tImSXnIfnÂ lmPcmIp¶Xnmbn kÀ¡mÀ A`n`mjIsc
ntbmKn¡p¶Xnp thn kÀ¡mcnte¡v ip]mÀi kaÀ¸nt¡ NpaXe
I½ojWtdänse hyhlmc hn`mK¯nÂ n£n]vXamWv. Xmakwhnm
S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡ C¯cw tIkpIfnÂ PnÃm IfIvSdpsS dnt¸mÀ«v
e`n¨mepS³ Ah hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw HutZymKnI
IrXynÀÆlW¯nsâ `mKambmtWm DtZymKØ³ Xsâ hyàn]camb
t]cnÂ tIknÂ I£nbmbn«pÅsX¶v Dd¸p hcpt¯Xpw A§sbpÅ
]£w am{Xw kÀ¡mcnte¡v {]kvXpX tIknÂ kÀ¡mÀ A`n`mjIsâ
tkhw e`yam¡Wsa¶p ImWn¨v ASnb´nc ip]mÀt¡XpamWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ 5
A¸oepIfpw ]px]cntim[m S]SnIfpwþ
s]mXphyhØIÄ
1. A¸oÂ lÀPnIÄ, ]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ þ(1) Xmsg¯ «nepÅ
GsX¦nepsamcp t^mdw FSp¯ Xocpam¯nse icnsXäpIÄ {]kvXpX
t^md¯np apIfnepÅ Hcp t^md¯nsâ hniIe¯np hnt[bam¡pI
hgnbpÅ ]cnlmc nÀ®b S]SnIfmWv A¸oepIfnepw
]px]cntim[Ifnepw nÀÆln¡mpÅXv. Cu cp S]SnIfpw PpUojyÂ
A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¨pÅ ]cntim[Ifpw A¸oÂ sat½mdmw,
dnhnj³ s]äoj³ F¶nh {]kvXpX ]cntim[IfpsS BhiyIX
shfnhm¡p¶ ImcW§fpÄs¡mÅp¶ tcJIfpamWv. A¸oÂ S]SnIÄ
kzoIcn¡p¶Xnv A¸oÂ A[nImcn ap¼msI, tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶
Xocpam¯mÂ k¦Sap`hn¡p¶bmÄ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ Hcp A¸oÂ lÀPn
Dmbncnt¡Xv AnhmcyamWv. F¶mÂ dnhnj³ AYhm ]px]cntim[m
S]SnIfnemIs« dnhnj³ s]äoj³ DmIWsa¶p nÀ_ÔanÃm¯XmWv.
]ebhkc§fnepw dnhnj³ A[nImcnIÄ¡v kzta[bmXs¶ XmsgX«nepÅ
t^md§fmÂ nÀ®bn¡s¸« hnjb§fnÂ ]px]cntim[ S]SnIÄ
kzoIcn¡p¶Xnv hnhn[ nba§fnepw N«§fnepw hyhØIfpÅXmWv.
(2) dhyq S]SnIfpambn _Ôs¸« hnhn[ nba§fpw N«§fpw
{]Imcw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ A¸oÂ A[nImcnbmbpw
]px]cntim[m[nImcnbmbpw {]hÀ¯n¨phcp¶p. `qhnntbmK D¯chv,
Bbp[ nbaw, kvt^mSIhkvXpnbaw, s]t{Smfnbw nbaw, AywnÂ¸v
F¶o S]SnIfnÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ PnÃm IfIvSdpsS Xocpam§fnÂ
A¸oepIÄ tIÄ¡p¶XnpÅ A¸eäv AtXmdnänbmWv. F¶mÂ `qkwc£W
nbaw, hnhn[ `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä, ap{Z¸{X nbaw, dhyq dn¡hdn, t]m¡phchv,
`qnIpXn, tXm«nIpXn F¶n§sbpÅ hnjb§fnemIs« em³Uv dhyq
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I½ojWÀ¡v ]px]cntim[m[nImc§fmWv hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅXv.
2. A¸oet]£IÄ/ dnhnj³ s]äojpIÄ þ (1) A¸oet]£IÄ, dnhnj³
s]äojpIÄ F¶nhbv¡v _l`qcn]£w nba§fnepw N«§fnepw nÝnX
amXrIIÄ nÀ®bn¨pImWp¶p. F¶mÂ GsX¦nepw kwKXnIfnÂ nÝnX
amXrIIÄ nÀ®bn¡s¸«n«nÃm¯ ]£w BbXv Ap_Ôw 4 Â
nÀ®bn¨n«pÅ amXrIbnÂ kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
(2) A¸oÂ sat½mdm§Ä/ dnhnj³ s]äojpIÄ shÅ ^qÄkv
Im¸v ISemknÂ oetbm Idpt¸m ajn D]tbmKn¨v FgpXntbm ssS¸v sNbvtXm
X¿mdmt¡Xpw ChbnÂ CSXp `mK¯v mep skânaoädpw heXp `mK¯v
1.5 skânaoädpw amÀPnpIÄ CtSXpw H¶ne[nIw ISemkpIÄ Ds¦nÂ
Ah _p¡v cq]¯nÂ CSXp `mK¯v qeq]tbmKn¨v Ip¯ns¡t«XpamIp¶p.
sat½mdm¯nsâ/ s]äojsâ Hmtcm t]Pnepw apIfnÂ a[y`mK¯mbn
A¡¯nÂ t]Pv ¼À tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw Hmtcm t]Pnepw lÀPn I£ntbm
A§sbpÅbmÄ NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ ¹oUtdm H¸p hbvt¡XpamWv.
(3) A¸oÂ sat½mdm¯nÂ/dnhnj³ s]äojnÂ {]kvXpX lÀPn
GXp t^mdw ap¼msIbmtWm ^bÂ sN¿p¶Xv A§sbpÅ t^md¯nsâ
t]cv, tIkv ¼À, hmZnbpsSbpw/ s]äojWdpsSbpw FXnÀ I£nbpsSbpw
t]cpw taÂhnemkhpw, GXp t^md¯nsâ GXp Xocpam¯nsXnscbmWv
A¸oÂ ^bÂ sN¿p¶sX¶ hnhchpw {]kvXpX D¯chnsâ/ Xocpam¯nsâ
¼À, XobXn F¶o hnhc§fpw, XocpamsaSp¯/ D¯chp ]pds¸Sphn¨
t^md¯nsâ t]cp hnhc§Ä F¶nhbpw BZy`mK¯mbn
tcJs¸Sp¯nbncn¡Ww. FXnÀ I£nIfpsS F®t¯¡mÄ cp IqSpXÂ
F¶ IW¡nemIWw lÀPn¸IÀ¸pIÄ/s]äoj³ ]IÀ¸pIÄ lmPcmt¡Xv.
(4) A¸oÂ lÀPnIfnepw/dnhnj³ s]äojpIfnepw 10/þ cq]bpsS
tImÀ«vô Ìm¼v, h¡oÂ apJmćw kaÀ¸n¡p¶ tIkpIfnÂ 100/- cq]bpsS
eoKÂ _^näv ^v Ìm¼v F¶nh ]Xn¨ncnt¡XmWv. A¸oÂ/ dnhnj³
lÀPnIÄs¡m¸w Ap_Ô At]£Ifmbn “Unte IsmtWj³ lÀPn”,
“tÌ lÀPn” F¶nh IqSn ^bÂ sN¿p¶ ]£w {]kvXpX At]£IfnÂ 5/
þ cq]bpsS tImÀ«v ô Ìm¼v ]Xn¨ncnt¡XpamWv. Ah[nbt]£IfnÂ
Bsfm¶nv 2/þ cq] {Ia¯nemIWw tImÀ«v ô Ìm¼v ]Xnt¡Xv.
3. tÌ s]äojpIfpw Unte IsmtWj³ s]äojpIfpwþ (1) GXv
D¯chnsXnsc / Xocpam¯nsXnscbmtWm A¸oÂ lÀPn AYhm ]px
]cntim[ s]äoj³ kaÀ¸n¡s¸«n«pÅX,v BbXnsâ S¸m¡Â A¸oÂ
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lÀPnbntem ]px]cntim[m s]äojntem Ańa XocpamamIpwhsc
nÀ¯n hbv¡p¶Xnv {]kvXpX lÀPnbnÂ/ s]äojnÂ hmZw tIÄ¡p¶
t^md¯nv A[nImcapÅ ]£w am{Xw BbXnte¡v Bhiysa¦nÂ A¸oÂ
hmZn¡v/ dnhnj³ s]äojWÀ¡v Hcp “tÌ s]äoj³” IqSn ^bÂ
sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
(2) A¸oepIÄ¡pw ]px]cntim[m s]äojpIÄ¡pw ^ben§nmbn
nÀ®bn¨n«pÅ nÝnX ImebfhnpÅnÂ Ah ^bÂ sN¿mmImsX
hcpIbpw A§sbpÅ ]£w ImeXmakw am¸m¡ns¡mv {]kvXpX lÀPn/
s]äoj³ ^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnv nba {]Imcw _Ôs¸«
A¸oe[nImcntbm dnhnj³ A[nImcntbm NpaXes¸Sp¯ s¸«ncn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶nS¯v At]£Iv ImeXmakw am¸m¡n In«p¶Xnmbn aXnbmb
ImcW§Ä t_m[n¸n¨psImv Hcp “Unte IsmtWj³ lÀPn” IqSn
kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
4. ^benMv þ (1) A¸oÂ lÀPntbm dnhnj³ s]äojtm FÃm {]hr¯n
Znhk§fnepw D¨bv¡p 3 aWnhscbpÅ Hmôkv {]hr¯n kab§fnÂ em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWtdänse cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ
ap¼msI _Ôs¸« I£nt¡m NpaXes¸Sp¯s¸«bmfntm ^bÂ
sN¿mhp¶XmWv. F¶mÂ ASnbńc kmlNcy¯nÂ 3 aWn Ignª tijhpw
Hmôkv {]hr¯n kabw Ahkmn¡p¶Xphsc kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ A¸oÂ/
dnhnj³ At]£IÄ, A¸oÂ/dnhnj³ A[nImcn BbhbnÂ CnjyÂ
tNÀ¡p¶ ]£w kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv.
(2) A¸oÂ/dnhnj³ At]£IÄ kq£va ]cntim[ S¯n Ah
FÃm AÀ°¯nepw ]qÀ®amsW¶pw hmZnIÄ, FXnÀI£nIÄ F¶nhcpsS
]qÀ®amb t]cpw taÂhnemkhpw tcJs¸Sp¯nbn«ps¶pw icnbmb ap{ZIÄ
]Xn¨n«ps¶pw nÀ±njvS Ime]cn[n¡pÅnemWv kaÀ¸n¨n«pÅsX¶pw
t_m[ys¸Sp¶Xnpw A§s t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w At]£IÄ ^benÂ
kzoIcn¡p¶Xnte¡mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v ssIamdp¶XnpapÅ
cPnkv{Snbmbn {]hÀ¯nt¡Xv AXmXv bqWnäpIfpsS NpaXebpÅ
AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamcmWv. At]£m I£n¡pthn A`n`mjImWv
lmPcmIp¶sX¦nÂ nÝnX t^md¯nepÅ (t^mdw 12, knhnÂ dqÄkv Hm^v
{]mIvSokv) h¡me¯v lmPcm¡nbn«ptmsb¶v ]cntim[n¨pd¸p
hcp¯p¶Xnpw AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ _m[yØmWv.
(3) A¸oepItfm ]px]cntim[m lÀPnItfm ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³
AhbpsS hniZmwi§Ä nÝnX amXrIbnepÅ A¸oÂ cPnÌdnÂ
tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡XmWv. A¸oÂ cPnÌÀ Hmtcm sk£nepw
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{]tXyIambn X¿mdm¡n kq£nt¡Xpw Hmtcm amkhpw Ahkm {]hr¯n
Znhkw BbXv _Ôs¸« AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamÀ ]cntim[nt¡Xpw
A¸oepIfntem ]px]cntim[m lÀPnbntem Amhiy ImeXmakw
DmIp¶nsÃ¶pd¸v hcpt¯XpamWv. A¸oÂ cPnÌdnsâ amXrI
Ap_Ôwþ5 Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
(4) At]£, At]£bvs¡m¸w lmPcm¡p¶ tcJIÄ F¶nhbnÂ
yqXIÄ {i²bnÂs¸Sp¶ ]£w Ah ]cnlcn¡p¶Xnv A¸eäv/ dnhnj³
A[nImcn AYhm cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ th
nÀt±iw Ignbp¶Xpw ^benMv thfbnÂ Xs¶ ÂtIXpw yqXIÄ
]cnlcn¨v hopw lmPcm¡p¶Xnv nÝnX kab]cn[n kqNn¸n¨n«nsÃ¦nÂ
cPnkv{SnbpsS AYhm t^md¯nsâ D¯chv/ nÀt±i XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 15
Znhk¯nIw yqXIÄ ]cnlcn¨v tcJIÄ lmPcm¡m³ A¸oet]£I³/
dnhnj³ s]äojÀ _m[yØmbncn¡p¶XpamWv. A¸oÂ sat½mdmw/
dnhnj³ s]äoj³, Unse IsmtWj³ s]äoj³, tÌ s]äoj³, h¡me¯v,
tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ AkÂ/ ASbmf klnXw ]IÀ¸v,
Ap_Ô§Ä F¶nhbmWv At]£bnÂ ^bÂ sNt¿ {]amW§Ä.
5. lÀPnIÄ/ s]äojpIÄ ^bÂ sN¿p¶XnpÅ nÝnX
kab]cn[nþ A¸oet]£tbm dnhnj³ At]£tbm ^bÂ sN¿p¶Xnv
hyXykvX nba§fnepw N«§fnepw IrXyamb Ime]cn[nIÄ nÀ®bn¨n«pv.
C¯c¯nÂ At]£IÄ ^bÂ sN¿p¶Xnp nÝbn¨n«pÅ Ahkm
Znhkw Hcp s]mXp Hgnhp ZnamsW¦nÂ A¸oÂ lÀPn AYhm dnhnj³
s]äoj³ sXm«Sp¯ {]hr¯n Znhkw ^bÂ sN¿mhp¶XmWv. IqSmsX
A¸oet]£tbm, dnhnjt]£tbm ^bÂ sN¿p¶ Znhktam, ImelcW
Imemh[n Bcw`n¡p¶ Znhktam GsX¦nepsam¶v nÝnX ImebfhnÂ n¶v
Ipdhp sN¿mhp¶XpamWv. A¸oÂ/dnhnj³ At]£bvs¡m¸w ImeXmakw
am¸m¡p¶XnpÅ Unte IsmtWj³ lÀPn ^bÂ sN¿p¶Xnv nÝnX
XobXn IW¡m¡p¶Xnpw taÂ hyhØIÄ _m[IamWv.
(2) A¸oepItfm dnhnjpItfm ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ Ahbvs¡m¸w
Unte IsmtWj³ lÀPn lmPcm¡nbn«pÅ ]£w BbXv ]cnKWn¨v
AphZn¡pItbm nckn¡pItbm sNbvXpsImv D¯chp ]mkmt¡XmWv.
tÌ lÀPn t_m[n¸n¨n«pÅ ]£w BbXpw Unte IsmtWj³
lÀPns¡m¸w ]cnKWnt¡Xpw nba¯ntem N«¯ntem hyhØ
sNbvXn«pÅ ]£w am{Xw BbXv AphZnt¡Xpw A¸oÂ/ dnhnj³
lÀPnbnÂ A´na Xocpamw ssIs¡mÅp¶ XobXnhsc tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶
D¯chnsâ S¸m¡Â XSªpsImv Hcp CS¡me D¯chv
]mkm¡mhp¶XpamWv.
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6. hnNmcWbpw sXfnshSp¸pw þ (1) A¸oet]£/ dnhnj³ s]äoj³
^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chv ]mkm¡nb
DtZymKØnÂ n¶pw _Ôs¸« dn¡mÀUpIÄ Bhiys¸tSXpw BbXv
e`n¨mepS³ hnNmcW¯obXn nÝbn¨psImv t{]mkkv X¿mdm¡n
_Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v Abbvt¡XpamWv. hnNmcW tm«oknv
nba§fntem N«§fntem nÝnX amXrI e`yasÃ¦nÂ Ap_Ôwþ--6 Â
tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶ amXrIbnemIWw BbXv X¿mdmt¡Xv. A¸oÂ ^benÂ
kzoIcn¡p¶ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 14 Znhk§Ä¡Iw dn¡mÀUpIÄ
lmPcm¡m³ tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯hv ]mkm¡nb DtZymKØ³
_m[yØmWv. Cu XobXn¡ptijamIWw BZy hnNmcWbv¡mbn XobXn
nÝbnt¡Xv. t{]mkkpIÄ/ tm«okpIÄ/ D¯chpIÄ F¶nh _Ôs¸«
nba§fntem N«§fntem D¯chpIfntem hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅ
{]ImcamIWw I£nIÄ¡p St¯Xv. F¶mÂ t{]mkkpIÄ S¯p¶Xnv
nÝnX hyhØbnÃm¯ kwKXnIfnÂ NphsS tNÀ¡pw hn[amIWw Ah
St¯Xv.
(i) _Ôs¸« I£n, SnbmÄ nbampkrXw NpaXes¸Sp¯nb
hyàn, SnbmfpsS ¹oUÀ F¶nhcnemÀs¡¦nepw tcn«v ÂIns¡mv
(ii) I£nIfpsS Akm¶n²y¯nÂ IpSpw_mwKamb GsX¦nepw
apXnÀ¶ hyàn¡v ÂIns¡mv
(iii) taÂ (i), (ii) F¶o amÀK§Ä km[yaÃmXncn¡p¶nS¯v
I£nbpsS ØncXmak hkXnbpsS ap³hmXnenÂ {]tZihmknIfmb cp
XSØÀamcpsS km¶n²y¯nÂ ]Xn¨p S¯ns¡mv.
(iv) ssI¸äp ckoXv klnXapÅ cPntÌÀUv X]mÂ aptJ
Ab¨p ÂIns¡mv
(2) t{]mkkpIÄ Abbv¡p¶Xnmbn aXnbmb Ìm¼v ]Xn¨v
taÂhnemkw tcJs¸Sp¯nb IhdpIÄ lmPcmt¡Xv A¸oÂ/dnhnj³
At]£IcpsS NpaXebmWv.
(3) Bhiysa¦nÂ hnNmcWbv¡v lmPcmIp¶ I£nIÄ, km£nIÄ
F¶nhsc kXyhmNIw sNmÃn¨psImv samgn tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw BbXv
I£nIsf/ km£nIsfs¡mv km£ys¸Sp¯nt¡XpamWv.
hnNmcWthfbnÂ At]£I³ lmPcm¡p¶ sXfnhpIÄ F1,F2,F3........
F¶n§sbpw FXnÀ I£nIÄ lmPcm¡p¶ sXfnhpIÄ _n.1,_n.2,_n.3.......
F¶n§sbpamWv ASbmfs¸Spt¯Xv.
(4) hnNmcW, sXfnshSp¸v F¶nhbv¡ptijw _Ôs¸« nba¯ntem
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N«¯ntem hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅhbv¡p hnt[bambn A¸oÂ/dnhnj³
A[nImcn¡v tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chv icnh¨p sImtm d±p sNbvXp
sImtm t`ZKXn hcp¯ns¡mtm D¯chv ]mkm¡mhp¶XmWv.
7. A¸oentem ]px]cntim[bntem DÅ Xocpamwþ A¸oet]£Itfm
]px]cntim[m At]£Itfm, XoÀ¸m¡ns¡mv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
]mkm¡p¶ Xocpamw Hcp D¯chv cqt]Wbmbn cnt¡XmWv. D¯chnsâ
amXrI Ap_Ôw þ7 Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p. D¯chpIÄ BbXv ]mkm¡nb
XobXnbnÂ n¶v 7 Znhk§Ä¡Iw _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v Ab¨p
sImSpt¡Xpw BbXv DSSn {]m_ey¯nÂ hcp¯m³ _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ
_m²yØcmbncn¡p¶XpamWv.
8. hnNmcW S¯p¶Xnv ]Icw NpaXe ÂIm³ ]mSnsÃ¶vþ -
A¸oe[nImcn AYhm ]px]cntim[m[nImcnbmbn em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWsd NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅnS¯v hnNmcW S¯pI, samgn
tiJcn¡pI F¶p XpS§nb S]SnIÄ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ tcn«mIWw
kzoIcnt¡Xv. CXnte¡mbn bmsXmcp ImcWhimepw Xsâ IogptZymKØsc
NpaXes¸Sp¯m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ 6
`qan]Xnhv
1. `qan]Xnhv þ (1) kÀ¡mÀ `qan hnhn[ Bhiy§Ä¡mbn AÀlcmb
hyànIÄt¡m IpSpw_§Ät¡m Øm]§Ät¡m hyhØIÄ¡pw
n_ÔIÄ¡pw hnt[bambn ssIamdn ÂIp¶ {]{InbbmWv `qan ]Xnhv.
]m« hyhØbntem ssek³kv aptJtbm DÅ kÀ¡mÀ `qanbpsS
ssIamä§fpw `qan ]Xnhv Xs¶bmWv. C¯c¯nÂ kÀ¡mÀ `qan ]Xnhp
aptJtbm ]m« hyhØbntem ssek³kv aptJtbm ssIamäw sN¿p¶
S]SnIÄ kw_Ôn¨ hyhØIÄ DÄs¡mÅn¨psImv kwØm kÀ¡mÀ
30.11.1960 XobXn {]m_ey¯nÂ tIcf `qan]Xnhv nbaw, 1960 F¶ nbaw
S¸nem¡nbn«pÅXmWv.
(2) 1960 se Sn `qan]Xnhv nbaw IqSmsX aäp Nne nba§fpsS
ASnØm¯nepw kwØm¯v `qan ]Xnhv S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨p hcp¶pv.
1963 se tIcf `q]cnjv¡cW nbaw, 1971 se I®³tZh³ lnÂkv (`qan
hosSp¡Â) nbaw, 1961 se ]«mgn tZhkzc (n£n]vXam¡epw
kzX{´am¡epw) nbaw F¶nhbmWv AhbnÂ {][ms¸«h.
2. hnhn[ `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä þ (1) 1960 se tIcfm `qan]Xnhv nba¯nse
7þmw hIp¸nse A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¨psImv hyXykvX
Bhiy§Ä¡mbpw {]tXyI {]tZi§Ä¡mbpw kÀ¡mÀ H«h[n `qan ]Xnhp
N«§Ä¡p cq]w ÂInbn«pv. 1964 se tIcf `qan]Xnhp N«§Ä, 1993 se
h`qan IpSntbäw {IahÂ¡cn¡Â {]tXyI ]Xnhp N«§Ä, 1995 se tIcfm
apnkn¸Â, tImÀ¸tdj³ {]tZi§fnse `qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä F¶nhbmWv
ChbnÂ {][ms¸«h.
(2) 1960 se tIcfm `qan ]Xnhv nbas¯ ASnØmam¡nbpÅ aäp
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`qan]Xnhv N«§Ä NphsS tNÀ¡p¶hbmWv.
(i) dºÀ Irjn¡mbpÅ `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä, 1960
(ii) hymhkmbnImhiy§Ä¡pÅ `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä, 1961
(iii) `qZm³ `qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä, 1962
(iv) IÀjI sXmgnemfnIfpsS A[nhmk¯nmbpÅ `qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä,
1963
(v) Irjnbpà h`qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä, 1970
(vi) ]«nI tKm{XhÀ¤¡mÀ¡pÅ `qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä, 2001
(vii) ssltd©v tImfsstkj³ kvIow N«§Ä, 1968
(viii) hbmSv tImfsstkj³ kvIow N«§Ä, 1969
(ix) tImþHm¸tdäohv kvIow & FIvkvþ kÀÆokvsa³ tImþHm¸tdäohv
kvIow, 1971
(x) ]pIbne Irjn¡mbn kÀ¡mÀ `qan ]m«¯np ÂIp¶XnpÅ
N«§Ä, 1967
(xi) kÀ¡mÀ Hm^okpIfpsSbpw _w¥mhpIfpsSbpw `qan ]m«¯np
ÂIp¶XnpÅ N«§Ä, 1967
3. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS A[nImc§Ä þ (1) H«pan¡ `qan]Xnhp
N«§Ä {]Imchpw ]Xnh[nImcnbpsStbm A¸oe[nImcnbpsStbm
Xocpam¯nsXncmbn kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ A¸oepIÄ AYhm ]px]cntim[m
lÀPnIÄ tIÄ¡pIbpw XocpamsaSp¡pIbpw sN¿p¶XnpÅ
A[nImc§fmWv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡pÅXv. F¶mÂ Nne N«§Ä
{]Imcw hnhn[ hIp¸pIÄ X½nepÅ XÀ¡§Ä¡v ]cnlmcapm¡pI, nÝnX
]cn[nbnepÅ `qanbv¡v ]m«w AphZn¡pI F¶n§sbpÅ A[nImc§fpw
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdnÂ n£n]vXamWv.
(2) hnhn[ `qan ]Xnhv N«§fnÂ {][ms¸«hsb ASnØmam¡nbpÅ
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS A[nImc§Ä, S]Sn hnhc§Ä F¶nh NphsS
{IampkcWw tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
I 1964 se tIcf `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä
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4. N«w _m[Iamb {]tZi§fpw Bhiy§fpw þ (1) {Kma]©mb¯v
{]tZi§fnse ]Xnhnp tbmKyamb kÀ¡mÀ `qanIÄ hyànKX Irjn¡mtbm
KrlnÀ½mWmhiy¯nmtbm tNÀ¶pÅ cPntÌÀUv `qanbpsS KpWIcamb
D]tbmK¯nmtbm ]Xn¨p ÂIpI, hnhn[ Bhiy§Ä¡mbn ]m«w
aptJtbm ssek³kv aptJtbm `qanssIamdpI F¶o Bhiy§Ä¡mbn
S¸nem¡nbn«pÅXmWv 1964 se tIcf `qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä.
5. 1964 se `qan]Xnhv N«{]ImcapÅ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS
NpaXeIÄþ ]«bw AphZn¡p¶Xpambn _Ôs¸«v HSp¡p hcpt¯
XpIIÄ bYmkabw HSp¡p hcp¯msXbpÅ kwKXnIfnÂ nÝnX
Ime]cn[nbnse ImeXmakw am¸m¡pI, ]m«w ssek³kv F¶nh
DÄs¸sSbpÅ `qan]Xnhv S]SnIfpambn _Ôs¸«v PnÃm IfIvSÀ
]mkm¡nbn«pÅ D¯chnsXncmbn kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ A¸oepIfnÂ
XocpamsaSp¡pI, XlknÂZmÀ /`qan]Xnh[nImcn/ dhyq UnhnjWÂ
Hm^okÀ/ PnÃm IfIvSÀ Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw FSp¯n«pÅ Hcp Xocpamtam
]mkm¡nbn«pÅ Hcp D¯cthm kzta[bmtbm aäphn[¯ntem
]px]cntim[n¡pI F¶nhbmWv Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ nÀÆlnt¡Xmb NpaXeIÄ.
6. nÝnX XpIIÄ HSp¡p¶XnÂ ImeXmakw am¸m¡p¶XnpÅ
S]Sn{Iaw þ (1) `qan ]Xn¨psImv D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨mÂ _Ôs¸«
I£n A{]ImcapÅ `qanbpsS Xdhne, hr£hne, nIpXn IpSnÈnIbpÅ ]£w
A¯cw XpIIÄ, nÝbn¡s¸« aäp XpIIÄ F¶nh ]Xnhp¯chnsâ
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw aq¶p amk§Ä¡pÅnÂ HSp¡p hcp¯m³ _m[yØmWv.
F¶mÂ ssIhi`qanIfpsS kwKXnbnÂ C¯c¯nÂ XpIIÄ
HSp¡phcp¯p¶XnÂ hogvNbpmIp¶ ]£w ]Xnhv D¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ
n¶pw Hcp hÀjw hscbpÅ ImeXmakw dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hm^okÀ¡pw
aq¶phÀjw hscbpÅ ImeXmakw PnÃm IfIvSÀ¡pw A©phÀjw hscbpÅ
ImeXmakw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡pw am¸m¡n ÂImhp¶XmWv.
(2) CXnte¡mbn kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ At]£Ifnt·Â _Ôs¸«
]Xnh[nImcnbnÂ n¶pw dnt¸mÀ«v e`yam¡ns¡mpw ImeXmak¯nv
]Xnht]£I³ t_m[n¸n¨n«pÅ ImcW§Ä ]cntim[n¨psImpw em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw Xocpamw kw_Ôn¨v
]mkm¡p¶ D¯chv At]£Ipw _Ôs¸« ]Xnh[nImcn¡pw Ab¨p
sImSpt¡XpamWv. ImeXmakw am¸m¡ns¡mmWv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ D¯chp ]pds¸Sphn¨n«pÅsX¦nÂ nÝbn¡s¸« XpIIÄ
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{]kvXpX D¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 15 Znhk§Ä¡Iw HSp¡phcp¯m³
At]£I³ _m[yØmWv.
7. PnÃm IfIvSdpsS Xocpam¯nsXncmb A¸oepIÄþ (1) ]«bw, ]m«w,
ssek³kv F¶nhbpambn _Ôs¸«v Hcp A¸oenÃmsX PnÃm IfIvSÀ
]mkm¡nbn«pÅ D¯chnsXncmbn A§sbpÅ D¯chp aqew
k¦Sap`hn¡p¶ hyàn¡v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI A¸oÂ
t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. A¸oÂ kaÀ¸n¡s¸«mepS³ A¸oÂ kw_Ôamb
hnhc§Ä nÀ±njvS amXrIbnepff A¸oÂ cPnÌdnÂ (Ap_Ôwþ )
tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡XmWv. k¦S¡mcmb hyàn {]kvXpX D¯chv
ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnemWv C¯c¯nÂ A¸oÂ
^bÂ sNt¿Xv. F¶mÂ ImeXmakw Dmbn«pÅ kwKXnbnÂ aXnbmb
ImcWw t_m[n¸n¨psImv Hcp “Unte I¬sUmtWj³ lÀPn” IqSn
t_m[n¸n¡s¸«n«pÅ ]£w BbXv ]cntim[n¨v aXnbmb ImcW§fmemWv.
A¸oÂ kaÀ¸n¡p¶XnÂ ImeXmakapmbn«pÅsX¶v t_m[ys¸Sp¶nS¯v
ImeXmakw am¸m¡ns¡mv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v DNnXamb D¯chv
]pds¸Sphn¡mhp¶XmWv.
(2) lÀPnIfnÂ 50/þ cq] aqeyapÅ tImÀ«v ^o Ìm¼v, IqSmsX h¡oÂ
apJm´ncw kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ ]£w 100/-þ aqeyapÅ eoKÂ _^näv ^v
Ìm¼v F¶nh ]Xn¨n«ptmsb¶p ]cntim[nt¡Xpw C¯c¯nÂ aXnbmb
Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«nÃmsX kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ A¸oepIÄ XÅn
Xocpamnt¡XpamWv. tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ Xocpam¯nsâ / D¯chnsâ
ASbmf klnXw ]IÀ¸v/ km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v A¸oÂ lÀPns¡m¸w
DÅS¡w sNbvXn«ps¶pw Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv.
8. A¸oÂ lÀPnbnt·epÅ XpSÀS]SnIÄ þ (1) kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ Hmtcm
At]£Ifpw cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ _Ôs¸« AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ
hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw yqXIfnsÃ¶p t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w
A¯cw A¸oet]£IÄ ^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv. lÀPn ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ “Unte
I¬sUmtWj³ lÀPn” IqSn t_m[n¸n¡s¸«n«pÅnS¯v BbXnÂ DNnXamb
XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw lÀPn ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶
Xocpamw/ D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨ A[nImc tI{µ¯nv 15 Znhk§Ä¡w
JÞnI Xncn¨pÅ adp]Sn, dnt¸mÀ«v, Ap_Ô tcJIÄ, ^bÂ F¶nh
lmPcm¡Wsa¶ nÀt±t¯msS lÀPn ]IÀ¸v Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
(2) XpSÀ¶v hnNmcW XobXn nÝbnt¡Xpw CXp kw_Ôamb
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tm«okv _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v Abbvt¡Xpw I£nIÄ¡v tm«okv
e`n¨n«ps¶v Dd¸p hcpt¯XpamWv. _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v ]dbphmpÅXv
tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb Hcp Ahkcw ÂIns¡mÃmsX A¸oÂ lÀPnbnÂ
bmsXmcp Xocpamhpw ssIs¡mÅm³ ]mSpÅXÃ. lÀPnbnÂ A¸oÂ
lÀPn¡mc³ D¶bn¨n«pÅ {]iv§fnÂ nÀ®bn¡s¸tSh
GsXms¡sb¶v Xocpamnt¡Xpw (Framing Issues) A¯cw {]iv§Ä
XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡p¶Xnv bpàamb hnNmcW S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡XpamWv.
(3) A¸oÂ hmZnbpsS samgn, lmPcm¡nb tcJIÄ, FXnÀ I£nbpsS
dnt¸mÀ«v F¶nh ]cntim[n¨psImv tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ Xocpamw AYhm
D¯chv Øncs¸Sp¯ns¡mtm t`ZKXnhcp¯ns¡mtm d±p
sNbvXpsImtm em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw A¯cw
Xocpamw Hcp D¯chnsâ cq]¯nÂ Bbncnt¡XpamWv. D¯chv
]pds¸Sphn¨mepS³ BbXv _Ôs¸« I£n¡v Ab¨p ÂtIXmWv.
9. ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ þ (1) ]cntim[m hn`mK¯nsâ
]cntim[bpsS `mKamtbm atäsX¦nepw hn[¯ntem, GsX¦nepw
XlknÂZmtcm ]Xnh[nImcntbm dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hmôktdm PnÃm
IfIvStdm Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw ]mkm¡nbn«pÅ Hcp D¯chntem FSp¯n«pÅ
Hcp Xocpam¯ntem {Iat¡SpIÄ DÅXmbn em³Uv dhhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w A¯cw Xocpamw/ D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨ XobXnbnÂ
n¶pw cp hÀj§Ä¡Iw A¯cw Xocpamw/ D¯chv kw_Ôn¨v em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kzta[bm ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅmhp¶XmWv. IqSmsX XlknÂZmÀ/ ]Xnh[nImcn/ dhyq
UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ/ PnÃm IfIvSÀ FSp¯ Xocpam¯nsXnsc/ ]mkm¡nb
D¯chnsXnsc _Ôs¸« I£n¡v {]kvXpX Xocpam¯nsâ/ D¯chnsâ
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 2 hÀj§Ä¡pÅnÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI
]px ]cntim[m lÀPn kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XpamWv. A¸oÂ lÀPnIfnteXnp
kamambn tImÀ« ô Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«ps¶pw tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ
]IÀ¸v DÅS¡w sNbvXn«ps¶pw Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv. C¯cw
Ahkc§fnÂ _Ôs¸« D¯chv/ Xocpamw ]pds¸Sphn¨ A[nImcntbmSv
15 Znhk§Ä¡Iw hniZamb dnt¸mÀ«v e`yam¡p¶Xnv nÀt±int¡Xpw
_Ôs¸« ^bÂ hnfn¨p hcpt¯XpamWv.
(2) XpSÀ¶v A¸oense AtX S]Sn{Ia§Ä ]men¨v hnNmcW XobXn
nÝbnt¡Xpw tm«okv ÂIns¡mv _Ôs¸« I£nIsf tcnÂ
tIÄt¡XpamWv. lÀPnI£nIÄ¡v ]dbphmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb
Hchkcw ÂImsX bmsXmcp ImcWhimepw ]px]cntim[m lÀPnbnÂ
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XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡m³ ]mSpÅXÃ. k¦S¡mcmb hyànIfpsS samgn ]cntim[n¨pw
D¯chv ]mkm¡nb A[nImcnbpsS dnt¸mÀ«v ]cntim[n¨pw _Ôs¸« ^bÂ
]cntim[n¨pw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ N«§fnse hyhØIÄ¡p
hnt[bambn ]px]cntim[bv¡v B[mcamb D¯chv/ Xocpamw
Øncs¸Sp¯ns¡mtm d±p sNbvXpsImtm BbXnÂ t`ZKXn
hcp¯ns¡mtm DNnXamb D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw D¯chnsâ
]IÀ¸pIÄ DSSn _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
10. ]m«w/ ssek³kv AphZn¡Â þ (1) 1964 se tIcfm `qan]Xnhp
N«§fnse N«w 13F(2) {]Imcw XpdapJ ]cn[n¡pÅnse Øe§Ä assd³
CXc Bhiy§Ä¡mbn ]m«¯ntm ssek³kntm ÂIp¶Xnv hnhn[
dhyq DtZymKØsc NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXmWv. C¯cw {]tZi§fnÂ
Hä¯hW ]¯phÀj¯nÂ Ihnbp¶Xpw hnkvXrXn 4.0468 slIvSdnÂ
Ihnbp¶Xpamb ]m«tam ssek³tkm AphZn¡p¶XnpÅ NpaXe em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWdnÂ n£n]vXamWv. assd³ Bhiy§Ä GsXms¡sb¶Xv
kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä 1964 se tIcfm `qan ]Xnhv N«§fnse N«w 13F
bpsS cmw D]N«¯np IognepÅ (F) apXÂ (FÂ) hsc JÞ§fnembn
tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p. Ch HgnsIbpÅ Bhiy§Ä¡mbn ]m«tam ssek³tkm
AphZn¡p¶XnmWv dhyq DtZymKØsc NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXv.
(2) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ]m«w AYhm ssek³kv AphZnt¡
kwKXnIfnepw N«¯np_ÔambpÅ VIþmw ¼À t^md¯nepÅ At]£
kzoIcn¡pI, {]mYanI AtzjW hnNmcW S¯pI, Ap_Ôw Vþ eqÅ
tm«okv ]pds¸Sphn¡pIbpw {]kn²s¸Sp¯pIbpw sN¿pI F¶o NpaXeIÄ
nÀÆlnt¡Xv _Ôs¸« XlknÂZmÀamcmbncn¡p¶XmWv. Ap_ÔwþVI
tm«okv {]kn²s¸Sp¯p¶Xns XpSÀ¶v Bt£]§Ä
t_m[n¸n¡s¸«n«ps¦nÂ At]£, Aq_Ô tcJIÄ, dnt¸mÀ«v
Bt£]§fnt·epÅ XlknÂZmcpsS Xocpamhpw AXnte¡p bn¨
ImcW§fpw F¶nh em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v ssIamtdXpw
t_m[n¸n¡s¸« Bt£]§fnÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb
Xocpamw ssIs¡mtÅXpamWv.
(3) XpdapJ ]cn[n¡pÅnse Øe§Ä C¯c¯nÂ assd³ CXc
Bhiy§Ä¡mbn ]m«/ssek³kv hyhØbnÂ ssIamdp¶Xnp ap¼mbn
XpdapJ A[nIrXcpsS A`n{]mbw IqSn Bcmªncnt¡XmWv. N«§fnse
hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bambpw XpdapJ A[nIrXcpsS A`n{]mb¯np
hnt[bambpw ]m«w AYhm ssek³kv AphZn¨psImv D¯chp
]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ ]£w ]m«w/ ssek³kv kw_Ôn¨ hniZmwi§Ä nÀ±njvS
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cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡Xpw D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸pIÄ PnÃm
IfIvSÀ, XlknÂZmÀ, hntÃPv HmôkÀ, XpdapJ hIp¸[nIrXÀ F¶nhÀ¡v
11. kÀ¡mÀ Hmôkv ØnXn sN¿p¶ Øe§Ä ]m«¯ntm
ssek³kntm AphZn¡Â þ (1) kÀ¡mÀ HmôkpIÄ ØnXn sN¿p¶
`qan ]m«¯np sImSp¡p¶Xntm ssek³kv aptJ ssIamdp¶Xntm DÅ
S]SnIfnÂ A§sbpÅ ]m«w AYhm ssek³kv AphZnt¡
A[nImctI{µw PnÃm IfIvSdmhpIbpw A¯cw HmôkpIfpambn _Ôs¸«
hIp¸v AYhm hIp¸pIfpw PnÃm IfIvSdpw X½nÂ ]m«w AYhm ssek³kv
AphZn¡p¶XnÂ A`n{]mb hyXymkw DmIpIbpw sN¿p¶ ]£w PnÃm
IfIvSÀ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdnÂ n¶pw CXpkw_Ôamb D¯chv
tSnbncn¡Wsa¶v N«w 19 Â hyhØ sNbvXncn¡p¶p.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ A`n{]mb `n¶XbpÅXmbn PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pw
hnhcw e`n¨mepS³ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ _Ôs¸« hIp¸pIfnÂ n¶pw
s]mXpacma¯v hIp¸nÂ n¶pw dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ e`yamt¡Xpw ]m«w/
ssek³kv AphZn¡mhp¶XmtWm AÃtbm F¶XnÂ DNnXamb D¯chv
]pds¸Sphnt¡XpamWv.
II apnkn¸Â, tImÀ¸tdj³ {]tZi§fnse `qan]Xnhv
N«§Ä
12. N«w _m[Iamb {]tZi§fpw Bhiy§fpw þ (1) kwØms¯
apnkn¸Â, tImÀ¸tdjpIfpsS ]cn[nbnÂ hcp¶ ]Xnhnp tbmKyamb
kÀ¡mÀ `qanIÄ hmkKrl§Ä, ISIÄ F¶nh nÀ½n¡p¶Xnmtbm
hmWnPy ]ctam [À½]ctam Bb Bhiy§Ä¡mtbm cPntÌÀUv `qan¡p
tNÀ¶pÅ kÀ¡mÀ `qanbpsS KpW]camb D]tbmK§Ä¡mtbm ]Xn¨p
ÂIp¶Xnmbn S¸nem¡nbn«pÅXmWv 1995 se apnkn¸Â, tImÀ¸tdj³
{]tZis¯ `qan ]Xnhv N«§Ä.
(2) apnkn¸Â, tImÀ¸tdj³ {]tZi§fnse hyànIÄt¡m
IpSpw_§Ät¡m hmkØe¯nmtbm ISapdnIÄ nÀ½n¡p¶Xnmtbm
kao] `qanbpsS KpW]camb D]tbmK¯nmtbm `qan ]Xn¨p ÂIp¶Xnv
Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw PnÃm IfIvSÀamscbmWv NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXv.
F¶mÂ Øm]§Ä¡p `qan ]Xn¨p ÂIp¶XnpÅ A[nImcw kÀ¡mcnÂ
am{Xw n£n]vXamWv. Øm]w F¶mÂ kmaqlnItam kmwkm¡mcnItam
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aX]ctam hmWnPy]ctam Bb {]hÀ¯§fnÂ GÀs¸«phcp¶
{]Øm§fmIp¶p.
(3) taÂ ]cmaÀin¨ {]ImcapÅ ]Xn¨p ÂIÂ A[nImctI{µ§Ä¡v,
`mhnbnÂ kÀ¡mÀ Bhiy§Ät¡m s]mXp Bhiy§Ät¡m
Bhiyamtb¡mhp¶Xpw F¶mÂ DSSn A§sbpÅ Bhiy§Ä¡mbn
thXnÃm¯Xpamb kÀ¡mÀ `qanIÄ GsX¦nepw XmÂ¡menI
Bhiy§Ä¡mbn ]camh[n 3 hÀj Imebfhnte¡v ]m« hyhØbnÂ
AphZn¡mhp¶XmWv.
13. A¸oepIfnt·epÅ S]SnIÄ þ (1) ]Xn¨p ÂIÂ A[nImctI{µw
F¶ nebnÂ PnÃm IfIvSÀ ]mkm¡nbn«pÅ GsXmcp¯chnsXnscbpapÅ
A¸oepIfnÂ XocpamsaSp¡pI F¶XmWv Cu N«{]ImcapÅ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS GI NpXae.
(2) PnÃm IfIvSdpsS D¯chnmÂ k¦Sap`hn¡p¶bmfnv {]kvXpX
D¯chv ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnemWv A¸oÂ
t_m[n¸n¡mmIpI. F¶mÂ ImeXmakapmbn«pÅnS¯v A{]ImcapÅ
ImeXmak¯nv aXnbmb ImcWw tcJs¸Sp¯nb “Unte I¬sUmtWj³
lÀPn” IqSn kaÀ¸n¨n«ps¦nÂ t_m[n¸n¡s¸« ImcW§fpsSbpw
lmPcm¡nbn«pÅ sXfnhpIfpsSbpw ASnØm¯nÂ A¯cw
ImcW§fmemWv ImeXmakapmbn«pÅsX¶v t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v A§sbpÅ ImeXmakw am¸m¡ns¡mv DNnXamb
D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¡mhp¶Xpw A¸oÂ lÀPn ^benÂ
kzoIcn¡mhp¶XpamWv.
(3) A¸oenÂ aXnbmb Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«ptmsb¶pw A¸oenm[mcamb
D¯chnsâ AkÂ AYhm km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v DÅS¡w
sNbvXn«ptmsb¶papÅ hnhc§Ä cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀ Dd¸phcp¯ns¡mv ^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v Abbvt¡XmWv. A¸oÂ ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ A¸oÂ
kw_Ôamb hnhc§Ä A¸oÂ cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡XpamWv.
(4) A¸oÂ ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ hnNmcW XobXn
nÝbn¨psImv _Ôs¸«hÀ¡v tm«okbbv¡pI, FXnÀ I£nbnÂ n¶pw
kXyhmMvaqew e`yam¡pI, _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v ]dbmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³
ymbamb Hcp Ahkcw ÂIpI F¶o S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨psImv
nba¯nsebpw N«§fnsebpw hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bambn tNmZyw
sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chv Øncs¸Sp¯ns¡mtm BbXnÂ t`ZKXn
hcp¯ns¡mtm {]kvXpX D¯chv d±p sNbvXpsImtm em³Uv dhyq
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I½ojWÀ DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw BbXv D¯chv
cq]¯nembncnt¡XpamWv. A¸oenÂ I£nbÃm¯ Hcp hyàns¡Xncmbn
A§sbpÅbmfns _m[n¡p¶ Xc¯nepÅ Hcp D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡n
hcp¶ ]£w A¯cw hyàn¡v ]dbphmpÅXv tIÄ¡p¶Xnpw
nÀ_Ôambpw Hchkcw ÂInbncnt¡XmWv. A¸oÂ XoÀ¸m¡ns¡mv
D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨mepS³ BbXnsâ ]IÀ¸pIÄ _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v
III. 1993se h`qan IpSntbä {IahÂ¡cW ]Xnhv N«§Ä
