The document provides an overview of public sector enterprises (PSEs) in India, including their types such as departmental undertakings, public corporations, and government companies. It explains the structure, management, and significance of each type, detailing how they operate under government ownership and control. The conclusion highlights the vital role of PSEs in contributing to the economy, GDP, and employment.

1. Commercial studies
Saanchit Agarwal
Class - 9
Roll.No -3808

3. Index
• Slide 4 - Acknowledgement
• Slide 5 - Introduction
• Slide 6 - types or forms of public sector enterprises
• Slide 7 - departmental undertaking
• Slide 8 - types of departmental undertaking
• Slide 9 - public corporation
• Slide 10 - types of public corporation
• Slide 11 - Government company
• Slide 12 - types of government company
• Slide 13 to 14 - Conclusion

4. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to
my teacher Mam Priyankoo Das as well as our Head of
School Sir Vidukesh Vimal who gave me the opportunity
to do this wonderful assignment in the subject of
commerce which helped me push myself into researching
and learning about new things on the topic of public
sector enterprises.

5. Introduction
A government-owned enterprise in India is
called a Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) or a
Public Sector Enterprise. These companies are
wholly or partly owned by the Government of
India or one of the many state or territorial
governments or both together in parts.

6. Types or forms of Public sector enterprise
1. Departmental undertaking
2. Public corporation
3. Government companies

7. Departmental undertaking
This is the oldest and traditional form of organising
public enterprises. Under this form, a Departmental Undertaking is
organised,controlled and financed by the government. It is run on the same
lines as any other government department. All the policy matters and other
important decisions related to the undertaking are taken by the controlling
ministry. Parliament lays down the general policy of such undertakings.
Enterprises such as Railways, Public Works Department (PWD), Post and Telegraphs,
Ordinance factories, Delhi Milk Scheme are organised under this type of
organisation.

8. Types of departmental undertakings
1. Railways
2. Post and telegraphs
3. telephones
4. Broadcasting
5. Defence establishment
6. Atomic energy

9. The Public Corporation is an organisation created by special Act passed by the Central or
State Legislature. The Act, creating a public corporation prescribes its aims, objectives and
its relationship to departments and ministries. A public corporation is managed generally
by a Board of Governors/Directors oppointed by the government.Once it is set up, the
corporation has a separate legal entity. Being an autonomous De body, they prepare their
own budget. Its financial powers are laid down in its rules. Although initial capital of
these corporations is contributed by the government, they are also permitted to raise loans
from the public in the form of bonds. In present days, many commercial and industrial
activities of the government are conducted through public corporations. Some of the
well-known public corporations are Industrial Finance Corporation of India (IFC1), Food
Corporation of India (FCT), National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), Oil and Natural
Gas Commission (ONGC), Air India, Indian Airlines, Life Insurance Corporation etc.
Public corporation

10. 1. Reserve bank of india
2. damodar valley corporation
3. Life insurance corporation of india
4. industrial development bank of india
5. Unit trust of india
Types of public corporation

11. Government company
The government company is defined as an enterprise set up under the Companies Act
in which the government owns at least 51% of the share capital. It is a convenient
method of setting up a public enterprise. Such a company is stablished by an
administrative decision of the government. It does not require any pecial Act to be
passed by the Parliament, as required in the case of public corporations It enjoys the
necessary freedom in raising capital from the public. Further, the management of a
company is free from direct government control. However, it is subject control by
the government through review by parliamentary Committees. The majority of Public
Enterprises are set up as government companies. Some of the examples are Hindustan
Machine Tools (HMT), State Trading Corporation (STC),
Maruti Udyog Ltd, Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), Coal India Limited, etc.

12. Types of Government companies
1. Hindustan steel ltd.
2. Hindustan machine tools ltd.
3. Hindustan shipyard ltd.
4. Bharat heavy electricals ltd.
5. Maruti udyog ltd.
6. Hindustan aeronauticals ltd.

13. Conclusion
The public sector enterprises in the Indian
economy are to play an important role.
They account for over 22% of the country's
GDP around 6% of the total employment in
the organised sector, and over 20% of
direct and indirect tax collections.