The Commission on Travel Demand is an expert group established as part of CREDS (Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions) to explore how to reduce the energy and carbon emissions associated with transport.

1. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Commission onTravel Demand
Shared Mobility Inquiry
Evidence Session 2
Transport & Mobility
30TH APRIL 2019

2. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Motivations for Shared Mobility Inquiry
Committee on Climate Change 2018 Progress Report to Parliament

3. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Motivations for Shared Mobility Inquiry
Car
Occupancy
in UK is
1.55
Car
Occupancy
in Sweden
is 1.73
That’s an
extra 10%
(26.5bn)
vehicle miles
Or 7.3 MtoE
=
CO2
Reductions
achieved
since 2004

4. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
“radical new technologies are emerging that within a generation will transform
everyday journeys”
Jesse Norman
Principles:
• The benefits must be available to all parts of the UK and all segments of society.
• New mobility services must lead the transition to zero emissions.
• Mobility innovation must help to reduce congestion through more efficient use
of limited road space, for example through sharing rides, increasing occupancy
• Must be part of an integrated offer which promotes walking and cycling and
public transport
Motivations for Shared Mobility
Inquiry

5. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Motivations for Shared Mobility Inquiry
MORE OF THE
SAME AHEADAn additional 9 to 13m
vehicles by 2051?

6. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Total Emissions
• Whole life emissions that matter
• BEV2030 is ~ 50% ICEV 2012
• 150,000 mile vehicle life
• Size of fleet matters hugely
• If fleet grows to 40m then emission
savings all BEV by 2030 are 26%
LowCVP and PE International (2013)

7. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
• What do data sources tell us about how shared transport is today and how that has
changed?
• Where is sharing happening most intensively across the UK and what is limiting its
spread?
• Who is sharing and for what purposes?
• What is different about sharing a car or taxi to sharing on public transport and why?
• What interventions have been effective at stimulating sharing?
• What is the potential to accelerate decarbonisation through sharing?
• What are the implications of sharing for the future of parking?
What are we interested in?

8. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
What is the process?
• Call for Evidence March – April
• Evidence Session 1 – exploring sharing in practice (1) – April 30th London
• Evidence Session 2 – exploring sharing in practice (2) – May 14th Leeds
• Evidence Session 3 – perspectives on sharing – June 18th Venue tbc
• Evidence Session 4 – policy to accelerate sharing – 16th July London
• Final Report – Early Autumn
• Short written record of today published on Commission website – chance to comment
• Full or redacted slides published on Commission website – as you prefer

9. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
• Bike share (docked and dockless)
• Car clubs (round trip and free floating)
• Lift sharing (pre-booked, informal…)
• Ride Sharing (on-demand, flexible routing)
• Hybrid ownership/rental
• Packages which encompass this
• Shared autonomous vehicles
What is in scope?

10. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
• Young (<40 but varies with study)
• Male (over represented 60-80%)
• Well-educated, Higher Income, Urban dwelling
• Evidence for this for:
– Ridehailing/pooling
– Free Floating Car Share (more than round trip)
• Not true for:
– Liftshare (or Bla Bla Car)
– Bike share (gender)
– DRT (community transport)
Who uses shared mobility?
https://www.youworkforthem.com
/photo/154318/portrait-of-cool-
young-man-living-in-the-city

11. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Where is it in operation?
• Round trip Car clubs – predominantly central areas but
now spreading (nodal interchange)
• Free floating car share – predominantly central areas
• Ridesharing – matching easier in denser areas so more
central where exists
• Bike sharing – more central areas, some campus sites
• Lift sharing – varies but common destination or route
• DRT – often peri-urban and rural roger.karlsson

12. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Why do people use shared
mobility?
and/or

13. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
What is it used for?
Basel Free-Floating & Point to Point Comparison
Becker et al. (2017)
Ridehailing San Francisco
Rayle et al., (2016)
Ridehailing
Versus Shared
Ridehailing
NCST (2019)

14. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
What are the impacts on other modes?
Car ownership (car clubs) Other shared mobility ?
Generalisation – the population of adopters is not representative

15. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
What are the impacts on other modes?
Other shared mobility
NCST (2019)

16. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
Evidence Session 1
• Occupancy levels are low
• Not had a policy commitment to shared mobility
– Few levers, some pockets of excellence
– Inconsistency of approach
• Need to see different types of shared mobility fulfilling different roles
– Significant tension between public transport and parts of the shared-mobility system
• New car market is primarily leased or private financed – monthly cost
– Transition to not owning could happen quickly but why?
– Not clear on how much new car purchase is propped up by strong 2nd hand market

17. www.creds.ac.ukTRANSPORT & MOBILITY
The Commission onTravel
Demand
• Professor Greg Marsden
• Professor Jillian Anable
• Elaine Seagriff
• Jonathan Bray
• Dr Nicola Spurling
https://www.creds.ac.uk/commission-on-travel-demand/