14. h`qanbnse IpSntbä§fpw {IahÂ¡cW hyhØIfpw þ (1)
1.1.1977 p ap¼mbn h`qanbnÂ S¯nbncp¶ IpSntbä§Ä
{IahÂ¡cn¨psImv A¯cw IpSntbä¡mÀ¡v IpSntbä `qanbnÂ ]«bw
AphZn¡pI F¶ Dt±iyt¯msS kwØm kÀ¡mÀ S¸nem¡nb N«§fmWv
“1993 se tIcf `qan]Xnhv (1.1.1977 p ap¼pÅ h`qan IpSntbäw
{IahÂ¡cn¡Â) {]tXyI N«§Ä”. Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw hyànKX Irjn,
`h nÀ½mWw, ISapdnIfpsS nÀ½mWw F¶o Bhiy§Ä¡mbn Hcp
IpSpw_¯nv ]camh[n 4 G¡À F¶ ]cn[n¡p hnt[bambn `qan ]Xn¨p
ÂIp¶ Bhiy¯nte¡mbn 28588.159 slIvSÀ h`qanbmWv hw hIp¸v
dhyq hIp¸nv ssIamdn ÂInbncp¶Xv. Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw ]Xn¨p
ÂIp¶Xnmbn hw hIp¸nÂ n¶pw hn«p In«nb h`qanbnÂ CSp¡n
PnÃbnse 1.1.1977 p ap¼mbn GteXc Irjn¡mbn ]cnhÀ¯w sNbvXn«pÅ
Gew dnkÀhpIfpw (Cardamam Hill Reserves) DÄs¸Sp¶XmIp¶p.
(2) Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw `qan]Xn¨p ÂIp¶ A[nImcØmw
XlknÂZmtcm CXntebv¡mbn ntbmKn¡s¸Sp¶ kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmtcm
Bbncn¡p¶XmWv.
15. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄ þ (1) XlknÂZmÀ Cu
N«§Ä {]ImcapÅ t^mdw ¼À þ 4 Â ]Xnhp¯chv _Ôs¸« I£n¡v
ssIamdnbmÂ {]kvXpX D¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp amk¯nIw
Xdhnebpw aäp_Ô NmÀPpIfpw HSp¡p hcp¯p¶Xnv A§sbpÅ I£n
_m[yØmbncn¡p¶XmWv F¶v N«w 9 Â hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅXmWv.
]Xnht]£Itm CWtbm ]«nIPmXn/ ]«nI hÀK¯nÂs¸«hcmbncp¶mÂ
A§sbpÅ hyànIfnÂ n¶v Xdhne CuSm¡m³ ]mSpÅXpaÃ. F¶mÂ
C¯c¯nepÅ Xdhnetbm Ap_ÔNmÀPpItfm HSp¡p hcp¯p¶XnÂ
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]nXht]£I³ hogvN hcp¯pIbpw ]Xnhnv hnt[bamb `qanbnÂ n¶v
A¯c¡msc Hgn¸n¨n«nÃmXncn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ ]£w dhyq UnhnjWÂ
HmôkÀ, PnÃm IfIvSÀ, em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ F¶nhÀ¡v ]Xnhp¯chnsâ
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw bYm{Iaw Hcp hÀjw, aq¶phÀjw, A©phÀjw
F¶n§sbpÅ ImeXmakw am¸m¡n ÂImhp¶XmWv. aq¶p
hÀj¯ne[nIhpw F¶mÂ A©phÀj¯ne[nIcn¡msXbpapÅ ImeXmakw
Dmbn«pÅ tIkpIfnÂ taÂ JÞnIþþþþ Â ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ S]Sn{Ia§Ä
]men¨v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw BbXv
D¯chp cq]¯nÂ ]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸v _Ôs¸«
XlknÂZmÀ, At]£I³ F¶nhÀ¡v DSSn Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
C{]Imcw ImeXmakw am¸m¡n D¯chmIp¶ ]£w At]£I³ nÀ±njvS
XpIIÄ {]kvXpX D¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 15 Znhk§Ä¡Iw HSp¡p
hcp¯m³ _m[yØmbncn¡p¶XmWv.
(2) Cu N«¯n³ IognÂ XlknÂZmtcm dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hmôktdm
PnÃm IfIvStdm FSp¯n«pÅ GsX¦nepw Xocpamtam ]mkm¡nbn«pÅ Hcp
D¯cthm kzta[bmtbm A§sbpÅ Xocpamtam D¯cthm aptJ
k¦Sap`hn¡p¶bmfpsS At]£bnt·tem ]px]cntim[n¡pI F¶XmWv
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS asämcp NpaXe. _Ôs¸« A[nImcnbpsS
D¯chnsâ AYhm Xocqam¯nsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw cp hÀj§Ä¡p
tijw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ C¯c¯nÂ ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
kzoIcn¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv. IqSmsX _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v ]dbmpÅXv
tIÄ¡m³ aXnbmb Hcp Ahkcw ÂImsXbpw C¯cw ]px]cntim[m
tIkpIÄ XoÀ¸m¡m³ ]mSpÅXÃ. taÂ JÞnI þþþþþÂ ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ
AtX S]Sn{Ia§Ä ]men¨psImv ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
XoÀ¸mt¡Xpw ]px]cntim[bv¡m[mcamb D¯chv
Øncs¸Sp¯ns¡mtm d±p sNbvXpsImtm Bhiyamb t`ZKXnIÄ
hcp¯ns¡mtm em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡XpamWv.
]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä nÀ±njvS cPnÌdnÂ
tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡Xpw S]SnIÄ ]qÀ¯oIcn¨p sImp Ańa
D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨mepS³ BbXnsâ ]IÀ¸v _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡pw
A[nImcØm¯npw Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
IV. 1963se IÀjI sXmgnemfnIsf
A[nhkn¸n¡p¶XnpÅ `qan]Xnhv N«§Ä
16. Cu N«§Ä {]ImcapÅ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄ
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þ (1) `qclnX IÀjIs¯mgnemfnIsf A[nhkn¸n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn tI{µ
klmbt¯msSbpÅ ]²XnbpsS `mKambn `qclnXcmb
IÀjIs¯mgnemfnIÄ¡v ImÀjnImhiy§Ä¡mbn `qan]Xn¨p
ÂIp¶Xnmbn kwØm¯v S¸nem¡nbn«pÅ N«§fmWv “1963 se
IÀjIs¯mgnemfnIse A[nhkn¸n¡p¶Xnmbn kÀ¡mÀ `qan]Xn¨p
ÂIp¶XnpÅ N«§Ä”. dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ ]mkm¡nb
D¯chnsXnsc A¸oÂ tIÄ¡pI, XlknÂZmtcm dhyq UnhnjWÂ
Hmôktdm PnÃm IfIvStdm Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw FSp¯ Xocpamtam
]pds¸Sphn¨ D¯cthm kzta[bmtbm aäp hn[¯ntem ]px]cntim[n¡pI
F¶nhbmWv Cu N«§Ä {]ImcapÅ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄ.
(2) A¸oepIfpsS kwKXnbnÂ dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkdpsS
D¯chsâ ssI¸äp XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ
kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ At]£IfmWv ^benÂ kzoIcnt¡Xv. F¶mÂ aXnbmb
ImcWw t_m[n¸n¡pIbpw Ah bpàsa¶v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
t_m[ys¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶ kwKXnIfnÂ ImeXmakw am¸m¡ns¡mv em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v DNnXamb XocpamsaSp¡mhp¶XmWv. A¸oÂ ^benÂ
kzoIcn¡pIbpw XpSÀS]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pIbpw sN¿pI, ImeXmakw
am¸m¡pI F¶o kwKXnIfnÂ bYm{Iaw taÂ JÞnIIÄ ......, .......
F¶nhbnse S]Sn{Ia§Ä AphÀ¯nt¡XmWv. A¸oensâ
hniZhnhc§Ä nÀ±njvS amXrIbnepÅ cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n
kq£nt¡Xpw A¸oÂ lÀPn XoÀ¸m¡ns¡mv D¯chmbmepS³ BbXnsâ
]IÀ¸pIÄ _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
(3) kzta[bmtbm AÃmsXtbm kzoIcn¡p¶ ]px]cntim[m
S]SnIfnÂ taÂ JÞnI þþ se S]Sn{Ia§Ä ]men¨v A¯cw tIkpIÄ
XoÀ¸pIÂ¸nt¡XmWv. XlknÂZmtcm dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hmôktdm
PnÃm IfIvStdm ]pds¸Sphn¨ D¯chnsâtbm Xocpam¯nsâtbm XobXnbnÂ
n¶pw cp hÀj§Ä¡p tijw ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅm³
]mSpÅXÃ. IqSmsX _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v ]dbmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb
Hchkcw ÂsIsXbpw ]px]cntim[m S]SnIfnÂ Ańa Xocpamw
ssIs¡mÅm³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv. ]px]cntim[ kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§fpw
nÀ±njvS cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡Xpw ]px]cntim[
bv¡m[mcamb D¯chv AYhm Xocpamw Øncs¸Sp¯ns¡mtm d±p
sNbvXpsImtm t`ZKXn hcp¯ns¡mtm em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸pIÄ DSSn _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v
Ab¨psImSpt¡XpamWv.
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V. ]px]cntim[m[nImc§Ä hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅ aäp
`qan ]Xnhp N«§Ä
17. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v ]px]cntim[m[nImc§Ä hyhØ
sNbvXn«pÅ aäp `qan]Xnhp N«§Ä þ (1) NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ `qan ]Xnhp
N«§fnÂ taÂ JÞnI þþþþ se S]Sn{Ia§Ä ]men¨psImv kzta[bmtbm
aäp hn[¯ntem em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅmhp¶XmWv.
(i) ssltd©v tImfsstkj³ ]²Xn N«§Ä, 1968þ Cu N«§Ä
{]Imcw tZhnIpfw dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hmôktdm CSp¡n PnÃm IfIvStdm
]pds¸Sphn¨ GsX¦nepw D¯cthm Xocpamtam A¯cw D¯chnsâ
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp hÀj¯nIw kzta[bmtbm aäphn[¯ntem DÅ
]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨psImpw k¦S¡mcmb hyàn¡v
]dbmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb Ahkcw ÂIns¡mpw d±p sN¿pItbm
amäw hcp¯pItbm Øncs¸Sp¯pItbm sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
(ii) hbmSv tImfsstkj³ ]²Xn N«§Ä, 1969 þ Cu N«§Ä
{]Imcw AUvannkvt{Säohv Hmôktdm AUvannkvt{Säohv HmôkdpsS
A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¡p¶Xnmbn kÀ¡mÀ NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ
GsX¦nepw DtZymKØtm PnÃm IfIvStdm FSp¯n«pÅ GsX¦nepw
D¯cthm Xocpamtam A¯csamcp D¯chnsâtbm Xocpam¯nsâtbm
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw cphÀj§Ä¡pÅnembn _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v
]dbmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb Hchkcw ÂIns¡mv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v ]pXp¡pItbm hyXymks¸Sp¯pItbm d±p sN¿pItbm
sN¿mhp¶XmWv. IqSmsX ]Xnhp¯chnÂ HSp¡phcp¯p¶Xnmbn
nÀt±in¨n«pÅ hnhn[ XpIIÄ ]Xnhp¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 6
amk§Ä¡pÅnÂ HSp¡p hcp¯Wsa¶v hyhØbpÅXpw C¯c¯nÂ
XpIIÄ HSp¡p hcp¯p¶XnÂ 2 hÀj¡mebfhnÂ IqSpXÂ ImeXmakw
h¶n«pÅ kwKXnIfnÂ At]£ ]cnKWn¨v ImeXmakw am¸m¡p¶Xnv
DNnXamb S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅp¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
(iii) tImþHm¸tdäohv tImfsstkj³ ]²Xn N«§Ä, 1971
]Xnh[nImcntbm PnÃm IfIvStdm Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw FSp¯n«pÅ
GsX¦nepw Xocpamtam D¯cthm A§sbpÅ Xocpamtam D¯cthm
]pds¸Sphn¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 2 hÀjw hscbpÅ ImebfhnpÅnembn
kzta[bmtbm aäphn[¯ntem ]px]cntim[n¡p¶Xnpw ]cntim[
bv¡m[mcamb D¯chv AYhm Xocpamw ]px]cntim[m S]SnIfneqsS
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]pXp¡ns¡mtm amäw hcp¯ns¡mtm d±p sNbvXpsImtm
D¯chmIp¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
(iv) Irjnbpà h`qan ]Xnhp N«§Ä, 1970 þ Cu N«§Ä {]Imcw
GsXmcptZymKØpw FSp¯ Xocpamtam ]pds¸Sphn¨ D¯cthm
A§sbpÅ Xocpamtam D¯cthm ]pds¸Sphn¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw cp
hÀjw hscbpÅ ImebfhnÂ kzta[bmtbm aäp hn[¯ntem
]px]cntim[n¡p¶Xnpw A§sbpÅ D¯cthm Xocpamtam
]px]cntim[m S]SnIfneqsS ]pXp¡ns¡mtm amäw hcp¯ns¡mtm
d±p sNbvXpsImtm D¯chmIp¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
VI. ]Xnhv, ]m«w F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ aäp S]Sn{Ia§Ä
18. cPnÌdpIÄ kq£nt¡Xp kw_Ôn¨v þ (1) hyXykvX ]Xnhp N«§Ä
{]Imcw Hmtcm PnÃbnepw ]«bw AphZn¡p¶Xnmbn o¡n h¨n«pÅ
`qanbpsS hnhc§Ä, Hmtcm km¼¯nI hÀjhpw ]«bw AphZn¨ tIkpIfpsS
F®hpw `qanbpsS hnhc§fpw F¶n§sbpÅ hniZmwi§Ä PnÃm
IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw e`yamt¡Xpw BbXv cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n
kq£nt¡XpamWv.
(2) kwØms¯ ]m« `qanIfpsS hnhc§fpw PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ
n¶pw tiJcnt¡Xpw Ah cPnÌdnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡XpamWv.
]m«`qanIsf kw_Ôn¨v ]pXpXmbn AphZn¨ tIkpIÄ, ]pXp¡nb tIkpIÄ,
Imemh[n Ignª tIkpIÄ F¶n§s {]tXyIambn cPnÌdpIÄ X¿mdm¡n
kq£nt¡Xpw IpSnÈnI¯pIIÄ CuSm¡p¶Xnpw Imemh[n Ignª ]m«
tIkpIfnÂ Hgn¸n¡Â S]SnIÄ Bhiysa¦nÂ A¯cw S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅp¶Xnpw Bhiyamb nÀt±i§Ä ]pds¸Sphnt¡XpamWv.
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AphZn¡p¶ ]m«§sf kw_Ôn¨v {]tXyI
cPnÌÀ X¿mdm¡n kq£nt¡XmWv.
19. BpImenI§Äþ (1) kwØm¯v hnXcWw sNbvX ]«b§Ä,
AphZn¨tXm ]pXp¡nbtXm Bb ]m«§Ä F¶nh kw_Ôn¨v PnÃm
IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶v ss{Xamk BpImenI§Ä e`yamt¡Xpw Ah
t{ImUoIcn¨v taÂ JÞnIbnÂ ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ cPnÌdpIÄ
mfXoIcnt¡XpamWv. ]«b§sf kw_Ôn¨v hyXykvX N«§Ä {]Imcw
AphZn¨n«pÅ ]«b§Ä¡v {]tXyIw {]tXyIambmbncn¡Ww BpImenIÄ
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X¿mdmt¡Xv. ]«bw AphZn¡mmbn o¡n h¨ `qanbpsS hnhc§Ä, ap³
BpImenI {]Imcw AphZn¡s¸« BsI F®hpw hnkvXoÀ®hpw, nehnse
]mZ¯nÂ (Quarter) AphZn¨ BsI F®hpw hnkvXoÀ®hpw, nckn¨
tIkpIfpsS hnhc§Ä F¶o hnhc§Ä DÄs¡mÅn¨pÅ BpImenI§fmWv
ss{XamknIambn PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw e`yamt¡XmWv.
(2) kwØms¯ ]m« `qanIsf kw_Ôn¨pw PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ
n¶pw ss{Xamk BpImenI§Ä e`yamt¡Xpw BbXnsâ
ASnØm¯nÂ CXte¡mbn kq¡n¨n«pÅ cPnkvädpIÄ
mfXoIcnt¡XpamWv. ]pXpXmbn AphZn¨ ]m« tIkpIÄ, ]pXp¡n
ÂInb tIkpIÄ, Imemh[n Ignª tIkpIÄ F¶n§s aq¶p {]tXyI
BpImenI§Ä e`yamt¡Xpw AhbnÂ Hmtcm PnÃbnepw AphZn¨tXm
]pXp¡nbtXm Imemh[n IgnªtXm Bb tIkpIfpsS F®w, `qanbpsS
hnkvXoÀ®w, ]m«¯pI, HSp¡p hnhc§Ä F¶nh DÄs¡mÅn¨n«ps¶v
Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv.
20. ]«b t^md§fpsS A¨Snbpw hnXcWhpwþ hnhn[ N«§Ä {]Imcw
AphZnt¡ ]«b§fpsS A¨Snbpw hnXcWhpw S¯m³ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. {]tXyI Xncn¨dnbÂ ¼À tNÀ¯pÅXpw
tlmtfm{Kmw ]Xn¨Xpamb ]«b t^md§fpsS Bhiyamb F®w PnÃm
IfIvSÀamcnÂn¶pw tiJcnt¡Xpw BbXv A¨Sn¨v e`yam¡n tÌm¡nÂ
tNÀ¯v kq£nt¡Xpw Xncn¨dnbÂ ¼À {Ia¯nÂ PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ¡v/
]Xnh[nImcnIÄ¡v hnXcWw sNt¿XpamWv.
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A²ymbwþ 7
t]m¡phchv
1. t]m¡phchv AYhm Paamäw þ `qanbpsS bYmÀ° DSabnÂ nt¶m
ssIhi¡mcnÂ nt¶m ASnØm `qnIpXn CuSm¡p¶Xnp thn
`qanbpsS Aym[o§Ä¡pkcWambn Xt¸À IW¡nÂ amä§Ä
hcp¯p¶ S]SnbmWv t]m¡phchv AYhm Paamäw. 1.10.1967 XobXn
{]m_ey¯nÂ kwØm¯v S¸nÂ hcp¯nbn«pÅ tIcf t]m¡phchv
N«§Ä, 1966 se hyhØIÄ¡pkcWambmWv t]m¡phchv S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mtÅXv.
2.t]m¡phchnp hnt[bamb `qanssIamä§Ä þ (1) ASnØm `qnIpXn
Npa¯p¶Xnp hnt[bamb `qanIfpsS ssIamä§Ä¡p am{XamWv t]m¡phchp
N«§Ä _m[Iambn«pÅXv. t]m¡phchpambn _Ôs¸« `qanIfpsS
ssIamä§sf S]Sn{Ia§fpsS `mKambn k_vUnhnj³ tIkpIÄ F¶pw
k_vUnhnjnÃm¯ tIkpIÄ F¶pw cmbn Xcw Xncn¨ncn¡p¶p. `qanbnÂ
]pXnb k_vUnhnj³ krjvSn¨psImÃmsXbpÅ `qan ssIamä§fmWv
k_vUnhnjnÃm¯ tIkpIÄ. F¶mÂ `qanbpsS BsI hnkvXoÀ®¯nÂ
n¶pw `mKnIambn am{Xw ssIamäw S¡p¶ tIkpIfnÂ ssIamäw sN¿s¸Sp¶
`qan¡v k_vUnhnj³ S¯n ]pXnb k_vUnhnj³ ¼À ÂtIXpv.
C¯c¯nepÅ ssIamä§fnepÄs¸« t]m¡phchp tIkpIfmWv
k_vUnhnj³ tIkpIÄ F¶dnbs¸Sp¶Xv.
(2) km[mcWKXnbnÂ t]m¡phchnp hnt[bamb `qan ssIamä§Ä
NphsS tNÀ¡p¶hbmWv.
(i) `qhpSaIfpsS kz´w CjvS{]ImcapÅ `qan
ssIamä§Äþ C¯cw tIkpIfnÂ `qan ssIamdp¶bmfnv `qanbnt·Â
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hnÂ¸mhImiw Dmbncnt¡Xpw `qanbnt·epÅ ]cn]qÀ®amb
AhImi§fpw Hcp cPntÌÀUv B[mc{]Imcw ssIamäw
sNbvXncnt¡XpamWv. AXmbXv D]m[n_ÔnXamb ssIamä§Ä Cu
N«{]ImcapÅ t]m¡phchv S]SnIÄ¡p hnt[basÃ¶À°w.
(ii) knhnÂ tImSXnhn[n, dhyq hnÂ¸þ knhnÂ
tImSXnIÄ Hcp Un{In aptJtbm D¯chp aptJtbm hn[n DSaØv `qan
ssIamdn ÂIp¶ Ahkc¯ntem dhyq hnÂ¸ {]Imcw t{IXmhnsâ t]cnÂ
Hcp hnÂ¸ kÀ«n^n¡äv aptJ `qan ssIamdp¶ Ahkc¯ntem {]kvXpX
Un{In/ D¯chv / hnÂ¸ kÀ«n^n¡äv cPnÌdn§v HmôkÀ ap¼msI
lmPcm¡n cPnÌÀ sNbvXpIgnªmÂ {]kvXpX ssIamä§Ä t]m¡phchv
S]SnIÄ¡p hnt[bamIp¶p.
(iii) ]n³XpSÀ¨mhImiwþ Hcp ]«mZmÀ acWaSªmÂ Ayw
nÂ¸Ãm¯ kwKXnbnÂ {]kvXpX ]«mZmcsâ DSaØXbnepw
ssIhi¯nepapmbncp¶ `qan At±l¯nsâ / AhcpsS AćhIminIÄ
t]cnte¡v ssIamäw sN¿s¸Sp¶p F¶XnmÂ C¯cw ssIamä§fpw
t]m¡phchnp hnt[bamWv. C¯cw t]m¡phchp S]SnIfnÂ cPnÌÀ
sNbvXtXm AÃm¯tXm Bb Hcp ssIamä IcWw BhiyanÃm¯XmWv.
3. t]m¡phchv XoÀ¨ sN¿p¶XnpÅ A[nImcnIÄ þ (1) Xmeq¡v
XlknÂZmÀamÀ, BØm¯nsâ NpaXebpÅ sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀamÀ,
Xmeq¡nse sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀamÀ, k_v Xmeq¡nsâ NpaXebpÅ
sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ, hntÃPv HmôkÀamÀ F¶nhÀ¡mWv hnhn[bnw
t]m¡phchp tIkpIÄ XoÀ¨ sN¿p¶Xnv NpaXebpÅXv.
(2) cPntÌÀUv DSabpsS kzakmsebpÅ ssIamäw, tImSXn Un{In,
dhyq teew F¶n§sbpÅ ssIamä§Ä AtzjW hnNmcWIÄ IqSmsX
XoÀ¸pIÂ¸n¡mhp¶hbmWv. C¯cw tIkpIfnÂ DÄs¸« ssIamä `qanIÄ
k_vUnhnj³ IqSmsXbpÅhsb¦nÂ A¯cw t]m¡phchpIÄ hntÃPv
Hmôkdpw k_vUnhnj³ DÄs¸Sp¶hsb¦nÂ sU]yq«n
XlknÂZmcpambncn¡pw XoÀ¨ sN¿pI.
(3) AćmhImis¯ XpSÀt¶m AyssIhis¯ XpSÀt¶m DÅ
ssIhi§Ä XÀ¡§fnÃm¯hbmIpIbpw k_vUnhnjpIÄ
DÄs¸Sm¯hbmIpIbpw sN¿p¶ ]£w BbXn³taÂ Hcp AtzjW
hnNmcW S¯ns¡mv sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ¡v XoÀ¨ sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
F¶mÂ C¯cw tIkpIfnÂ XÀ¡§fpÅ ]£w BbXnt·Â AtzjW
hnNmcW S¯n XocpamsaSp¡p¶XnpÅ A[nImcw XlknÂZmÀamÀ¡mWv.
C¯cw t]m¡phchv tIkpIÄ XoÀ¨ sN¿p¶ Bhiy§Ä¡mbn XlknÂZmÀ
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F¶XnÂ BØm NpaXebpÅ sU]yq«n XlknÂZmscbpw k_vXmeq¡nsâ
NpaXebpÅ sU]yq«n XlknÂZmscbpw DÄs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXpamWv.
4. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄ þ 1966 se tIcfm t]m¡phchp
N«§fnse 20þmw N«{]Imcw cp Xc¯nepÅ NpaXeIfmWv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdnÂ n£n]vXambn«pÅXv. Ah NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p:
(i) XoÀ¨ sN¿p¶Xnmbn PnÃm IfIvSdpsS ]cnKWbnencn¡p¶
GsXmcp t]m¡phchv tIkpw aXnbmb ImcW§fpÅ ]£w em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v Xsâ Imcymeb¯nte¡v amämhp¶Xpw BbXnt·Â XoÀ¸p
IÂ¸n¡mhp¶XpamWv.
(ii) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p IognepÅ GsX¦nepsamcp A[nImc
tI{µw t]m¡phchpambn _Ôs¸«v ]mkm¡nbn«pÅ GsX¦nepsamcp
D¯cthm Xocpamtam, {]kvXpX Xocpamtam D¯cthm ]mkm¡nb
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw ]¯p hÀj¯npÅnÂ aXnbmb ImcW§fpÅ ]£w
kzta[bmtbm aäp hn[¯ntem ^benÂ kzoIcn¨psImv {]kvXpX
Xocpamtam D¯cthm ]pXp¡pItbm d±p sN¿pItbm t`ZKXn hcp¯pItbm
sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
5. PnÃm IfIvSdpsS ]cnKWbnepÅ t]m¡phchp tIkv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS ]cnKWbvs¡Sp¡p¶Xv kw_Ôn¨ S]Sn{Ia§Äþ
(1) PnÃm IfIvSdpsS ]cnKWbnepÅ GsX¦nepsamcp t]m¡phchv tIkv,
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS ]cntim[bntem atäsX¦nepw Xc¯ntem
Xsâ ]cnKWbnÂ sImphtcXmsW¶Xv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w tcJmaqew nÀt±in¨p sImv PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pw
{]kvXpX t]m¡phchv tIkv Xsâ Imcymeb¯nte¡v amämhp¶XmWv.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ PnÃmIfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw GsäSp¡p¶ t]m¡phchv
tIkpIfpsS hnhc§Ä nÀ±njvS amXrIbnepÅ cPnÌdnÂ tNÀt¡XmWv.
cPnÌdnsâ amXrI Ap_Ôwþ 8 Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p. PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ
n¶pw GsäSp¯ Hcp t]m¡phchv tIkv XÀ¡apÅXmhp¶ ]£w N«
{]ImcapÅ AtzjW hnNmcW S¯p¶Xnpw N«§fpimkn¡pw
{]ImcapÅ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨v XoÀ¸v IÂ¸n¡p¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
6. ]px]cntim[ kw_Ôn¨ S]Sn{Ia§Ä þ (1) em³Uv dhyq
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I½ojWÀ¡p IognepÅ GsX¦nepsamcp A[nImctI{µw t]m¡phchpambn
_Ôs¸«v ]mkm¡nbn«pÅ GsX¦nepw Xocpamtam D¯cthm aXnbmb
ImcW§fps¶p t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w {]kvXpX Xocpam¯nsâ/
D¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw ]¯p hÀj¯nIw kzta[bmtbm aäp
hn[¯ntem ^benÂ kzoIcn¨psImpw nbampkrX S]SnIÄ
kzoIcn¨psImpw {]kvXpX Xocpamw AYhm D¯chv ]pXp¡pItbm d±p
sN¿pItbm t`ZKXn hcp¯pItbm sN¿mhp¶XmWv. kzta[bm F¶XnÂ
D]Imcymeb ]cntim[bpsS ASnØm¯nepÅ S]SnIfpw aäphn[¯nÂ
F¶XnÂ AhImi_ÔapÅ BfpIÄ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ ]px]cntim[m
lÀPnIfpw DÄs¸Sp¶p.
(2) ]px]cntim[bv¡mbn Hcp t]m¡phchv tIkv ^benÂ
kzoIcn¨mepS³ BbXv kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä nÀ±njvS amXrIbnepÅ
cPnÌdnÂ tNÀt¡Xpw AtzjW hnNmcWIÄ¡pÅ
S]SnIfmcw`nt¡XpamWv. cPnÌdnsâ amXrI Ap_Ôwþ9 Bbn
tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
(3) ]px]cntim[, GsX¦nepsamcmfpsS At]£bnt·emsW¦nÂ
]px]cntim[m lÀPn hniZambn ]cntim[n¡p¶Xnpw dnhnjp ImcWamb
D¯chnsâ/ Xocpam¯nsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw ]¯p hÀj¯npÅnemtWm
lÀPn kaÀ¸n¨n«pÅXv, aXnbmb Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«ptm, D¯chnsâ/
Xocpam¯nsâ km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸pIÄ DÅS¡w sNbvXn«ptm,
t]m¡phchnm[mcamb hkvXphnÂ Øm]n¨v knhnÂ tImSXnbnÂ DSamhImi
XÀ¡w nehneptm F¶p XpS§nbh ]cntim[n¨v Dd¸p hcp¯p¶Xnpw
_Ôs¸« AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ _m[yØmWv.
(4) t]m¡phchv tIkv ^bÂ Bhiys¸«phcp¯pI, dnhnj³
lÀPnbnt·epÅ FXnÀhmZ ]{XnIIÄ Bhiys¸SpI, hnNmcW
nÝbn¡pIbpw _Ôs¸« I£nIsf tcnÂ tIÄ¡pIbpw samgn
tcJs¸Sp¯pIbpw sN¿pI, sXfnhpIÄ ASbmfs¸Sp¯pI, dnhnjv
B[mcamb D¯chv/ Xocpamw icnh¨psImtm d±psNbvXpsImtm
]pXp¡ns¡mtm D¯chp ]pds¸Sphn¡pI F¶nhbmWv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄ. dnhnj³ tIkpIÄ XoÀ¸m¡p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨
s]mXphyhØIÄ 4þmw A²ymb¯nÂ {]Xn]mZn¨ncn¡p¶Xv ImWpI.
(5) `qan ssIamdnbn«pÅXv cPntÌÀUv ssIhi¡mcÃmXncn¡pI,
Iq«pXt¸cnsâ kwKXnbnÂ FÃm ]«mZmc·mcpw DÄs¸SmsX `qan ssIamäw
S¯pI, hnkvXoÀ®¯nsetbm, kvsI¨nsetbm FepIIfnsetbm ]nghpIÄ
nan¯w ssIamä `qanbnÂ hyXymkapmhpI, t]m¡phchv S]Snbnse dhyq
¼À, hnkvXoÀ®w F¶nh tcJs¸Sp¯nbXnse ¢dn¡Â ]niIpIÄ, `qan
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`mKw sNbvXXns XpSÀ¶v t]m¡phchv S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mt¸mgpmb
hnkvXoÀ® hyXymkw, t]m¡phchv sNbvX `qanbnÂ kÀ¡mÀ hkvXphIItfm
aäp cPntÌÀUv `qanItfm DÄs¸«phcnI, t]m¡phchv S]SnIfnÂ tm«okpIÄ
{]kn²oIcn¡pIbpw AtzjW hnNmcW S¯pIbpw
sN¿p¶XpÄs¸sSbpÅ nbampkrX S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅmsX hcnI,
S]Sn{Ia§fnÂ hkvXpXm]camb ]niIpIfpmIpI F¶o Bt£]§fnÂ
I£nIsf tI«pw tcJIÄ ]cntim[n¨pw DNnXamb XocpamsaSp¡mhp¶XmWv.
F¶mÂ GsXmcmfpsSbpw GsX¦nepw `qanbnt·epÅ nba]camb
DSamhImiw kw_Ôn¨ Xocpamw t]m¡phchv S]SnIfneqsS
ssIs¡mÅmmhnsÃ¶pw A¯cw XÀ¡§Ä Hcp A[nImcnXbpÅ knhnÂ
tImSXnbpsS am{Xw Xocpam¯np hnt[bamsW¶papÅ N«w 16 se hyhØ
]px]cntim[m lÀPnIfnÂ XocpamsaSp¡p¶Xnepw _m[IamWv.
7. ]px]cntim[m Xocpamwþ t]m¡phchp tIkpIfpambn _Ôs¸«
]px]cntim[m S]SnIfpsS `mKambn hnNmcW S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mtÅXv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ tcn«mbncnt¡Xpw
CXnte¡mbn atäsX¦nepw IogptZymKØÀ¡v NpaXe GÂ¸n¨p ÂIm³
]mSnÃm¯XpamWv. ]px]cntim[sb XpSÀ¶v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
]mkm¡p¶ Xocpamw D¯chnsâ (Order) cq]¯nembncnt¡Xpw BbXv
]pds¸Sphn¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw HcmgvNbv¡Iw _Ôs¸« FÃm I£nIÄ¡pw
Ab¨p ÂtIXpamWv. I£nIÄ¡v AphZn¡p¶ D¯chpIfpsS Ahkm
t]PnÂ D¯chv AphZn¨/ ssIamdnb XobXn tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw BbXv
sk£³ kq{]v km£ys¸Spt¯XpamWv.
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A²ymbwþ 8
`qnIpXn
1. ASnØm `qnIpXn þ 1961 se tIcfm `qnIpXn nba¯nsâ
ASnØm¯nÂ kÀ¡mÀ `qanIfÃm¯ asäÃmbnw `qanIfnÂ n¶pw
CuSmt¡Xmb nIpXnbmIp¶p ASnØm `qnIpXn. kÀ¡mÀ `qanbÃm¯
asäÃmbnw `qanIÄ¡pw ASnØm `qnIpXn nÀ®bn¡p¶Xnte¡mbn
{]kvXpX nba¯nse 3þmw hIp¸nsâ 7þmw D]hIp¸p {]Imcw Xmeq¡v
XlknÂZmÀamsc nÀ®bn¡s¸« A[nImcnIfmbn (Prescribed Authority)
kÀ¡mÀ ntbmKn¨n«pÅXmWv.
2. `qnIpXn nc¡v, nIpXn nÀ®bw F¶nh þ `qnIpXn
nÀ®bnt¡Xv 1961 se tIcfm `qnIpXn nba¯nse 6F hIp¸nse
hyhØIÄ {]ImcamWv. CXnte¡mbn S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡Xv Xmeq¡v
XlknÂZmÀamcmWv. F¶mÂ kÀsÆ sNbvXn«nÃm¯ `qanIfpsS kwKXnbnÂ
XmÂ¡menI nIpXn nÀ®bw St¯Xv 7þmw hIp¸nse
hyhØIfpkcn¨mbncnt¡XmWv. nIpXn nc¡pIÄ kw_Ôn¨
hnhc§Ä 6þmw hIp¸nÂ DÄs¡mÅn¨ncn¡p¶p.
(2) nÀ®bn¡s¸« A[nImcØ³ (Xmeq¡v XlknÂZmÀ) hIp¸v 6(2),
6F(3), 7(3) F¶nhbnteXnse¦nepw hyhØIÄ {]Imcw ASnØm `qnIpXn
nÀ®bn¡m³ D¯chp ]pds¸Sphn¨n«pÅnS¯v {]kvXpX D¯chpaqew
k¦Sap`hn¡p¶ GsXmcmÄ¡pw {]kvXpX `qan ØnXn sN¿p¶ PnÃbnse
IfIvSÀ ap¼msI (`qan H¶ne[nIw PnÃIfnÂ hym]n¨p InS¡p¶nS¯v GXp
PnÃbnemtWm IqSpXÂ hnkvXoÀ®apÅ `qanbpÅXv {]kvXpX PnÃm IfIvSÀ
ap¼msI) A¸oÂ t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
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3. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS A[nImc§Ä þ (1) PnÃm IfIvSÀ
XoÀ¸m¡nbtXm PnÃm IfIvSÀ ap¼msI ]cnKWbnepÅtXm Bb Hcp
`qnIpXn A¸oÂ kw_Ôn¨v kzta[bmtbm GsX¦nepw I£nbpsS
At]£bnt·tem {]kvXpX A¸oÂ tIknt·Â ]px]cntim[ S¯p¶Xnv
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWsd A[nImcs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXmIp¶p.
(2) A¸oÂ A[nImcnbpsS D¯chnsXnsc k¦S¡mcmb I£nbpsS
At]£bn³taÂ ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡ Ahkc§fnÂ
A¯cw At]£ A¸oÂ D¯chnsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30 Znhk§Ä¡Iw
kaÀ¸n¨n«pmIWw. nÝnX Ime]cn[n¡p tijw kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶
]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ ]cnKWmÀlaÃm¯XmWv. F¶mÂ em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v GXhkc¯nepw PnÃm IfIvSÀ XoÀ¸m¡nb A¸oÂ
kw_Ônt¨m PnÃm IfIvSdpsS ]cnKWbnencn¡p¶ A¸oÂ kw_Ônt¨m
kzta[bm ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡mhp¶XpamWv.
(3) ASnØm `qnIpXn nba¯nse 10þmw hIp¸p {]Imcw `qnIpXn
nÀ®bhpambn _Ôs¸« A`n{]mbw e`n¡p¶Xnmbn Hcp tIkv PnÃm
tImSXn¡v Ab¨n«pÅnSt¯m PnÃm tImSXn nÀt±is¯ XpSÀ¶v ASnØm
`qnIpXn nÀ®bn¡pItbm sNbvXn«pÅnS¯v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅm³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
4. ]px]cntim[þ S]Sn{Ia§Ä þ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
kzta[bm ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶nS¯v dn¡mÀUpIÄ
lmPcm¡p¶Xnv PnÃm IfIvStdmSv I¯p aptJ nÀt±int¡Xpw A¸oenÂ
Xocpamw FSp¯n«nÃmsb¦nÂ IqSn _Ôs¸« dn¡mÀUpIÄ PnÃm IfISvÀ
DSSn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v ssIamtdXpamWv. dn¡mÀUpIÄ
]cntim[n¨pw Bhiyamb dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ e`yam¡nbpw 1961 se tIcfm `qnIpXn
nba¯nse hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bambpw XlknÂZmÀ ]pds¸Sphn¨tXm
PnÃm IfIvSÀ A¸oenÂ FSp¯tXm Bb Xocpamw {]ImcapÅ nIpXn
nÀ®bw icnh¨psImtm AsÃ¦nÂ t`ZKXn hcp¯ns¡mtm em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v DNnXamb XocpamsaSp¡mhp¶XmWv.
(2) At]£bn³taÂ ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶nS¯pw
PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pw dn¡mÀUpIÄ hcp¯n ]cntim[n¨v DNnXamb D¯chv
]pds¸Sphn¡m³ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ _m[yØmWv. dnhnj³ At]£
kaÀ¸n¡p¶XnÂ aq¶mw A²ymb¯nse s]mXp hyhØIÄ
_m[Iambncn¡p¶XmWv.
(3) ASnØm `qnIpXntbm XmÂ¡menIambn Npa¯nb nIpXntbm
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hÀ²n¸n¨psImv XocpamsaSp¡p¶nS¯v D¯chv _m[Iambn«pÅbmfnv
tm«okv ÂIns¡mÃmsX A¯c¯nÂ hÀ²hv hcp¯ns¡mpÅ
bmsXmcp¯chpw ]pds¸Sphn¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ 9
`qkwc£Ww
1. kÀ¡mÀ hI `qanIfpw AhbpsS kwc£Whpw þ (1) kÀ¡mcnv
DSamhImiapÅ FÃm¯cw `qanIfpw kwc£n¡pI F¶Xv em³Uv dhyq
hIp¸nse FÃm DtZymKØcpsSbpw {]mYanIamb NpaXebmIp¶p. kÀ¡mÀ
hIbmb `qanIfpsS kwc£Ww, It¿ä§Ä Hgn¸n¡Â F¶o
Bhiy§Ä¡mbn kwØm kÀ¡mÀ 1957 se tIcfm `qkwc£W nbaw,
1958 se tIcfm `qkwc£W N«§Ä F¶nh S¸nem¡nbn«pÅXmWv.
{]kvXpX nba¯nse 3,4 hIp¸pIÄ {]Imcw bYm{Iaw kÀ¡mÀ hI
hkvXp¡Ä, ]pdt¼m¡pIÄ F¶n§s nÀÆNn¡s¸«n«pÅ `qanIfmWv Cu
nba {]Imcw kwc£nt¡ kÀ¡mÀ `qanIÄ.
(2) kÀ¡mÀ `qanIÄ kwc£n¡p¶Xnmbn {]kvXpX nba¯nse
15þmw hIp¸nÂ hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅ {]Imcw IfIvSdpsS A[nImc§Ä
hnntbmKn¡p¶Xnmbn hnhn[ hIp¸pIfnse H«h[n DtZymKØsc kÀ¡mÀ
Kkäv hnÚm]w aptJ ntbmKn¨n«pÅXmWv. FÃm¯cw kÀ¡mÀ hI
hkvXp¡fpw ]pdt¼m¡pIfpw kwc£n¡p¶Xnv Cu nba¯nse 15þmw hIp¸p
{]ImcapÅ IfIvSdpsS A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv dhyq
hIp¸nÂ n¶pw {][mambn NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXv Xmeq¡v
XlknÂZmÀamscbmWv. Chsc IqSmsX hnhn[ `qan]Xnhv kvs]jyÂ
XlknÂZmÀamÀ, AknÌâ v IfIvSÀamÀ F¶nhscbpw Cu nba {]ImcapÅ
IfIvSÀamcpsS A[nImc§Ä (15þmw hIp¸v {]ImcapÅ)
hnntbmKn¡p¶Xnmbn kÀ¡mÀ NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXmWv.
(3) em³Uv dhyq hIp¸nse DtZymKØsc IqSmsX s]mXpacma¯v
hIp¸v tZiob]mX hn`mK¯nse AknÌâ v F³PnobÀamÀ, s]mXp acma¯v
hIp¸v sI«nShpw nc¯pIfpw hn`mK¯nse AknÌâ v FIvknIyq«ohv
F³PnobÀamÀ, s]mXpacma¯v hIp¸v PetkN hn`mK¯nse AknÌâ v
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FIvknIyq«ohv F³PnobÀamÀ, Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]§fnse
sk{I«dnamÀ, hw hIp¸nse t^mdÌv sdbn©v Hm^okÀamÀ F¶nhscbpw
AhchcpsS A[nImcmXnÀ¯n¡pÅnepw AXXv hn`mK§fpsS
DSaØXbnepÅXpamb kÀ¡mÀhI hkvXp¡Ä/ ]pdt¼m¡pIÄ
kwc£n¡p¶XnpÅ IfIvSÀamcmbn (15þmw hIp¸v {]ImcapÅ) kÀ¡mÀ
manÀt±iw sNbvXn«pÅXmWv.
2. 16þmw hIp¸v {]ImcapÅ IfIvSÀamcpw NpaXeIfpw þ (1) A[nIrX
{]thi§Ä Is¯pIbpw XSbpIbpw sN¿pI, It¿ä¡msc Hgn¸n¡pIbpw
A[nIrXamb Nab§tfm tZlÞ§tfm kÀ¡mcnte¡v IpsI«pIbpw
sN¿pI F¶nhbmWv 15þmw hIp¸v {]Imcw A[nImcs¸Sp¯s¸«
DtZymKØcpsS kmamym[nImc§Ä. C¯c¯nÂ A[nImcs¸Sp¯s¸«
GsXmcptZymKØsâbpw Xocpam¯nsXnsc/ S]Sns¡XnscbpÅ A¸oÂ
A[nImcnIsf AYhm ]px]cntim[ S¯mpÅ A[nImcnIsf
ntbmKn¡p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ hyhØIfmWv 16þmw hIp¸nÂ
DÄs¡mÅn¨n«pÅXv.
(2) A¸oepIÄ tIÄ¡p¶Xnv 16þmw hIp¸p {]Imcw dhyq UnhnjWÂ
Hm^okÀ, PnÃm IfIvSÀ, em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ F¶nhÀ¡mWv
A[nImcapÅXv. F¶mÂ ]px]cntim[m[nImcw hnntbmKn¡p¶XnpÅ
NpaXebmIs« PnÃm IfIvSÀ, em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ, kÀ¡mÀ F¶nhcnÂ
am{XamWv n£n]vXambn«pÅXv.
3. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡pÅ A¸oepIÄþ (1) PnÃm IfIvSÀ Hcp
A¸oentem ]px]cntim[m S]Snbntem AÃmsX Cu nba {]Imcw
FSp¯n«pÅ GsX¦nepw Xocpam¯ntm D¯chntm FXncmbpÅ
A¸oepIÄ ]cnKWn¡p¶Xnpw XocpamsaSp¡p¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ/
Xocpam¯nsâ ]IÀ¸v ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnemIWw A¸oepIÄ kaÀ¸nt¡Xv. F¶mÂ nÝnX
Imebfhnptijw kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ At]£IÄs¡m¸w A{]Imcw
ImeXmakapmbXnpÅ aXnbmb ImcWw tcJs¸Sp¯ns¡mpÅ Unte
I¬sUmtWj³ lÀPn IqSn kaÀ¸n¡s¸«n«pÅnS¯v A¯cw
tcJs¸Sp¯s¸« ImcW§Ä em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ hniZambn
]cntim[nt¡Xpw BbXv t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w sshIn e`n¨ A¸oepIfpw
^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnv S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡XpamWv.
(2) tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ/ Xocpam¯nsâ S¸nem¡Â
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Vol.I

A¸oÂ Xocpamw hsc achn¸n¡p¶Xnv Bhiys¸«psImv Hcp tÌ lÀPn
IqSn kaÀ¸n¡s¸«n«ps¦nÂ BbXv hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v {]kvXpX tÌ
lÀPnbnÂ Bhiys¸«n«pÅ {]Imcw D¯chv XmÂ¡menIambn ndp¯n
h¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v Hcp CS¡me D¯chv
]pds¸Sphn¡mhp¶XmWv.
(3) A¸oepIÄ e`yambmepS³ cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀ BbXv hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw aXnbmb Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«pv,
tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ/Xocpam¯nsâ AkÂ AYhm
km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v DÅS¡w sNbvXn«pv F¶n§sbpÅh
Dd¸phcpt¯Xpw A¸oÂ cPnÌdnÂ hniZmwi§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯ns¡mv
yqXIfnsÃ¶v t_m[ys¸Sp¶h ^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnte¡mbn em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
(4) A¸oÂ ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ PnÃmIfIvSdnÂ n¶pw FXnÀhmZ
]{XnI e`yamt¡Xpw dn¡mÀUpIÄ BhiyapÅ ]£w hnfn¨p
hcpt¯XpamIp¶p. XpSÀ¶v hnNmcW XobXn nÝbnt¡Xpw _Ôs¸«
I£nIÄ¡v hnNmcW tm«okv Abbvt¡XpamWv. hnNmcWØew, XobXn,
kabw F¶nh tcJs¸Sp¯nb tm«okv hnNmcW XobXn¡v IpdªXv 3
Znhkw ap¼msb¦nepw I£n¡v e`n¨p F¶v Dd¸phcpt¯XmWv.
A¸oÂhmZn¡v AYhm A§sbpÅbmÄ nbampkrXw
NpaXes¸Sp¯nbbmÄ¡v ]dbmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb Hchkcw
ÂIns¡mÃmsX A¸oÂ XoÀ¸m¡m³ ]mSpÅXÃ. PnÃm IfIvSdpsS
FXnÀhmZ ]{XnI, A¸oÂ lÀPnbnsebpw hnNmcW thfbnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯nb
samgnbnsebpw hmZ§Ä, dn¡mÀUpIÄ F¶nh ]cntim[n¨pw IW¡nseSp¯pw
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡XmWv.
4. ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ þ (1) dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hm^okÀ
A¸oent·eÃmsX Cu nba{]Imcw ]mkm¡nbn«pÅ Hcp¯cthm Xocpamtam
PnÃm IfIvSÀ Hcp A¸oÂ aptJ XoÀ¸m¡nbn«pÅ ]£w A§sbpÅ
A¸oÂ D¯chv AYhm Xocpamw ssI¸än 30 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnembn
_Ôs¸« I£n¡v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI Hcp ]px ]cntim[m
lÀPn t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. IqSmsX PnÃm IfIvSdpsS A¸oÂ
Xocpam¯nsâ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp hÀj¯npÅnembn em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kzta[bm S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨psImpw PnÃm IfIvSdpsS
A¸oÂ Xocpamw ]px]cntim[n¡mhp¶XmWv. ]px]cntim[bv¡mbn
HcmÄ At]£ t_m[n¸n¨n«pÅXv nÝnX Ime]cn[n¡p tijamIp¶nS¯v
A§s sshIn kaÀ¸n¡mnSbmbXnpÅ ImcW§Ä tcJmaqew
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Vol.I

t_m[n¸n¡s¸«ncn¡pIbpw A¯cw ImcW§Ä em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
t_m[yamIpIbpw sN¿p¶nS¯v C{]Imcw sshIn ^bÂ sNbvX
]px]cntim[m lÀPnIfpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v ^benÂ
kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv. F¶mÂ PnÃm IfIvSdpsS A¸oÂ Xocpam¯nsâ
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw Hcp hÀjw Ignª tijw bmsXmcp ImcWhimepw
kzta[bmbpÅ ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ kzo{In¡m³ ]mSpÅXÃ.
(2) ]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ e`n¨mepS³ Ah hniZambn
]cntim[nt¡ NpaXe _Ôs¸« AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ¡mbncn¡p¶XmWv.
ImelcW Imemh[n¡pÅnemtWm At]£ kaÀ¸n¨n«pÅXv, lÀPnbpsS
aXnbmb ]IÀ¸pIÄ e`yam¡nbn«ptm, nÝnX Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«ptm (10
cq]bpsS tImÀ«v ^o Ìm¼v), tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ AkÂ AYhm
km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v lmPcm¡nbn«ptm, PnÃm IfIvSdpsS A¸oÂ
Xocpams¯bmtWm tNmZyw sNbvXn«pÅXv F¶n§sbpÅ hnhc§Ä
]cntim[n¨v yqXIÄ CsÃ¶v Dd¸p hcp¯ns¡mv nÝnX amXrIbnepÅ
cPnÌdnÂ hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw At]£ ^benÂ
kzoIcn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
(3) At]£ ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ BbXnsâ Hcp ]IÀ¸v PnÃm
IfIvSÀ¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡Xpw 15 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnembn FXnÀhmZ
]{XnI, dn¡mÀUpIÄ F¶nh lmPcmt¡XmsW¶p nÀt±int¡XpamWv.
XpSÀ¶v hnNmcW¯obXn nÝbn¨v _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v tm«okv
Abbvt¡XmWv. hnNmcW XobXnbnÂ n¶pw IpdªXv 3 Znhk§Ä¡p
ap¼mbn hnNmcW tm«okv _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v e`n¨psh¶pd¸mt¡
NpaXebpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡pmbncn¡p¶XmWv. lÀPn kaÀ¸n¨
hyàn¡v AYhm A§sbpÅbmÄ nbampkrXw NpaXes¸Sp¯nbbmfnv
]dbmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³ aXnbmb Hchkcw ÂImsX ]px]cntim[m lÀPn
XoÀ¸m¡m³ ]mSpÅXÃ.
(4) ]px]cntim[m lÀPnbnsebpw FXnÀhmZ]{XnIbnsebpw
hnNmcW thfbnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯nb samgnIfnsebpw hmZ§Ä ]cnKWn¨pw
dn¡mÀUpIÄ ]cntim[n¨pw 1957 se tIcfm `qkwc£W nba¯nsebpw
1958 se N«§fnsebpw hyhØIÄ¡pkrXambn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
]px]cntim[m lÀPn nckn¨psImtm AphZn¨psImtm DNnXamb
XocpamsaSpt¡XmWv.
(5) kzta[bm S]SnIÄ F¶XnÂ tcnt«m atäsX¦nepw amÀK§Ä
hgntbm Adnhv e`n¡p¶Xns XpSÀt¶m ]cntim[m hn`mK¯nsâ
dnt¸mÀ«ns XpSÀt¶m kzoIcn¡p¶ S]SnIÄ DÄs¸Sp¶XmIp¶p.
C¯c¯nÂ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶ ]£w PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pw
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Vol.I

dn¡mÀUpIÄ hnfn¨p hcpt¯Xpw XpSÀ¶v hnNmcW S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mtÅXpamWv.
5. A¸oensebpw ]px]cntim[m lÀPnbnsebpw Xocpam§Äþ
^bÂ sN¿s¸« Hcp A¸oent·tem ]px]cntim[m lÀPnbntem em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ FSp¡p¶ GsXmcp Xocpamhpw Hcp D¯chv
cq]¯nembncnt¡Xpw D¯chv ]mkm¡nbmepS³ Xs¶ BbXnsâ
]IÀ¸pIÄ _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v Ab¨psImSpt¡XpamWv. A¸oentem
]px]cntim[m lÀPnbntem XocpamsaSp¡pt¼mÄ tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶
D¯chv d±p sNbvXpsImtm icnh¨psImtm BbXnÂ Bhiyamb
t`ZKXnIÄ hcp¯ns¡mtm em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v DNnXamb
XocqamsaSp¡mhp¶XmWv.
****
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Vol.I

A²ymbwþ 10
`qhnntbmKw
1. `qhnntbmK D¯chvþ tI{µnbaamb 1955 se Ahiy hkvXp
nba¯nsâ 3-þmw hIp¸p {]ImcapÅ A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¨psImv
kwØms¯ `£y£maw ]cnlcn¡pI, `t£ymÂ¸mZw hÀ²n¸n¡pI F¶o
e£y§Ä ap³nÀ¯n 04.07.1967 XobXn {]m_ey¯nÂ kwØm kÀ¡mÀ
]pds¸Sphn¨ N«§fmWv tIcf `qhnntbmK D¯chv. `£yhnfIÄ
IrjnsN¿p¶Xnv D]bpàamb `qanIfnÂ nÀ±njvShnfIÄ Irjn sN¿phm³
`qhpSaIsf nÀ_ÔnXcm¡pI, Xcniv `qanIfnse IrjnbhImiw teew sNbvXp
hnÂ¡pI, Irjn `qanIÄ XcninSmsXbncn¡p¶psh¶v Dd¸p hcp¯pI, ApaXn
IqSmsX Irjn `qanIÄ ]cnhÀ¯w sN¿p¶Xv XSbpI F¶nhbmWv Cu
D¯chnsâ {][m Dt±iy§Ä.
2. IfIvSdpw A[nImc§fpw þ (1) `qhnntbmK D¯chv {]ImcapÅ NpaXeIÄ
ndthäp¶Xnmbn IfIvSdpsS A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¡p¶Xnv dhyq
UnhnjWÂ Hm^okÀamscbmWv NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXv. IqSmsX PnÃm
IfIvSÀamÀ¡pw Cu D¯chv {]ImcapÅ IfIvSdpsS A[nImc§Ä
hnntbmKn¡mhp¶XmIp¶p.
(2) Cu D¯chp {]ImcapÅ IfIvSdpsS A[nImc§Ä NphsS
tNÀ¡p¶hbmWv.
(i) Irjn `qanbpsS ssIhi¡mtcmSv nÀ±njvS `£yhnfIÄ Irjn
sN¿p¶Xnv Bhiys¸SpI.
(ii) Xcnin«ncn¡p¶ Irjn`qanbnse IrjnbhImiw hnÂ¸
S¯p¶XnpÅ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pI.
(iii) ApaXn IqSmsXbpÅ Irjn`qanbpsS ]cnhÀ¯w
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Vol.I

XSbp¶XnpÅ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pI.
(iv) Hcp Irjn`qanbnÂ GXp `£yhnfbmtWm Irjn sNbvXp
hcp¶Xv B `£yhnf Xs¶ XpSÀ¶pw Irjn sN¿p¶Xnv `qhpSatbmSv
nÀt±in¡pI.
(v) tee hnÂ¸ km[yaÃm¯nS¯v IrjnbhImiw
kÀ¡mcnte¡v GsäSp¡pI.
(vi) nÀ±njvS Imemh[n¡ptijhpw `qan ssIhiw
h¨ncn¡p¶nS¯v IrjnbhImiw teew sImbmsf {]kvXpX `qanbnÂ n¶v
Hgn¸n¡pI.
3. `£yhnfIÄ þ `qhnntbmK D¯chv _m[Iambn«pÅ Irjn `qanIÄ F¶Xv
NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ `£yhnfIÄ IrjnsNbvXphcp¶ `qanIfmIp¶p.
(i) sÃv (viii) tN (Yam)
(ii) aÕyw (ix) tXbne
(iii) Icn¼v (x) Im¸n
(iv) ac¨on (I¸) (xi) Gew
(v) IpcpapfIv (xii) ]¨¡dnIÄ
(vi) ne¡Se (xiii) t{´hmg
(vii) sImt¡m
4. ]cnhÀ¯¯npÅ nb{´Ww þ tIcfm `qhnntbmK D¯chnsâ
{]m_ey¯obXnbmb 4.7.1967 XobXn¡p sXm«pap³]pÅ 3
hÀj¡mebfhntem AXnp tijapÅ GsX¦nepw XpSÀ¨bmb 3 hÀj
Imebfhntem nÀ±njvS `£yhnfIfnÂ GsX¦nepw Irjn sNbvXp h¶ncp¶
`qanbnÂ atäsX¦nepw `£yhnfIÄ Irjn sN¿pItbm atäsX¦nepw
Bhiy¯nmbn D]tbmKn¡pItbm sN¿p¶XmWv ]cnhÀ¯w
F¶XpsImv Dt±in¡p¶Xv. C¯c¯nÂ Irjn `qanIÄ ]cnhÀ¯s¸Sp¯p
¶Xnv dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hm^okdpsS ap³Iq«nbpÅ ApaXn
tSnbncnt¡Xpv.
5. Irjn `qanIÄ þ Irjn `qan F¶XnÂ sÂhbepIÄ am{XaÃ DÄs¸Sp¶Xv.
Cu D¯chv {]ImcapÅ nÀ±njvS `£yhnfIÄ Irjn sNbvXphcp¶ FÃm¯cw
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Vol.I

`qanIÄ¡pw Cu D¯chnse hyhØIÄ _m[IamWv.
(2) F¶mÂ 2008 se tIcfm sÂhbÂ X®oÀ¯S nbaw
{]m_ey¯nÂ h¶tijw kwØms¯ sÂhbepIsf kw_Ôn¨v, Ah
hnÚm]w sN¿s¸«hbmsW¦nepw (12.8.2008 apXÂ {]m_eyw)
AÃmsXbpÅhbmsW¦nepw (6.7.2018 apXÂ {]m_eyw) {]kvXpX
nba¯nse hyhØIfmWv _m[Iambn«pÅXv.
6. IfIvSdpsS Xocpam¯nsXnscbpÅ A¸oepIÄ þ taÂ JÞnI 86
sâ cmw D]JÞnIbnÂ ]cmaÀkn¨n«pÅ kwKXnIfnÂ IfIvSdpsS
A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¨psImv dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hmôktdm PnÃm
IfIvStdm ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ GsXmcp Xocpamw/ D¯chp kw_Ôn¨pw
Bt£]apÅbmfnv {]kvXpX D¯chv ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnembn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI Hcp A¸oÂ ^bÂ
sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
7. A¸oÂ lÀPn þ (1) dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hmôktdm PnÃm IfIvStdm
]pds¸Sphn¨n«pÅ D¯chnsâ ssI¸äp XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 30
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnemWv A¸oÂ ^bÂ sNt¿Xv. nÝnX Ime]cn[n¡p
tijw e`n¡p¶ A¸oÂ lÀPnIÄ ]cnKWmÀl§fÃm¯Xpw Ah
ncknt¡XpamWv. A¸oÂ lÀPnbpsS aXnbmb ]IÀ¸pIÄ
kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw BbXnÂ 10 cq]bpsS tImÀ«v ô Ìm¼v ]Xn¨ncnt¡Xpw
tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ Aktem km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀt¸m
DÅS¡w sNbvXncnt¡XpamWv.
(2) A¸oÂ lÀPn e`n¨mepS³ cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀ BbXv hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw yXIfnsÃ¶v Dd¸p
hcpt¯Xpw ^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
8. A¸oÂ lÀPnbnt·epÅ XpSÀ S]SnIÄ þ (1) A¸oÂ lÀPn ^benÂ
kzoIcn¨mepS³ A¸oÂ lÀPnbpsS ]IÀ¸pIÄ FXnÀ I£nIÄ¡v
Abbvt¡Xpw FXnÀhmZ ]{XnI, _Ôs¸« tcJIÄ F¶nh 15
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ lmPcmt¡XmsW¶v nÀt±int¡XpamWv. XpSÀ¶v
hnNmcW XobXn nÝbnt¡Xpw hnNmcW Øew, XobXn, kabw F¶nh
]cmaÀin¨pÅ tm«okv _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v hnNmcW XobXn¡v IpdªXv
3 Znhkw ap¼mbn e`n¡¯¡ hn[¯nÂ Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
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(2) A¸oÂ hmZn¡v ]dbmpÅXv tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb Hchkcw
ÂIns¡mÃmsX A¸oÂ lÀPnIÄ XoÀ¸m¡m³ ]mSpÅXÃ. A¸oÂ
lÀPnbnsebpw FXnÀhmZ ]{XnIbnsebpw hmZ§Ä ]cntim[n¨pw hnNmcW
thfbnÂ tcJs¸Sp¯nb samgnIÄ hnebncp¯nbpw `qhnntbmK D¯chnse
hyhØIÄ¡pkrXambn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb
XocpamsaSpt¡XmWv. A¸oÂ AphZn¨psImtm nckn¨psImtm
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ GsXmcp Xocpamhpw Hcp
D¯chnsâ cq]¯nembncnt¡Xpw BbXv DS³Xs¶ _Ôs¸«
I£nIÄ¡v tcnt«m cPntÌÀUv X]mÂaptJtbm ssIamtdXpamWv.
A¸oepIÄ ]cnKWn¡pIbpw XoÀ¸m¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ 4þmw
A²ymb¯nse s]mXp hyhØIÄ `qhnntbmK D¯chp {]Imcw ^bÂ
sN¿s¸Sp¶ A¸oepIÄ XoÀ¸m¡p¶Xnepw _m[Iambncn¡p¶XmWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ 11
`qan hns«mgnbepw Ayw nÂ¸pw
(F) `qanhns«mgnbÂ
1. `qanhns«mgnbÂ þ dhyq tcJIÄ {]ImcapÅ `qanbpsS GsXmcp
cPntÌÀUv ssIhi¡mcpw Xsâ DSaØXbnepÅ `qanIÄ ]qÀ®amtbm
`mKnIamtbm kÀ¡mÀ Bhiy§Ä¡mbn {]Xnêw IqSmsXbpw
ncp]m[nIambpw hns«mgnbmhp¶XmWv. Xsâ ssIhi¯nepÅXpw
_m²yXIfnÃm¯Xpamb `qan kÀ¡mcnte¡v ncp]m[nIw
hns«mgnbp¶Xnmbn `qhpSa dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ ap¼msIbmWv
At]£ kaÀ¸nt¡Xv.
2. AtzjW dnt¸mÀ«v þ At]£ kw_Ôn¨ dnt¸mÀ«nmbn BbXnsâ
]IÀ¸v dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ XlknÂZmÀ¡pw XlknÂZmÀ
hntÃtPmôkÀ¡pw ssIamdp¶p. hntÃtPmôkdpsS dnt¸mÀ«nsâ
ASnØm¯nÂ XlknÂZmÀ dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶
dnt¸mÀ«nÂ At]£bnÂ hywKytam {]IStam Bbn Fs´¦nepw n_ÔIÄ
DÄs¡mÅn¨n«ptm, Jw aqetam aäp {]hÀ¯§fmtem `qan
D]tbmKiqyambn«ptm, At]£Iv `qanbnÂ ]cn]qÀ®amb
AhImiaptm, `qanbnte¡v {]thin¡phm³ kÀ¡mÀhI `qanbneqsSbÃmsX
KXmKXtbmKyamb hgnbptm, `qanbnÂ GsX¦nepw Xc¯nepÅ
_m²yXItfm IpSnÈnIItfm tImSXn P]vXntbm nehneptm XpS§nb
hnhc§Ä nÀ_Ôambpw DÄs¡mÅn¨ncnt¡Xpw dnt¸mÀ«nsm¸w `qanbpsS
Hcp sajÀsaâ v kvsI¨v, hns«mgnbp¶ `qanbnÂ tZlÞ§fpÅ ]£w
BbXnsâ hnhc§fpw `qanbpsS FepIIfpw tNÀ¯pÅ alkÀ, t^mdw þ
_n bnepÅ `qhpSabpsS Un¢tdj³, Xt¸À IW¡v, ASnØm `qnIpXn
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cPnÌÀ, skänÂsaâ v cPnÌÀ F¶nhbpsS km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸pIÄ
F¶nh DÄs¡mÅn¨ncnt¡XpamWv.
3. dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hmôknse S]SnIÄþ (1) XlknÂZmcpsS
dnt¸mÀ«nsâbpw _Ôs¸« tcJIfptSbpw ASnØm¯nÂ A]mIXIÄ
CsÃ¶p t_m²yamIp¶ ]£w {]kvXpX `qan hns«mgnbp¶XnÂ
Bt£]apÅhÀ¡v BbXv t_m[n¸n¡p¶Xnmbn XobXnbpw kabhpw
nÝbn¨psImv t^mdwþ knbnÂ tm«okv X¿mdm¡n dhyq UnhnjWÂ
Hmôkv, Xmeqt¡môkv, hntÃtPmôkv F¶nhnS§fnÂ {]kn²oIcn¡pIbpw
_Ôs¸« `qanbnÂ ]Xn¨p S¯pIbpw sN¿p¶p.
(2) XpSÀ¶v Bt£]§sfm¶pw e`n¡m¯]£w AsÃ¦nÂ
Bt£]§fnÂ XlknÂZmÀ apJmńcw AtzjWw S¯n Ig¼nsÃ¶v
t_m²ys¸Sp¶ ]£w `qan hns«mgnbÂ AwKoIcn¨psImv dhyq UnhnjWÂ
HmôkÀ D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¡pIbpw {]kvXpX `qan ssIhi¯nseSp¯v
]pdt¼m¡nte¡v tNÀ¡phm³ XlknÂZmtcmSv nÀt±in¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.
(3) At]£ D]m[n_ÔnXamsW¦ntem `qan D]tbmKiqyamsW¶v
t_m²yamIp¶ ]£tam AsÃ¦nÂ At]£Iv `qanbnepÅ AhImi¯nÂ
Fs´¦nepw yqXIfps¶v ImWp¶ ]£tam At]£bnÂ asäs´¦nepw
yqXIfpÅ ]£tam `qan hns«mgnbp¶XnpÅ At]£ nckn¨psImv
dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ¡v D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¡mhp¶XmWv.
4. A¸oÂ þ `qan hns«mgnbp¶XnpÅ At]£ AwKoIcn¨psImtm
nckn¨psImtm dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶
D¯chnsXnsc _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v {]kvXpX `qan ØnXn sN¿p¶
PnÃbnse IfIvSÀ ap¼msI A¸oÂ kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
5. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS A[nImc§Äþ (1) em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kzta[bmtbm AsÃ¦nÂ _Ôs¸« I£n/ I£nIfpsS
At]£bnt·tem A¸oenÂ PnÃm IfIvSÀ kzoIcn¨ S]SnIÄ kw_Ôn¨
dn¡mÀUpIÄ hnfn¨phcp¯n ]cntim[n¡mhp¶Xpw BbXnsâ
ASnØm¯nÂ DNnXamb XocpamsaSp¡mhp¶XpamWv. F¶mÂ PnÃm
IfIvSdpsS D¯chv XobXn¡v Hcp hÀj¯nptijw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
kzta[bm dn¡mÀUpIÄ hnfn¨phcp¯n ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅphm³ ]mSpÅXÃ.
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(2) ]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ kaÀ¸n¡p¶
]£w BbXv tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chv / tm«okv ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ
n¶pw 30 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ kaÀ¸n¨n«ps¶v Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv.
F¶mÂ nÀ±njvS ImebfhnpÅnÂ ]px]cntim[m lÀPn
t_m[n¸n¡mXncp¶Xnv aXnbmb ImcW§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯ns¡mv Unte
I¬sUmtWj³ lÀPn IqSn ^bÂ sN¿s¸«n«pÅnS¯v {]kvXpX ImcW§Ä
hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw Ah ymbbpàsa¶v t_m[ys¸Sp¶ ]£w
C{]Imcw sshIn ^bÂ sNbvX ]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ ^benÂ
(3) dnhnj³ lÀPn kw_Ôn¨ s]mXp S]Sn{Ia§Ä Cu amzensâ
4þmw A²ymb¯nÂ {]Xn]mZn¨n«pÅXv `qanhns«mgnbÂ kw_Ôn¨pÅ
]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ XoÀ¸m¡p¶Xnepw _m[Iambncn¡p¶XmWv.
(_n) AywnÂ¸v (Escheat)
6. Aywn¶ hkvXp¡Ä kÀ¡mcnÂ n£n]vXamIpsa¶v þ
acWimkw FgpXn hbv¡msXbpw nbampkrX AhIminIfnÃmsXbpw
acWaSbp¶ hyànIfpsS FÃmhn[ Ømhc PwKa hkvXp¡fpw Ayw n¶
hkvXp¡fmIp¶Xpw Ah kÀ¡mÀ hIbmbn Xocp¶XpamIp¶p. 1964 se Kerala
Escheats and Forfeitures nba¯nse cmw A²ymb¯nemWv C¯cw
hkvXphIIÄ kw_Ôn¨ hyhØIfpÅXv.
7. AtzjWhpw XoÀ¸pIÂ¸n¡epwþ GsX¦nepw Ømhctam PwKatam
Bb hkvXp¡Ä Ayw n¶ hkvXp¡fmbn XoÀ¶n«pÅXmbn Adnhp
e`n¡p¶nS¯v {]kvXpX hkvXp¡Ä ØnXn sN¿p¶ {]tZi¯v
A[nImcnXbpÅ PnÃm IfIvSdmWv {]kvXpX hkvXp¡sf kw_Ôn¨v
AtzjWw S¯p¶Xnpw AhbnÂ XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡p¶Xnpw
NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶Xv.
8. A¸oÂ A[nImcnþ (1) Ayw n¶ hkvXp¡sf kw_Ôn¨v PnÃm
IfIvSdpsS XoÀ¸nsXnsc _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
ap¼msI A¸oÂ ^bÂ sN¿mhp¶XmWv. Ayw n¶ hkvXp¡sf kw_Ôn¨v
aXnbmb AtzjWw S¯ns¡mpw t_m[n¸n¡s¸« Bt£]§fnt·Â
bpàamb AtzjW hnNmcW S¯ns¡mpw PnÃm IfIvSÀ {]kvXpX
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nba¯nse 6þmw hIp¸p {]Imcw XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡p¶nS¯v BbXv
kw_Ôambn _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v cPnÌÀ sNbvX X]mÂ aptJ Hcp
Adnbn¸v ÂtIXpv.
(2) PnÃm IfIvSdpsS XoÀ¸p kw_Ôn¨v Bt£]apÅbmfnv PnÃm
IfIvSdnÂ n¶pÅ XoÀ¸p kw_Ôn¨ tm«okv ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw
3 amk¯nIw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI A¸oÂ ^bÂ
t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
9. A¸oÂ lÀPnbpw AXnt·epÅ S]Sn{Ia§fpw þ (1) nÝnX
Ime]cn[n¡ptijw e`n¡p¶ A¸oepIÄ ]cnKWmÀl§fÃm¯XmWv.
A¸oÂ lÀPns¡m¸w PnÃm IfIvSÀ ]pds¸Sphn¨ tm«oknsâ
km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v DÅS¡w sNbvXn«ps¶v Dd¸phcp¯ns¡mpw
Cu amzense 4þmw A²ymb¯nÂ hnhcn¨n«pÅ A¸oepIÄ kw_Ôamb
s]mXp hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bambpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v A¸oepIÄ
^benÂ kzoIcn¡mhp¶Xpw PnÃm IfIvStdmSv FXnÀhmZ ]{XnIbpw
dn¡mÀUpIfpw 15 Znhk§Ä¡Iw lmPcm¡p¶Xnv nÀt±in¡mhp¶XpamWv.
(2) {]XnhmZ ]{XnI, dn¡mÀUpIÄ F¶nh e`yambmepS³ hnNmcW
XobXn nÝbnt¡Xpw _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v hnNmcW XobXn¡v
IpdªXv 3 Znhk§Ä¡p ap¼mbn e`yamI¯¡ hn[¯nÂ hnNmcW Øew,
XobXn, kabw F¶nh ]cmaÀin¨pÅ tm«okv Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
Ayw n¶ hkvXp¡fnt·Â I£nt¡m AYhm I£nIÄt¡m ]dbmpÅXp
tIÄ¡m³ ymbamb Ahkcw ÂImsX A¸oÂ lÀPn XoÀ¸m¡m³
]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
(3) PnÃm IfIvSdpsS Xocpamw icnh¨psImtm d±p sNbvXpsImtm
t`ZKXn hcp¯ns¡mtm em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ bpàamb
XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw BbXv D¯chv cq]¯nembncnt¡XpamWv. em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ ]mkm¡p¶ D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸v DS³ Xs¶ _Ôs¸«
I£nIÄ¡v cPnÌÀ sNbvX X]mÂ aptJ Ab¨p sImSpt¡XmIp¶p.
(4) A¸oÂ lÀPnIÄ kw_Ôn¨ s]mXphmb S]Sn{Ia§Ä Cu
amzensâ 4þmw A²ymb¯nÂ {]Xn]mZn¨n«pÅXv Ayw n¶ hkvXp¡sf
kw_Ôn¨ A¸oepIÄ ]cnKWn¡p¶Xnepw XoÀ¸m¡p¶Xnepw
10. tImSXn hyhlmc¯npÅ ApaXn þ (1) GsX¦nepw Aywn¶
hkvXp¡Ä kw_Ôn¨v PnÃm IfIvSÀ XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¨n«pÅnS¯v A¯cw
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hkvXp¡Ä ssIhis¸Sp¯p¶Xnv FXnÀ¸pmbncn¡pIbpw
GsäSp¡p¶XnpmXp¶ ImeXmakw nan¯w hkvXphIIÄ¡v
tISp]mSpmIpsa¶v PnÃm IfIvSÀ¡v t_m[yapmIpIbpw sN¿p¶ ]£w
A¯cw hkvXphIIfnÂ AhImiw Øm]n¨p In«p¶Xnpw hkvXphIIÄ
ssIhis¸Sp¯p¶Xnpambn PnÃm IfIvSÀ¡v A[nImcnXbpÅ tImSXnbnÂ
Hcp Aymbw t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ hyhlmcw t_m[n¸nt¡XpÅ ]£w BbXnv
kÀ¡mÀ ApaXn BhiyamWv. CXnte¡mbn Aywn¶ hkvXp¡sf
kw_Ôn¨ XoÀ¸nsâ hnhc§Ä, ssIhis¸Sp¯p¶Xnse FXnÀ
¸nnSbm¡p¶ hnhc§Ä, hkvXphIIÄ¡v tISp]mSpmImnSbps¦nÂ
A¯cw hnhc§Ä F¶nh DÄs¡mÅn¨v PnÃm IfIvSÀ hniZamb dnt¸mÀ«v
X¿mdm¡n em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
(3) taÂ D]JÞnI (2) Â ]cmamÀin¨n«pÅ {]Imcw Hcp dnt¸mÀ«v
e`n¨mepS³ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ BbXv hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v 3
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ kÀ¡mÀ ApaXn¡mbn Abbvt¡XmWv.
(kn) Dt]£n¡s¸« hkvXp¡Ä (Abandoned Properties)
11. Dt]£n¡s¸« hkvXp¡fn³taepÅ XoÀ¸v þ (1) AhImiapÅ
DSabmÂ Dt]£n¡s¸« GsXmcp Ømhc hkvXphpw Dt]£n¡s¸«
hkvXphmIp¶Xpw Ah kÀ¡mcntâXmbn Xocp¶XpamWv. 1964 se Kerala
Escheats and Forfeitures Actþ se “cvþF” F¶ A²ymb¯nemWv C¯cw
hkvXp¡fpsS XoÀ¸p kw_Ôamb hyhØIfpÅXv.
(2) GsX¦nepw Ømhc hkvXp¡sf kw_Ôn¨v Ah
Dt]£n¡s¸«Xmbn Adnhp e`n¡p¶nS¯v Bhiyamb AtzjWw S¯n
XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡p¶Xnv {]kvXpX `qan ØnXn sN¿p¶ {]tZi¯v
A[nImcnXbpÅ PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ¡mWv NpaXebpÅXv.
12. PnÃm IfIvSdpsS XoÀ¸nsXncmb A¸oÂ þ (1) Dt]£n¡s¸« `qan
kw_Ôn¨v Bhiyamb AtzjWw S¯nbpw AhImihmZ§Ä
t_m[n¸n¡s¸«n«ps¦nÂ Bhiyamb AtzjW hnNmcW S¯n A¯cw
AhImihmZ§Ä XoÀ¸m¡ns¡mpw `qan kÀ¡mcnte¡v n£n]vXam¡n
s¡mv PnÃm IfIvSÀ XocpamsaSp¡p¶ ]£w _Ôs¸« I£nIsf XoÀ¸nsâ
hnhcw Adnbn¡p¶Xnv PnÃm IfIvSÀ _m[yØmWv.
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(2) C¯c¯nÂ PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pw Adnbn¸p e`n¨Xnt·Â
Bt£]apÅbmfnv {]kvXpX Adnbn¸v e`n¨ XobXn apXÂ 3 amk§Ä¡Iw
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI Hcp A¸oÂ t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. 10
cq] tImÀ«v ^o Ìm¼v ]Xn¨v lmPcm¡p¶ A¸oÂ lÀPns¡m¸w PnÃm
IfIvSdpsS tm«oknsâ km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v DÅS¡w sNbvXn«ps¶v
cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ Dd¸phcpt¯XmWv.
nÝnX kab]cn[nbmb 3 amk§Ä¡ptijw e`n¡p¶ A¸oepIÄ
]cnKWmÀlaÃm¯XmWv.
13. A¸oÂ Xocpamw þ (1) PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶pw FXnÀhmZ ]{XnI
e`yam¡nbpw A¸oÂ hmZnsb tcnÂ tI«pw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw Xocpamw kw_Ôn¨v ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶
D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸v ImeXmakw IqSmsX _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v cPnÌÀ sNbvX
X]mÂ aptJ Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
(2) A¸oÂ kzoIcn¡pI, ]cnKWn¡pI, XoÀ¸m¡pI F¶nh kw_Ôn¨v
Cu amzense 4þmw A²ymb¯nse hyhØIÄ Dt]£n¡s¸« hkvXp¡sf
kw_Ôn¨ A¸oepIÄ¡pw _m[Iambncn¡p¶XmWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ 12
dhyq dn¡hdn
1. dhyq dn¡hdn þ `qnIpXn IpSnÈnI, kÀ¡mcnp e`nt¡ hnhn[
IpSnÈnI XpIIÄ, kÀ¡mÀ AXmXv Ime§fnÂ Kkäv hnÚm]w aptJ
nÀ®bn¡p¶ Øm]§Ä¡p Int«Xmb IpSnÈnIIÄ F¶nh `qanbnÂ
n¶v CuSmt¡ s]mXpnIpXn IpSnÈnI F¶ nebnÂ CuSm¡p¶Xnmbn
15.12.1968 XobXn {]m_ey¯nÂ kwØm¯v S¸nem¡nbn«pÅ nbaamWv
tIcfm dhyq dn¡hdn nbaw, 1968. hogvN¡mcsâtbm Pmay¡mcsâtbm
ØmhcPwKa kz¯p¡Ä P]vXn sNbvXv tee¯nÂ hnäpsImtm
ØmhchkvXp¡Ä A[oXbnseSp¯v tm¡n S¯n
taemZmbsaSp¯psImtm hogvN¡mcs AdÌp sNbvXv Xpdp¦neS¨psImtm
s]mXpnIpXn IpSnÈnIIÄ CuSm¡p¶Xnv Cu nba¯nÂ
hyhØIfpÅXmWv.
2. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄþ (1) Cu nba{]Imcw mep
hyXykvX§fmb NpaXeIfmWv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
nÀÆln¡mpÅXv. GsX¦nepsamcp Øm]¯np e`n¡mpÅ IpSnÈnI
dhyq dn¡hdn nba {]Imcw hkqem¡p¶Xnte¡mbn Cu nba¯nse
hyhØIÄ {]kvXpX Øm]¯np _m[IamsW¶p Kkäv hnÚm]w
aptJ {]Jym]n¡p¶Xnv kwØm kÀ¡mcnmWv A[nImcapÅXv. F¶mÂ
CXnte¡mbn kÀ¡mcnÂ e`n¡p¶ At]£IfnÂ hyàamb ip]mÀi
kaÀ¸n¡m³ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
(2) Cu nba{]Imcw ]pds¸Sphn¨n«pÅ Hcp Unamâ v tm«oknsâ
{]mhÀ¯nIam¡epambn _Ôs¸t«m ØmhchkvXp hnÂ¸ kw_Ôn¨
hnÂ¸ ØncoIcWw AYhm hnÂ¸ AØncs¸Sp¯epambn _Ôs¸«p
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]pds¸Sphn¨ Hcp D¯chpambn _Ôs¸t«m IfIvSÀ AYhm A[nIrX
DtZymKØ³, hogvN¡mc³ AYhm At±l¯nsâ nbampkrX {]Xnn[n
F¶nhÀ X½nÂ Hcp nba {]ivapmIp¶ kmlNcy¯nÂ A¯cw
S]Snbntem Xocpam¯ntem IfIvSÀ Hcp I£nbmbn«pÅ ]£w BbXnÂ
XoÀ¸v IÂ¸n¡p¶Xnv 72þmw hIp¸p {]Imcw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWsd
A[nImcs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXmIp¶p F¶p am{XaÃ, C¯cw {]iv§Ä
ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xntm BbXnÂ Xocpamw ssIs¡mÅp¶Xntm XoÀ¸p
IÂ¸n¡p¶Xntm knhnÂ tImSXnIÄ¡v A[nImcnXbnÃm¯XmsW¶pw
{]kvXpX hIp¸nÂ hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅXmWv. Cu nba{]Imcw IfIvSdpsS
A[nImc§Ä hnntbmKn¡p¶Xnv NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ DtZymKØscbmWv
NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXv.
(i) PnÃm IfIvSÀ
(ii) sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ (PdÂ)
(iii) sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ (dhyq dn¡hdn)
(iv) dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ / k_v IfIvSÀ/ AknÌâ v
IfIvSÀ
(3) IfIvStdm A[nIrX DtZymKØtm Cu nba{]Imcw FSp¯n«pÅ
GsXmcp S]Sn kw_Ôn¨papÅ Xocpamw kzta[bmtbm AhImi_ÔapÅ
GsX¦nepsamcp hyànbpsS At]£bnt·tem ]px]cntim[n¡mhp¶
XmsW¶v 83þmw hIp¸nÂ hyhØ sNbvXncn¡p¶p.
(4) IqSmsX kwØms¯ FÃm Xmeqt¡môkpIfnsebpw dhyq
dn¡hdn kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ HmôkpIfnsebpw dhyq dn¡hdn ]ncnhp
]ptcmKXn kw_Ôn¨ AhtemIw S¯p¶Xnpw CXp kw_Ôamb
]ptcmKXn hnhcw ImWn¡p¶ {]Xnamk dnt¸mÀ«v kÀ¡mcnÂ
kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWdpsS taÂ hnhcn¨ NpaXeIÄ kw_Ôn¨ hniZamb S]Sn
hnhc§Ä NphsS JÞnIIfnembn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
3. nba¯nse hyhØIÄ Øm]§Ä¡v _m[IamsW¶v
{]Jym]n¡Âþ (1) GsX¦nepw {]tXyI Øm]§Ät¡m kzbw`cW
Øm]§Ät¡m GsX¦nepw hyànIfnÂnt¶m hyànIfpsS Iq«mbvabnÂ
nt¶m e`n¡mpÅ IpSnÈnI CuSm¡p¶XnÂ s]mXpXmÂ]cymÀ°w Cu
nba¯nse hyhØIÄ _m[IamsW¶v {]Jym]n¡p¶Xnv kÀ¡mcnv
A[nImcapÅXmWv. C¯c¯nÂ IpSnÈnIIÄ CuSm¡p¶Xnv dhyq dn¡hdn
nbaw _m[Iam¡ns¡mv {]Jym]w S¯p¶Xnte¡mbn GsX¦nepw
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Øm]§fnÂ n¶pw kÀ¡mcnÂ At]£ e`n¡p¶ ]£w BbXv
A`n{]mb¯npw ip]mÀi¡pambn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
ssIamdp¶Xmbncn¡pw.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ ssIamdn e`n¡p¶ At]£Ifnt·Â _Ôs¸«
PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ nt¶m PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ nt¶m hniZamb dnt¸mÀ«v
tXtSXmWv. dnt¸mÀ«v e`yam¡pt¼mgpw kÀ¡mcnte¡v ip]mÀi
kaÀ¸n¡pt¼mgpw NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ hkvXpXIÄ hniZambn
]cnKWnt¡Xpw ]cmamÀint¡XpamWv.
(i) Øm]w {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶ {]tZiw, taÂhnemkw,
`mchmlnIÄ, GXp nba{]ImcamWv Øm]w {]hÀ¯n¨phcp¶Xv,
cPnkvt{SjpIÄ/ ssek³kpIÄ F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä.
(ii) kÀ¡mÀ, AÀ² kÀ¡mÀ, kzbw`cW Øm]w F¶p
XpS§n Øm]¯nsâ {]hÀ¯ kz`mhw, {]hÀ¯¯nsâ `qan
imkv{X]camb A[nImc]cn[n, {]hÀ¯ ^v (aqe[ nt£]w,
{]hÀ¯ ^v F¶nhbv¡pÅ XpIIÄ k©nX n[nbnÂ n¶mtWm
atäsX¦nepw C§fnÂ n¶mtWm sNehgn¡p¶sX¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ hnhcw)
F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä.
(iii) IpSnÈnIbpsS kz`mhw, BbXv CuSm¡p¶Xnse s]mXp
XmÂ]cyw F¶o hnhc§Ä
(3) taÂ hnhc§Ä ]cmaÀin¨psImpÅ hniZamb dnt¸mÀ«v
kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸n¡pt¼mÄ 71þmw hIp¸v {]Imcw dhyq dn¡hdn
nba¯nse hyhØIÄ _m[Iam¡ns¡mv {]Jym]w S¯p¶Xnv
tbmKyamsW¦nÂ hyàamb ip]mÀi tcJs¸Sp¯nbmIWw kÀ¡mcnte¡v
dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸nt¡Xv.
4. IfIvSÀ, IpSnÈnI¡mc³ F¶nhÀ I£nIfmbpÅ nba{]iv§fnÂ
XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡Âþ (1) IfIvSÀ AYhm A[nIrX DtZymKØ³
]pds¸Sphn¨n«pÅ Hcp Unam³Uv tm«oknsâ S¸m¡epambn _Ôs¸«v
tm«okpIfpsS S¯n aS¡Â, tm«okv S]SnbpsS {]mhÀ¯nIam¡Â,
XpIIÄ hkqem¡Â F¶nh kw_Ôamtbm Ømhc hkvXp kw_Ôn¨
hnÂ] Hcp D¯chp aptJ Øncs¸Sp¯pItbm AØncs¸Sp¯pItbm
sN¿p¶Xpambn _Ôs¸t«m IfIvSÀ/ A[nIrX DtZymKØ³, IpSnÈnI I£n/
IpSnÈnI I£nbpsS {]Xnn[n F¶nhÀ X½nÂ nba{]iv§fpmIp¶
]£w nba¯nÂ asämcp Xc¯nÂ BbXv XoÀ¨s¸Sp¯p¶Xnv hyhØ
sNbvXn«nÃm¯ kwKXnIfnÂ BbXv Hcp hyhlmcw aqew XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡m³
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]mSnÃm¯XmWv. F¶p am{XaÃ, C¯cw nba{]iv§fnÂ
XocpamsaSp¡p¶Xnv knhnÂ tImSXnIÄ¡v A[nImcnXbnÃm¯XpamWv.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ nba{]ivapmIp¶ ]£w IfIvSÀ Hcp
I£nbmbn«pÅnS¯v BbXv Hcp D¯chpaqew Xocpamn¡p¶Xnv em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. IpSnÈnI I£nt¡m IfIvSÀt¡m
nba{]ivw Nqn¡m«n tcJmaqeapÅ At]£ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
(3) nba{]iv§Ä D¶bn¡p¶ ]£w tcJIÄ hnfn¨p hcp¯n
]cntim[n¡pI, I£nIsf hnNmcW sNbvXv sXfnshSp¡pIbpw samgn
tiJcn¡pIbpw sN¿pI F¶o S]Sn{Ia§Ä kzoIcn¨psImv tNmZyw
sN¿s¸Sp¶ Xocpamw/ D¯chv icnh¨psImtm AØncs¸Sp¯ns¡mtm
t`ZKXn hcp¯ns¡mtm em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ Cu nba¯nse
hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bamb bpàamb D¯chp ]mkmt¡Xpw D¯chnsâ
]IÀ¸v At]£ IqSmsX Xs¶ _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v AphZn¡pItbm
Ab¨p ÂIpItbm sNt¿XpamWv.
5. ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄþ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡pÅ
]px]cntim[m[nImc§Ä 83þmw hIp¸nemWv hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅXv. Cu
hIp¸p {]Imcw IfIvStdm A[nIrX DtZymKØtm Cu nba{]Imcw
ssIs¡m GsXmcp Xocpamhpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kzta[bmtbm
AhImi_ÔapÅ GsX¦nepw hyànbpsS At]£bnt·tem
]px]cntim[n¡mhp¶Xpw DNnXamb D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¡mhp¶XpamWv.
(2) ]px]cntim[m S]SnIÄ Hcp At]£bnt·emWv
kzoIcn¡p¶sX¦nÂ {]kvXpX At]£, At]£bv¡mkv]Zamb D¯chv
At]£I³ ssI¸änb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 90 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ
e`n¨n«pÅXmsW¶v Dd¸phcpt¯XmWv. F¶mÂ At]£
kaÀ¸n¡p¶XnÂ ImeXmakw tcn«n«pÅnS¯v At]£ bYmkabw
kaÀ¸n¡m³ IgnbmXncp¶Xnv aXnbmb ImcWw t_m[n¸n¨psImv
ImeXmakw am¸m¡p¶XnpÅ {]tXyI lÀPn IqSn kaÀ¸n¨n«pÅnS¯v
{]kvXpX ImcWw t_m[yamIp¶ ]£w ImeXmakw am¸m¡ns¡mv em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v XocpamsaSp¡mhp¶Xpw ]px]cntim[m lÀPn
^benÂ kzoIcn¡mhp¶XpamWv. tImÀ«v ^o Ìm¼v, lÀPn ]IÀ¸pIÄ F¶nh
kw_Ôn¨v A¸oÂ/dnhnj³ lÀPnIÄ¡pÅ s]mXp hyhØIÄ dhyq
dn¡hdn ]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ¡pw _m[IamWv.
(3) ]px]cntim[m lÀPnIÄ e`n¨mepS³ IfIvStdmtSm A[nIrX
DtZymKØtmtSm _Ôs¸« tcJIÄ lmPcm¡m³ Bhiys¸Smhp¶Xpw
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AtzjW hnNmcW S¯mhp¶XpamWv. F¶mÂ IfIvSdpsStbm A[nIrX
DtZymKØsâtbm D¯chpaqew k¦Sap`hn¡p¶bmfnv ap³Iq«nbpÅ
tm«okv ÂIns¡mÃmsX bmsXmcp ]px]cntim[m lÀPnbpw
XoÀ¸m¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv. BIbmÂ _Ôs¸« tcJIÄ IfIvSdnÂ nt¶m
A[nIrX DtZymKØnÂ nt¶m e`n¨mepS³ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
hnNmcW XobXn nÝbnt¡Xpw _Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v tm«okv
Abbvt¡XpamWv. tm«oknÂ hnNmcW¯obXn, kabw, hnNmcW Øew
F¶nh hniZambn tcJs¸Spt¯XmWv.
(4) ]px]cntim[bpambn _Ôs¸« hnNmcW thfbnÂ _Ôs¸«
I£nIfpsS {]kvXmhIÄ tcJs¸Spt¯XmWv. tcJIÄ ]cntim[n¨pw
tcJs¸Sp¯nb samgnIÄ hniIew sNbvXpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ Cu
nba¯nse hyhØIÄ¡p hnt[bambn bpàamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw
A¯cw Xocpamw D¯chp (Order) cq]¯nembncnt¡XpamWv. C¯c¯nÂ
XocpamsaSp¡pt¼mÄ IfIvSdpsStbm A[nIrX DtZymKØsâtbm D¯chv
icnhbv¡pItbm d±m¡pItbm t`mZKXn hcp¯pItbm sN¿mhp¶Xpw XpSÀ
S]Sn kw_Ôn¨ nÀt±iw DÄs¡mÅn¡mhp¶XpamWv. ]px]cntim[m
lÀPnbnse Xocpamw kw_Ôn¨ D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸v HcmgvNbv¡Iw _Ôs¸«
FÃmhÀ¡pw tcn«v ÂIpItbm Ab¨p ÂIpItbm sNt¿Xpw _Ôs¸«
I£nIÄ BbXv DSSn {]m_ey¯nÂ hcpt¯XpamWv.
6. dhyq dn¡hdn þ ]ncnhp ]ptcmKXn, AhtemIw F¶nhþ (1)
Hmtcm amks¯bpw dhyq dn¡hdnbpambn _Ôs¸« ]ncnhp ]ptcmKXn
hnhc§fpw hnhn[ tÌ hnhc§fpapÄs¸sSbpÅ FÃm {]hÀ¯§fpw
nco£n¡p¶Xnpw AhtemIw sN¿p¶Xnpw Bhiyamb
amÀKnÀt±i§Ä ÂIp¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. CXnte¡mbn NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ hnhc§Ä em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnv FÃm XlknÂZmÀamcpw/dhyq dn¡hdn
kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀamcpw _m²yØcmWv.
(i) Hmtcm hntÃPnte¡pw ntbmKn¨n«pÅ NmÀPv Hm^okÀamcpsS
t]cphnhc§Ä
(ii) Hmtcm hntÃPnpw nÝbn¨p ÂInbn«pÅXpw
]ncns¨Spt¡Xpamb XpIbpsS iXamIW¡v
(iii) Hmtcm hntÃPnsâbpw {]Xnamk ]ncnhv ]ptcmKXn
AhtemI dnt¸mÀ«v
(iv) Xmeq¡nse apXÂþ]ncnhvþ_m¡n ]{XnI
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(v) hnhn[ tÌ hnhc§Ä, tÌbnepÄs¸« XpI, tImSXn
tIkpIfpsS hnhc§Ä F¶nh
(vi) {]Xnamk Xmeq¡pXe dhyq dn¡hdn tbmK¯nsâ
ann«vkv.
(2) taÂ tNÀ¯n«pÅhbnÂ hntÃPvXe ]ncnhp]ptcmKXn¸«nI, Xmeq¡v
dhyq dn¡hdn tbmKann«vkv, Xmeq¡v apXÂþ]ncnhvþ_m¡n ]{XnI, {]Xnamk
tÌ hnhc]«nI F¶nh sXm«Sp¯ amkw 5þmw XobXn¡p ap¼mbn _Ôs¸«
XlknÂZmÀamÀ/kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀamÀ, em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw BbXv hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v DNnXamb XpSÀ
S]SnIÄ¡pÅ amÀKnÀtZi§Ä em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw CXp kw_Ôamb AhtemI dnt¸mÀ«v AXXv amkw
15þmw XobXn¡pap¼mbn kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
****
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Vol.I

A²ymbwþ 13
Bbp[§fpw kvt^mSI hkvXp¡fpw
(F) Bbp[nbaw
1. A]ISIcamb Bbp[§Ä ssIhiw hbv¡p¶Xv þ (1) A]ISIcamb
Bbp[§Ä ssknIcÃm¯ ]uc·mÀ¡v e`yamIp¶nsÃ¶pw
ssek³tkmsSbÃmsX kzbc£bv¡p thnbpÅ Bbp[§Ä Bcpw
ssIhiw hbv¡p¶nsÃ¶pw ]cnioe§Ä¡pw aäpw Bbp[§Ä
nbampkrXamb ApaXntbmsS am{Xta D]tbmKn¡p¶pÅq F¶pw,
]uc³amÀ cmPyt{Zml hn[zwkI {]hÀ¯§Ä¡p thn Bbp[§Ä
D]tbmKn¡p¶nsÃ¶pw Dd¸p hcp¯p¶Xnpw ssek³kv AphZn¡p¶Xnpw
]pXp¡nÂIp¶Xnpw AXymhiyL«§fnÂ Bbp[ssek³kv DÅ
]uc³amsc cmPykpc£m Bhiy§Ä¡mbn ntbmKn¡p¶Xnpw thn
C³Uy³ ]mÀesaâ v 1959 se 54þmw nbaambn Bbp[ nbaw
]mÊm¡pIbpmbn.
2. Bbp[ ssek³kv AphZn¡Â/]pXp¡n ÂIÂþ Cu nba{]Imcw
tIcf¯nÂ Bbp[ ssek³kv AphZn¡p¶Xnpw ]pXp¡n
ÂIp¶XnpapÅ A[nImcw PnÃm aPnkvt{Säv/AUojWÂ PnÃm
aPnkvt{SänmWv. PnÃm aPnkvt{Sänsâ D¯chnsXnsc A¸oÂ kaÀ¸nt¡Xv
I½ojWÀ¡msW¶v 2016 se Bbp[ N«§fnse N«w 105 Â hyhØ
sNbvXn«pÅXnsâ ASnØm¯nÂ, Bbp[ nbahpambn _Ôs¸« A¸oÂ
kzoIcn¨v XocpamsaSp¡pIbmWv CXp kw_Ôn¨ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS IÀ¯hyw.
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Vol.I

3. ssek³kv A[nImcnbpsS D¯chnsXnscbpÅ A¸oÂ ÂIp¶Xvþ
ssek³kv ÂIp¶ A[nImcnbpsS D¯chnsXnsc, D¯chv XobXn apXÂ
30 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ k¦S¡mcmb hyàn¡v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
ap¼msI Hcp A¸oÂ ^bÂ sN¿mhp¶XmWv. C{]Imcw ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶
A¸oÂ lÀPntbmsSm¸w A¸oÂ ôkmb 1000/þ cq] 0055-00-104-99 F¶
ioÀjI¯nÂ {SjdnbnÂ HSp¡nbXnpff sNem³ ckoXpw A¸oÂ lÀPn¡p
ImcWamb D¯chnsâ km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸pw lmPcmt¡Xpv.
A¸oÂ XoÀ¸m¡p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ A²ymbw 4 se s]mXp hyhØIÄ Bbp[
nba {]ImcapÅ A¸oepIÄ¡pw _m[IamWv.
(2) A¸oÂ lÀPn e`yambmepS³ cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀ BbXv hniZambn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw nÝnX ôkv
HSp¡nbXnpff AkÂ sNem³, tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ
km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v F¶nh DÅS¡w sNbvXn«ps¶pw aXnbmb tImÀ«v
ô Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«ps¶pw Dd¸phcpt¯Xpw yqXIfnsÃ¶p
t_m[ys¸Sp¶ kwKXnbnÂ A¸oÂ ^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnmbn em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv. A¸oenÂ yqXIÄ DÅXmbn
t_m[ys¸Sp¶ kwKXnbnÂ BbXv nckn¨psImv D¯chv
]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv.
(3) nÝnX kab]cn[nbmb 30 Znhk§Ä¡p tijw kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶
A¸oepIfnÂ ImeXmak¯npÅ aXnbmb ImcWw tcJs¸Sp¯n
s¡mpÅXpw 10 cq] tImÀ«v ô Ìm¼v ]Xn¨Xpamb Unte I¬sUmtWj³
s]äoj³ (DelayCondonationPetition)^bÂ sNbvXncn¡pIbpw t_m[n¸n¡s¸«
ImcW§Ä ymbbpàsa¶v A¸oe[nImcn¡v t_m[ys¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶
]£w C¯c¯nÂ sshIn kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ A¸oet]£Ifpw ^benÂ
kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv.
4. A¸oense S]Sn{Iawþ (1) nÝnX kab]cn[n¡pÅnÂ ^bÂ sN¿s¸«
A¸oÂ ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³ BbXnsâ ]IÀ¸v FXnÀ I£n¡v
Ab¨psImSpt¡Xpw FXnÀhmZ ]{XnI 15 Znhk§Ä¡Iw lmPcm¡p¶Xnv
nÀt±int¡Xpw dn¡mÀUpIÄ hnfn¨phcpt¯Xpw XpSÀ¶v
hnNmcWbv¡mbn XobXn nÝbnt¡XpamWv. hnNmcW Øew, XobXn,
kabw F¶o hnhc§Ä DÄs¡mÅn¨pÅ tm«okv A¸oÂ hmZn¡v hnNmcW
XobXn¡v IpdªXv 3 Znhkw ap¼mbn e`n¨p F¶v Dd¸phcpt¯Xpw
hnNmcW thfbnÂ I£nsbtbm I£nbmÂ nbampkrXw
NpaXes¸Sp¯s¸« hyànsbtbm tcnÂ tIÄt¡Xpw dn¡mÀUpIÄ,
A¸oÂ lÀPnbnse hmZ§Ä, hnNmcW thfbnÂ t_m[n¸n¡s¸«
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hkvXpXIÄ F¶nh IqSn ]cnKWn¨psImv Bbp[ nba§fnsebpw
N«§fnsebpw hyhØIÄ¡pkrXambn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ DNnXamb
D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡XpamWv. A¸oÂ hmZn¡v tcnÂ tIÄ¡p¶Xnv
aXnbmb Ahkcw ÂIns¡mÃmsX A¸oÂ lÀPnbnÂ bmsXmcp
ImcWhimepw A´na Xocpamw ssIs¡mffm³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
(2) A¸oÂ lÀPn AphZn¨psImtm nckn¨psImtm DÅ em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWdpsS Xocpamw A¸oÂ ^bÂ sNbvX XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 60
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ ]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw BbXv D¯chnsâ
cq]¯nembncnt¡Xpw ]IÀ¸pIÄ tcnt«m cPntÌÀUv X]mÂ aptJtbm
DS³ Xs¶ I£nIÄ¡v e`yamt¡XpamWv. Bbp[ nba{]Imcw ^bÂ
sN¿s¸« Hcp A¸oÂ lÀPn AphZn¨psImtm nckn¨psImtm em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ GsXmcp Xocpamhpw
A´naambncn¡p¶XmWv.
(_n) kvt^mSI hkvXp nbaw
5. kvt^mSI hkvXp nbaw þ kvt^mSI hkvXp¡fpsS kq£n¸v, D]tbmKw,
ssIImcyw sN¿Â F¶n§sbÅh kw_Ôn¨ ssek³knMv hyhØIÄ
DÄs¡mÅn¨psImpÅ tI{µ nbaamWv 1884 se kvt^mSI hkvXp nbaw.
{]kvXpX nba¯nsâ S¸nem¡enmbn tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ 2008 Â kvt^mSI
hkvXp N«§fpw cq]oIcn¨v S¸nem¡nbn«pÅXmWv.
6. A¸oe[nImcn þ kvt^mSI hkvXp nba {]Imcw ssek³kv
AphZn¡p¶Xntm ]pXp¡p¶Xntm DÅ Hct]£ ssek³knMv
A[nImcnbmb PnÃm aPnkvt{Stäm AUojWÂ PnÃm aPnkvt{Stäm
nckn¨psImtm ]pXp¡enpÅ At]£bpsS kwKXnbnÂ ssek³kv
kkvs]â v sNbvXpsImtm d±p sNbvXpsImtm AYhm ssek³knse
n_ÔIÄ¡v t`ZKXn hcp¯ns¡mtm ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ GsXmcp
Xocpam¯nsXnscbpw A¯cw Xocpam¯mÂ k¦Sap`hn¡p¶bmÄ¡v
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI Hcp A¸oÂ ^bÂ sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
7. A¸oÂ lÀPnþ (1) PnÃm aPnkvt{Stäm AUojWÂ PnÃm aPnkvt{Stäm
]pds¸Sphn¨ D¯chv e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 60 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ A¸oÂ
^bÂ sNbvXncnt¡XmWv. A¸oet]£bvs¡m¸w tNmZyw sN¿s¸Sp¶
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D¯chnsâ ]IÀ¸v, A¸oÂ ôkmb 300 cq] 0070-60-103-99 F¶
ioÀjI¯nÂ kÀ¡mÀ JPmhnÂ HSp¡phcp¯nbXnpÅ AkÂ sNem³
F¶nh Dmbncnt¡Xpw A¸oÂ lÀPnbnÂ 10 cq]bpsS tImÀ«v ô Ìm¼v
]Xn¨ncnt¡XpamWv.
(2) A¸oÂ e`yambmepS³ BbXv cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀ ]cntim[n¨v yqXIÄ CÃmsb¶v Dd¸phcp¯ns¡mv A¸oÂ
^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnte¡mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. A¸oÂ lÀPnbnÂ yqXIÄ DÅ ]£w BbXv
nckn¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ D¯chv ]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv.
(3) nÝnX kab ]cn[nbmb 60 Znhk§Ä¡ptijw
kaÀ¸n¡s¸«n«pÅ A¸oepIÄ km[mcWKXnbnÂ ]cnKWmÀ
laÃm¯XmWv. F¶mÂ ImeXmka¯nv aXnbmb ImcWapmIpIbpw
BbXv tcJs¸Sp¯ns¡mpw 10 cq] aqeyapÅ tImÀ«v ô Ìm¼v
]Xn¨psImpw Unte I¬sUmtWj³ lÀPn IqSn ^bÂ
sN¿s¸«n«pÅnS¯v tcJs¸Sp¯s¸« ImcW§fmemWv ImeXmakw
tcn«sX¶v A¸oe[nImcn¡v t_m[ys¸Sp¶ kmlNcy§fnÂ C¯c¯nÂ
sshIn ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ A¸oepIfpw ^benÂ kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv.
8. A¸oent·epÅ S]Sn{Iawþ (1) A¸oÂ lÀPn ^benÂ kzoIcn¨mepS³
FXnÀ I£nIÄ¡v lÀPn ]IÀ¸pIÄ e`yamt¡Xpw {]XnhmZ ]{XnI,
dn¡mÀUpIÄ F¶nh 15 Znhk§Ä¡Iw lmPcm¡p¶Xnv FXnÀ I£ntbmSv
nÀt±int¡XpamWv. FXnÀhmZ]{XnI, dn¡mÀUpIÄ, A¸oÂ lÀPnbnse
hmZ§Ä F¶nh hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v nÀ®bnt¡ {]iv§fpsS ]«nI
X¿mdmt¡Xpw XpSÀ¶v hnNmcW XobXn nÝbnt¡XpamWv. hnNmcW
XobXn, kabw, Øew F¶o hnhc§Ä DÄs¡mÅn¨pÅ tm«okv I£nIÄ¡v
Ab¨p ÂtIXpw {]kvXpX tm«okv _Ôs¸« I£n¡v/ I£nIÄ¡v
hnNmcW XobXnbnÂ n¶v IpdªXv 3 Znhk§Ä¡p ap¼mbn e`n¨n«ps¶v
Dd¸phcpt¯XpamWv.
(2) hmNcW XobXnbnÂ I£nsb/ I£n nbampkrXw
NpaXes¸Sp¯nb hyànsb tcnÂ tIÄt¡Xpw samgn
tcJs¸Spt¯XpamWv. A¸oense hmZ§Ä, hnNmcW thfbnÂ
t_m[n¸n¨n«pÅ hkvXpXIÄ, FXnÀ I£nbpsS hmZ§Ä, ]cntim[bv¡mbn
e`yam¡nb dn¡mÀUpIÄ F¶nh ]cntim[n¨p sImpw kvt^mSI hkvXp
nba¯nsebpw N«§fnsebpw hyhØIÄ¡pkrXambpw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡XmWv. A¸oÂ hmZnsb tcnÂ
tIÄ¡p¶Xnv aXnbmb Ahkcw ÂImsX A¸oÂ lÀPnbnÂ Ańa
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Xocpamw ssIs¡mÅm³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
9. A¸oÂ D¯chv þ (1) A¸oÂ lÀPn AphZn¨psImtm nckn¨psImtm
DÅ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS Xocpamw D¯chv cq]¯nembncnt¡Xpw
BbXv ]pds¸Sphn¨mepS³ Xs¶ A¸oÂ hmZn, ssek³knMv AtXmdnän
F¶nhÀ¡v cPnÌÀ sNbvXv X]mÂ aptJ Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
(2) A¸oÂ lÀPnbnÂ Ańa XocpamapmIp¶Xphsc tNmZyw
sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnv {]m_eyapmbncn¡pw F¶ kvt^mSI hkvXp
nba¯nse hIp¸v 6 p IognepÅ JÞw F^v (6) se hyhØ
]men¡p¶ptm F¶Xpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv.
A¸oÂ lÀPn nckn¨psImtm AphZn¨psImtm em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ GsXmcp Xocpamhpw Ańaambncn¡p¶XmWv.
(kn) s]t{Smfnbw nbaw
10. ncmt£] km£y]{Xwþ(1) s]t{Smfnbw hnXcW tI{µ§Ä¡pÅ
ssek³kv e`n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn ssek³knMv A[nImcn ap¼msI
lmPcmt¡Xmb ncmt£] km£y]{Xw AphZn¡p¶Xnv 1934 se
s]t{Smfnbw nba {]Imcw PnÃm aPnkvt{Säv/ AUojWÂ PnÃm aPnkvt{Säv
NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. Cu amzense 4þmw A²ymbw {]ImcapÅ s]mXp
hyhØIÄ C¯cw A¸oepIÄ XoÀ¸m¡p¶Xnepw _m[Imambncn¡p¶XmWv.
11. A¸oÂ lÀPnþ(1) ncmt£] km£y]{X¯npÅ At]£
nckn¨psImtm ncmt£] km£y]{Xw d±p sNbvXpsImtm PnÃm
aPnkvt{Säv/AUojWÂ PnÃm aPnkvt{Säv ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ D¯chp {]Imcw
k¦Sap`hn¡p¶ hyàn¡v BbXv ]pds¸Sphn¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 60
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ap¼msI Hcp A¸oÂ
t_m[n¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. C{]Imcw kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ A¸oet]£bnÂ 10
cq]bpsS tImÀ«v ô Ìm¼v ]Xn¨n«ps¶pw A¸oÂ lÀPns¡m¸w, tNmZyw
sN¿s¸Sp¶ D¯chnsâ km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v, A¸oÂ ôkmb 300
cq] 0070-60-103-99 F¶ ioÀjI¯nÂ kÀ¡mÀ JPmhnÂ
HSp¡phcp¯nbXnpÅ AkÂ sNem³ F¶nh DÅS¡w sNbvXn«ps¶pw
Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv.
(2) A¸oÂ e`yambmepS³ cPnkv{SnbpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v
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I½ojWÀ A¸oÂ lÀPn hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v yqXIfnsÃ¶v Dd¸p
hcp¯ns¡mv BbXv ^benÂ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnte¡mbn em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. yqXIÄ {i²bnÂs¸Sp¶ ]£tam
ImeXmakapm bn«pÅ ]£tam A¸oÂ At]£ XÅn Xocpamnt¡Xpw
{]kvXpX hnhcw _Ôs¸« I£nIsf Adnbnt¡XpamWv.
(3) D¯chv XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 60 Znhk§Ä¡p tijw ^bÂ
sNbvXn«pÅ A¸oepIÄ km[mcWKXnbnÂ ]cnKWmÀl§fÃm¯XmWv.
F¶mÂ A¸oÂ bYmkabw t_m[n¸n¡mXncp¶Xnv aXnbmb ImcWw
t_m[n¸n¨psImpw 10 cq] aqeyapÅ tImÀ«v ^o Ìm¼v ]Xn¨psImpw Hcp
Unte I¬sUmtWj³ lÀPn IqSn kaÀ¸n¨n«pÅ ]£w em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ A¯cw tcJs¸Sp¯s¸« ImcW§Ä hniZambn
]cntim[nt¡Xpw ImcW§Ä ymbbpàsa¶v t_m[ys¸Sp¶nS¯v
At±l¯nv C¯c¯nÂ sshIn ^bÂ sN¿s¸« A¸oepIÄ ^benÂ
12. A¸oent·epÅ S]Sn{Ia§Ä, A¸oÂ D¯chv F¶nhþ (1) A¸oÂ
lÀPnbnt·Â s]t{Smfnbw nbaw, s]t{Smfnbw N«§Ä F¶nhbnse
hyhØIÄ¡pkrXambn S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨v DNnXamb
XocpamsaSp¡p¶XnÂ taÂ JÞnI 109, 110 F¶nhbnse S]Sn{Ia§Ä
kzoIcnt¡XmWv.
***
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A²ymbwþ 14
sI«nS nIpXn
1. sI«nS nIpXn nbawþ Xmak, XmatkXc sI«nS§Ä¡pÅ Hä¯hW
sI«nS nIpXn, 3000 NXpc{i ASn¡p apIfnÂ hnkvXrXnbpÅ Xmak
sI«nS§Ä¡pÅ BUw_c nIpXn F¶nh Npa¯p¶Xnte¡mbn 1975 se
tIcf sI«nS nIpXn nbaw, 1992 se tIcf sI«nS nIpXn (¹n´v Gcnb)
N«§Ä F¶nh kwØm¯v S¸nem¡nbn«pÅXmWv. {]kvXpX nba {]Imcw
nIpXn nÀ®b DtZymKØ·mcmbn kwØms¯ Xmeq¡v
XlknÂZmÀamscbpw A¸oÂ A[nImcnIfmbn dhyq UnhnjWÂ
Hm^okÀamscbpw Kkäv hnÚm]w aptJ kÀ¡mÀ
NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXmWv.
2. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄ þ (1) Cu nba¯nsâ
S¸nem¡epambn _Ôs¸«v ntbmKn¡s¸«n«pÅ DtZymKØÀ¡v Bhiyamb
D¯chpIfpw amÀ¤nÀt±i§fpw ÂIp¶Xnv nba¯nse 4þmw hIp¸nsâ
3þmw D]hIp¸v {]Imcw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
C¯c¯nÂ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶ D¯chpIfpw
amÀ¤nÀt±i§fpw ]men¡p¶Xnpw S¸nem¡p¶Xnpw Cu nba{]Imcw
NpaXes¸Sp¯s¸« FÃm DtZymKØcpw _m[yØcmWv.
(2) nba¯nsâ S¸nem¡epambn _Ôs¸«v kzta[bmtbm nIpXn
nÀ®bm[nImcnbpsStbm A¸oe[nImcnIfpsStbm PnÃm IfIvSÀamcpsStbm
BhiympkcWtam BhiyambXpw nba¯npw N«§Ä¡pw
ApkrXambXpamb D¯chpItfm nÀt±i§tfm em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v ]pds¸Sphn¡mhp¶XmWv. nIpXn nÀ®bw, ]ncnhv ]ptcmKXn
F¶nh nc´cambn AhtemIw sN¿pI, BhiyapÅ ]£w
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nÝnXImet¯¡v {]tXyI nIpXn nÀ®b ]cn]mSn¡v (Special Drive) cq]w
ÂIpI, sI«nS nIpXn tIkpIfnÂ ^oÂUv ]cntim[ DÄs¸sSbpÅ
]cntim[IÄ S¯pI F¶nhbpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS
NpaXeIfmWv.
3. sI«nS nIpXn AhtemIw þ (1) Hmtcm PnÃbnsebpw Hmtcm
amks¯bpw BsI nÀ½mWw ]qÀ¯nbm¡nb sI«nS§fpsS F®w (Xt±i
kzbw`cW Øm]§fnÂ n¶pw e`yamb hnhcw), XlknÂZmÀamÀ nIpXn
nÀ®bw S¯nb sI«nS§fpsS F®w, Hmtcm amks¯bpw Unamâ v
XpIbpsSbpw ]ncnhp XpIbpsSbpw hnhc§Ä F¶nh sXm«Sp¯ amkw 10þmw
XobXn¡p ap¼mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v e`yam¡p¶Xnv _Ôs¸«
PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. sI«nShnhc§Ä nIpXn
nÀ®b¯nmbn tiJcn¡p¶XnÂ ImeXmaktam hogvNtbm DmhpI,
nIpXn XpIIÄ IpSnÈnIbmhpI F¶n§sbpÅ hogvNIÄ
AphZobaÃm¯Xpw {]Xnamk dnt¸mÀ«pIfpsS AhtemI¯nÂ C¯cw
hogvNIÄ {i²bnÂs¸Sp¶ ]£w _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ¡v CXp
kw_Ôamb IÀi ]cnlmcnÀt±i§Ä ÂtIXpamWv.
(2) Hmtcm Xmeq¡pw sXm«Sp¯ km¼¯nIhÀjw sI«nS
nIpXnbn¯nÂ ]ncns¨Spt¡ XpI, nIpXn nÀ®bnt¡ sI«nS§fpsS
F®w F¶nh kw_Ôn¨v ap³hÀj§fnse IW¡pIÄ ]cnKWn¨v Hcp ]ncnhv
e£yw nÀ®bn¨p ÂImhp¶XmWv. C¯c¯nÂ ]ncnhp e£yw ImWn¡p¶
]«nI X¿mdm¡n FÃm hÀjhpw amÀ¨v amk¯nÂ (sXm«Sp¯ km¼¯nI
hÀj¯nte¡mbn) _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡Xpw
BbXnsâIqSn ASnØm¯nÂ {]Xnamk ]ptcmKXn AhtemIw
sNt¿XpamWv.
4. {]tXyI nIpXn nÀ®b DuÀÖnX bÚw (Special Drive)þ (1)
{]Xnamk AhtemI¯nÂ n¶pw nIpXn nÀ®b¯ntem ]ncnhntem
nÝnX e£yw ssIhcn¨n«nsÃ¶p t_m[ys¸Sp¶ Xmeq¡pIfnÂ aXnbmb
Poh¡msc ntbmKn¨psImv {]tXyI nIpXn nÀ®b ]cn]mSn
kwLSn¸n¡p¶Xnv PnÃm IfIvSÀamtcmSv nÀt±in¡mhp¶Xpw A¯c¯nÂ
ntbmKn¡s¸Sp¶ SoapIfnse DtZymKØcpsS HutZymKnI ]Zhn,
DtZymKØcpsS F®w, nÝnX e£yw F¶nh nÝbn¨p ÂImhp¶XpamWv.
Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]§fnÂ n¶pw ]Wn]qÀ¯nbmb sI«nS§fpsS
hnhcw tiJcn¨v BbXnsâ ASnØm¯nÂ ]cntim[ S¯n nIpXn
nÀ®b¯nmbn _Ôs¸« XlknÂZmÀ¡v dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n¡pIbmWv
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C¯cw {]tXyI kwLmwK§fpsS IÀ¯hyw.
(2) C¯c¯nÂ {]tXyI nIpXn nÀ®b bÚw S¯p¶Xnv
Xocpamn¡p¶ ]£w BbXv AXXv km¼¯nI hÀjw HIvtSm_À 1 v
Bcw`nt¡Xpw Unkw_À 31 Iw ]qÀ¯oIcn¨ncnt¡XpamWv.
****
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`mKwþ IV
`qkw_Ôamb aäp S]SnIÄ
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A²ymbwþ 15
sÂhbÂ þ X®oÀ¯S kwc£W nbaw
1. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIÄþ sÂhbepIfpsSbpw
X®oÀ¯S§fpsSbpw kwc£Ww F¶ e£yw ap³nÀ¯n kwØm
kÀ¡mÀ S¸nem¡nb 2008 se tIcf sÂhbÂ X®oÀ¯S kwc£W
nba{]Imcw kÀ¡mÀ cq]oIcn¡p¶ kwØmXe kanXnbnÂ AwKambn
{]hÀ¯n¡pI F¶XmWv Cu nba {]Imcw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
nÀÆlnt¡ Htcsbmcp NpaXe.
2. kwØmXe kanXnbpsS cq]oIcWhpw LSbpw þ (1) kÀ¡mÀ
Bhiy§Ät¡m s]mXp Bhiy§Ät¡m Bbn sÂhbÂ nIt¯
kmlNcy§fnÂ {]mtZinIXe nco£W kanXnbpsS ip]mÀiIÄ
]cntim[n¨v kÀ¡mcnte¡v dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn kÀ¡mÀ
cq]oIcn¡p¶ kanXnbmWv kwØmXe kanXn (State Level Committee)
NphsS tNÀ¡p¶hcmWv {]kvXpX kanXnbnse AwK§Ä:
(i) ImÀjntImÂ]mZ I½ojWÀ
(ii) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
(iii) ]cnØnXn taJebnse Hcp hnZKv[³
(iv) sÂIrjn cwKs¯ Hcp imkv{XÚ³
(2) kwØmXe kanXnbpsS I¬hoÀ Bbn {]hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv
ImÀjntImÂ¸mZ I½ojWÀ Bbncn¡p¶XmWv. ]cnØnXn cwKs¯
hnZKv[³, sÂIrjn cwKs¯ imkv{XÚ³ F¶nhsc {]kvXpX
kanXnbntebv¡v manÀt±iw sN¿p¶Xv kÀ¡mÀ Bbncn¡p¶XpamWv.
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3. kanXnbpsS NpaXe þ (1) kÀ¡mÀ Bhiy§Ä DÄs¸sSbpÅ s]mXp
Bhiy§Ä¡mbn sÂhbÂ nI¯p¶Xnte¡v {]mtZinIXe nco£W
kanXn kaÀ¸n¨v Hmtcm dnt¸mÀ«pw hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v DNnXamb dnt¸mÀ«v
kÀ¡mcnv kaÀ¸n¡pI F¶XmWv kwØmXe kanXnbpsS NpaXe.
dnt¸mÀ«v hniIew sN¿pt¼mÄ NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ hkvXpXIÄ hniZambn
]cntim[nt¡XmWv.
(i) C¯c¯nÂ sÂhbÂ cq]m´cs¸Sp¯p¶Xv tNÀ¶p InS¡p¶
sÂhbepIfnse Irjnsb F{]Imcw _m[n¡psa¶Xv.
(ii) tNÀ¶p InS¡p¶ sÂhbepIfnte¡pÅ kpKaamb oscmgp¡v
Dd¸phcp¯p¶Xnv GsXms¡ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡Wsa¶Xv.
(2) At]£bv¡m[mcamb `qanbnÂ Pekwc£W S]SnIÄ
Bhiyaptmsb¶pw kanXn ]cntim[nt¡Xpw A{]Imcw
thXps¦nÂ At]£I³ kzoIcnt¡ AptbmPyamb Pekwc£W
S]SnIÄ Fs´ms¡sb¶pw Pekwc£W S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡
{]tZitasX¶pw (hnkvXoÀ®w) dnt¸mÀ«nÂ hniZamt¡Xpw {]mtZinIXe
nco£W kanXnbnÂ n¶pw dnt¸mÀ«v e`n¨ XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 3
amk§Ä¡Iw kÀ¡mcnte¡v BbXv hyàamb ip]mÀi klnXw
kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ 16
`qan GsäSp¡Â
1. `qan GsäSp¡Â nbaw þ s]mXp Bhiy§Ä¡pw s]mXpþkzImcy
]¦mfn¯ ]²XnIÄ¡pw kzImcy I¼nIÄ¡pw kzImcy `qan GsäSp¯p
ssIamdp¶Xnmbn tI{µ kÀ¡mÀ S¸nem¡nb 2013 se `qan GsäSp¡Â
(ymbamb jvS]cnlmc¯npw kpXmcyXbv¡pw ]pc[nhmk¯npw
]pxØm]¯npapÅ AhImiw) nbaw (2013 se 30þmw ¼À nbaw) tIcf
kwØm¯v 01.01.2014 XobXnbnÂ {]m_ey¯nÂ h¶n«pÅXmWv. kzImcy
`qan GsäSpt¡n hcpt¼mÄ BbXv kw_Ôn¨v Xt±i kzbw`cW
Øm]§fpambpw {Kmak`Ifpambpw IqSnbmtemNn¨v `qhpSaIÄ¡pw
_m[n¡s¸Sp¶ aäp Phn`mK§Ä¡pw ]camh[n {]bmk§Ä Ipdª
hn[¯nÂ `qan GsäSp¡pI ]¦mfn¯ kz`mhhpw ampjnI ]cnKWIfpw
Dd¸phcp¯ns¡mv `qhpSaIÄ¡pw aäp _m[n¡s¸Sp¶ Phn`mK§Ä¡pw
oXnbpàhpw ymbhpamb jvS]cnlmcw e`yam¡pI, A¯c¡mcpsS
]pc[nhmkw, ]pxØm]w F¶nh Dd¸phcp¯pI F¶nhbmWv {]kvXpX
nbaw hyhØ sN¿p¶ {][m AhImi§Ä.
2. ]pc[nhmk¯npw ]pxØm]¯npapÅ I½ojWdpsS nbaw
þ 2013 se `qan GsäSp¡Â nba{]Imcw kzImcy`qan GsäSp¡p¶
Ahkc¯nÂ `qan jvSs¸Sp¶hÀ¡v jvS]cnlmct¯msSm¸w
]pc[nhmk¯npÅ AhImihpapÅXmWv C¯c¯nÂ hyhØ
sNbvXn«pÅ ]pc[nhmk¯npÅ AhImiw Dd¸phcp¯p¶Xnmbnþþþþþþ
{old--------------114. AUvannkvt{SädpsS NpaXeIÄ þnba¯nse hIp¸v
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11(1) {]Imcw GsX¦nepw Hcp s]mXp Bhiy¯nmbn `qan GsäSpt¡n
hcpt¼mÄ GsäSpt¡ `qanbpsS hniZmwi§Ä DÄs¸Sp¯n PnÃm IfISvÀ
Hcp {]mYanI hnÚm]w {]kn²oIcnt¡Xpv. 200 BÀ hscbpÅ `qan
GsäSp¡Â S]SnIÄ PnÃm IfIvSdpw 200 BÀþ Â IqSpXepÅ `qan GsäSp¡Ä
S]SnIÄ kÀ¡mÀ Xe¯nepamWv kzoIcn¡p¶Xv. hnÚm]w ]pds¸Sphn¨p
IgnªmÂ ]pc[nhmk¯npw ]pxØm]¯npambn nban¨n«pÅ
AUvannkvt{SäÀ ‘`qan GsäSp¡p¶Xp nan¯w `qclnXcmIpIbpw D]Pohw
jvSs¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶hcpsS hnhc§Ä’ tiJcnt¡Xpw taÂ hnhc§Ä
Hmtcmcp¯cptSbpw ]pc[nhmk¯npÅ AÀlX Xncn¨v
t{ImUoIcnt¡Xpw ChÀ¡v nba{]Imchpw nehnse dolm_nentäj³
& doskänÂsaâ v t]mfnkn {]ImchpapÅ {]Xn^ew, ]pc[nhmk ]mt¡Pv
F¶nh AS§nb Hcp IcSv kvIow X¿mdmt¡Xpw BbXv {]kn²oIcn¨v
]cmXnIÄ Ds¦nÂ Bbh tI«pXocpamn¨v kvIow ]qÀ¯oIcn¨v PnÃm
IfIvSÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
3. I½ojWÀ (BÀ&BÀ) kvIow AwKoIcn¡Wsa¶v þ (1)
AUvannkvt{SäÀ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ kvIow hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v PnÃm IfIvSÀ
hyàamb ip]mÀiItfmsS I½ojWÀ (BÀ&BÀ) ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
]pc[nhmk¯npw ]pxØm]¯npw thnhcp¶ NnehpIÄ,
BbXnpthn Is¯nbncn¡p¶ `qanIfpsS hnhc§Ä F¶nh
nÀ_Ôambpw DÄs¸Sp¯nbncnt¡XmWv. IqSmsX `qhpSaIÄ¡v ÂtI
]pc[nhmk ]mt¡Pv 2013 se nba¯nse sjUyqÄ II 29.12.2017 se 448/
2017/BÀ.Un. ¼À kÀ¡mÀ D¯chv F¶nhbnÂ ]dªncn¡p¶Xnt¡mÄ
Ipdbm³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv. F¶mÂ AÀ°m[nImcn CXnÂ IqSpXÂ
ÂIphm³ X¿mdmsW¦nÂ BbXnv XSÊanÃm¯XmWv.
(2) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS Imcymeb¯nÂ e`n¡p¶ IcSv kvIow
kq£va ]cntim[ S¯n BÀ&BÀ ]mt¡Pv ]cym]vXamtWm F¶p
]cntim[n¨v t_m²ys¸Sp¶ ]£w BbXv amä§Ä hcp¯ntbm AÃmsXtbm
AwKoIcn¡pItbm AÃm¯]£w XÅn¡fbpItbm IqSpXÂ sa¨s¸« kvIow
X¿mdm¡n kaÀ¸n¡phm³ Bhiys¸SpItbm sN¿mhp¶XmWv. kvIow
I½ojWÀ AwKoIcn¨tijw am{Xta nba¯nse 19þmw hIp¸p {]ImcapÅ
Un¢tdj³ hnÚm]w sN¿mmhq. Un¢tdjsm¸w I½ojWÀ (BÀ&BÀ)
AwKoIcn¨ ]pc[nhmk¯npw ]pxØm]¯npapÅ kvIoansâ Hcp k½dn
IqSn {]kn²oIcnt¡XmWv. kwØm¯v ]pc[nhmkhpw ]pxØm]hpw
S¸nem¡p¶Xnsâ ]qÀ® taÂtm«¨paXe I½ojWÀ (BÀ&BÀ)¡mWv.
(3) I½ojWÀ (BÀ & BÀ) AwKoImcw ÂInb kvIow GsäSp¡Â
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_m[n¡s¸Sp¶ {]tZis¯ Xt±i kzbw`cW Hm^okpIfnepw PnÃm IfIvSÀ,
k_vUnhnjWÂ aPnkvt{Säv, XlknÂZmÀ F¶nhcpsS Imcymeb§fnepw
aebmf¯nÂ e`yamt¡Xpw _Ôs¸« {]tZi¯v {]Nmc¯nepÅ Hcp
aebmf Zn¸{X¯nepw kÀ¡mÀ sh_vsskänepw {]kn²oIcnt¡XpamWv.
(4) sk£³ 11(1) hnÚm]w {]kn²oIcn¨v Hcp hÀj¯nIw
nÀ_Ôambpw 19þmw hIp¸p {]ImcapÅ Un¢tdj³ {]kn²oIcnt¡XmWv.
Un¢tdj³ {]kn²oIcn¨v 12 amkw Ignbp¶Xnp ap³]mbn jvS]cnlmcw
Xn«s¸Sp¯n AhmÀUv, BÀ&BÀ AhmÀUv F¶nh ]mkmt¡Xpw XpI
ÂInbtijw Øew GsäSpt¡XpamWv. AÃm¯]£w `qan GsäSp¯v 3
amk§Ä¡Iw jvS]cnlmc¯pIbpw 6 amk§Ä¡Iw BÀ & BÀ Dw
`qhpSa¡v ÂtIXmWv. ]²Xn S¯n¸np tijapÅ tkmjyÂ HmUnäv
_Ôs¸« Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]§fpambn BtemNn¨v S¸nemt¡Xv
I½ojWÀ (BÀ & BÀ) BWv.
4. km¼¯nI A[nImc§Ä þ ]¯ptImSn cq]bnÂ A[nIapÅXpw 20
tImSnbnÂ IhnbmsXbpÅXpamb jvS]cnlmc AhmÀUpIÄ PnÃm IfISvÀ
]mkm¡p¶Xnv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS ap³IqÀ ApaXn BhiyamWv.
ap³IqÀ ApaXn¡mbn PnÃm IfIvSÀ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ s{]mt¸mkensm¸w Xmsg
¸dbp¶ tcJIÄ IqSn kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
(i) hIp¸v 4(1), 11(1), 19 hIp¸pIÄ {]ImcapÅ hnÚm]§fpsS
]IÀ¸v.
(ii) 19(1) {]ImcapÅ hnÚm]w {]kn²oIcn¨ XobXn sXfnbn¡p¶
tcJ.
(iii) GsäSp¯ `qanIfpsS {]tXyIw {]tXyIambpÅXpw
sam¯ambpÅXpamb AhmÀUv XpIIÄ kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä,
ImÂ¡ptej³ tÌävsaâ v F¶nh.
(iv) stKmjntbäUv ]Àt¨kv BsW¦nÂ tÌäv sehÂ Fw]thÀUv
I½nän AwKoIcn¨ `qanbpsS hne kw_Ôn¨ D¯chv.
5. tÌäv sehÂ Fw]thÀUv I½nänþ kÀ¡mÀ b{]Imctam
stKmjntbäUv ]Àt¨kv aptJtbm `qan hne¡phm§pt¼mÄ PnÃmXe¯nÂ
Un.FÂ.]n.kn IqSn nÝbn¡p¶ D`bk½X {]ImcapÅ hne No^v
sk{I«dnbpsS A²y£XbnepÅ D¶XXe I½nän ]cntim[n¨v
AwKoIcnt¡Xpv. {]kvXpX D¶XXe I½nänbnse £WnXmhmWv em³Uv
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dhyq I½ojWÀ.
6. ]ocntbmUn¡Âkv þ (1) ]gb nba {]ImcapÅ XoÀ¸mIm¯ tIkpIÄ,
]pXnb nba{]Imcw tImSXnIfnÂ nehnepÅ tIkpIÄ, A¸oepIÄ,
FIvknIyqj³ s]äojpIÄ F¶nhbpsS XÂØnXnbpw t{]m{Kkpw
ImWn¡p¶ ]ocntbmUn¡Âkv FÃmamkhpw PnÃmIfIvSÀamÀ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶p. BbXv ]cntim[n¨v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
tIkpIfnÂ kzoIcnt¡ S]SnIÄ kw_Ôn¨ nÀt±i§Ä
ÂtIXmWv.
7. `qan GsäSp¡Â Hm^okpIfpsS XpSÀ¨mpaXnþ (1) hnhn[
]²XnIÄ¡mbn `qan GsäSpt¡n hcpt¼mÄ S]SnIÄ thK¯nÂ
]qÀ¯nbm¡mpw ]²XnIÄ bYmkabw {]mhÀ¯nIam¡p¶Xnpambn
XmÂ¡menIambn {]tXyI bqWnäpIÄ AphZn¨v kÀ¡mÀ D¯chmIp¶p.
Hcp hÀjt¯¡mWv bqWnäpIÄ¡v ApaXn ÂIp¶sX¦nepw Sn
ImemhZn¡pÅnÂ tPmen ]qÀ¯nbmIm¯ ]£w BbXv
]qÀ¯nbmIp¶Xphsc {]kvXpX bqWnäpIÄ nenÀt¯ Bhiyaps¦nÂ
BbXv XpScp¶XnpÅ s{]mt¸mkÂ kÀ¡mcnte¡v kab _ÔnXambn
kaÀ¸nt¡Xpv.
(2) PnÃIfnÂ {]hÀ¯n¡p¶ XmÂ¡menI `qan GsäSp¡Â
bqWnäpIÄ¡v XpSÀ¨mpaXn BhiyapÅ]£w bqWnäpIfpsS {]hÀ¯w
hnebncp¯n XpSÀ¨mpaXn BhiyapÅ Imebfhv, nehnse tPmenbpsS
ØnXn, XpSÀ¨mpaXn F¶phsc Bhiyapv, Bhiyamb XkvXnIIÄ
F¶nh DÄs¸Sp¶ s{]mt¸mkÂ bqWnänsâ Imemh[n Xocp¶Xnpap³]v PnÃm
IfIvSÀamÀ I½ojWtdänte¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. I½ojWÀ {]kvXpX
bqWnäpIfpsS {]hÀ¯w hnebncp¯n Bhiysa¦nÂ kÀ¡mcnte¡v
XpSÀ¨mpaXn s{]mt¸mkÂ Abbvt¡XmWv.}old
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`mKwþ V
]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
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A²ymbwþ 17
]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
1. hnhn[ ]cntim[m kwhn[m§Ä þ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänp
IognepÅ FÃm D]Imcymeb§fnepw cpXcw ]cntim[IÄ S¯n
yqXIÄ ]cnlcn¡p¶XneqsS FÃm Imcymeb§fpsSbpw {]hÀ¯§Ä
Imcy£ahpw kpXmcyhpw IpäaäXpamsW¶v Dd¸phcp¯pIbmWv {]kvXpX
]cntim[IfpsS e£yw. AXmbXv ]cntim[m S]SnIÄ F¶Xv Hcp
Xncp¯Â S]Sn{IaamsW¶À°w (Corrective Measure) hnhn[ ^v
hnntbmKw, hchp sNehpIÄ F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ B`yć ]cntim[ (In-
ternal Audit) D]Imcymeb§fpsS ssZwZn {]hÀ¯§Ä kw_Ôn¨ D]
Imcymeb ]cntim[ (Sub office Inspection) F¶nhbmWv taÂ¸dª cpXcw
]cntim[IÄ. km¼¯nI Imcy§Ä kw_Ôn¨ B`yć ]cntim[m
S]SnIÄ¡mbn konbÀ ^nm³kv HmôkdpsS tXrXz¯nÂ Hcp B`yć
]cntim[m bqWnäpw D]Imcymeb ]cntim[IÄ¡mbn Hcp AknÌâ v
I½ojWÀ, aq¶v konbÀ kq{]pamÀ F¶nhcpsS tXrXz¯nÂ Hcp
]cntim[m hn`mKhpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ {]hÀ¯n¨phcp¶p.
(2) B`yć ]cntim[, D]Imcymeb ]cntim[ F¶nh nÝnX
]cntim[m Iednsâ ASnØm¯nepw BIkvanI ]cntim[ F¶
nebnepw S¯nhcp¶p. PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIÄ, taJem hnPne³kv sU]yq«n
IfIvSÀ HmôkpIÄ, dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkpIÄ, Xmeqt¡môkpIÄ,
k_vXmeq¡v Hmôkv, dhyq dn¡hdn/ `qan]Xnhv/ `qan GsäSp¡Â
F¶n§sbpÅ kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ HmôkpIÄ, hntÃtPmôkpIÄ
XpS§nb FÃm D]Imcymeb§fnepw (em³Uv {Sn_yqWÂ
Imcymeb§sfmgnsI) B`yć ]cntim[, D]Imcymeb ]cntim[ F¶nh
S¯p¶Xnpw XpSÀ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
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(F) k_v Hmôkv ]cntim[
2. ]cntim[m S]SnIfpw ]cntim[m Iedpwþ (1) hnhn[
D]Imcymeb§fpsS ssZwZn {]hÀ¯§Ä kw_Ôn¨ nÝnX
Iedns ASnØmam¡nbpÅ “BpImenI ]cntim[”, “BIkvanI
]cntim[”, em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsStbm kÀ¡mcnsâtbm nÀt±is¯
XpSÀ¶pÅ “{]tXyI ]cntim[” F¶nhbmWv ]cntim[m hn`mKw aptJ
St¯Xv. IqSmsX km¼¯nI hÀjs¯ ASnØmam¡nbmIWw
D]Imcymeb ]cntim[IÄ {IaoIcnt¡Xpw BbXv S¸nemt¡Xpw.
(2) D]Imcymeb ]cntim[IÄ AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamcpsS taÂ
tm«¯nemIWw St¯Xv. F¶mÂ ]cntim[m kwL§fpsS tXrXzw
konbÀ kq{]pamÀ¡mbncn¡p¶Xpw konbÀ kq{]pamsc IqSmsX
]cntim[IÄ S¯m³ ]mSnÃm¯XpamWv.
(3) k_v HmôkpItfm ôÂUpItfm kµÀin¨v {]amW ]cntim[
S¯pI, ]cntim[m dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ X¿mdm¡n em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸n¡pI, ]cntim[m Ipdn¸nt·Â yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅpI F¶nhbmWv _Ôs¸« ]cntim[m hn`mK§fpsS s]mXphmb
NpaXeIÄ. ]cntim[bpambn _Ôs¸«v KpcpXcamb {Iat¡SpIÄ
{i²bnÂs¸Sp¶ ]£w _Ôs¸« DtZymKØÀs¡Xnsc A¨S¡S]Sn
ip]mÀi sN¿p¶Xnpw ]cntim[m hn`mKw DtZymKØÀ
3. ]cntim[m IeÀ þ(1) Hmtcm km¼¯nI hÀjs¯bpw hnhn[
D]Imcymeb§fnse BpImenI ]cntim[ kw_Ôn¨v Hcp ]cntim[m
IeÀ ]cntim[m hn`mKw X¿mdm¡n em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS
AwKoImcw tSn _Ôs¸« D]Imcymeb§Ä¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡XmWv.
C¯c¯nÂ ]cntim[m IeÀ X¿mdm¡pt¼mÄ BbXnÂ FÃm PnÃm
IfIvt{SäpIfpw, Xmeqt¡môkpIfpw, kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ HmôkpIfpw
k_v Xmeqt¡môkpw taJem hnPne³kv sU]yq«n IfIvSÀamcpsS
HmôkpIfpw DÄs¸«ncnt¡XmWv. hntÃPv HmôkpIfnÂ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ BpImenI ]cntim[ St¯XnÃm¯Xpw ]cntim[m
IednÂ hntÃPv HmôkpIfpsS hnhcw DÄs¸Spt¯XnÃm¯XpamWv.
F¶mÂ BIkvanI ]cntim[, {]tXyI ]cntim[ F¶nh hntÃPv
HmôkpIÄ¡pw _m[Iambncn¡p¶XmWv.
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(2) ]cntim[m Iednsâ ASnØm¯nÂ k_v
HmôkpIfnte¡v Hcp konbÀ kq{]v, cv PqnbÀ kq{]v
F¶nhÀs¡m¸w aq¶nÂ Ipdbm¯ ¢mÀ¡pamsc/ konbÀ ¢mÀ¡pamscbpw
ntbmKnt¡XmWv. ]cntim[m kwL§Ä¡v ôÂUv ]cntim[
BhiyapÅ kwKXnbnÂ HutZymKnI hml kuIcyw GÀs¸Sp¯n
ÂIp¶Xnv _Ôs¸« D]Imcymeb ta[mhn _m[yØmWv. hnhn[
D]Imcymeb§fnÂ ]cntim[ S¯p¶Xnv NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ kab]cn[n
]men¨mIWw ]cntim[m IeÀ X¿mdmt¡Xv.
(i) PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIÄ þ 6 Znhkw
(ii) taJemhnPne³kv sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ HmôkpIÄ þ 2 Znhkw
(iii) dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkpIÄ þ 4 Znhkw
(iv) Xmeq¡v HmôkpIÄ þ 6 Znhkw
(v) kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ HmôkpIÄ þ 3 Znhkw
(vi) k_v Xmeq¡v Hmôkv þ 1 Znhkw
(3) BIkvanI ]cntim[, {]tXyI ]cntim[ F¶nhbv¡p taÂ
cmw D]JÞnIbnse kab{Ia§tfm DtZymKØcpsS F®tam
_m[IaÃm¯Xpw A¯cw tIkpIfnÂ ]cntim[bpsS hym]vXnsb
ASnØmam¡n kab{Iaw, DtZymKØcpsS F®w F¶nh
nÝbn¡mhp¶XpamWv. FÃm km¼¯nIhÀjhpw sabv amkw BZyw
Bcw`n¨v Pphcn Ahkmw Ahkmn¡p¶ Xc¯nemIWw ]cntim[m
IeÀ X¿mdmt¡Xv. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS ap³IqÀ ApaXn
IqSmsX ]cntim[m IednÂ amäw hcp¯m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv.
4. ]cntim[bv¡pÅ tNmZymhen þ (1) PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIÄ, dhyq
UnhnjWÂ HmôkpIÄ, Xmeqt¡môkpIÄ, kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ (`qan
]Xnhv) HmôkpIÄ, kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ (dhyq dn¡hdn) HmôkpIÄ,
kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ (`qan GsäSp¡Â) HmôkpIÄ, taJem hnPne³kv
sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ HmôkpIÄ F¶o D] Imcymeb§fpsS ]cntim[bv¡mbn
Ggv {]tXyI tNmZymhen X¿mdm¡n kq£nt¡Xpw BbXns
ASnØmam¡n BpImenI ]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
]qÀ¯oIcnt¡XpamWv.
(2) AXXv Imcymeb§fnÂ ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ hnjb§sf
kw_Ôn¨v {IaambmIWw tNmZymhen X¿mdmt¡Xv C¯c¯nÂ Øncambn
X¿mdm¡n kq£n¡p¶ tNmZymhen Hmtcm hÀjhpw t`ZKXnIfpÅ ]£w
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]pXp¡n nÝbnt¡Xpw ]cntim[m km¼¯nI hÀjw G{]nÂ 15 p
ap³]mbn ]pXp¡nb tNmZymhen¡v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS AwKoImcw
tSnbncnt¡XpamWv. tNmZymhenbpsS (Questionnaire)amXrIIÄ
Ap_Ôw 10F, 10_n, 10kn, 10Un, 10C, 10F^v, 10Pn F¶n§s
Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
5. BpImenI ]cntim[ þ (1) ]cntim[m Iedns ASnØmam¡n
am{XapÅ ]cntim[bmWv BpImenI ]cntim[. PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIÄ,
dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkpIÄ, Xmeqt¡môkpIÄ, kvs]jyÂ XlknÂZmÀ
HmôkpIÄ, k_v Xmeqt¡môkv F¶nhnS§fnÂ Hcp km¼¯nI hÀjs¯
FÃm Hmôkv S]Sn{Ia§fpw sXm«Sp¯ km¼¯nI hÀjw Xs¶
]cntim[n¨v yqXIÄ {i²bnÂs¸Sp¶ ]£w Ah Xmakwhnm
]cnlcn¡pI F¶XmWv BpImenI ]cntim[ sImv AÀ°am¡p¶Xv.
Hcp Imcymeb¯nse Hcp km¼¯nI hÀjs¯ BpImenI ]cntim[
Hä¯hWbmbnXs¶ ]qÀ¯oIcnt¡XmWv. F¶mÂ KpcpXcamb
{Iat¡SpIÄ {i²bnÂs¸SpIbpw ]cntim[bv¡mbn IqSpXÂ kabw
BhiyamsW¶v AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ tcJmaqew Bhiys¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶
kwKXnbnÂ taÂ 91þmwJÞnIbnse cmw D]JÞnIbnÂ ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ
kab]cn[n IqSmsX BhiyambsX¶p IcpXp¶ Znhk§ÄIqSn
]cntim[bv¡mbn AphZn¡mhp¶XmWv.
(2) BpImenI ]cntim[bpambn _Ôs¸« Hmôkv {]hÀ¯§Ä,
Poh¡mcyw, hnhn[ dhyq hnjb§Ä, ]ucmhImi§Ä, aPnÌocnbÂ
S]SnIÄ, F¶nhsbÃmw ]cntim[bv¡p hnt[bamt¡XmWv.
BpImenI ]cntim[bpambn _Ôs¸«v NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ hnjb§Ä
hniZambn ]cntim[n¨mIWw Ipdn¸v X¿mdmt¡Xv.
(i) lmPÀ, s]mXp A¨S¡w
(ii) kÀÆokv Imcy§Ä, s]³j³
(iii) Iymjv_p¡v, A¡uvkv, hmlw, ZnhkthX¡mÀ
(iv) dn¡mÀUv, sse{_dn, sXmnkm[§Ä
(v) `qan]Xnhv, ]m«w, ssek³kv
(vi) t]m¡phchv
(vii) `qanhns«mgnbÂ, Ayw nÂ¸v, `qan GsäSp¡Â
(viii) `qkwc£Ww
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(ix) `q]cnjv¡cWw
(x) `qhnntbmKw, `q]cnhÀ¯w, sÂhbÂþX®oÀ¯S
kwc£Ww
(xi) dokÀsÆ, FÂ.BÀ.Fw.
(xii) aPnÌocnbÂ hnjb§Ä, Bbp[/kvt^mSI hkvXp/
s]t{Smfnbw nba§Ä
(xiii) kÀ«n^n¡äpIÄ
(xiv) sI«nSnIpXn, tXm« nIpXn, dhyq dn¡hdn
(xv) Jn, JnP§Ä, aWÂhmcÂ
(xvi) {]IrXnt£m`w, t£a]²XnIÄ, s]³jpIÄ,
apJya{ńbpsS ZpcnXmizmk n[n.
(xvii) hmhImi nbaw, ImÀUaw skänÂsa³dv
(xviii) kmamPnIcpsS hnIk^v
(3) taÂhnjb§Ä IqSmsX Nne Imcymeb§fnÂ am{Xw S]SnIÄ
BhiyapÅ hnjb§fpÅ ]£w A¯cw hnjb§Ä kw_Ôn¨pw
]cntim[ St¯Xpw Ah kw_Ôamb ]cmaÀi§Ä ]cntim[
¡pdn¸nÂ DÄs¡mÅnt¡XpamWv. IqSmsX ]cntim[m S]SnIfpsS
`mKambn `qantbm sI«nS§tfm Af¶p Xn«s¸Sp¯pI, `q]cntim[ S¯pI
F¶nhbpw nba]camb S]Sn{Ia§Ä ]men¨psImv S¯mhp¶XpamWv.
(4) ]cntim[m S]SnIÄ ]qÀ¯nbmbmepS³ ]cntim[bv¡p
tXrXzw ÂInb konbÀ kq{]v ]cntim[¡pdn¸v t{ImUoIcnt¡Xpw
]cntim[m SoawK§fpsS lmPÀ hnhcw klnXw ]cntim[ ]qÀ¯nbm¡nb
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw ]¯p Znhk§Ä¡Iw ]cntim[¡pdn¸v em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¨v AwKoImcw hmt§XpamWv.
6. BIkvanI ]cntim[, {]tXyI ]cntim[ F¶nh þ (1) em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v Xsâ IognepÅ hntÃPv HmôkpIÄ DÄs¸sSbpÅ
GsX¦nepw D]Imcymeb§sf kw_Ôn¨v s]mXpP§fnÂ n¶v ]cmXn
e`n¡p¶ ]£tam {Iat¡SpIÄ kw_Ôn¨v atäsX¦nepw Xc¯nÂ Adnhp
e`n¡p¶ ]£tam Xsâ Hmôknsetbm atäsX¦nepw D]Imcymeb¯nsetbm
Poh¡msc ntbmKn¨psImtm GsX¦nepw D]Imcymeb ta[mhntbmSv
nÀt±in¨psImtm BIkvanI ]cntim[tbm {]tXyI ]cntim[tbm
S¯mhp¶XmWv. AknÌâ v I½ojWdpsS ]ZhnbnÂ XmsgbÃmsXbpÅ
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DtZymKØsâ tXrXz¯nemIWw BIkvanI ]cntim[, {]tXyI
]cntim[ F¶nh St¯Xv.
(2) {]m[myaÀln¡p¶ hnjb§Ä, kÀ¡mcnÂn¶pw nÀt±iw
e`n¨n«pÅ AtzjW hnjb§Ä, A¨S¡ S]SnIfpambn _Ôs¸«
AtzjW§Ä F¶o kwKXnIfnÂ {]tXyImtzjW kwLs¯
ntbmKn¡mhp¶XmWv. {]tXyI ]cntim[, BIkvanI ]cntim[ F¶nh
S¯p¶ Ahkc§fnÂ ]cntim[ ]qÀ¯nbmIp¶ Znhkw Xs¶
]cntim[bv¡v tXrXzw ÂInb DtZymKØ³ AtzjW dnt¸mÀ«v
t{ImUoIcnt¡Xpw BbXv sXm«Sp¯ {]hr¯n Znhkw Xs¶ em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v AwKoImc¯nmbn kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
7. ]cntim[¡pdn¸nt·epÅ XpSÀ S]SnIÄ þ (1) BpImenI
]cntim[tbm BIkvanI ]cntim[tbm {]tXyI ]cntim[tbm
]qÀ¯nbmbmepS³ _Ôs¸« DtZymKØÀ ]cntim[¡pdn¸nsâ aXnbmb
]IÀ¸pIÄ X¿mdm¡n AwKoImc¯nmbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p
kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. ChbnÂ BpImenI ]cntim[¡pdn¸pIÄ ]cntim[
]qÀ¯nbmb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw ]¯p Znhk§Ä¡pÅnepw aäp cp
]cntim[sb kw_Ôn¨ Ipdn¸pItfm dnt¸mÀ«pItfm ]cntim[
]qÀ¯nbmb XobXnbpsS sXm«Sp¯ {]hr¯n Zn¯nepamIWw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡Xv.
(2) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS AwKoImcw e`n¨mepS³
]cntim[¡pdn¸nsâ Hcp ]IÀ¸v PnÃmIfIvSÀ¡pw Hcp {]Xn PnÃm IfIvSÀ
aptJ _Ôs¸« Imcymeb¯nte¡pw yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIÄ¡mbn
Ab¨p sImSpt¡XmWv. CtXmsSm¸w Hmtcm ]cntim[¡pdn¸ns
kw_Ôn¨papÅ yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIÄ t{ImUoIcn¨v (JÞnIIfpsS
XoÀ¸m¡Â kw_Ôn¨v) kq£n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn Hcp {]tXyI cPnÌdpw
]cntim[m hn`mKw X¿mdm¡n kq£nt¡XmWv. {]kvXpX cPnÌdnÂ
]cntim[n¨ Hm^oknsâ t]cv, ]cntim[m Imebfhv, ]cntim[n¨ XobXnIÄ,
BsI JÞnIIfpsS F®w, yqXm ]cnlmcS]SnIÄ BhiyapÅ
JÞnIIfpw F®hpw F¶nh tcJs¸Spt¯Xpw yqXm ]cnlmc
S]SnIÄ hgn XoÀ¸m¡nb JÞnIIfpsS hnhc§Ä {Iaambn
tcJs¸Spt¯XpamIp¶p. cPnÌdnsâ amXrI Ap_Ôw--þ11 Bbn
tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
(3) ]cntim[¡pdn¸v D]Imcymeb¯nÂ e`n¨mepS³ hnhn[
JÞnIIfnÂ Nqn¡mWn¨n«pÅ yqXIÄ ASnb´ncambn
]cnlcnt¡Xpw Hcp amk¯nIw PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ yqXm]cnlmc
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adp]SnIÄ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv. taJem
hnPne³kv sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ Hmôkv HgnsIbpÅ D]Imcymeb ta[mhnIÄ
yqXm ]cnlmc adp]SnIÄ PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ aptJ kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw
{]kvXpX adp]SnIfnt·epÅ PnÃm IfIvSÀamcpsS dnamÀ¡pIÄ BbhbnÂ
DÄs¡mÅn¨ncnt¡XpamWv.
(4) ]cntim[¡pdn¸pIfnt·Â CS¡me adp]SnIÄ bmsXmcp
hn[¯nepw AphZobaÃm¯XmWv. ]cntim[¡pdn¸nse Hmtcm
JÞnIbnsebpw yqXIÄ ]cnlcn¨n«pÅXmbn Adnbn¡p¶ ]£w
Bhiysa¦nÂ BbXv kw_Ôamb sXfnhpIÄ IqSn kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnpw
(DZmlcWambn cPnÌdpIfpsStbm A¡upIfpsStbm D¯chpIfpsStbm
sNempIfpsStbm ]IÀ¸pIÄ) Bhiys¸Smhp¶XpamWv. ]cntim[
¡pdn¸nÂ Nqn¡m«nbn«pÅ FÃm yqXIfpw ]cntim[¡pdn¸v Ab¨pIn«nb
XobXnbnÂ n¶pw ]camh[n Bdp amk¯nIw ]cnlcn¨v Ańa
dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¡m³ _Ôs¸« D]Imcymeb
ta[mhnIÄ _m[yØcmWv. PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw ip]mÀi klnXw
e`n¡p¶ adp]SnIÄ hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v yqXIÄ ]cnlcn¡s¸«psh¶v
Dd¸phcp¯ns¡mv {]kvXpX ]cmaÀiw DÄs¡mÅp¶ JÞnI XoÀ¸m¡n
D¯chmtIXpw {]kvXpX hnhcw PnÃm IfIvSsdbpw _Ôs¸« Imcymeb
ta[mhnsbbpw Adnbnt¡XpamWv.
(5) GsX¦nepw hnjb§fnepÅ KpcpXcamb {Iat¡SpItfm kÀ¡mcnv
km¼¯nI jvSapmbn«pÅ kwKXnItfm {i²bnÂs¸Sp¶ ]£w A¯cw
hnjb§Ä DÄs¸Sp¯n {]tXyI Ipdn¸v X¿mdm¡n em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
ssIamtdXpw BbXnt·Â A¨S¡S]Sn hn`mKw aptJ XpSÀS]SnIÄ
kzoIcnt¡XpamWv.
(_n) Pam_ń
8. Pam_ń hnÚm]hpw XpSÀ S]SnIfpw þ (1) hntÃPv HmôkpIfnse
hmÀjnI ]cntim[bmb Pam_ń bYmkabw IrXynjvTtbmsS sNbvXp
hcp¶ps¶v Dd¸p hcp¯pIbpw BbXv kw_Ôambn kÀ¡mcnte¡v dnt¸mÀ«v
kaÀ¸n¡pIbpw sN¿pI F¶Xv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXebmWv.
Pam_ń ]cntim[bv¡v XobXn nÝbn¨psImpw Pam_ń HmôkÀamsc
ntbmKn¨psImpw PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ G{]nÂ amkmZyw {]kn²oIcn¡p¶
hnÚm]§fpsS ]IÀ¸pIÄ G{]nÂ amkw 20þmw XobXn¡p ap¼mbn em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p kaÀ¸nt¡Xpv. Hmtcm km¼¯nIhÀjhpw Pq¬
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15 v Bcw`n¨v HIvtSm_À 15 v Ahkmn¡p¶ hn[¯nemIWw Pam_ń
]cntim[m ]cn]mSn¡v kab{Iaw nÝbnt¡Xv.
(2) KkänÂ hnÚm]w sNbvX XobXnIfnÂ Xs¶bmIWw Pam_ń
]cntim[m S]SnIÄ S¶p hcp¶Xv F¶v Dd¸phcpt¯Xv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWtdänse ]cntim[m hn`mK¯nsâ IqSn NpaXebmWv. CXnte¡mbn
Pam_ń ]cntim[bpsS Hcp {]Xnamk ]ptcmKXn dnt¸mÀ«v _Ôs¸« PnÃm
IfIvSÀamÀ Pq¬ apXÂ HIvtSm_À hsc Imebfhnembn em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. Pam_ń ]cntim[ þ]ptcmKXn
dnt¸mÀ«nsâ amXrI Ap_Ôwþ12 Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p. Pam_ń
]cntim[ ]qÀ¯nbm¡nbmepS³ FÃm Pam_ń dn¡mÀUpIfpw Pam_ń
HmôkÀamÀ AwKoIcn¨n«ps¶v Dd¸phcp¯ns¡mv CXp kw_Ôamb
Hcp km£y]{Xw Unkw_À 31 p ap¼mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnpw PnÃm IfIvSÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. km£y]{X¯nsâ
amXrI Ap_Ôwþ13 Bbn tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p. Pam_ń ]cntim[
bYmkabw ]qÀ¯oIcn¡p¶Xnpw dn¡mÀUpIÄ AwKoIcn¡p¶Xnpw
Pam_ń HmôkÀamÀ hyàn]cambn NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. C¡mcy¯nÂ
hogvNhcp¯p¶ Pam_ń HmôkÀamÀs¡Xnsc kÀ¡mcnte¡v
A¨S¡S]Sn ip]mÀi sN¿p¶Xnv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
(3) Pam_ń ]cntim[ ]qÀ¯oIcn¨Xmbn PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw
km£y]{Xw e`n¨mepS³ kwØms¯ Pam_ń S]SnIÄ
]qÀ¯nbm¡nbn«pÅXmb Hcp {]Jym]w em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
X¿mdmt¡Xpw BbXv kÀ¡mcnte¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
9. Pam_ńþ yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIÄ þ Pam_ń HmôkÀ
X¿mdm¡n hntÃPpIfnte¡v ssIamdp¶ Pam_ń sN¡v sat½mdm¯nÂ
Nqn¡mWn¨n«pÅ yqXIÄ sXm«Sp¯ Pam_ń¡p ap³]mbn
]cnlcnt¡Xv hntÃPv DtZymKØcpsSbpw BbXv Dd¸p hcpt¯Xv PnÃm
IfIvSdpsSbpw NpaXebmWv. BIbmÂ Hcp hÀjs¯ Pam_ń S]SnIÄ
]qÀ¯nbmIp¶ {Ia¯nÂ Hmtcm hntÃPnsâbpw sN¡v sat½mdm¯nt·Â
IfIvt{Säv ]cntim[m hn`mKw yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIÄ Bcw`nt¡Xpw
{]kvXpX {]{Inb sXm«Sp¯ km¼¯nI hÀjw tabv 31 p ap¼mbn
]qÀ¯oIcn¨ncnt¡XpamWv. C¯c¯nÂ Pam_ń sN¡v
sat½mdm¯nt·epÅ yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIÄ nco£n¡p¶Xnpw
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse ]cntim[m hn`mKw NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
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10. Pam_ń sN¡v sat½mdmwþ X¿mdm¡epw t`ZKXn hcp¯epw þ
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ X¿mdm¡n AwKoIcn¨v HutZymKnI KkänÂ
hnÚm]w sN¿p¶ sN¡v sat½mdms¯ ASnØmam¡nbmIWw
kwØms¯ FÃm hntÃPv HmôkpIfnsebpw Pam_ń S]SnIÄ
St¯Xv. GsX¦nepw hnjb§fnÂ t`ZKXnItfm Iq«nt¨À¡epItfm DÅ
]£w em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AXmXp Ime§fnÂ sN¡v sat½mdm¯nÂ
DNnXamb t`ZKXnIÄ hcpt¯Xpw BbXv HutZymKnI KkänÂ hnÚm]w
sNbvXtijw sN¡v sat½mdm¯nsâ aXnbmb {]XnIÄ A¨Sn¨v PnÃm
IfIvSÀamÀ¡v hnXcWw sNt¿XpamWv.
11. Pam_ń HmôkÀamsc ntbmKn¡Âþ nÝnX F®w hntÃPv
HmôkpIÄ¡mtbm Ht¶m AXne[nItam Xmeq¡pIÄ¡v apgphmtbm
Pam_ń ]cntim[IÄ¡mbn AXmXv hÀj§fnÂ Pam_ń Hmôksd
Kkäv hnÚm]w aptJ ntbmKn¡p¶Xv _Ôs¸« PnÃm IfIvSÀamcmWv.
Øncw sU]yq«n IfIvSÀamscbpw (Substantive) k_v IfIvSÀamscbpw PnÃm
IfIvSÀamscbpamWv Pam_ń HmôkÀamcmbn ntbmKn¡pI. GsX¦nepw
PnÃbnÂ nehnÂ ntbmKn¡s¸« DtZymKØs Pam_ń ]cntim[m
NpaXebnÂ ns¶mgnhm¡pI, ]pXpXmbn Hcp Pam_ń DtZymKØs
ntbmKnt¡nhcnI F¶obhkc§fnÂ PnÃm IfIvSdpsS hniZamb
dnt¸mÀ«nsâbpw ip]mÀibpsSbpw ASnØm¯nÂ Pam_ń Hmôksd
ntbmKn¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ hnÚm]w
]pds¸Sphnt¡Xpw BbXv HutZymKnI KkänÂ {]kn²s¸Spt¯XpamWv.
(kn) PnÃm IfIvSÀamcpsS D]Imcymeb ]cntim[
12. PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ St¯ ]cntim[IÄ þ (1) Hmtcm PnÃm
IfIvSdpw Xsâ IognepÅ FÃm D]Imcymeb§fnepw BpImenI ]cntim[,
BIkvanI ]cntim[ F¶nh S¯m³ _m[yØcmWv. PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ
C¯cw ]cntim[IÄ bYmkabw S¯p¶psh¶pw D]Imcymeb§sfm¶pw
Xs¶ ]cntim[bnÂ ns¶mgnhmbn«nsÃ¶pw XpSÀ S]SnIÄ
kzoIcn¡p¶ps¶pw Dd¸phcpt¯ NpaXe em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse
]cntim[m hn`mK¯npv. PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ Hmtcm km¼¯nI hÀjhpw
D]Imcymeb ]cntim[ S¯p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨v Hcp ]cntim[m IeÀ
aq³Iq«n X¿mdmt¡Xpw BbXnsâ ASnØm¯nÂ Xsâ A[nImc
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]cn[nbnse FÃm D]Imcymeb§fnepw ]cntim[ ]qÀ¯nbm¡n
]cntim[¡pdn¸v X¿mdmt¡Xpw yqXm]cnlmc S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mtÅXpamWv.
(2) Hmtcm km¼¯nI hÀjhpw Bcw`n¡p¶Xnp sXm«pap¼pÅ
amk¯nÂ (amÀ¨p amk¯nÂ) sXm«Sp¯ km¼¯nI hÀjs¯ D]Imcymeb
]cntim[m IeÀ PnÃmIfIvSÀamÀ X¿mdmt¡Xpw BbXnsâ ]IÀ¸v
amÀ¨v 31 p ap¼mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
{]kvXpX ]cntim[m Iedns ASnØmam¡n IrXyambn ]cntim[m
S]SnIÄ S¶phcp¶psh¶v I½ojWtdänse ]cntim[m hn`mKw
Dd¸phcpt¯XmWv.
13. PnÃm IfIvSdpsS ]cntim[¡pdn¸pIÄþ (1) BpImenI ]cntim[,
BIkvanI ]cntim[ F¶nh ]qÀ¯nbmbmepS³ ]cntim[¡pdn¸nsâ Hcp
{]Xn PnÃm IfIvSÀ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv. {]kvXpX
]cntim[¡pdn¸pIÄ I½ojWtdänse ]cntim[mhn`mKw kq£vaambn
]cntim[nt¡Xpw KpcpXcamb {Iat¡SpIÄ kw_Ôn¨v em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ XpSÀ S]SnIÄ kzoIcnt¡XpÅ ]£w BbXnpÅ S]SnIÄ
kzoIcnt¡XpamWv.
(2) PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw e`n¨ ]cntim[¡pdn¸pIfnt·Â PnÃm
IfIvSÀamÀ Xs¶ kzoIcn¡p¶ yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIfpw
I½ojWtdänse ]cntim[m hn`mKw nco£nt¡XmWv. CXnte¡mbn
PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ Ap_Ôw þ14 Â tNÀ¯n«pÅ amXrIbnÂ {]Xnamk
yqXm ]cnlmc þ ]ptcmKXn dnt¸mÀ«v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
(Un) B`yć ]cntim[
14. B`yć ]cntim[bpw ]cntim[mhn`mKhpw þ (1)
kwØm¯nsâ km¼¯nI XmÂ]cy§Ä kwc£n¡pI F¶ Dt±iyt¯msS
km¼¯nI hchp sNehpIÄ IrXyamtWmsb¶pw ]ncnhp XpIIÄ
hogvNIqSmsX JPmhnÂ HSp¡p hcp¯p¶ptmsb¶pw Dd¸m¡p¶Xnpw
kwØm JPmhnv jvSapmIp¶nÃ F¶pd¸phcp¯p¶Xnpambn hnhn[
hIp¸pIfnÂ B`yć ]cntim[m hn`mK§Ä {]hÀ¯n¨phcp¶p. kwØm
kÀ¡mcnsâ [Imcy (B`yć ]cntim[) hIp¸nsâ
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amÀKnÀt±i§Ä¡pkcWambmWv AXXv hIp¸pIfnse B`yć
]cntim[m hn`mK§Ä {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶Xv.
(2) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänp IognepÅ em³Uv {Sn_yqWepIÄ
HgnsIbpÅ GsXmcp Imcymeb¯nepw B`yć ]cntim[
S¯p¶Xnte¡mbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ konbÀ ^nm³kv
HmôkÀ¡p IognÂ Hcp {]tXyI B`yć ]cntim[m hn`mKw (Internal
Audit Wing) {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶p. hntÃPv HmôkpIÄ, k_v Xmeqt¡môkv,
Xmeqt¡môkpIÄ, hnhn[ kvs]jyÂ HmôkpIÄ, dhyq UnhnjWÂ
HmôkpIÄ, taJem hnPne³kv sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ HmôkpIÄ, PnÃm
IfIvt{SäpIÄ F¶nhnS§fnÂ B`yć ]cntim[ S¯pI,
]cntim[¡pdn¸v X¿mdm¡n kÀ¡mcnp kaÀ¸n¡pIbpw yqXm ]cnlmc
S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅpIbpw sN¿pI F¶nhbmWv em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWtdänse B`yć ]cntim[m hn`mK¯nsâ {][m NpaXeIÄ.
15. ]cntim[m S]SnIÄ þ (1) ap³Iq«n X¿mdm¡nb ]cntim[m IeÀ
ASnØmam¡nbpÅ BpImenI ]cntim[, BIkvanI ]cntim[, em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWdpsStbm kÀ¡mcnsâtbm nÀt±impkcWapÅ {]tXyI
]cntim[ F¶nhbmWv B`yć ]cntim[ hn`mKw S¯nhcp¶ hnhn[
]cntim[IÄ.
(2) B`yć ]cntim[m hn`mK¯nsâ ]cntim[IfnÂ
[hnntbmKw, nIpXn kamlcWw F¶nhbv¡mWv Du¶Â ÂIp¶Xv.
IqSmsX kÀ¡mcnv km¼¯nI jvSw kw`hn¨n«nsÃ¶v Dd¸m¡Â IqSn
B`yć ]cntim[bpsS e£y§fnsem¶mWv. NphsS tNÀ¡p¶hbmWv
B`yć ]cntim[bnÂ {][mambpw ]cntim[n¨pd¸phcpt¯Xv.
(i) ^pIfpsS hnntbmKw AXmXv Imes¯ nba§Ä¡pw
N«§Ä¡pw nb{´W§Ä¡pw hnt[bambmtWm nÀÆln¨n«pÅXv.
(ii) hnhn[ Imcymeb§Ä hgnbpÅ nIpXn nÀ®bw, nIpXn
kamlcWw F¶nh IrXyambn nÀÆln¨n«ptm F¶Xv.
(iii) nIpXntbXc hcpam§fpsS kamlcWw kw_Ôn¨v
(skkpIÄ, kÀhokvNmÀPpIÄ XpS§nbh)
(iv) Poh¡mcpsS tkh thX§Ä, hncan¡Â BpIqey§Ä
F¶nh
(v) dhyq dn¡hdn
(vi) `qan GsäSp¡Â S]SnIÄ
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(vii) Fw.]n., Fw.FÂ.F.þ hnIk^v hnntbmKw
(viii) dhyq hIp¸nsâ taÂtm«¯nÂ S¶p hcp¶ hnhn[ nÀ½mW
{]hÀ¯§Ä, t£a {]hÀ¯§Ä, kmwkv¡mcnI Øm]§fpsS
{]hÀ¯§Ä.
(ix) hnhn[bn§fnse hchpIÄ bYmkabw nÝnX
ioÀjI§fnÂ HSp¡p hcp¯p¶ptm F¶Xv.
16. ]cntim[m IeÀ þ (1) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänp IognepÅ
hntÃPv HmôkpIÄ DÄs¸sSbpÅ Hmtcm Imcymeb¯nepw cv
hÀj¯nsemcn¡Â F¶ nebnemWv B`yć ]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
kzoIcnt¡Xv. km¼¯nI hÀj{Ia¯nÂ BsIbpÅ HmôkpIfpsS
cnsem¶v HmôkpIfnÂ G{]nÂ 15 v Bcw`n¨v s^{_phcn amk¯nÂ
Ahkmn¡¯¡hn[¯nemIWw Hmtcm km¼¯nI hÀjt¯¡papÅ
]cntim[m IeÀ X¿mdmt¡Xv. F¶mÂ FÃm hntÃPv
HmôkpIfnsebpw ]cntim[ Hmtcm hÀjhpw ]qÀ¯nbm¡pI
A{]mtbmKnIamIbmÂ Hmtcm m¼¯nI hÀjhpw Hmtcm Xmeq¡nÂ n¶pw
cp hoXw sXcsªSp¯ hntÃPv HmôkpIfnÂ B`yć ]cntim[
S¯nbmÂ aXnbmIp¶XmWv.
(2) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AwKoIcn¨ ]cntim[m IeÀ
[Imcy (sF.F) hIp¸v sk{I«dn, dhyq hIp¸v sk{I«dn, PnÃm IfIvSÀamÀ,
_Ôs¸« D]Imcymebta[mhnIÄ F¶nhÀ¡v Ab¨p ÂtIXmWv.
]cntim[bv¡mbn ntbmKn¡s¸Sp¶ DtZymKØÀ konbÀ ^nm³kv
HmôkdpsS/ konbÀ kq{]nsâ tXrXz¯nÂ bYmkabw _Ôs¸«
Imcymeb¯nÂ lmPcmbn nÝnX kab{Iaw ]men¨v ]cntim[m S]SnIÄ
]qÀ¯oIcnt¡XmWv. hnhn[ Imcymeb§fnse B`yć ]cntim[bv¡v
NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ kab{Iaw ]ment¡XmWv. F¶mÂ {]kvXpX
kab{Ia¯nÂ DNnXamb amäw hcp¯m³ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v
A[nImcapmbncn¡p¶XmWv.
(i) PnÃm IfIvt{SäpIÄ þ 6 Znhkw
(ii) dhyq UnhnjWÂ HmôkpIÄ þ 4 Znhkw
(iii) Xmeq¡v HmôkpIÄ þ 6 Znhkw
(iv) kvs]jyÂ HmôkpIÄ þ 3 Znhkw
(v) k_v Xmeq¡v Hmôkv þ 1 Znhkw
(vi) hntÃPv HmôkpIÄ þ 2 Znhkw
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(vii) taJem hnPne³kv sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ HmôkpIÄ þ 2 Znhkw
17. ]cntim[¡pdn¸v þ (1) ]cntim[bv¡v ntbmKn¡s¸Sp¶ DtZymKØÀ
]cntim[m Iedns ASnØms¸Sp¯n Xs¶ ]cntim[m S]SnIfpw
Bhiysa¦nÂ ôÂUp ]cntim[bpw ]qÀ¯nbmt¡Xpw ]cntim[
]qÀ¯nbm¡nb XobXnbnÂ n¶pw 10 Znhk§Ä¡Iw ]cntim[¡pdn¸v
X¿mdm¡n em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v AwKoImc¯nmbn
kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
(2) ]cntim[¡pdn¸v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ AwKoIcn¨mepS³
BbXnsâ Hmtcm {]XnIÄ dhyq hIp¸v {]n³kn¸Â sk{I«dn, [Imcy
(sF.F) hIp¸v {]n³kn¸Â sk{I«dn, _Ôs¸« Imcymeb ta[mhn, PnÃm
IfIvSÀ F¶nhÀ¡v Abbvt¡XmWv. taJem hnPne³kv sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ
Imcymeb§sfmgnsIbpÅ asäÃm Imcymeb§fpsSbpw ]cntim[¡pdn¸p
Ifnt·epÅ yqXm ]cnlmc adp]SnIÄ PnÃm IfIvSdpsS ip]mÀi
klnXamWv kaÀ¸nt¡Xv.
(3) BIkvanI ]cntim[, {]tXyI ]cntim[ F¶nhbv¡p
ntbmKn¡s¸Sp¶ DtZymKØÀ ]cntim[ ]qÀ¯oIcn¡p¶Xnsâ sXm«Sp¯
Znhkw Xs¶ ]cntim[¡pdn¸v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p
kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw ]cntim[¡pdn¸nsâ ]IÀ¸pIÄ taÂ D]JÞnI (2) Â
]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ DtZymKØÀ¡v/ HmôkpIfnte¡v DSSn Ab¨p
sImSpt¡XpamWv.
18. yqXm ]cnlmc S]SnIÄ þ (1) ]cntim[¡pdn¸v ssI¸änbmepS³
_Ôs¸« D]Imcymebta[mhnIÄ yqXm]cnlmc dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ Bhiyamb
tcJIÄ klnXw PnÃm IfIvSÀ¡p kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw PnÃm IfIvSÀ hyàamb
ip]mÀi klnXw BbXv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡p kaÀ¸nt¡XpamWv.
F¶mÂ taJem hnPne³kv sU]yq«n IfIvSÀ HmôkpIfpsS
]cntim[¡pdn¸nt·epÅ yqXm ]cnlmc adp]SnIÄ _Ôs¸« Hmôkv
ta[mhnIÄ tcn«v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v kaÀ¸n¨mÂ aXnbmIp¶XmWv.
(2) ]cntim[¡pdn¸nt·epÅ yqXm]cnlmc S]SnIfpsS
]ptcmKXn tcJs¸Sp¯p¶Xnmbn em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse
]cntim[m hn`mKw Hmtcm ]cntim[¡pdn¸nsâbpw kw£n]vX hnhc§fmb
BsI JÞnIIfpsS F®w, yqXIÄ ]cnlcnt¡Xmb JÞnIIfpsS
F®w, yqXIfpsS cXvNpcp¡w, XoÀ¸nsâ hnhcw F¶nh DÄs¡mÅn¨pÅ
nÝnX amXrIbnepÅ cPnÌÀ I½ojWtdänse B`yć ]cntim[m
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hn`mK¯nÂ h¨pt]mtcXmWv. cPnÌdnsâ amXrI Ap_Ôw-þ 7 Bbn
tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
(3) ]cntim[¡pdn¸nt·Â CS¡me/ XmÂ¡menI adp]SnIÄ
AphZobaÃm¯XmWv. ]cntim[¡pdn¸nÂ Nqn¡mWn¨n«pÅ FÃm
yqXIfpw cp amk¯npÅnÂ XoÀ¸mt¡Xpw F¶mÂ C¯cw
S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶XnpÅ ]camh[n kab]cn[n bmsXmcp
ImcWhimepw Bdp amk¯ne[nIcn¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XpamWv.
XoÀ¸mt¡Xmb FÃm JÞnIIfnt·epapÅ A´na adp]Sn 6
amk¯npÅnÂ kaÀ¸n¡p¶XnÂ AXXv Hm^okv ta[mhnIÄ hyàn]cambn
NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw ip]mÀi klnXw e`n¡p¶
adp]SnIÄ hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v yqXIÄ ]cnlcn¡s¸«psh¶v
Dd¸phcp¯ns¡mv {]kvXpX ]cmaÀiw DÄs¡mÅp¶ JÞnI XoÀ¸m¡n
D¯chmtIXpw {]kvXpX hnhcw PnÃm IfIvSsdbpw _Ôs¸« Imcymeb
ta[mhnsbbpw Adnbnt¡XpamWv.
****
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Vol.I

`mKwþ VI
]ehI
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Vol.I

A²ymbwþ
ZnIÄþ Xockwc£Whpw aWÂhmcÂ
nb{´Whpw
1. nba¯nsâ Dt±iye£y§Äþ tIcf¯nse hnhn[ ZnIfpambn
_Ôs¸« ]mcnØnXnI BhmkhyhØbv¡p tIm«apmImsX kwc£n¡pI,
ZnIfnÂ n¶pÅ aWÂhmcÂ nb{ń¡pIbpw Anb{ńXamb
aWÂhmcenÂ n¶pw ZoXoc§sfbpw XS§sfbpw kwc£n¡pIbpw sN¿pI
XpS§nb Dt±iy§tfmsSbmWv 15.4.2002 XobXn {]m_ey¯nÂ kwØm¯v
tIcfm ZoXoc kwc£Whpw aWÂhmcÂ nb{´Whpw nbaw, 2001
S¸nem¡nbXv. 2002 Â kwØm kÀ¡mÀ Cu nba¯nv N«§fpw
cq]oIcn¨v {]m_ey¯nÂ hcp¯pIbpmbn,
2. Cu nba{]ImcapÅ hnhn[ A[nImcØm§Ä þ
A[nImcs¸Sp¯s¸« DtZymKØ³ (Authorised Officer), dhyq hIp¸p a{ń
sNbÀammbpÅ kwØm D¶XXe kanXn, PnÃm IfIvSÀ sNbÀammbpÅ
PnÃm hnZKv[ kanXn, Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]¯nsâ A²y£³
sNbÀammbpÅ IShpI½nän, {]tXyI kwc£W tk F¶n§s Cu
nba¯nsâ S¸nem¡epambn _Ôs¸« hyXykvX A[nImcØm§Ä Cu
nba{]Imcw hyhØ sNbvXn«pÅXmWv.
3. A[nImcs¸Sp¯s¸« DtZymKØ³þ (1) ZoXoc kwc£Whpw
aWÂhmcÂ nb{´Whpambn _Ôs¸« nba¯nse hyhØIÄ
S¸nem¡p¶Xnv s]mXp taÂtm«¨paXebpÅ A[nImcs¸Sp¯s¸«
DtZymKØmbn (Authorised Officer) em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
{]hÀ¯nt¡XmsW¶v nba¯nse 2_n hIp¸v hyhØ sN¿p¶p. C¯cw
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taÂtm«¨paXeIfpsS nÀÆlW¯nÂ kÀ¡mÀ NpaXes¸Sp¯p¶Xpw
tPmbnâ v em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS ]ZhnbnÂ XmsgbÃm¯Xpamb
DtZymKØ³ em³Uv dhyq I½ojWsd klmbnt¡XmsW¶pw {]kvXpX
hIp¸nÂ hyhØ sNbvXncn¡p¶p. A[nImcs¸Sp¯s¸« DtZymKØ³ Cu
nba¯nsâ S¸nem¡epambn _Ôs¸«v ÂIp¶ nÀt±i§Ä
]men¡p¶Xnv Cu nba {]Imcw {]hÀ¯nt¡ FÃm DtZymKØcpw
_m[yØcmWv.
(2) nba{]ImcapÅ taÂtm«¨paXeIÄ IqSmsX, Cu nba¯nse
hyhØIÄ ]men¡p¶XnÂ hogvNhcp¯p¶ Poh¡mÀs¡Xnsc DNnXamb
A¨S¡ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡pItbm A¨S¡ S]SnIÄ¡mbn kÀ¡mcnte¡v
ip]mÀi kaÀ¸n¡pItbm sN¿pI, kwØm D¶XXe kanXnbnÂ AwKambn
{]hÀ¯n¡pI F¶nhbpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeIfmWv.
4. kwØm D¶XXe kanXnbpambn _Ôs¸« {]hÀ¯§Äþ dhyq
hIp¸p a{´n sNbÀammbpw dhyq hIp¸v sk{I«dn I¬hodpambpÅ
kwØm D¶XXe kanXnbnse HcwKambpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
{]hÀ¯nt¡XmWv. PnÃm hnZKv[ kanXn ip]mÀi sN¿p¶ hnhn[
]²XnIfpsS kq£va ]cntim[ S¯pI, Ahbv¡v AwKoImcw ÂIpI
F¶nhbmWv kwØm D¶XXe kanXnbpsS IÀ¯hy§Ä. F¶mÂ PnÃm
hnZKv[ kanXnbpsS ip]mÀi IqSmsXbpÅXmsW¦nÂ IqSn kwØm
D¶XXe kanXn¡v AXnv bpàsa¶p tXm¶p¶ GsXmcp ]²Xn¡pw
AwKoImcw ÂIp¶XnpÅ A[nImcapÅXmWv. sNbÀam³ Xocpamn¡p¶
kab¯pw Øe¯pw cp amk¯nsemcn¡se¦nepw kwØm D¶XXe
kanXn tbmKw tNtcXps¶v nba¯nse 2F hIp¸nÂ hyhØ
sNbvXncn¡p¶p. {]kvXpX tbmK¯nÂ nÀ_Ôambpw ]s¦Sp¡p¶Xnpw
]²XnIÄ kq£va ]cntim[ S¯p¶Xnpw ]²XnIÄ¡v AwKoImcw
ÂIp¶XnÂ `mK`m¡mIp¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ
5. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS aäp NpaXeIÄ þ (1) Cu nba¯nsâ
S¸nem¡epambn _Ôs¸« A[nImcs¸Sp¯s¸« DtZymKØ³ F¶
nebnÂ Cu nba {]ImcapÅ hnhn[ IÀ¯hy§Ä nÀÆln¡p¶Xnmbn
NpaXes¸Sp¯s¸« GsXmcp A[nImc tI{µtam AYhm DtZymKØtcm Cu
nba¯nsebpw AXn³ IognÂ Dm¡nbn«pÅ N«§fnsebpw
D¯chpIfnsebpw hyhØIÄ IrXyambn S¸nem¡p¶psh¶v
Dd¸phcpt¯ NpaXe em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡pv. AXnte¡mbn Cu
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nba¯n³ IognepÅ GsXmcp A[nImc tI{µ¯nepw AYhm DtZymKØcpsS
Imcymeb§fnepw ]cntim[IÄ S¯p¶Xnpw nba¯nsâ icnbmb
S¸nem¡Â Dd¸phcp¯p¶Xnmbn amÀ¤nÀt±i§tfm D¯chpItfm
]pds¸Sphn¡p¶Xnpw kÀ¡mcnte¡v {]hÀ¯ hnhc§fpw aäpw dnt¸mÀ«p
sN¿p¶Xnpw em³Uv dhyq I½oj³ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
(2) GsX¦nepw IShpIÄ A[nIrXambmWv {]hÀ¯n¡p¶sX¶
hnhcw {i²bnÂs¸«mepS³ A¯cw IShpIfpsS {]hÀ¯w DSSn nÀ¯n
hbv]n¡p¶Xnv _Ôs¸« A[nImcnIÄ¡v nÀt±iw ÂIp¶Xnpw em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. CXnte¡mbn PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ nt¶m
dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hm^okdnÂ nt¶m Xt±i kzbw`cW
Øm]m[nIrXcnÂ nt¶m C³Ìnäyq«v Hm^v em³Uv Bâ v UnkmÌÀ
amtPvsaânÂ {]hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶ dnhÀ amtPv skâdnÂ nt¶m Bhiyamb
dnt¸mÀ«v tXSmhp¶Xpw A{]Imcw e`yamIp¶ dnt¸mÀ«ns ASnØmam¡n
IShpIfpsS {]hÀ¯w XSªpsImv D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¡mhp¶Xpw BbXv
S¸nem¡p¶Xnv PnÃm IfIvSsdtbm dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hm^oksdtbm
XlknÂZmsctbm NpaXes¸Sp¯mhp¶XpamWv.
(3) A[nIrX aWÂhmcÂ, aWÂIS¯v F¶nh XSbp¶Xnmbn
A¯cw {]hÀ¯§Ä S¶p hcp¶tXm S¡mnSbpÅtXm Bb
Øe§fnÂ t]meokptZymKØsc DÄs¸Sp¯ns¡mv aXnbmb ^vssfbnMv
kvIzmUv GÀs¸Sp¯pI, Cu nba{]Imctam AXn³Iognepm¡nb N«§Ä
{]Imctam h¨pt]mtcXmtbm X¿mdmt¡Xmtbm nÀt±in¡s¸«n«pÅ
A¡upIÄ, cPnÌdpIÄ, ]{XnIIÄ, dnt¸mÀ«pIÄ F¶nh _Ôs¸«
A[nIrXscs¡mv X¿mdm¡n¸n¡pI, Cu nba¯nsetbm N«§fnsetbm
hyhØmewL§Ä kw_Ôn¨v s]mXpP§fnÂ n¶p e`n¡p¶
]cmXnIfnt·Â nbampkrXhpw kXzchpamb S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅpI,
Cu nbahpambn _Ôs¸«v kÀ¡mÀ AXmXv Ime§fnÂ ]pds¸Sphn¡p¶
nÀt±i§fpw D¯chpIfpw S¸nem¡pI F¶nhbpw em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWdpsS IÀ¯hy§fmWv.
6. hogvNhcp¯p¶ DtZymKØÀs¡Xnsc A¨S¡ S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅmsa¶v þ (1) Cu nba¯nsebpw N«§fnsebpw hyhØIÄ
S¸nem¡p¶Xnte¡mbn nban¨n«pÅ GsX¦nepw DtZymKØtm
atäsX¦nepw Poh¡mctm nba¯nsetbm N«§fnsetbm Øncw
D¯chpIfnsetbm hyhØItfm nÀt±i§tfm ewLn¡pItbm
IÀ¯hy§fnÂ hogvNhcp¯pItbm sNbvXn«pÅ ]£w A¯cw DtZymKØ³
em³Uv dhyq hIp¸nse Hcp Poh¡mcmIp¶ kmlNcy¯nÂ {]kvXpX
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Vol.I

hyàns¡Xnsc DNnXamb A¨S¡S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅp¶Xnv em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v A[nImcapÅXmWv.
(2) F¶mÂ A¯csamcp DtZymKØ³ em³Uv dhyq hIp¸v
HgnsIbpÅ atäsX¦nepw hIp¸nse Poh¡mcmbncn¡p¶nS¯v IÀ¯hy
ewLw AYhm IrXynÀÆlW¯nse hogvNIÄ kw_Ôn¨v A¨S¡
S]SnIÄ kw_Ôn¨ ip]mÀi klnXw kÀ¡mcnte¡v dnt¸mÀ«v
kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
7. nba§fnepw N«§fnepw t`ZKXn hcp¯p¶XnpÅ ip]mÀiIÄþ
ZoXockwc£Ww, aWÂhmcÂ, BäpaWÂ o¡w sN¿Â, ZnbpsS
ssPhþ`uXnI ]mcnØnXnI hyhØIfpsS kwc£Ww F¶nh kw_Ôn¨v
Cu nba¯ntem AXn³ Iognepm¡nbn«pÅ N«§fntem Fs´¦nepw
t`ZKXnIÄ Bhiysa¶v IcpXp¶ ]£w em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v BbXv
kw_Ôn¨ ip]mÀiIÄ X¿mdm¡n kÀ¡mcnv kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
****
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Vol.I

A²ymbwþ
]ucmhImi nba§Ä
(F) hnhcmhImi nbaw
1. hnhcmhIminbaw þ Hcp s]mXp A[nImcnbpsS ssIhi¯ntem
nb{´W¯ntem DÅ GsXmcp hnhchpw ]cntim[n¡p¶Xnpw AhbpsS
km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸pItfm km¼nfpItfm e`n¡p¶Xnpw CeIvt{SmWnIv
cq]¯nÂ kq£n¨n«pÅ hnhc§Ä CeIvt{SmWnIv cq]¯ntem At]£I³
Bhiys¸Sp¶ cq]¯nÂ HmôknÂ e`ysa¦nÂ {]kvXpX cq]¯ntem
e`n¡p¶XnpapÅ AhImiamWv hnhcmhImi nbaw ]ucv ÂIp¶Xv.
Cu nba{]Imcw C³Uy³ ]uc·mcmb hyànIÄ¡p am{XamWv hnhc§Ä
e`n¡p¶Xnv AhImiapÅXv.
2. hnhcw þ hnhcmhImi nba¯nse hIp¸v 2(F^v) {]Imcw GXp
cq]¯nepapÅ hkvXp¡Ä, AXmbXv s]mXp A[nImcnbpsS ssIhi¯nepw
kq£n¸nepw DÅ FÃm tcJIfpw dn¡mÀUpIfpw CeIvt{SmWnIv cq]¯nÂ
kq£n¨n«pÅ tcJIfpw hnhcw F¶Xnsâ ]cn[nbnÂ hcp¶p.
3. tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkdpsS NpaXeIÄþ hnhcmhImi
nba {]Imcw Hmtcm s]mXp A[nImcØm]§fnepw hnhn[ IrXy
nÀÆlW§Ä¡mbn tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀamscbpw
AknÌâ v tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀamscbpw ntbmKn¨n«pv.
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänÂ _Ôs¸« sk£³ kq{]pamsc tÌäv ]»nIv
C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀamcmbpw X]mÂ hn`mKw kq{]ns AknÌâ v tÌäv
]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ Hmôkdmbpw ntbmKn¨ncn¡p¶p. AXmXv
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Vol.I

bqWnäpIfpsS NpaXebpÅ AknÌâ v I½ojWÀ/ ^nm³kv HmôkÀ
Bbncn¡pw A¸oe[nImcn. AknÌâ v I½ojWÀamÀ, ^nm³kv HmôkÀ,
sk£³ kq{]pamÀ F¶nhÀ¡v ØmamäapmIp¶ Ahkc¯nÂ
]Icambn atäsX¦nepw DtZymKØv Hmôkv D¯chphgn XmÂ¡menIambn
NmÀÖv ssIamdn e`n¡p¶ Ahkc¯nÂ {]kvXpX XkvXnIbnÂ AknÌâ v
tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkdpsStbm tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³
HmôkdpsStbm A¸oe[nImcnbpsStbm NpaXe hlnt¡XpÅ ]£w
XmÂ¡menIambn NmÀÖv hln¡p¶hÀ AXXp kwKXnt]mse AknÌâ v
tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀ /tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀ/
A¸oe[nImcn Bbpw {]hÀ¯nt¡XmWv.
4. tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀ, AknÌâ v tÌäv ]»nIv
C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀ F¶nhÀ nÀÆlnt¡ NpaXeIÄ þ
At]£IfnÂ kzoIcnt¡ s]mXphmb S]Sn{Ia§Ä, At]£môkv/
]IÀ¸v ôkv, A¸oepIÄ F¶nh kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä F¶nh em³Uv
dhyq amzensâ Bdmwhmeyamb hntÃPv Hmôkv amzense 23þmw
A²ymb¯nÂ {]Xn]mZn¨n«pÅXv (JÞnI 264 apXÂ 270 hsc) em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWtdänse CXp kw_Ôn¨ S]SnIÄ¡pw
5. A¸oe[nImcnbpsS NpaXeIÄþ tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀ¡v
kaÀ¸n¨ At]£Ifnt·Â nÝnX kab]cn[n¡pÅnÂ
XocpamsaSp¡mXncn¡pt¼mtgm tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkdpsS
Xocpamw Xr]vXnIcaÃmXncn¡pt¼mtgm At]£IÀ¡v A¸oe[nImcn ap¼msI
At]£ kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkÀ
nbampkcWw XocpamsaSpt¡ Ime]cn[n Ahkmn¡p¶ XobXn
AYhm tÌäv ]»nIv C³^Àtaj³ HmôkdpsS Xocpamw e`n¨ XobXn
apXÂ 30 Znhk¯nIw H¶mw A¸oÂ kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. F¶mÂ 30
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ A¸oÂ ^bÂ sN¿mXncp¶Xnv A¸oÂhmZn¡v aXnbmb
ImcWw Dmbncp¶psh¶v A¸oe[nImcn¡v t_m²ys¸SpIbmsW¦nÂ
nÝnX kab]cn[n¡ptijw ^bÂ sN¿s¸Sp¶ A¸oepIfpw
kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv. A¸oepIÄ¡v bmsXmcp hn[amb ôkpIfpw
Npat¯XnÃ. A¸oÂ e`n¨mepS³ A¸oepIÄ kw_Ôn¨ cPnÌdnÂ
lÀPnbpsS hnhc§Ä tcJs¸Sp¯n kq£nt¡XmWv.
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6. A¸oÂ lÀPnbnt·epÅ S]SnIÄþ (1) GXp¯chnv /
Xocpam¯nsXncmbmtWm A¸oÂ kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xv {]kvXpX D¯chnsâ
(Xocpam¯nsâ) kzbw km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸v, A¸oenÂ ]cmaÀin¡p¶
aäp tcJIfpsS ]IÀ¸pIÄ F¶nhbpw A¸oensm¸w DÅS¡w
sNbvXncnt¡Xpv. hnhcmhIminba{]ImcapÅ At]£bnÂ
Bhiys¸« hnhc§fÃmsX ]pXpXmbn bmsXmcp hnhc§fpw A¸oenÂ
Bhiys¸Sm³ hyhØbnÃm¯XmWv.
(2) A¸oÂhmZn¡v ]dbmpÅXv ]dbm³ Hchkcw ÂImsX A¸oÂ
XoÀ¸m¡phm³ ]mSpÅXÃ. nbpà DtZymKØnÂ n¶v _Ôs¸« ^bÂ
hnfn¨phcp¯n ]cntim[n¨pw A¸oÂhmZn lmPcm¡p¶ tcJIfpw sXfnhpIfpw
]cntim[n¨pw Bhiysa¦nÂ nbpà DtZymKØs hnkvXcn¨pw A¸oÂ
AphZn¡pItbm nckn¡pItbm sNbvXpsImv D¯chv (Order)
]pds¸Sphnt¡XmWv. D¯chnÂ cmw A¸oÂ kaÀ¸n¡phmpÅ
I£nIfpsS AhImiw, kaÀ¸nt¡ Ime]cn[n, A¸oÂ AtXmdnänbpsS
hniZmwi§Ä apXembh DÄs¸Spt¯XmWv.
(3) A¸oenÂ XocpamsaSp¡pt¼mÄ ]cnKWnt¡ hnjb§Ä,
A¸oent·epÅ S]Sn{Ia§Ä F¶nh kw_Ôn¨v em³Uv dhyq amzÂ
hmeyw IV (dhyq UnhnjWÂ Hm^okv amzÂ JÞnI 220-223)þ Â
hniZambn {]Xn]mZn¨n«pv. A¯cw S]Sn{Ia§Ä AphÀ¯n¨psImv
A¸oÂ lÀPnIÄ 30 Znhk¯nIw XoÀ¸mt¡XmWv. F¶mÂ
Hgn¨pIqSmmhm¯ ImcW§fpÅ ]£w BbXv tcJs¸Sp¯ns¡mv
]camh[n 45 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ A¸oÂ lÀPnbnÂ XocpamsaSpt¡XmWv.
7. cmw A¸oÂþ H¶mw A¸oe[nImcn¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶ At]£Ifnt·Â
nÝnX kab¯npÅnÂ Xocpamw FSp¡mXncn¡pt¼mtgm Xocpamw
Xr]vXnIcaÃmXncn¡pt¼mtgm At]£IÀ¡v kwØm hnhcmhImi I½oj³
ap¼msI cmw A¸oÂ kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. H¶mw A¸oÂ Xocpamw e`n¨v
90 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ cmw A¸oÂ kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
(_n) tkhmhImi nbaw
8. tkhw-þ 2012 hw_À 1þmw XobXn {]m_ey¯nÂ kwØm¯v
S¸m¡nb tkhmhImi nba {]Imcw Hmtcm hIp¸pIfpw Øm]§fpw
hnÚm]w sNbvXn«pÅ tkh§Ä s]mXpP§Ä¡v nÝnX
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kab]cn[n¡pÅnÂ e`yamt¡Xpv. nba¯nse 2G hIp¸p{]Imcw
kÀ¡mÀ hIp¸pIÄ, Xt±i kzbw`cW Øm]§Ä, s]mXptaJem
Øm]§Ä, aäp nbam[njvTnX Øm]§Ä F¶nh hnÚm]w
sNbvXn«pÅ tkh§sfbmWv tkhw F¶XpsImv AÀ°am¡p¶Xv.
9. dhyq hIp¸nse hnÚm]w sN¿s¸« tkh§Ä-þ dhyq hIp¸nÂ
n¶pw s]mXp P§Ä¡v e`yam¡n hcp¶ H«h[n tkh§Ä
tkhmhImi nba{]Imcw ÂtIhbmbn hnÚm]w sNbvXn«pv.
hntÃPv HmôknÂ n¶pw AphZn¡p¶ 20 Cw tkh§Ä,
Xmeqt¡môknÂ ¶pÅ 23 Cw tkh§Ä, dhyq UnhnjWÂ
HmôknÂ n¶pw e`yamIp¶ Hcp tkhw F¶nhbmWv mfnXphscbmbn
tkhmhImi nba{]ImcapÅ tkh§fmbn hnÚm]s¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXv.
10. ]pXpXmbn tkh§Ä hnÚm]w sN¿p¶XnpÅ S]Sn{Iawþ
(1) dhyq hIp¸nÂ n¶pw s]mXpP§Ä¡v e`yam¡n hcp¶ GsX¦nepw
tkh§Ä tkhmhImi nba¯nsâ ]cn[nbnepÄs¸Spt¯Xps¦nÂ
BbXnpÅ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¨v CXp kw_Ôamb hnÚm]w HutZymKnI
KkänÂ {]kn²s¸Spt¯ NpaXe em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdnÂ
n£n]vXamWv. IqSmsX nehnÂ hnÚm]w sNbvXn«pÅ tkh§Ä
kw_Ôn¨v Fs´¦nepw amä§Ä hcpt¯Xps¦nÂ BbXnpÅ
S]SnIfpw em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ kzoIcnt¡XmWv.
(2) GsX¦nepw tkh§Ä ]pXpXmbn DÄs¸Spt¯Xps¦nÂ
A¯cw tkh§Ä {]Zmw sN¿p¶ HmôkpIfnÂ n¶pw ip]mÀiIÄ
e`yam¡n ]cntim[nt¡Xpw tkhw e`yam¡p¶Xnv Bhiys¸Smhp¶
tcJIÄ, tkhw e`yam¡p¶XnpÅ Ipdª Ime]cn[n, nbpà
DtZymKØ³, A¸oÂ A[nImcnIfpsS HutZymKnI ]ZhnIÄ F¶nhbnÂ
DNnXamb XocpamsaSpt¡Xpw BbXv kÀ¡mÀ KkänÂ hnÚm]w
aptJ {]kn²s¸Spt¯XpamWv.
(3) nehnÂ tkhmhImi nba{]Imcw hnÚm]w sNbvXn«pÅ
GsX¦nepw tkh§Ä kw_Ôn¨v nbpà DtZymKØ³/ H¶mw
A¸oe[nImcn/ cmw A¸oe[nImcn F¶nhcnÂ amä§Ä hcpt¯Xmtbm,
tkh¯np nÝbn¨n«pÅ Ime]cn[nbnÂ amäw hcpt¯XpÅXmtbm
IcpXp¶ ]£w em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ BbXv hniZambn
]cntim[nt¡Xpw DNnXamb Xncp¯Â hnÚm]w HutZymKnI KkänÂ
bYmhn[n {]kn²s¸Spt¯XpamWv.
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11. tkhImi nba{]ImcapÅ tkh§fpsS hnhc§Ä tm«okv
t_mÀUnÂ {]ZÀin¸n¡Wsa¶v þ (1) Hmtcm nbpà DtZymKØpw Xsâ
Imcymeb¯nÂ n¶pw tkhmhImi nba{]Imcw {]Zmw sN¿p¶
tkh§Ä kw_Ôn¨ NphsS tNÀ¡p¶ hnhc§Ä Hm^okv tm«nkv
t_mÀUnÂ {]kn²s¸Spt¯Xpv.
(i) Cu nba {]Imcw hnÚm]w sN¿s¸« tkh§Ä GsXÃmsa¶v
(ii) Hmtcm tkhhpw AphZnt¡ kab]cn[n
(iii) nbpà DtZymKØ³, H¶mw A¸oÂ A[nImcn, cmw A¸oÂ
A[nImcn F¶nhbpsS hnhc§Ä
(iv) At]£bvs¡m¸w lmPcmt¡ tcJIÄ GsXms¡sb¶ hnhcw
(2) dhyq hIp¸nse tkhmhImi nba {]Imcw hnÚm]w
sN¿s¸« tkh§Ä {]Zmw sNt¿Xmb GsXmcp Imcymeb¯nepw taÂ
D]JÞnI (1) {]ImcapÅ hnhc§Ä {]ZÀin¸n¨n«ps¶v em³Uv dhyq
I½ojWÀ Dd¸p hcpt¯XmWv. IqSmsX hnÚm]w sN¿s¸«
tkh§Ä kw_Ôn¨ At]£IÄs¡m¸w lmPcmt¡ tcJIÄ
kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ t{ImUoIcnt¡Xpw BbXv
GIoIrX cq]¯nÂ tm«okv t_mÀUpIfnÂ {]ZÀin¸n¡p¶Xnte¡mbn
nbpà DtZymKØÀ¡v Ab¨p sImSpt¡XpamWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ
kamizmk sXmgnÂZm ]²Xn
1. kamizmk sXmgnÂZm ]²Xn þ (1) kÀÆoknencns¡ acWaSbp¶
kÀ¡mÀ Poh¡mcpsS B{inXcnÂ HcmÄ¡v kamizmkambn tPmen ÂIp¶
]²XnbmWv kamizmk sXmgnÂZm ]²Xn. Cu ]²Xn{]ImcapÅ nbaw
kt_mÀUntäv kÀÆokv, emÌv t{KUv kÀÆokv, ]mÀ«v ssSw InPâ v kÀÆokv
F¶nhbnse ¢mkv III , ¢mkv IV XkvXnIIfnembn ]cnanXs¸Sp¯nbn«pv.
{]kvXpX XkvXnIIfnÂ tcn«pÅ nba¯npÅ tbmKyXIÄ Cu ]²Xn
{]ImcapÅ nba¯npw _m[Iambncn¡pw. F¶mÂ hn[h/hn[pc³
F¶nhÀ¡pw AhnhmlnXmb kÀ¡mÀ Poh¡mcsâ amXm]nXm¡Ä¡pw
nba¯nv DbÀ¶ {]mb]cn[n _m[Iambncn¡nÃ. ChÀ¡v s]³j³ {]mbw
hscbpw nbaw ÂImhp¶XmWv. IpSpw_¯nse H¶nÂ IqSpXÂ AwK§Ä
kÀÆoknencns¡ acWaSªmepw B IpSpw_¯nse HcwK¯np am{Xta
tPmen e`n¡mÀlXbpmhq.
2. nbaw e`n¡p¶XnmbpÅ At]£ þ acWs¸« Poh¡mc³/
Poh¡mcn Ahkmw tPmen sNbvXncp¶ Hmôknse tae[nImcn aptJ
PnÃm IfIvSÀ¡mWv At]£ kaÀ¸nt¡Xv. At]£tbmsSm¸w
Poh¡mcsâ/Poh¡mcnbpsS acWkÀ«n^n¡änsâ km£ys¸Sp¯nb
]IÀ¸v, kÀÆokv kÀ«n^n¡äv, AćmhImi kÀ«n^n¡äv, IpSpw_hmÀjnI
hcpam kÀ«n^n¡äv F¶nhbpw kaÀ¸n¡Ww. Cu ]²Xn {]Imcw nbaw
e`n¡p¶Xnv At]£Isâ /At]£IbpsS IpSpw_hmÀjnI hcpam ]cn[n
8 e£w cq]bnÂ Ihnbm³ ]mSnÃ. Poh¡mc³ / Poh¡mcn acWaSªv
cp hÀj¯nIw AsÃ¦nÂ AćmhImin {]mb]qÀ¯nbmbn aq¶p
hÀj¯nIw At]£ kaÀ¸nt¡Xpv. hnhmlnXcmb a¡Ä B{inX
nba¯nmbn At]£ kaÀ¸n¡pt¼mÄ AhcpsS PohnX ]¦mfnbpsS
hcpamw IqSn DÄs¸Spt¯XmWv. a¡fpsS nÀÆN¯nÂ Z¯p]p{X³,
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Z¯p]p{Xn F¶nhcpw DÄs¸Spw.
3. At]£ kaÀ¸n¡pt¼mÄ {i²nt¡ Imcy§Ä þ tI{µ/kwØm
kÀ¡mÀ hIp¸pIfntem hIp¸pIÄ¡p IognepÅ Øm]§fntem
s]mXptaJem Øm]§Ä, AÀ² kÀ¡mÀ Øm]§Ä F¶nhnS§fntem
DtZymK¯nÂ {]thin¨p IgnªhÀ kamizmk sXmgnÂZm ]²Xn {]Imcw
At]£n¡p¶Xnv AÀlcÃ. At]£I³/At]£I hnhmlnXcmIp¶ ]£w
At]£tbmsSm¸w “hnhmlnXcmb tijhpw AhÀ acWs¸« Poh¡mcsâ
B{inX³/ B{inX Bbncp¶p” F¶ XlknÂZmcpsS kÀ«n^n¡äp IqsS
lmPcmt¡XmWv. Cu ]²Xn {]ImcapÅ nba¯nv acWaSª
Poh¡mcsâ/Poh¡mcnbpsS AÑ³/A½/hn[h/hn`mcy³ F¶nhÀ
HgnsIbpÅ B{inXcmWv At]£n¡p¶sX¦nÂ Poh¡mcsâ/
Poh¡mcnbpsS amXmhv/]nXmhv/hn[h/hn`mcy³ F¶nhsc PohnXImew
apgphpw, AhnhmlnXcmb ktlmZcn ktlmZc·msc
{]mb]qÀ¯nbmIp¶Xphscbpw kwc£n¡p¶XmsW¶pÅ k½Xsamgn
At]£tbmsSm¸w kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
4. em³Uv dhyq I½ojWdpsS NpaXeþ PnÃm IfIvSdnÂ n¶p e`n¡p¶
AtzjW dnt¸mÀ«nsm¸w At]£, acWs¸«bmfnsâ tkhkm£y]{Xw,
acWkÀ«n^n¡äv, A´cmhImi kÀ«n^n¡äv, At]£Isâ/At]£IbpsS
hbÊv, hnZym`ymktbmKyX F¶nh sXfnbn¡p¶ tbmKyXm]{X§fpsS
km£ys¸Sp¯nb ]IÀ¸pIÄ, aäv A´cmhIminIfpsS k½X]{X§Ä,
At]£Isâ/ At]£IbpsS kXy{]kvXmh, IqSpw_ hcpam
km£y]{Xw, imcocnI£aXm kÀ«n^n¡äv, B{inX kÀ«n^n¡äv,
kwc£Wk½Xsamgn F¶nh Dmbncnt¡XmWv. PnÃm IfIvSdpsS
dnt¸mÀ«pw tcJIfpw hniZambn ]cntim[n¨v yqXIsfm¶panÃ
F¶pd¸phcp¯n em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ hyàamb ip]mÀi klnXw
At]£ kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
****
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A²ymbwþ
tPmenØes¯ kv{Xokpc£
1. nba¯nsâ e£y§Ä þ (1) 1997 se sshimJ Vs tÌäv Hm^v cmPØm³
F¶ tIknse hn[nsb XpSÀ¶v kp{]ow tImSXn ]pds¸Sphn¨ amÀ¤
nÀt±i§fpsS ASnØm¯nemWv tI{µkÀ¡mÀ tPmenØes¯ kv{Xo
ssewKnI ]oU ntcm[nbaw cq]oIcn¨v S¸nÂ hcp¯nbXv.
sXmgnenS§fnse ssewKnI ]oU§fnÂ n¶v kv{XoIÄ¡v kwc£Ww
ÂIpI, ]oU§Ä kw_Ôn¨ ]cmXnIÄ¡v ]cnlmcapm¡pI kv{XoIÄ¡v
kzX{ámb sXmgnÂ Aćo£w kwPmXam¡pI F¶nhbmWv nba¯nsâ
e£y§Ä.
(2) nba¯nsâ 2(F³) hIp¸v {]Imcw ssewKoI ]oUw F¶XnÂ
Xmsg¸dbp¶ Ht¶m AXne[nItam {]hr¯nItfm s]cpamä§tfm (tcnt«m
hywKytam Bbmepw) DÄs¸Sp¶p
(i) imcocnI kv]Àihpw IS¶pIbä§fpw
(ii) ssewKnI t«§Ä¡pthn nÀ_Ôn¡pItbm
At]£n¡pItbm sN¿Â
(iii) ssewKnI NphbpÅ ]cmaÀi§Ä S¯Â
(iv) AÇoe kmlnXy§Ä ImWn¡Â
(v) ApNnXamb imcocnItam, hmNnItam, BwKnItam Bb
ssewKnI kz`mhapÅ s]cpamäw
IqSmsX ssewKnI kz`mhapÅ s]cpamät¯mSp_Ôn¨v GsX¦nepw
coXnbnepÅ hmKvZm§Ä ÂIp¶Xpw òjWns¸Sp¯p¶Xpw Cu nba
{]ImcapÅ ssewKnI ]oU¯nsâ ]cn[nbnÂ hcp¶XmWv.
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Vol.I

2. CtâWÂ Iw¹bnâ v I½nän þ (1) kv{XoIÄ tPmensN¿p¶ FÃm
Øm]§fpw sXmgnÂ Øew F¶ nÀÆN¯nepÄs¸Sp¶p. kv{XoIÄ¡v
kpc£nXamb sXmgnÂ Aćo£w Dd¸p hcp¯pI, kv{Xo ]oUw kw_Ôn¨
]cmXnIfnÂ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnmbn CtâWÂ Iw¹bnâ v I½nän
cq]oIcn¡pI, ]cmXnIÄ kw_Ôn¨ S]SnIÄ tamWnäÀ sN¿pI, e`n¡mhp¶
in£Isf kw_Ôn¨ hnhc§Ä {]ZÀin¸n¡pI, ]cmXn e`n¨mÂ
]cmXn¡mcn¡v FÃm klmb§fpw ÂIpI, iey¡mcmb BÄs¡Xnsc
S]Sn kzoIcn¡pI, ]oUs¯ kÀÆokv N«§Ä {]ImcapÅ s]cpamä
Zqjyambn IW¡m¡n S]SnsbSp¡pI F¶nhbmWv Hmôkv tae[nImcnbpsS
NpaXeIÄ. HmôknÂ CtâWÂ Iw¹bnâ v I½nän cq]oIcn¨n«nsÃ¦ntem
Cu nba{]ImcapÅ S]SnIfnÂ hogvN hcp¯nbmtem Hmôkv ta[mhn¡v
50000/þ cq] hsc ]ng e`n¡mhp¶XmWv.
3. I½nänbnse AwK§Ä þ (1) CtâWÂ Iw¹bnâ v I½nänbpsS {]nsskUnwKv
HmôkÀ Øm]¯nse DbÀ¶ XkvXnIbnepÅ Hcp hnXbmbncn¡Ww.
F¶mÂ Øm]¯nÂ konbÀ Xe¯nepÅ hnXbnsÃ¦nÂ Øm]hpambn
_Ôs¸« aäv HmôkpIfnÂ nt¶m AUvannkvt{Säohv bqWnäpIfnÂ nt¶m
{]nsskUnMv Hmôksd manÀt±iw sNt¿XmWv. kv{XoIfpsS t£a¯nÂ
{]XnÚm_²cmbhtcm, kmaqlnItkhw, nbaw F¶o taJeIfnÂ
]cnNbtam DÅ cnÂ Ipdbm¯ Poh¡mÀ I½nänbnÂ
AwK§fmbncn¡Ww. IqSmsX kv{XoIfpsS {]iv§Ä ssIImcyw sN¿p¶
Hcp k¶² kwLS (NGO) Â nt¶m AtkmkntbjnÂ nt¶m AsÃ¦nÂ
kv{Xo ]oUhpambn _Ôs¸« {]iv§Ä ssIImcyw sNbvXp ]cnNbapÅtXm
Bb Hcmfpw I½nänbnÂ AwKambncn¡Ww. BsI AwK§fpsS ]IpXnbnÂ
IqSpXÂ kv{Xo Ifmbncnt¡Xpw {]kvXpX I½nänbpsS Imemh[n 3 hÀjw
Bbncn¡p¶XpamWv.
4. ]cmXn kaÀ¸n¡pt¼mÄ {i²nt¡ Imcy§Äþ ]cmXnbpÅhÀ
I½nän ap¼msI ]cmXn FgpXn ÂtIXmWv. ssewKnI ]oUw S¶v 3
amk§Ä¡pÅntem XpSÀ¨bmbn ]oUw S¶sX¦nÂ HSphnÂ kw`hw S¶
XobXn apXÂ 3 amk¯nIhpw ]cmXn ÂImhp¶XmWv. ]cmXn enJnXambn
ÂIm³ km[n¡m¯t¸mÄ {]nsskUnwKv Hmôktdm GsX¦nepw AwKtam
]cmXn tcJmaqew X¿mdm¡p¶Xnmhiyamb ymbamb FÃm klmb§fpw
]cmXn¡mcn¡v ÂtIXmWv. IqSmsX imcocnItam amknItam Bb
ZuÀ_eyw sImtm acWw aqetam atäsX¦nepw ImcW¯mtem ]cmXn
sImSp¡phm³ IgnªnsÃ¦nÂ nbampkrX AhImint¡m, AsÃ¦nÂ
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nÀ®bn¡s¸Smhp¶ A§sbpÅ asämcmÄt¡m ]cmXn
kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. ImeXmak¯nv aXnbmb ImcW§fps¶v
t_m²ys¸Sp¶ ]£w AXnptijhpw I½nän¡v ]cmXn kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv.
]cmXnbn³taÂ AtzjWw Bcw`n¡p¶Xnpap³]mbn ]cmXn¡mcn
Bhiys¸Sp¶ ]£w {]ivw ApcRvP¯neqsS H¯p XoÀ¡m³ S]Sn
ssIs¡mÅmhp¶XmWv. F¶mÂ BbXv km¼¯nI H¯pXoÀ¸nsâ
ASnØm¯nemIm³ ]mSpÅXÃ. ]cmXn H¯pXoÀ¸m¡p¶ ]£w CtâWÂ
I½nän BbXv dn¡mÀUmt¡Xpw ip]mÀibnÂ ]dªn«pÅ S]Sn
FSp¡phm³ AXv Øm]ta[mhn¡v ÂtIXpamWv. IqSmsX AXnsâ
]IÀ¸pIÄ ]cmXn¡mcn¡pw FXnÀ I£n¡pw ÂtIXmWv. C{]Imcw
H¯pXoÀ¸nÂ F¯nt¨cp¶ ]£w I½nän ]cmXnbnÂ IqSpXÂ AtzjWw
St¯XnÃ. F¶mÂ H¯pXoÀ¸nsâ GsX¦nepw n_Ôtbm
hyhØtbm FXnÀI£n ]men¨nsÃ¶v ]cmXn¡mcn Bt£]ap¶bn¨mÂ
I½nän ]cmXnbnÂ AtzjW S]Sn Bcw`n¡pItbm t]meoknv ]cmXn
ssIamdpItbm sNt¿XmWv. ]cmXn e`n¨v 90 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ
AtzjWw ]qÀ¯nbm¡Ww. ]cmXnbpsS ]IÀ¸v klnXw FXnÀI£n¡v
tm«okv ÂIn ]cmXn¡mcntbbpw FXnÀI£ntbbpw tcnÂ tI«v samgn
tcJs¸Spt¯XmWv. ]cmXnbpsS kXymhØ t_m²ys¸Sp¶Xnv
Bhiysa¦nÂ km£nhnkvXmcw S¯mhp¶XmWv. ]cmXn hniZambn
]cntim[n¡pIbpw ]cmXn¡mcntbbpw FXnÀI£ntbbpw Bhiysa¦nÂ
km£nIsfbpw hnNmcW sN¿pIbpw sNbvXv hyàamb ip]mÀi klnXw
Øm] tae[nImcn¡pw Unkv{SnIvSv Hm^okÀ¡pw dnt¸mÀ«v ÂtIXmWv.
5. I½nänbpsS A[nImc§Äþ (1) AtzjWw S¡p¶ Ahkc¯nÂ
]cmXn¡mcn Bhiys¸Sp¶]£w Ahsctbm Btcm]Whnt[btbtbm
Øm]¯nÂ n¶v Øew amäphmpw ]cmXn¡mcn¡v 3 amk¯nÂ Ihnbm¯
eohv AphZn¡phmpw Bhiyamb aäv kwc£W§Ä ÂIphmpw
tae[nImcntbmSv ip]mÀi sN¿phm³ I½nän¡v A[nImcapv. I½nänbpsS
ip]mÀiIÄ S¸m¡phm³ tae[nImcn¡v _m²yXbpv. Cu hIp¸p{]Imcw
]cmXn¡mcn¡v AphZn¡p¶ Ah[n aäphn[¯nÂ AhÀ¡v AÀlXbpÅ
Ah[n¡v ]pdsabmbncn¡pw.
(2) AtzjW dnt¸mÀ«v þ F) AtzjWw ]qÀ¯nbmbn 10
Znhk§Ä¡Iw I½nän Øm]ta[mhn¡v dnt¸mÀ«v kaÀ¸nt¡Xpw ]IÀ¸v
_Ôs¸« I£nIÄ¡v ÂtIXpamWv. FXnÀI£ns¡XnscbpÅ
Btcm]Ww sXfnbn¡s¸«n«nÃ F¶mWv Is¯Â F¦nÂ Cu hnj¯nÂ
bmsXmcp S]Snbpw kzoIcnt¡XnsÃ¶v dnt¸mÀ«nÂ hyàambn ip]mÀi
sNt¿XmWv. Btcm]Ww icnbmWv F¶v AtzjW¯nÂ t_m²ys¸Sp¶
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]£w FXnÀ I£n¡v _m[Iamb kÀÆokv N«§Ä {]ImcapÅ s]cpamä
Zqjyambn Iv ]oU¯nsXnsc S]SnsbSp¡mtm AsÃ¦nÂ hIp¸v 15
se hyhØIÄ {]Imcw DNnXsa¶v IcpXp¶ XpI FXnÀ I£nbpsS
i¼f¯nÂ nt¶m thX¯nÂ nt¶m ]cmXn¡mcnt¡m nbampkrX
AhImint¡m jvS]cnlmcw ÂIp¶Xnmbn Ipd¡p¶Xntm ip]mÀi
sNt¿XmWv.
_n) F¶mÂ FXnÀI£n tPmen¡phcmXncn¡pItbm tPmen
nÀ¯pItbm sN¿p¶Xpaqew AbmfpsS i¼f¯nÂ n¶v jvS]cnlmc¯pI
Ipd¡p¶Xnv Øm] ta[mhn¡v IgnbmsX hcp¶ ]£w XpI ]cmXn¡mcn¡p
ÂIphm³ FXnÀI£ntbmSv Øm]ta[mhn nÀt±int¡XmWv. IqSmsX
XpI ÂIphm³ FXnÀI£n hogvNhcp¯p¶ ]£w I½nän Sn XpI `qnIpXn
IpSnÈnI t]mse CuSm¡mpÅ D¯chv _Ôs¸« PnÃm HmôkÀ¡v
Abt¡Xpw ip]mÀi e`n¨v 60 Znhk¯nIw PnÃm HmôkÀ
ip]mÀibn³taÂ S]Sn FSpt¡XpamWv.
6. hymP]cmXnbpw hymPsXfnhpw ÂIp¶XnpÅ in£ þ Btcm]Ww
Zpcpt±iy]camsWt¶m ]cmXn¡mcntbm ]cmXn¡mcn¡pthn ]cmXn
sImSp¡p¶ asämcmtfm hymP]cmXn sImSp¯Xmtbm hymPtcJ Na¨Xmtbm
GsX¦nepw km£n hymPsXfnhv ÂInsbt¶m t_m²yambmÂ
]cmXn¡mcnt¡m ]cmXn¡mcn¡pthn ]cmXn ÂInb hyànt¡m
km£nt¡m FXnsc AhÀ¡v _m[Iamb kÀÆokv N«§Ä {]Imcw
S]SnsbSp¡phm³ I½nän¡v ip]mÀi sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
7. hnhcmhImi nbaw _m[IasÃ¶v þ Cu hIp¸p{]Imcw e`n¨
]cmXnbpsS DÅS¡tam ]cmXn¡mcn, FXnÀI£n, km£nIÄ
F¶nhsc¡pdn¨pÅ hnhc§tfm AtzjW S]SnIÄ, ApcRvPw
F¶nhtbmSp _Ôs¸« hnhc§tfm I½nänbpsS ip]mÀiItfm
Øm]ta[mhntbm PnÃm Hmôktdm Cu nba {]Imcw kzoIcn¨ S]SnItfm
hnhcmhImi nba¯nsâ ]cn[nbnÂ hcp¶XÃ. IqSmsX taÂ hnhc§sfm¶pw
Xs¶ GsX¦nepw Xc¯nÂ {]kn²oIcn¡mtm hnnabw sN¿mtm
s]mXpPs¯tbm ]{Xam[ya§sftbm Adnbn¡mtm ]mSpÅXÃ.
8. tmUÂ HmôkdpsS NpaXeIÄ þ kv{Xo ]oUw kw_Ôn¨ ]cmXnIÄ
ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xnv FÃm PnÃbnepw Hcp Unkv{SnIvSv tmUÂ HmôkÀ
Dmbncn¡pw. PnÃm IfIvStdm AUojWÂ Unkv{SnIvSv aPnkvt{Stäm
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Vol.I

NpaXes¸Sp¯p¶ sU]yq«n IfIvSdmbncn¡pw Cu NpaXe hln¡p¶Xv.
PnÃIfnÂ tem¡Â Iw¹bnâ v I½nän¡v cq]w ÂtIXv Unkv{SnIvSv tmUÂ
HmôkdmWv. ]cmXnIÄ kzoIcn¡phmpw XpSÀ S]SnIÄ FSp¡phmpw
Cu I½nän¡v A[nImcapmbncn¡pw. Unkv{SnIvSv tmUÂ HmôkÀ
ntbmKn¡p¶ Xmeq¡v tmUÂ HmôkÀamÀ¡pw ]oUw kw_Ôn¨
]cmXnIÄ kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv. F¶mÂ kzoIcn¡p¶ ]cmXnIÄ 7
Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ tem¡Â Iw¹bnâ v I½nän¡v ssIamtdXpv. Cu
nba{]Imcw cq]oIcn¡p¶ I½nänIÄ¡v 1908 se knhnÂ s{]mkoPyÀ
tImUnÂ ]dbp¶ Hcp knhnÂ tImSXnbpsS A[nImc§Ä
Dmbncn¡p¶XmWv. I½nänIfpsS Xocpam§fnÂ ]cmXnbpÅbmfnv
_Ôs¸« tImSXnbntem {Sn_yqWentem 90 Znhk§Ä¡pÅnÂ A¸oÂ
kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv.
****
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Vol.I

A²ymbwþ
hnhckmt¦XnI hn`mKw
1. kwØm sF.än. skÂ (dhyq) þ (1) tÌäv sF.än. skÃnsâ BØmw
em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdämWv. kwØms¯ apgph³ dyq
HmôkpIfntebpw I¼yq«ÀhÂ¡cW¯nsâ taÂtm«w S¯p¶Xv sF.än.
skÃmWv. dhyq hIp¸nÂ n¶p ÂInhcp¶ tkh§Ä hnhckmt¦XnI
hnZybpambn kwtbmPn¸n¨v kpXmcyhpw Imcy£ahpam¡pI F¶XmWv sF.än.
skÃnsâ {][m {]hÀ¯w sa¨s¸« tkhw s]mXpP§Ä¡v
e`yam¡p¶Xnmbn hnhn[ CþKthW³kv ]²XnIÄ sF.än. skÃnsâ
B`napJy¯nÂ S¸m¡n hcp¶p.
(2) kwØms¯ FÃm hntÃPpIfntebpw ASnØm `qnIpXn cPnÌÀ,
Xt¸À cPnÌÀ F¶nh UnPnssäkv sN¿p¶ ]²Xn Ańa L«¯nemWv.
IqSmsX hnhn[ {]hr¯nIfpsS I¼yq«ÀhÂ¡cWw, am¸pIfpsS
UnPnssätkj³, I¼yq«À iywJebneqsS dhyq þ cPnkvt{Sj³þ kÀsÆ
hIp¸pIfpsS GtIm]w F¶nhbv¡mbn ReLis F¶ ]²Xn S¸nem¡n
hcp¶p.
(3) ‘ISemkv clnX Hmôkv’ F¶ e£yt¯msS S¸nem¡n hcp¶
CþHmôkv, hntÃPv/Xmeq¡v HmôkpIfnÂ n¶pw s]mXpP§Ä¡mhiyapÅ
hnhn[ kÀ«n^n¡äpIÄ thK¯nepw kpXmcyambpw e`yam¡p¶XnpÅ
CþUnkv{SnIväv ]²Xn, dhyq hIp¸p aptJ ]ncns¨Sp¡p¶ hnhn[ nIpXnIÄ
km¼¯nI tkh§Ä, hnhn[bnw ôkpIÄ F¶nh Cþ{Sjdn
kwhn[mhpambn kwtbmPn¸n¨XneqsS s]mXpP§Ä¡v ho«nencp¶p Xs¶
I¼yq«dnsâtbm kvamÀ«v t^mWnsâtbm klmbt¯msS ]WaS¡phm³
km[n¡p¶ Cþt]bvsaâ v kwhn[mw, dhyq dn¡hdn S]SnIÄ IqSpXÂ
Imcy£ahpw kpKahpw B¡p¶XnpÅ BÀ.BÀ Hm¬sse³ ]²Xn, Hm¬
sse³ t]m¡phchv, hIp¸nÂ ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ hnes¸« tcJIÄ
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Vol.I

in¸n¡msX kq£n¡p¶XnpÅ tamtU¬ dn¡mÀUv dqw kÖoIcn¡Ä
XpS§nbh sF.än. skÂ apJm´cw S¸nem¡n hcp¶p.
****
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Vol.I

A²ymbwþ
kÀ«n^n¡äpIÄ
1. kÀ«n^n¡äpIfpw dhyq DtZymKØcpwþ (1) hyànIsftbm
IpSpw_s¯tbm kw_Ôn¨pÅXpw `qan kw_ÔambpÅXpamb H«h[n
km£y]{X§Ä AphZn¡p¶Xnv hntÃPv HmôkÀ, XlknÂZmÀ, dhyq
UnhnjWÂ HmôkÀ, AUojWÂ PnÃm aPnkvt{Säv, PnÃm aPnkvt{Säv
F¶nhsc A[nImcs¸Sp¯nbn«pÅXmWv. em³Uv dhyq amzensebpw hnhn[
nba§fnsebpw N«§fnsebpw hyhØIÄ ]men¨mIWw dhyq DtZymKØÀ
C¯cw km£y]{X§Ä AphZnt¡Xv. em³Uv dhyq amzÂ {]Imctam
nba§fnsetbm N«§fnsetbm D¯chpIfnsetbm hyhØIÄ {]Imctam
NpaXes¸Sp¯nbn«pÅ km£y]{X§Ä AphZn¡p¶Xnv am{XamWv dhyq
DtZymKØÀ¡v A[nImcapÅXv. C{]Imcw njvIÀjn¡pItbm
NpaXes¸Sp¯pItbm sNbvXn«nÃm¯ bmsXmcp km£y]{X§fpw dhyq
Poh¡mÀ AphZn¡m³ ]mSnÃm¯XmWv. C¯c¯nÂ dhyq Poh¡msc
hnhn[ km£y]{X§Ä AphZn¡p¶Xnte¡mbn NpaXes¸Sp¯pIbpw
amÀKnÀt±i§Ä ]pds¸Sphn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨ tImþ
HmÀUntänMv Un¸mÀ«vsaâ v sk{It«dnbänse dhyq hIp¸v Bbncn¡p¶XmWv.
(2) dhyq hIp¸nse hnhn[ A[nImcnIÄ AphZn¡p¶ FÃmhn[
km£y]{X§sf kw_Ôn¨pw A¸oÂ hyhØIÄ nehnepÅXmWv.
am{XhpaÃ, ]«nIPmXn/]«nItKm{XhÀK km£y]{X§fpsS kwKXnbn
semgnsI asäÃm kÀ«n^n¡äpIsf kw_Ôn¨pw A¸oe[nImcnbpsS Xocpamw
Ańaambncn¡p¶XpamWv.
2. km£y]{X§Ä kw_Ôn¨ amÀK nÀt±i§Ä þ dhyq hIp¸[nIrXÀ
AphZn¡p¶ hnhn[ km£y]{X§Ä kw_Ôn¨ amÀK tcJItfm amÀK
nÀt±i§tfm ]pds¸Sphnt¡p¶Xnte¡v kÀ¡mÀ nÀt±in¡p¶ ]£w
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Vol.I

Bhiyamb ip]mÀiIÄ X¿mdm¡n kÀ¡mcnÂ kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnv em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p. ]pXpXmbn GÀs¸Sp¯p¶
km£y]{X§Ä kw_Ônt¨m nehnÂ AphZn¨p hcp¶h kw_Ônt¨m
{]mtbmKnIhi§Ä IW¡nseSp¯v amÀK tcJIÄ X¿mdm¡n kÀ¡mcnte¡v
kaÀ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. At]£IfpsS amXrIIÄ, lmPcmt¡ tcJIÄ,
amZÞ§Ä, km£y]{Xw AphZnt¡ Npcp§nb Ime]cn[n,
kÀ«n^n¡änsâ km[pXm Imebfhv, A¸oÂ hyhØIÄ
F¶n§ssbms¡bpÅ hnhn[ hnjb§Ä kw_Ôn¨ hkvXpXIÄ
DÄs¡mÅn¨mIWw amÀKtcJIÄ X¿mdmt¡Xv. CXnte¡mbn PnÃm
IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶v A`n{]mb§Ä tiJcn¡mhp¶XpamWv.
3. km£y]{X§Ä kw_Ôn¨ s]mXp ]cmXnIÄ þ (1) hnhn[
km£y]{X§Ä kw_Ôn¨v A¸oÂ hyhØIÄ nehneps¦nepw A¸oÂ
F¶ nebneÃmsX kaÀ¸n¡s¸Sp¶ s]mXp ]cmXnIfnÂ DNnXamb
S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡p¶Xnv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
km£y]{X§Ä AphZn¡p¶XnpÅ Imebfhv, kÀ«n^n¡äpIfpsS
km[pXm Imebfhv, kÀ«n^n¡äpIfpsS amXrI, amZÞ§Ä F¶nh
kw_Ônt¨m aäp Xc¯nepÅ s]mXp ]cmXnIÄ kw_Ônt¨m e`n¡p¶
Bt£]§fnt·Â PnÃm IfIvSÀ aptJtbm em³Uv dhyq I½ojWtdänse
]cntim[m hn`mKw aptJtbm DNnXamb AtzjW S]SnIÄ
ssIs¡mÅmhp¶Xpw XpSÀ S]SnIÄ kzoIcn¡mhp¶XpamWv.
(2) nehnse nba§fnepw N«§fnepw amzepIfnepw hyhØ
sNbvXn«pÅXn³ {]Imcw ]cnlcn¡mhp¶hbmWv Bt£]§sf¦nÂ
DNnXamb D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨psImv em³Uv dhyq I½ojWÀ¡v A¯cw
]cmXnIfnÂ XoÀ¸p IÂ¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. kÀ¡mÀ Xe¯nÂ
]cnlcn¡s¸tShtbm nba {]iv§Ä nenÂ¡p¶Xmbn
t_m[ys¸Sp¶tXm Bb kwKXnIfnÂ DNnXamb ip]mÀi klnXw hniZamb
dnt¸mÀ«v kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸nt¡XmWv.
(3) PmXn, kapZmb km£y]{X§Ä kw_Ôn¨ s]mXp ]cmXnIfnÂ
chwiimkv{X]Tw DÄs¸sSbpÅ hniZamb ]cntim[IÄ
Anhmcysa¶p ImWp¶ kwKXnIfnÂ DNnXamb AtzjW¯npw
]cntim[bv¡pambn ]cmXn InÀ¯mUvknv (KIRTHADS) ssIamdmhp¶Xpw
InÀ¯mUvknsâ ]T dnt¸mÀ«nsâ ASnØm¯nepw kÀ¡mÀ
nÀt±impkcWhpw DNnXamb XpSÀ S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅmhp¶XpamWv.
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Vol.I

4. km£y]{X§Ä kw_Ôn¨ ip]mÀiIfpw dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw þ (1) hnhn[
kwhcW kapZmb hn`mK§fpsS ]«nIIfnÂ GsX¦nepw hn`mKs¯ ]pXpXmbn
DÄs¸Sp¯p¶Xp kw_Ôn¨v A`n{]mbw Adnbn¡p¶Xnv kÀ¡mÀ
NpaXes¸Sp¯p¶ ]£w PnÃm IfIvSÀamcnÂ n¶pw A`n{]mb§Ä tiJcn¨v
t{ImUoIcn¨v hyàamb ip]mÀi kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnv em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ NpaXes¸«ncn¡p¶p.
(2) PmXn, kapZmb km£y]{X§Ä IqSmsX ]pXpXmbn GÀs¸Sp¯p¶
atäsXmcp km£y]{Xw kw_Ôn¨pw kÀ¡mÀ NpaXes¸Sp¯p¶ ]£w
hniZamb ip]mÀi X¿mdm¡n kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnpw em³Uv
dhyq I½ojWÀ _m[yØmWv. km£y]{Xw AphZnt¡ A[nImcn,
At]£bpsS amXrI, lmPcmt¡ tcJIÄ, amZÞ§Ä,
km£y]{X¯nsâ amXrI, kÀ«n^n¡änsâ km[pXmImebfhv, kÀ«n^n¡äv
AphZn¡p¶XnpÅ kab]cn[n F¶n§s FÃm hkvXpXIfpw
hniZam¡nbpÅ hyàamb dnt¸mÀ«mIWw kÀ¡mcnte¡v kaÀ¸nt¡Xv.
CXnte¡mbn ^oÂUv Xe DtZymKØcnÂ n¶v A`n{]mb§Ä tiJcn¡pI,
inÂ¸imeIÄ kwLSn¸n¡pI, kÀ«n^n¡äv Bhiys¸Sp¶ A[nImcnIfpsS
A`n{]mb§Ä BcmbpI F¶o S]SnIÄ ssIs¡mÅmhp¶XmWv.
****
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Vol.I

`mKwþ VII
Ap_Ôw
LA
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Vol.I

Ap-_-Ôw-þ1
ssIh-i-apÅ]W-¯nsâhnhcwImWn-¡p¶cPn-ÌÀ
(PersonalCashDeclarationRegister)
em³UvdhyqI½ojWtdävamkw......hÀjw.............
HutZym-KnIØmw
t]cv
{Ia--¼À
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
XpI
H¸v
Xob-Xn-IÄ
LA
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EVEN
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Vol.I

Ap_Ôw-þ2
aqhvsaâvcPnÌÀ
XobXn
]pd¯p
t]mIp¶
kabw
DtZymKØsâ
t]cpw
HutZymKnI
Ømhpw
]pd¯p
t]mIp¶
Bhiyw
XncnsI
F¯nb
kabw
dnamÀ
Ivkv
1234567
sk£³
kq{]nsâ
Npcps¡m¸v
em³UvdhyqI½ojWtdäv
LA
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U
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Vol.I

Ap_Ôw -3
kÀÆokv ImÀUv
I. nba hnhc§Ä
I. Poh¡mcsâ t]cv
(F) Cw¥ojv henb A£c¯nÂ :
(_n) aebmf¯nÂ :
II. ]n³tImUv klnXapÅ Ønc
taÂhnemkw :
III. P¯obXn :
IV. ]pcpj³/ kv{Xo :
V. hnZym`ymk tbmKyXIÄ :
VI. aXw :
VII. PmXn, D]PmXn :
VII. ]«nIPmXn/]«nI hÀK hn`mK¯nÂ
s¸«bmfmtWm :
IX. imcocnI sshIeyapÅbmfmtWm :
X. imcocnI sshIeyaps¦nÂ BbXnsâ
iXamw :
XI. nba¯nsâ coXn :
(tcn«pÅ nbaw, Fkv.kn/Fkv.Sn
hn`mK¡mÀ¡pÅ {]tXyI nbaw, kamizmk
sXmgnÂZm ]²Xn {]ImcapÅ nbaw, A´À
hIp¸pamäw aptJbpÅ nbaw, ss_{Sm³kv^À
nbaw, kvt]mÀSvkv Izm«m nbaw
F¶n§sbpÅ hnhc§Ä)
XII. nba¯nmbn ip]mÀi sNbvX/ sXcsª
Sp¯ PnÃ (DRB) :
XIII. ]»nIv kÀÆokv I½ojnÂ n¶pÅ nba
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Vol.I

ip]mÀibpsS (Advice)/kÀ¡mÀ D¯chnsâ
¼cpw XobXnbpw :
XIV. nba D¯chnsâ ¼cpw XobXnbpw :
XV. nba D¯chv ]pds¸Sphn¨ A[nImcn :
XVI. dhyq hIp¸nÂ tPmenbnÂ {]thin¨ XobXn :
XVII. ¢mÀ¡v/hntÃPv AknÌâ v XkvXnIbnse :
kontbmdnän¡mbn IW¡nseSpt¡ XobXn
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Vol.I

II. sSÌv tbmKyXm hnhc§Ä ]cnioe hnhc§fpw
sSÌnsâ
]co£
hnPbn¨
amkhpw
cPnÌÀ kÀ«n^n
¡änsâ
1 2 3 4 5
1. PnÃm Hm^okv amzÂ
2. sNbn³ kÀsÆ sSÌv
3. A¡uv sSÌv: t]¸Àþ I
4. A¡uv sSÌv: t]¸Àþ II
6. A¡uv sSÌ:v t]¸Àþ IV
7. dhyq sSÌ:v t]¸À þ I
8. dhyq sSÌv: t]¸À þ II
9. dhyq sSÌv: t]¸À þ III
10. tIcfm {InanÂ PpUojyÂ
{Ia
5. A¡uv sSÌ:v t]¸Àþ III
13. nba _ncpZw (bqWnth
gvknänbpsS t]cv dnamÀ¡v
14. lbÀ kÀsÆ sSÌv
15. aPnÌocnbÂ (P&M)
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Vol.I

III. nco£WImew
{Ia
¼À
XkvXnI
nco£WImew
]qÀ¯nbm¡nbn
«pÅXnsâ{]m_ey
XobXn
D¯chnsâ¼cpw
XobXnbpw
D¯chv]pds¸Sphn¨
A[nImcn
dnamÀIvkv
1. ¢mÀ¡vv/ hntÃPv
AknÌâ v
2. konbÀ ¢mÀ¡vv/ kvs]
jyÂ hntÃPv Hm^okÀ
3. slUv ¢mÀ¡v/dhyq
C³kvs]IvSÀ/
hntÃPv Hm^okÀ
4. sU]yq«n XlknÂZmÀ/
PqnbÀ kq{]v
5. XlknÂZmÀ/ konbÀ
kq{]v
1 2 3 4 5 6
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IV. iqythXmh[nIÄ
{Ia
¼À
Ah[nbpsS
Imebfhv
Ah[nAphZn¨p
sImpÅD¯chp
¼cpwXobXnbpw
Ah[nAphZn¨
A[nImcn
Ah[nbnÂ{]thin¡p¶
XnpsXm«pap¼vDtZyK
¯nencp¶XkvXnI
dnamÀIvkv
1 2 3 4 5 6
Ah[nF´mhiy
¯nvAphZn¨p
F¶v
7
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V. A´ÀPnÃm Øewamäw
1. GXp PnÃbnte¡mWv Øewamäw e`n¨Xv :
2. Øewamä thfbnÂ GXp XkvXnIbnem
bncp¶p tPmen sNbvXncp¶Xv :
3. A´À PnÃm Øewamäw AphZn¨psImpÅ
D¯chnsâ ¼cpw XobXnbpw :
4. Øewamäw e`n¨ PnÃbnÂ DtZymK¯nÂ
{]thin¨ XobXn :
5. atäsX¦nepw {]kàamb hnhc§Ä :
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{Ia
¼À
XkvXnI Øm¡bäw
AphZn¨
XobXn
D¯chv
¼À
Øm¡bäw
e`n¨ XkvXn
IbnÂ {]th
in¨ XobXn
dnamÀIvkv
1 2 3 4 5 6
UDC/SVO
HC/RI/VO
DT/JS
Tahsildar/SS
VI. Øm¡bäw
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VII. kXy{]kvXmh
................................................... Imcymeb¯nÂ ............... XkvXnIbnÂ tPmen
sNbvXp hcp¶Xpw .......................................... aI³/aIfpamb ........................ hbkpÅ
.................................................. F¶ Rm³ t_m[n¸n¡p¶ kXy{]kvXmh:
Rm³ apIfnÂ ]cmaÀin¨n«pÅ XkvXnIbnÂ tPmen
sNbvXphcp¶bmfpw taÂ tNÀ¯ hkvXpXIsf kw_Ôn¨v ]qÀ®
t_m[hmpamWv. IqSmsX taÂ {]kvXmhn¨n«pÅ FÃm hnhc§fpw Fsâ
Adnhnepw hnizmk¯nepw icnbpw ]qÀ®hpamsW¶pw
t_m[n¸n¨psImÅp¶p. taÂ {]kvXmhn¨n«pÅ hnhc§fpsS ASnØm¯nÂ
hIp¸nv Fs´¦nepw Xc¯nepÅ IjvS jvS§Ä DmIp¶ ]£w BbXv
F¶nÂ n¶pw hkqem¡p¶Xnv ]qÀ® k½XamsW¶pw CXnmÂ
t_m[n¸n¨psImÅp¶p.
Øew:
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Rm³tcnÂ ]cntim[n¨n«pÅXmWv
]cntim[n¨ DtZymKØsâ
XobXn klnXw H¸v :
t]cv :
HutZymKnI ]Zhn :
VIII. km£y]{Xw
{io/{ioaXn ................................. (t]cpw DtZymKt¸cpw) F¶bmÄ taÂ
tNÀ¯n«pÅ hnhc§Ä SnbmfpsS tkh ]pkvXIhpambn H¯p tm¡n
]cntim[n¨v icnsb¶v Dd¸phcp¯nbn«pÅ hnhcw CXnmÂ
km£ys¸Sp¯p¶p.
Hm^okv ta[mhnbpsS H¸v :
(XobXn klnXw)
t]cv :
DtZymKt¸cv :
Øew:
XobXn: (Hm^okv ap{Z)
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Ap_Ôwþ 3 F
Ipä]{X¯nsâ amXrI
(eLp in£ Npa¯mhp¶ tIkpIÄ¡pÅXv)
Ipämtcm]W sat½m
{io ................................................................................................................................... (t]cv)
............................................................................................... (XkvXnI) ...............................................
........................................................................................................... (nbaØew XpS§nbh)
sâ t]cnepÅ Ipämtcm]Ww.
1. {io. .................................................................................................................... Bb n§Ä
.......................................................................................................................... (ChnsS Btcm]n¡s¸«
Ipä¯nsâ/ Ipä§fpsS Npcp¡w _Ôs¸« XobXn/ XobXnIÄ, kabw, Øew/
Øe§Ä F¶nh ImWn¨v FgpXpI) sNbvXncn¡pIbmÂ.
2. 1960 se tIcf knhnÂ kÀÆokkv (XcwXncnhpw, nb{´Whpw
A¸oepw) N«§Ä (Cu N«§tfm {]tXyIambn ImWnt¨¡mhp¶ aäp
N«§tfm) {]Imcw Dt±in¨n«pÅ Xc¯nÂ n§Äs¡Xncmbn A¨S¡ S]Sn
FSp¡mXncn¡p¶Xnv Fs´¦nepw ImcWw Ds¦nÂ t_m[n¸n¡m³
Bhiys¸«psImÅp¶p. FXnÀ hmZ§fS§nb n§fpsS hnhc¸{XnI
kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnv Cu Adnbn¸v In«p¶ XobXn apXÂ ]Xn©v (15) Znhkw
n§Ä¡v AphZn¨ncn¡p¶p. A¯cw Hcp FXnÀhmZ]{XnI {]kvXpX
Imemh[n¡Iw e`n¡p¶nsÃ¦nÂ n§Â¡v FXnÀhmZ§sfm¶pw
ÂImnsÃ¶ ASnØm¯nÂ S]Sn apt¶m«v t]mIp¶XmWv.
3. taÂ¸dªncn¡p¶ Ipä¯nv ASnØm]camb Btcm]W§fpsS
Hcp ]{XnI CtXmsSm¸w tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.
Btcm]W ]{XnI
...........................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
A¨S¡ A[nImcnbpsS XobXn klnXw H¸v
HutZymKnI Ømw
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Ap_Ôwþ 3 _n
Ipä]{X¯nsâ amXrI
(ITn in£ Npa¯mhp¶ tIkpIÄ¡pÅXv)
Ipämtcm]W sat½m
{io ................................................................................................................................... (t]cv)
............................................................................................... (XkvXnI) ...............................................
........................................................................................................... (nbaØew XpS§nbh)
sâ t]cnepÅ Ipämtcm]Ww.
1. {io. .................................................................................................................... Bb n§Ä
.......................................................................................................................... XkvXnIbnencn¡pt¼mÄ
(ChnsS Btcm]n¡s¸« Ipä¯nsâ/ Ipä§fpsS Npcp¡w {]kàambnS¯v
XobXn/ XobXnIÄ, kabw, Øew/ Øe§Ä F¶nh ImWn¨v FgpXpI)
.............................................................................. Ipäw sNbvXncn¡pIbmÂ.
2. 1960 se tIcf knhnÂ kÀÆokkv (XcwXncnhpw, nb{´Whpw
A¸oepw) N«§Ä (Cu N«§fpw {]tXyIambn ImWnt¨¡mhp¶ aäp N«§fpw
Cu N«§tfm {]tXyIambn ImWnt¨¡mhp¶ aäp N«§tfm) {]Imcw
Dt±in¨n«pÅ Xc¯nÂ n§Äs¡Xncmbn A¨S¡ S]Sn
FSp¡mXncn¡p¶Xnv ImcWw ImWn¡m³ Bhiys¸«psImÅp¶p. FXnÀ
hmZ§fS§nb n§fpsS hnhc¸{XnI kaÀ¸n¡p¶Xnv Cu Adnbn¸v In«p¶
XobXn apXÂ ]Xn©v (15) Znhkw AphZn¨ncn¡p¶p. n§fpsS
FXnÀhmZ]{XnI nÝnX Znhk¯nIw e`n¡p¶nsÃ¦nÂ n§Ä¡v
hniZoIcW§sfm¶pw ÂImnsÃ¶ Apam¯nÂ S]Sn
apt¶m«psImpt]mIp¶XmWv. tcn«p Imcyw t_m[n¸n¡mm{Kln
¡p¶ps¦nÂ B hnhchpw IqSn Adnbnt¡XmWv. n§Ä FXnÀhmZ
hnhc]{XnI kaÀ¸n¡m³ nÝbn¨n«pÅ XobXn¡v ap¼v GXv Znhkhpw,
n§fpsS XmÂ¸cy{]Imcw aq³Iq«n nÝbn¡p¶ GXv XobXnbnepw
................................................................... sâ km¶n²y¯nÂ Btcm]W ]{XnIbnÂ
]dªn«pÅ _Ôs¸« dn¡mÀUpIÄ n§Ä¡v ]cntim[n¡mhp¶Xpw
{]kà`mK§Ä Ipdns¨Sp¡mhp¶XpamIp¶p.
Btcm]W ]{XnI
(Hm^okÀs¡XncmbpÅ Btcm]W§fpsS hkvXpØnXnIÄ ChnsS tNÀ¡pI)
.........................................................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................................................
A¨S¡ A[nImcnbpsS XobXn klnXw H¸v
HutZymKnI Ømw
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Vol.I

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